Does maternal smoking affect fetal size as measured in the mid-second trimester?
Tobacco-induced fetal growth restriction probably begins after gestational week 17.
Chronic PS induces the infiltration of bone marrow-derived microglia into PVN, and it is conceivable that the MCP-1/CCR2 axis in PVN and the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in bone marrow are involved in this mechanism.