Does 5-azacytidine induce transcriptome changes in Escherichia coli via DNA methylation-dependent and DNA methylation-independent mechanisms?
Our data indicate that 5-azacytidine can influence gene expression by at least two distinct mechanisms: DNA methylation loss and a mechanism that is independent of DNA methylation loss. In addition, we have identified new targets of 5-methylcytosine-mediated regulation of gene expression. In summary, our data indicate that 5-azacytidine impacts the composition of the bacterial transcriptome, and the primary effect is increased gene expression at early stationary phase.
For the diagnosis of scrotal disorders, the basic clinical evaluation usually provides the correct diagnosis. However, US and CFD are useful adjuncts which cause a minimal burden to the patient and that in most cases will lead to the correct diagnosis, especially with important diagnoses like testicular torsion, when US and CFD should be performed immediately. If this does not provide a clear diagnosis, the patient should be explored surgically.