Nikitin (Russian: Никитин), or Nikitina (feminine; Никитина) is a common Russian surname that derives from the male given name Nikita and literally means Nikita's. It may refer to:

Artists, musicians, authors
Yevgeny Nikitin (bass-baritone), bass-baritone
Ivan Nikitich Nikitin (c. 1690–1742), Russian painter
Gury Nikitin (1620–1691), Russian icon painter
Ivan Savvich Nikitin (1824–1861), Russian poet
Basil Nikitin (1885–1960), Russian orientalist and diplomat
Sergey Nikitin (musician), contemporary Russian composer, singer and bard
Tatyana Nikitina, contemporary Russian singer and composer (wife of musician Sergey Nikitin)
Victor Ivanovich Nikitin, Soviet soloist with the Alexandrov Ensemble
Yuri Nikitin (author), contemporary Russian sci-fi writer
Sergei Alekseevich Nikitin (b. 1950), Russian sculptor

Athletes
Andriy Nikitin, Ukrainian football player and manager
Larisa Nikitina, contemporary Russian heptathlete
Vera Nikitina, contemporary Soviet hurdling athlete
Yuri Nikitin (gymnast), Ukrainian trampolinist
Boris Nikitin, Georgian swimmer
Nikita Nikitin, Russian ice hockey player
Sarah Nikitin, Brazilian Archer
Diana Nikitina, Latvian Figure Skater

Scientists, engineers and architects
Boris Nikitin (1906–1952), Soviet radiochemist
Nikolai Nikitin (1907–1973), Soviet structural design and construction engineer
Vasilii Vasilyevich Nikitin (1901–1955), Soviet aircraft engineer
Tatiana Nikitina, linguist

Botanists
There are at least five botanists with this surname, shown here followed by their standard author abbreviations :Sergei Alekseevich Nikitin (1898–?)   S.A.Nikitin
Sergei Nikolaevic Nikitin (1850–1909)   Nikitin
Vasilii Vasilevich Nikitin (1906–1988)   V.V.Nikitin
Vladimir Alekseevich Nikitin (1906–1974)   V.A.Nikitin
Vladimir V. Nikitin (fl. 1996)   Vl.V.Nikitin

Others
Afanasiy Nikitin (died 1472), a Russian explorer and merchant
Alexander Nikitin, contemporary Russian environment activist and a dissident Navy officer
Alexey Petrovich Nikitin, Russian artillery officer of the Napoleonic Wars
Andrey Grigoryevich Nikitin (general) (1891–1957), Soviet general
Anfal Nikitin (fl. 1360), Novgorod boyar and ushkuynik
Basil Nikitin Soviet orientalist and diplomat
Nikolay Aleksandrovich Nikitin (general), (1900–1984), Soviet general
Vladilen Nikitin (1936–2021), Russian engineer and politician
Vladimir Nikitin, multiple people
Viktor Nikitin (1893–1933), Russian and Serbian pilot, killed in the first disaster of Yugoslav civil aviation