Is carriage of Haemophilus influenzae associated with pneumococcal vaccination in Italian children?
Pneumococcal vaccination increased H. influenzae nasopharyngeal carriage in children. This result highlights that an indirect effect of PCV vaccination can be perturbation of the nasopharyngeal flora. In the era of higher-valent pneumococcal vaccines, surveillance of carriage is crucial to monitor alterations in the bacterial ecosystem, thus preventing possible clinical problems.
Although LVD as assessed by multiple lymphatic markers was not correlated with prognostic parameters, tumour expression of lymphangiogenic growth factors seems to be critically implicated in lymphatic metastasis and cervical carcinoma progression.