Does rIP3 expression induce a death profile change in U2OS osteosarcoma cells after 5-ALA-PDT?
Expression of RIP3 in U2OS cells led to a better survival but also to a death profile change in response to PDT. The apoptotic and autophagic pathways were clearly up-regulated compared to the RIP3-deficient wild type cells. However, induction of necrosis was weaker in the RIP3-U2OS cells. In this context, autophagy is likely to play a protective role against PDT-induced cell death and to allow a better survival of RIP3-U2OS cells. This work also highlights the important role played by RIP3 in the apoptotic pathway, although the modalities are still widely unknown.
A specific vasospasmolytic effect of acupuncture could not be proven. This may be due to minor morphologic changes of supplying arteries or a severe local defect in endothelial function rather than a neurological disturbance which might be influenced by acupuncture. Much larger studies would be needed to identify the possible small benefit from acupuncture. If long-term relief is not obtained, it is unlikely to be cost-effective.