Do histamine H1-receptor antagonists inhibit nuclear factor-kappaB and activator protein-1 activities via H1-receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms?
Repression of NF-kappaB and AP-1 activities by H1-receptor antagonists involves H1-receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms but not 5-LO.
Xanomeline increased extracellular levels of dopamine, which is similar to the effects of the atypical antipsychotics clozapine and olanzapine. The regional pattern of immediate early gene expression induced by xanomeline resembled that of atypical antipsychotic agents. Based on the antipsychotic-like activity of xanomeline in Alzheimer's patients and the similarity to atypical antipsychotic agents, we suggest that xanomeline may be a novel antipsychotic agent.