Are higher plasma IGF-1 levels associated with increased delta sleep in healthy older men?
We conclude that age-adjusted IGF levels in healthy senior men co-vary significantly with SWS and the delta energy that characterizes it.
With long fusions to the sacrum, one should anticipate more perioperative complications, a higher pseudarthrosis rate, and perhaps more revision surgery than short fusions. Short fusions may result in a more proximal junctional kyphosis, only rarely requiring revision surgery.