Does selective heart rate reduction with ivabradine unload the left ventricle in heart failure patients?
Isolated HR reduction by ivabradine improves TAC, thus reducing Ea. Because Ees is unaltered, improved ventricular-arterial coupling is responsible for increased SV. Therefore, unloading of the heart may contribute to the beneficial effect of isolated HR reduction in patients with systolic heart failure.
These data demonstrate that Hep III enhances the pro-atherosclerotic characteristics in HUVECs induced by ox-LDL.