Laparoscopic emergency surgery for diverticular disease that failed medical treatment: a valuable option?
Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery for patients in whom medical treatment for complicated diverticular disease failed is associated with favorable outcomes, including a reduced rate of morbidity and a shorter length of stay. When applied to selected patients, this approach appears to be a safe procedure with a low rate of conversion.
Thus, cholinergic pathways play a pivotal role in the development of pulmonary infections after acute central nervous system injury.