Cigarette smoking and prostatism: a biphasic association?
These data from a community-based sample suggest that light or moderate smokers are less likely to have moderate to severe prostatism, whereas heavy smokers are at least as likely to have moderate to severe prostatism compared with never-smokers.
These findings indicate that patients with BPD have significant alterations in their physiological stress reactivity, which is notably distinct from patients with CPD and those of healthy controls.