A twin study of depression and nicotine dependence: shared liability or causal relationship?
The phenotypic association between MD and FTND is likely due to both a causal relationship, wherein increasing levels of nicotine dependence increase one's risk for depression, and to a shared genetic liability between the two.
Passive antibody transfer, but not vaccination, protected A beta o/o mice against ocular challenge. In contrast, vaccination completely protected beta(2)mo/o mice. These results suggest for a vaccine to provide optimal protection against ocular HSV-1 challenge in this system, it is not only sufficient, but it is also required, that the vaccine induce an effective neutralizing antibody response.