Does esophageal epithelial and mesenchymal cross-talk lead to features of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in vitro?
Esophageal epithelial cell and fibroblast cross-talk contributes to esophageal fibrosis. Our results suggest that features of EMT can develop independent of TGF-β and granulocytes, which may have important implications in treatment of EoE.
A set of structured recommendations and approaches are suggested to help standardize clinical practice and teaching of ultrasound-guided upper extremity nerve blocks. Additional emphasis is placed on the discussion of nerve blocks in outpatient surgery.