Does sufentanil postconditioning protect the myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion via PI3K/Akt-GSK-3β pathway?
Sufentanil postconditioning can induce myocardial protection by activating the PI3K/Akt-GSK-3β pathway and modulating Bax and Bcl-2 expression.
Shifting costs from insurer to physicians through managed care appears to reduce diagnostic testing for URIs and acute bronchitis, but does not decrease excessive use of antibiotics and may actually increase antibiotic use for URIs.