Osteopontin-mediated myocardial fibrosis in heart failure: a role for lysyl oxidase?
An excess of OPN is associated with increased LOX and insoluble collagen, as well as with LV stiffness and systolic dysfunction in patients with HHD and HF. In addition, OPN up-regulates LOX in human fibroblasts. It is suggested that the OPN-LOX axis might facilitate the formation of insoluble collagen (i.e. stiff and resistant to degradation) and the subsequent alteration in LV mechanical properties and function in patients with HHD and HF.
The use of self-expanding coated stents in pretreated esophageal tumors is associated with a high risk of perforation due to pressure of the indwelling tube in a less resistant esophageal wall.