Does smoking influence the type of age related macular degeneration causing visual impairment?
Smoking is known to be a risk factor for AMD and this study suggests that smokers are at no more risk of developing neovascular than atrophic lesions.
In this group of pregnant adolescents, suboptimal vitamin D status was associated with increased risk of iron insufficiency and vice versa. These findings emphasize the need for screening for multiple nutrient deficiencies during pregnancy and greater attention to overlapping metabolic pathways when selecting prenatal supplementation regimens.