Is there an increase in the number of compulsory admissions of mentally ill patients in European Union Member States?
The relatively steady compulsory admission quotas suggest no real increase of coercion regarding admission to psychiatric inpatient care. Increasing compulsory admission rates rather reflect changing overall patterns of providing psychiatric service, tending towards decreased length of hospital stays, and more frequent readmissions.
Wide differences in pain behaviors, including those resulting from the injection of formalin, can be observed in inbred strains of mice suggesting strong genetic influences. Correlating levels of gene expression in tissues established to be mechanistically implicated in the expression of specific behaviors can identify genes involved in the behaviors of interest. Comparing formalin late phase behavior levels with spinal cord gene expression yielded several plausible gene candidates, including the Mapk8 gene. Additional molecular and pharmacologic evidence confirmed a functional role for this gene in supporting formalin late phase responses.