Are astragaloside IV and cycloastragenol equally effective in inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the endothelium?
Astragaloside IV and cycloastragenol suppressed ROS-associated ER stress and then inhibited TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation with regulation of AMPK activity, and thereby ameliorated endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation and reducing cell apoptosis. Simultaneous investigations further showed that astragaloside IV and cycloastragenol were equally effective in regulation of endothelial homeostasis.
These results confirm the detrimental effects of passive TSE and active heavy smoke during pregnancy for infants' respiratory health, since the exposure significantly increases the risk of hospitalization for bronchiolitis in the first year of life.