Does surgery for gastric cancer increase plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and von Willebrand factor?
Because VEGF and vWf are involved in angiogenesis, tumor-platelet adhesion, and tumor-endothelial cell adhesion, surgical intervention could influence tumor growth and metastasis.
Abnormal S1-root H-reflexes reveal lesions at the S1 root in patients with normal tibial H-reflexes; therefore, enhancing diagnostic sensitivity. The appearance of the H-reflex to L4/L5-level stimulation in patient with absent H-reflex to S1-foramen stimulation further localises the site of S1 nerve-root lesion to the L5/S1 spine level. Thus, H-reflex to S1-root stimulation significantly increases the diagnostic sensitivity for S1 radiculopathy.