Is alcohol consumption directly associated with carotid intima-media thickness in Finnish young adults : the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study?
We found a direct relationship between alcohol consumption and carotid IMT in young adults. This association was independent of cardiovascular risk factors suggesting that in young healthy adults alcohol consumption may have pro-atherogenic effects.
A total of 390 patients (mean age: 58.0 ± 11.9 yr; 66.9% male) undergoing PN (44.6% open, 55.4% robotic) for low- (28%), moderate- (55.6%), and high-complexity (16.4%) tumors (mean tumor size: 3.74 ± 2.4 cm; median: 3.2 cm) from 2007 to 2010 were identified. Tumor size, estimated blood loss, and ischemia time all significantly differed (p<0.0001) between groups; patient age, body mass index (BMI), and operative time were comparable. When stratified by CCS, minor and major complication rates for all patients were 26.7% and 11.5%, respectively. Minor complication rates were comparable (26.6 vs. 24.9 vs 32.8%; p=0.45), whereas major complication rates differed (6.4 vs. 11.1 vs. 21.9%; p=0.009) among tumor complexity groups. Controlling for age, gender, BMI, type of surgical approach, operative duration, and tumor complexity, prolonged operative time (odds ratio [OR]: 1.01; confidence interval [CI], 1.0-1.02) and high tumor complexity (OR: 5.4; CI, 1.2-24.2) were associated with the postoperative development of a major complication. Lack of external validation is a limitation of this study.