Is fluid ingestion really necessary during ultrasonography for detecting ureteral stones?
This prospective randomized study showed that the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for detection of middle ureteral stones increased significantly when performed without any water ingestion before the procedure. We recommend that patients thought to have ureteral stones should be first examined without any fluid ingestion.
ER expression is a common feature of SBT and MMBT, but not MIBT. The relevance of ER expression in the pathogenesis and treatment of OBTs requires further investigation.