Are arm mechanical efficiency and arm exercise capacity relatively preserved in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
Mechanical efficiency and exercise capacity of the upper and lower limbs are not homogeneously affected in COPD, with a relative preservation of the upper limbs. This may have implications for screening of exercise tolerance and prescription of training interventions in patients with COPD. Future studies need to elucidate the mechanism behind this observation.
These data suggest that GA-13315 sensitizes multidrug-resistant cells at least partially by impeding the efflux function of ABCB1. The upregulation of Bax by GA-13315 may also contribute to the sensitizing action. The opposite effects of GA-13315 on different ATP-binding cassette transporters and their implications in overcoming drug resistance require further investigation.