Are type I collagen turnover and cross-linking increased in irradiated skin of breast cancer patients?
Radiotherapy induces a long-term increase in the turnover of type I collagen and leads to the accumulation of cross-linked type I collagen in skin.
When bonding with APC™II Victory Series™ brackets without primer was shown statistically to be non-inferior to bonding with primer (P =0.08). There was no significant difference in bond-up times. Bond failure was more likely to happen at the composite-enamel interface when bonded without a primer.