Does conventional transbronchial needle aspiration decrease the rate of surgical sampling of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy?
Conventional TBNA using large-bore needles with both cytology and surgical pathology evaluation decreases the need for surgical sampling of the mediastinum to diagnose thoracic lymphadenopathy.
Cigarette smoking is a major public health problem in this high mountain community of Pakistan, particularly among the male population, the majority of whom begin to smoke quite early in life. A comprehensive tobacco control effort incorporated into the existing community based health infrastructure is needed.