Does methylphenidate normalize frontocingulate underactivation during error processing in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
MPH normalized brain dysfunction in medication-naive ADHD boys relative to control subjects in typical brain areas of performance monitoring, comprising left ventrolateral and dorsomedial frontal and parietal cortices. This could underlie the amelioration of MPH of attention and academic performance in ADHD.
We found 2 known functional variants involved in the metabolism of alcohol and tobacco by-products as the most significant risk factors for the development of ESCC in a Japanese population. The individuals carrying both risk genotypes have a higher baseline risk of ESCC that is substantially increased by 2 lifestyle risk factors.