Are homocysteine levels associated with increased risk of congestive heart failure in patients with and without coronary artery disease?
High HCY levels (Q3/4 > or =13.3 micromol/l) are associated with LVD and combined endpoint of LVD/clinical CHF. This relationship is independent of CHF etiology and gender. Further research is indicated to distinguish between a causal or noncausal mechanism for this association.
Overall, these results show an increased risk of melanoma with increasing number of sunburns during all life-periods, not just childhood. Prevention efforts should focus on reducing sunburns during all life-periods.