Is the ankle brachial index associated with prognosis in patients with diabetic kidney disease?
PAD might be an additional risk factor for adverse outcomes in patients with diabetic kidney disease. Further prospective data are required to validate this conclusion.
The pilus islet is present in a minority of pneumococcal isolates recovered from human invasive infections and is therefore not an essential virulence factor in these infections. Carriage of the pilus islet is a clonal property of pneumococci that may vary between isolates expressing the same serotype and loss and acquisition of the islet may be ongoing.