Is there detrimental gender bias in preoperative cardiac management of patients undergoing vascular surgery?
These findings indicate that apparent gender bias in the preoperative cardiac management of this group of women who underwent vascular surgery may have had no detrimental effect on short- and long-term incidence of cardiac death and complications, and may represent sound clinical judgment rather than true bias. However, the possibility that female patients might have had even better short- and long-term cardiac results if they had undergone more preoperative cardiac revascularization cannot be discounted.
In sinus rhythm HF patients, acute CP application in addition to CRT decreases HR and contributes to myocardial contractility and CO improvement without deleterious impact on ventricular synchronicity.