Evaluation of vaginal infections in adolescent women: can it be done without a speculum?
Vaginal infections can be adequately diagnosed without a speculum. Once urine-based diagnosis of gonorrhea and chlamydia becomes well established, it may be possible to perform evaluations for uncomplicated genitourinary complaints without using a speculum.
Patients had excellent survival and few thromboembolic and bleeding complications after composite aortic root replacement. These data supporting minimal morbidity in the setting of well-established durability should be used to put alternative procedures, such as valve-preserving aortic root reconstruction, into context.