Does pioglitazone prevent morphine antinociceptive tolerance via ameliorating neuroinflammation in rat cerebral cortex?
It is concluded that oral administration of pioglitazone attenuates morphine-induced tolerance. This effect of pioglitazone may be, at least in part, due to its anti-inflammatory property which suppressed the cortical pro-inflammatory cytokine and inhibited of nuclear factor-kappa B activity.
Low 25(OH)D levels are associated with increased liver damage and mortality in ALD. Our results suggest that vitamin D might be both a biomarker of severity and a potential therapeutic target in ALD.