Do women in Pakistan have a greater burden of clinical cardiovascular risk factors than men?
Potentially modifiable factors including obesity and saturated fat intake are associated with increased prevalence of CVD risk factors. The high burden of multiple CVD risk factors in women compared to men highlight the need for targeting this vulnerable segment of population in CVD prevention programs in Pakistan, and, possibly neighbouring countries.
Elevated plasma levels of Lp(a) can be considered an additional independent factor associated with thickening of the common carotid arteries in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia but not in those with moderate hypercholesterolemia or in normocholesterolemic subjects.