When a layer having many lattice defects in which oxygen atoms lack is formed on a metal oxide crystal body such as sapphire in this manner, {HEAD ~ oxygen} on the surface enters the lattice defects to try to create {TAIL ~ a stable state} 
When a layer having many lattice defects in which oxygen atoms lack is formed on a metal oxide crystal body such as sapphire in this manner , { HEAD ~ oxygen } on the surface enters the lattice defects to try to create { TAIL ~ a stable state }
OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL