Is polyubiquitin a new phenotypic marker of contractile vascular smooth muscle cells?
The greater expression of a UbC polyubiquitin transcript in contractile, differentiated VSMCs compared with proliferating, synthetic VSMCs provides a new gene marker for the phenotypic characterisation of VSMCs in vivo. This, and the finding that the developmental induction of expression of polyubiquitin (UbC) mirrors that of VSMC contractile proteins, suggests that ubiquitin, a protein known to associate with and degrade contractile proteins in skeletal muscle, is involved in the function or maintenance of the contractile phenotype of VSMCs.
Marginal bone loss and the aesthetic outcomes were not significantly different between AC and MC restorations in this short-term follow-up study, though inflammatory reactions in the peri-implant mucosa as well as less optimal marginal adaptation were more frequently registered for all-ceramic compared to the metal-ceramic crowns.