Does clenbuterol induce hypertrophy of the latissimus dorsi muscle and heart in the rat with molecular and phenotypic changes?
Clenbuterol induces significant hypertrophy of the LDM associated with specific changes in cardiac gene expression.
Contrary to the image that athletes do not use psychoactive drugs, this review suggests that a number of athletic subgroups are at increased risk for marijuana use. Surprisingly, a common rationale for use appears to be to enhance sports performance. As in the general population, experimentation starts early-in pre-adolescence-at an age that prevention and guidance programs could have positive influences. (Am J Addict 2016;25:518-528).