Is alteration of cholinergic and peptidergic neurotransmitters in rat ileum induced by acute stress following transient intestinal infection mast cell dependent?
The imbalance of ACh/SP, together with the activation of mucosal immunity induced by post-infection ACRS were lacking in mast cell deficient rats, which supports the premise that mast cells play an important role in cholinergic and peptidergic remodeling in the ileum of rats.
Patients in the rhythm control arm had fewer HF symptoms than those in the rate control arm. Stable sinus rhythm was associated with the best functional status. Patients who are the most symptomatic in AF but are unable to maintain normal sinus rhythm if treated by the means used in the AFFIRM trial may be candidates for other treatment options, such as ablation.