Are patient ratings of spasticity during daily activities only marginally associated with long-term surface electromyography?
Patient ratings of the level of spasticity appear poorly associated with spasticity in terms of involuntary muscle activity assessed with long-term sEMG recordings. It is likely that other factors such as pain and cognitions are also incorporated in these patient ratings. Clinicians are therefore strongly advised to perform complementary objective assessments using long-term sEMG recordings.
In canines with HF, long-term, open-looped low levels of VNS therapy improves LV systolic function, prevents progressive LV enlargement, and improves biomarkers of HF when compared with control animals that did not receive therapy.