Does the migrating gubernaculum grow like a `` limb bud ''?
These studies, although preliminary, suggest limb bud regulators are essential for gubernacular growth. Hox genes and Fgfs may be fruitful areas of research to unravel the molecular control of gubernacular migration during testicular descent.
GATA-4 overexpression increases Ito, IKDR, IK1, INa.TTX and ICa.L currents in MSC. Cytokine (VGEF and IGF-1) release from GATA-4 overexpressing MSC can partially account for the upregulated ion channel mRNA expression.