Does bile duct ligation in rats induce biliary expression of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant?
Biliary cells contribute to hepatic inflammation during cholestasis by producing neutrophil chemoattractants. A major stimulus to biliary chemoattractant production in vivo may be bile itself.
The long-term inhibition of intestinal lipase by orlistat increases the pre-prandial levels of GLP-1 and PYY, independent of body mass changes. Therefore, it seems that long-term treatment with orlistat may exert hunger suppressing and insulin sensitizing incretin effect beyond weight reduction.