Does anticipation of magnetic and electrical stimuli impair maximal voluntary force production?
This study demonstrates that in familiarized subjects, knowing a stimulus (EMS, PNS or TMS) will occur does not impair maximal force or EMG produced despite differences in discomfort associated with the stimulus modalities. These techniques can be used to investigate central drive and peripheral function, at least for intensities comparable to those employed in the present study.
In critically ill patients, there was a reduction in hemoglobin with increasing length of ICU stay. Moreover, transfusion was associated with worse prognoses.