Do hepatoma cells up-regulate expression of programmed cell death-1 on T cells?
PD-1 expression on Jurkat cells is up-regulated by hepatoma cells, cytokines and cytotoxic action are elevated after PD-1/PD-L1 is blocked.
Cholestasis significantly increases liver stiffness assessed by ARFI. Therefore, it is important to exclude profound cholestasis when using ARFI for evaluating patients for liver fibrosis.