Does the concentration of isoflurane required to suppress learning depend on the type of learning?
Suppression of fear conditioning to tone required approximately twice the isoflurane concentration that suppressed fear conditioning to context. Thus, the concentration of anesthetic required to suppress learning may depend on the neural substrates of learning. Our results suggest that isoflurane concentrations greater than 0.5 MAC may be needed to suppress both forms of fear conditioning.
Food insecurity is associated with prevalent HIV, STIs, and illicit drug use among men in the United States. Further research is needed to establish whether and through what mechanisms improved food security may help prevent new HIV infections.