Is airflow limitation in smokers associated with subclinical atherosclerosis?
Smokers with airflow limitation had exaggerated subclinical atherosclerosis. This study suggests that middle-aged men who are susceptible to COPD may also be susceptible to vascular atherosclerosis by smoking, and atherosclerotic change starts early in the disease process of COPD.
Our study shows a mortality rate of 100%. We identify predictive factors and a prognosis that may aid in the treatment of these patients.