Are beta-blockers associated with increased risk of first cardiovascular events in non-diabetic hypertensive elderly patients?
In real-world settings, antihypertensive therapies that include BBs are associated with less effective prevention of adverse outcomes in elderly hypertensive patients in primary prevention compared with antihypertensive therapies without BBs. Pending further studies, we recommend caution when prescribing BBs in primary prevention except when otherwise indicated.
Our findings identify a novel and important role of eNOS in chondrocyte proliferation and endochondral bone growth and demonstrate that loss of eNOS results in premature cell cycle exit and prehypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation during cartilage development.