Does preoperative treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin in infancy decrease the severity of proximal hypospadias and chordee?
HCG pretreatment in infancy produces disproportional penile enlargement, which advances the meatus distally to decrease the severity of hypospadias and chordee. This response pattern simplifies the required surgical procedure and appears to improve surgical results. It may benefit select patients, and provide insights into the endocrinopathy of hypospadias and the embryopathy of the hypospadias-chordee complex.
Preoperative CXR did not identify pulmonary metastasis and did not change planned treatment strategies. We suggest that CXR has no added value in the routine workup of patients with a primary melanoma.