The foot in type 2 diabetes: is there a link between vascular calcification and bone mineral density?
There is no clear-cut association between FVC and low BMD in type 2 DM with relatively well-preserved renal function. Age, neuropathy, eGFR, hyperlipidemia, body-weight, 25 hydroxyvitamin D and OPG play a complex role in their pathogenesis.
PPV almost always results in a reduction and often complete disappearance of DME as evidenced by ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein-angiography. Most importantly, central visual acuity often increases, sometimes to a very large extent with dramatic improvement in quality of life of the patients.