Does predictive models of syncope cause in an outpatient clinic?
A standardized work-up focusing on non invasive tests allows to establish more than three quarters of syncope causes. Predictive models based on simple clinical parameters may help to distinguish between rhythmic and other causes of syncope.
TGF-beta1 is a potent growth inhibitor of USMCs and its activity can be enhanced by caveolae ablation. These findings suggest a role for TGF-beta1 in the growth regulation of normal ureteral cells and implicate caveolar membrane domains in the negative regulation of TGF-beta1 signaling. These studies may be relevant to ureteral pathologies that are characterized by smooth muscle dysplasia.