Does malleable endoscope increase surgical freedom compared with a rigid endoscope in endoscopic endonasal approaches to the parasellar region?
This study demonstrates that application of a malleable endoscope to transsphenoidal approaches to the parasellar region decreases instrument-endoscope conflict and improves surgical freedom.
Our studies suggest that proinflammatory MDSCs with their capacity to drive Th17 cell differentiation may be a critical pathogenic factor in autoimmune arthritis.