Does conditioned placebo analgesia persist when subjects know they are receiving a placebo?
This article demonstrates a form of placebo analgesia that relies on prior conditioning rather than current expected pain relief. This highlights the importance of prior experience on pain relief and offers insight into the variability of placebo effects across individuals.
Our findings indicate that Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays an important role in breast cancer progression through p68 upregulation.