Does local application of volatile anesthetics attenuate the response to a mechanical stimulus in humans?
Low liquid volumes of volatile anesthetics, when applied locally to the skin, did not influence the response to a mechanical stimulus, but higher volumes attenuated this response.
After SS/SS in humans, circulating MDSCs are persistently increased, functionally immunosuppressive, and associated with adverse outcomes. This novel observation warrants further studies. As observed in cancer immunotherapy, MDSCs could be a novel component in multimodality immunotherapy targeting detrimental inflammation and immunosuppression after SS/SS to improve currently observed dismal long-term outcomes.