Is calpain 3 gene expression in skeletal muscle associated with body fat content and measures of insulin resistance?
Lower levels of expression of calpain 3 in skeletal muscle were associated with reduced carbohydrate oxidation and elevated circulating glucose and insulin concentrations, and also with increased body fat and in particular abdominal fat. Therefore, reduced expression of calpain 3 in both humans and Psammomys obesus was associated with phenotypes related to obesity and insulin resistance.
AD-arch dissections are associated with a higher risk of cardiac and neurologic events, need for early intervention, and dissection-related death than AD-desc dissections. Because further proximal dissections into the ascending aorta were rare in this study, medical management appears to be safe as the initial treatment of AD-arch dissections. However, surgeons should be aware of the increased risk of complications and the potential need for urgent interventions in these patients.