Are resistance mutations rare among protease inhibitor treatment-naive hepatitis C genotype-1 patients with or without HIV coinfection?
Baseline HCV NS3 amino acid substitutions identified herein are considered mostly natural polymorphisms with no clinical impact on PI-based therapy. The identified resistance mutations may be associated with low-level resistance to PIs in vitro. Q80K substitution seems to be a rare event in Brazil. HIV coinfection was not associated with a greater frequency of such substitutions in the studied sample.
Oxygen desaturation is common after upper abdominal surgery, and the risk factors are obesity, a subcostal incision, and neuraxial opioid administration.