Is vitamin D receptor gene ApaI polymorphism associated with susceptibility to colorectal cancer?
These findings suggest that VDR ApaI genotype "aa" is associated with increased risk of CRC in the Iranian population. However, these data remain to be confirmed in larger studies and in other populations.
Despite the limited number of cases, our study demonstrated the advantage of the new forceps (BIGopsy) in obtaining a valid biopsy of upper urinary tract urothelial tumors. Therefore, we recommend it in evaluating this pathology for optimal treatment.