Is podocyte foot process effacement in very early phase of passive Heymann nephritis a prerequisite for proteinuria?
These findings indicate that complement-independent foot process effacement related to decreased expression of alpha 3 beta 1-integrin in a very early phase of PHN is not a prerequisite for proteinuria, and the deterioration of foot process effacement related to actin reorganization after the onset of albuminuria might be a secondary response to proteinuria.
TAP examination can be used to detect urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, and would be helpful in the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder by combining the clinical signs and symptoms.