Does protein kinase A-dependent spinal α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionate-receptor trafficking mediate capsaicin-induced colon-urethra cross-organ reflex sensitization?
Delivery of AMPAR-containing Glu receptor 1 subunits to the membranes of lumbosacral DH neurons through a PKA-dependent pathway contributes to noxious stimulation-induced synaptic strengthening, which plays roles in colon-urethra reflex sensitization.
The pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β inhibited mineralization and osteogenic-/dentinogenic-related gene expression in SCAPs in vitro after long-term culturing. However, these cytokines induced cell proliferation and mineralization in short-term culture probably as a protective response. These findings help to elucidate the impact of inflammation on tooth development.