Does transduodenal ampullectomy provide a less invasive technique to cure early ampullary cancer?
TDA could produce satisfactory clinical efficiency in patients fulfilled the following criteria simultaneously: pTis or pT1 stage, tumor size ≤ 2 cm, without lymph node metastasis. To achieve favorable outcomes, intraoperative frozen section examinations should be reliable and resection margins should be negative.
Sperm obtained by electroejaculation have low motility and reduced fertilization potential. Nevertheless, ICSI should be offered to improve the possibility of successful pregnancy.