Variations in surgical rates in Quebec: does access to teaching hospitals make a difference?
The overall consistency of the observed variations with those of previous studies invites a closer look at the practice patterns and the scientific basis of the clinical decisions associated with procedures showing high variations in rates. The lack of a systematic relation between the surgical rates and the level of access to teaching hospitals challenges the belief that remote regions are underserved with respect to the procedures studied.
Intratumoral IL-12 and TNF-alpha loaded PLAM leads to both local eradication of tumor and the induction of specific anti-tumor T-cells in the lymph nodes and spleens, resulting in memory immune response. Neoadjuvant treatment was significantly superior to postoperative autologous cellular vaccines using IL-12 and TNF-alpha PLAM.