Does hIV-1 induce B-cell activation and class switch recombination via spleen tyrosine kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways?
Therefore, we showed that HIV-1 could directly induce primary B-cell deregulation via SYK/B-cell receptor (BCR) engagement, and that activation was followed by the JNK pathway activation. To our knowledge, these data provide the first evidence that SYK/BCR activation was the first step for B-cell activation and CSR mechanism after HIV-1 stimulation in a T-cell-free context.
ZIP4 may play a role in the acquisition of zinc by hepatocellular carcinomas, and potentially many different cancerous cell-types, leading to repressed apoptosis, enhanced growth rate and enhanced invasive behavior.