Is estradiol 17beta inhibition of LDL oxidation and endothelial cell cytotoxicity opposed by progestins to different degrees?
Progestins promote LDL oxidation and, conjointly, endothelial cell cytotoxicity. Progestins oppose the antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of estrogen when given in combination. MPA and LNG have the strongest prooxidant and cytotoxic effects, which may limit the cardiovascular benefit of estrogen during combined administration in vivo.
The present study suggests a possible effect of nicergoline to increase substance P level in ischaemic stroke patients with partial damage to basal ganglia, who have a decreased swallowing response and consequent risk of aspiration pneumonia. Further trials of nicergoline treatment in patients at risk for aspiration pneumonia are warranted.