Do epidural and intravenous fentanyl produce equivalent effects during major surgery?
There appears to be no clinical advantage to epidural administration of fentanyl over intravenous administration during anesthesia for major surgery.
Glutamine prevents A/R injury of HK-2 cells through induction of HO-1 via a p38MAPK-dependent pathway, which plays a key role in the cytoprotective effect of glutamine.