Also provided is an apparatus configured to exhibit at least one of a negative effective permittivity and a negative effective permeability for {TAIL ~ electromagnetic radiation} of {HEAD ~ at least one wavelength} 
Also provided is an apparatus configured to exhibit at least one of a negative effective permittivity and a negative effective permeability for { TAIL ~ electromagnetic radiation } of { HEAD ~ at least one wavelength }
OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL TAIL OTH HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD HEAD