Do single mutations in the transmembrane envelope protein abrogate the immunosuppressive property of HIV-1?
These findings indicate that the isu domain of gp41 modulates cytokine expression in vitro and suppresses antibody response in vivo and therefore may contribute to the virus induced immunodeficiency.
A strategy of frequent intraarticular steroid injection does not greatly increase, through added risk of joint replacement, the risk inherent in continued disease activity for patients with established RA. Frequent corticosteroid injection may offer some chondroprotection when the alternative is continuous disease activity.