Are women at greater risk than men for malpositioning of the endotracheal tube after emergent intubation?
Emergent endotracheal intubations result in a significant occurrence of malpositioned endotracheal tubes that are undetected by clinical evaluation. Malpositioning is not detected by routine clinical assessment, but only by chest radiograph. Women are at greater risk than men for endotracheal tube malpositioning after emergent intubation; in women, the endotracheal tube is more likely to be positioned too close to the carina. A chest radiograph for confirmation of endotracheal tube position after emergent intubation should remain the standard of practice.
Increased MVD in PEN type has an intimate causal relationship to angiogenic factors, high VEGF and iNOS expression. The SUP type, in contrast, has characteristics of low angiogenesis.