Does cilostazol protect endothelial cells against lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis through ERK1/2- and P38 MAPK-dependent pathways?
Cilostazol protects HUVECs against LPS-induced apoptosis by suppressing mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling. Activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs, and subsequent stimulation of CREB phosphorylation and Bcl-2 expression, may be responsible for the cellular signaling mechanism of cilostazol-mediated protection.
The utilization rate of all mammography showed a substantial 48% increase between 1996 and 2005, and an 11% increase in screening mammography was seen between 2000 and 2005. Although the increase in mammography utilization is encouraging, the 2005 rate of 39,363 per 100,000 female Medicare beneficiaries seems to be well below American Cancer Society recommendations.