Analysis of collateral blood flow to the lower body during selective cerebral perfusion: is three-vessel perfusion better than two-vessel perfusion?
Visceral organs were perfused to some extent through collaterals and protected from ischemia during SCP. Left subclavian arterial perfusion enabled significant CBF to the lower body. Considering this CBF, three-vessel perfusion appears to be better than two-vessel perfusion during SCP; however, the choice of perfusion technique may not be so important under conditions of hypothermia because the difference in CBF between the two methods was small.
Dual-chamber pacing therapy for the relief of symptoms caused by dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction has a limited role because of the availability of more definitive therapies; less than 50% long-term symptom relief; less than 20% long-term relief from a combined end point of death, symptoms, surgery, residual gradient, or a combination of these; and the inability to appropriately identify those patients most likely to derive benefit.