Does pulmonary valve implantation using self-expanding tissue valve without cardiopulmonary bypass reduce operation time and blood product use?
Off-pump pulmonary valve implantation is a good alternative for pulmonary valve replacement. The procedure reduces operating time, blood loss, and blood product requirement.
TNF-alpha can contribute to enhanced SP-D production in the lung indirectly through inducing IL-13. SP-D, on the other hand, can antagonize the proinflammatory effects of TNF-alpha on macrophages and dendritic cells, at least partly, by inhibiting production of this cytokine.