High positive end-expiratory pressure: only a dam against oedema formation?
High PEEP (and low VT) do not merely impede fluid extravasation but rather preserve the integrity of the blood-gas barrier in healthy lungs.
The negative inotropic effect of protamine is enhanced by an increase in extracellular calcium concentration. This negative inotropic effect is probably related to calcium overload and impairment in sarcoplasmic reticulum functions, and heparin can block these effects.