Does tumor necrosis factor-α play an initiating role in extracorporeal circulation-induced acute lung injury?
We concluded that TNF-α played an important role in the pathogenesis of ALI and acted as an initiating cytokine at the early stage of ECC-induced ALI.
In the session where all three cigarettes had the higher yield, larger increase in HR after smoking the first than the second or third cigarettes indicates tachyphylaxis. The HR response in the other session was smaller for the third cigarette than the first cigarette, indicating that a period greater than 80 min would be needed before the HR response was fully restored.