Do better executive functions buffer the effect of current parental depression on adolescent depressive symptoms?
Executive functions may protect against adolescent depression in the presence of a parental depressive episode. It may be beneficial to target executive functions in preventive programs for individuals at high-risk for depression.
An exponential growth of cellular density was observed for both untreated and irradiated cells being, however, about 2-times slower in irradiated compared to untreated cells. In contrast the density increase of chemo-treated cells as well as that of cells, which underwent the combined CT/RT treatment was of linear nature. ABC-1 expression was detected in untreated as well as treated cells. Increasing cell density and all kinds of treatment resulted in a considerably enhanced ABC-1 expression. CT treatment resulted in highly up-regulated ABC-1 expression especially in non-confluent cultures compared to untreated cells. Irradiation had a comparable or even higher inducible effect on the ABC-1 expression rates depending, however, on cell density. The highest expression rates were observed in cultures with high cellular density 2 hours after application of the combined treatment. Strong up-regulation of ABC-1 expression under both irradiation and chemo-treatment might be a clue to multidrug and irradiation cross-resistance mechanisms of malignant glioma cells converting the ABC-1 transporter into an attractive pharmacological target for a clinical breakthrough in the therapy of malignant gliomas.