Do different evolutionary pathways underlie the morphology of wrist bones in hominoids?
Our analyses indicate that different evolutionary processes can underlie the evolution of a single anatomical unit (the wrist) to produce diversity in functional and morphological adaptations across individual wrist bones. These results exemplify a degree of evolutionary and functional independence across different wrist bones, the potential evolvability of skeletal morphology, and help to contextualize the postcranial mosaicism observed in the hominin fossil record.
Low-dose capsaicin exerted protective effects on lung ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. And it is mediated partially by calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor. The underlying molecular mechanism is involved in suppressed inflammatory response.