Does a long-term study on the setting reaction of glass ionomer cement by ( 27 ) Al MAS-NMR spectroscopy?
Our data demonstrate that the setting reaction of GICs can be followed by (27)Al MAS-NMR spectroscopy discovering the conversion of Al(IV) to Al(VI). Considerable amount of the five coordinate aluminium, Al(V), species was found in the cements aged up to one year. The presence of phosphorus has a strong influence on the setting reaction. The formation of Al-O-P species was postulated to be present in the cement.
Our results suggest that MGF-E peptide possesses potential anti-inflammatory effects, induces cell apoptosis and facilitates repair of OA-FLS. Therefore, MGF-E peptide may have therapeutic potential in patients with OA.