Does breast tumor heterogeneity necessitate further immunohistochemical staining on surgical specimens?
The heterogeneous distribution of antigens in breast cancer tumors raises concern that the CNB may not adequately represent the true biologic profile in all patients. There is strong concordance for tumor type, ER, and PR between CNB and SS (although a quantitative decline was noted from CNB to SS); however, HER2 activity does not appear to be adequately detected on CNB in patients with heterogeneous tumors. These data suggest that IHC testing on the CNB alone may not be adequate to tailor targeted therapy in all patients.
The presence of MA or a higher level of urinary albumin excretion was inversely associated with cognitive function in participants with PAD.