Is the zebrafish forkhead transcription factor FoxH1/Fast1 a modulator of nodal signaling required for organizer formation?
FoxH1 is involved in regulatory feedback loops that control the duration and intensity of Nodal signals in early patterning. In zebrafish, FoxH1 is not essential to induce Nodal-dependent cell fates, but its function is central in modulating and enhancing morphogenetic Nodal signals.
Female rats are less sensitive to morphine analgesia of visceral pain than male rats. This study demonstrates that estrogen decreases the analgesic potency of peripheral and supraspinal but not spinal morphine in a model of visceral pain and may be a key factor contributing to the sex difference in micro-opioid analgesia.