Does molecular profiling of stroma identify osteopontin as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma?
The study identifies clinically relevant genomic alterations in the stroma of ICC, including candidate biomarkers for prognosis, supporting the idea that tumor stroma is an important factor for ICC onset and progression.
Whilst follistatin expression is unchanged, FLRG is down-regulated in endometrial carcinoma. As activin A is a differentiation factor of human endometrium, the present findings support an imbalance between increased activin A and decreased FLRG expression in endometrial cancer, so that the failure of the activin A pathway through FLRG may be pivotal in endometrial tumorigenesis.