Are pI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways involved in IGF-1-induced VEGF-C upregulation in breast cancer?
This study identified that PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways were involved in IGF-1-induced VEGF-C up-regulation and suggested their important roles in lymphatic metastasis in breast cancer.
Blood flow in ulnar arteries can be severely restricted during wrist extension. By using Doppler ultrasound, the ulnar artery may provide a good model of local joint movement effects on arterial blood flow.