Does inhibition by glucose or leptin of hypothalamic neurons expressing neuropeptide Y require changes in AMP-activated protein kinase activity?
Changes in AMPK activity are involved in the responses of glucose-inhibited neurons to large fluctuations in glucose concentration, and possibly also to leptin. This mechanism may contribute to the acute reduction of electrical activity and Ca(2+) oscillation frequency in these, but not other neurons, in the basomedial hypothalamus.
The association between reduced serum AAT concentration and HIV infection is consistent with a role for AAT as an endogenous HIV suppressor.