Does Modern Management of Malignant Extracranial Disease Prolong Survival in Patients with ≥3 Brain Metastases?
Both the median and 10% survival times have increased in recent years among patients with more than 2 BM treated with GKS. Both linear and exponential regressions accurately expressed the increase in both median and 10% survival times during the years 1990-2010. Findings from other published data support the observation of longer survival times among patients treated more recently, independent of the patients being treated with GKS or with whole-brain radiation therapy with or without radiosurgery. Thus, earlier findings of short survival times for patients with multiple BM are no longer valid, at least not for patients deemed suitable for radiosurgery. Aggressive management is thus warranted for these patients.
Loss of LDH-B expression is an early and frequent event in human breast cancer occurring due to promoter methylation, and is likely to contribute to an enhanced glycolysis of cancer cells under hypoxia.