Are endogenous interleukin ( IL ) -1 alpha and IL-1 beta crucial for host defense against disseminated candidiasis?
Although IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta have differential effects on the various arms of host defense, both cytokines are essential for mounting a protective host response against invasive C. albicans infection.
Our data suggest that 26.5% out of patients with primary IgAN will develop recurrence within 5 yr after transplantation. Latent IgA deposition from the donor kidney was one of the risk factors of r-IgAN and it would lead to the development of r-IgAN. Moreover, r-IgAN will compromise graft survival, especially in cases with latent IgA deposition from the donor kidney.