Does high glucose alter the response of mesangial cell protein kinase C isoforms to endothelin-1?
In HG, the enhanced activation of mesangial cell MAPK by ET-1 is PKC dependent and associated with altered translocation of PKC-delta and PKC-epsilon. Enhanced mesangial cell signaling responsiveness to vasoactive peptides in HG may constitute an important mechanism contributing to diabetic nephropathy.
We conclude, therefore, that for carpal tunnel operation under iv regional anesthesia, the combination of tramadol and lidocaine is not more effective than lidocaine alone.