Does visual field coordinate of pupillary circular axis and optical axis?
On average, the PCAx is displaced from the line-of-sight by about the same angle as the optical axis, but there is more intersubject variation in the position of the optical axis. When modeling the optical performance of the eye, it appears reasonable to assume that the pupil is circular when viewed along the line-of-sight.
This study identifies the presence of CSF-1R+ M2-polarised macrophages localising to sites of branching morphogenesis and increasing in number during the alveolarisation stage of normal lung development. Improved understanding of the role of macrophages in lung developmental regulation has clinical relevance for addressing neonatal inflammatory perturbation of development and highlights macrophage modulation as a potential intervention to promote lung development.