Cumbia
Cumbia refers to a number of musical rhythms and folk dance traditions of Latin America, generally involving musical and cultural elements from American Indigenous peoples, African slaves during colonial times, and Europeans. It is said to have come from funeral traditions in the Afro-Colombian community.
Cumbia traditionally uses three drums: tambora, tambor alegre, and lamador; three flutes: gaita hembra, gaito macho, and flauta de millo; and has a 22 or 24 meter. The sound of cumbia can be characterized as having a simple "chucu-chucu-chu" created by the guacharaca. The genre frequently incorporates brass instruments and piano.
In order to properly understand the interlocking relationship between cumbia’s roots and its pan-American (and then global) routes, Colombia’s geocultural complexities must first be taken into account.
Examples of cumbia include:

Colombian cumbia, is a musical rhythm and traditional folk dance from Colombia. It has elements of three different cultures, American Indigenous, African, and Spanish, being the result of the long and intense meeting of these cultures during the Conquest and the Colony. The Colombian cumbia is the origin of all the other variations, including the tradition of dancing it with candles in the dancers' hands.
Panamanian cumbia, Panamanian folk dance and musical genre, developed by enslaved people of African descent during colonial times and later syncretized with American Indigenous and European cultural elements.

Regional adaptations of Colombian cumbia
Argentina
Argentine cumbia
Cumbia villera, a subgenre of Argentine cumbia born in the slums
Cumbia santafesina, a musical genre emerged in Santa Fe, Argentina

Bolivia
Bolivian cumbia

Chile
Chilean cumbia
New Chilean cumbia

Costa Rica
Costa Rican cumbia

Ecuador
Ecuadorian cumbia

El Salvador
Salvadoran cumbia
Cumbia marimbera, a subgenre of Cumbia that is widely popular in Southern Mexico and Central America

Guatemala
Guatemalan cumbia
Cumbia marimbera, a subgenre of Cumbia that is widely popular in Southern Mexico and Central America

Honduras
Honduran cumbia
Cumbia marimbera, a subgenre of Cumbia that is widely popular in Southern Mexico and Central America

Mexico
Mexican cumbia
Southeast cumbia or chunchaca, a variant of Mexican cumbia
Northern Mexican cumbia, a variant of Mexican cumbia, developed in northeastern Mexico and part of Texas (former Mexican territory)
Cumbia sonidera, a variant of Mexican cumbia
Cumbia marimbera, a subgenre of Cumbia that is widely popular in Southern Mexico and Central America

Nicaragua
Nicaraguan cumbia
Cumbia chinandegana
Cumbia marimbera, a subgenre of Cumbia that is widely popular in Southern Mexico and Central America

Panama
Panamanian cumbia

Paraguay
Cachaca, a fusion of cumbia sonidera, norteña, vallenato and cumbia villera

Peru
Peruvian cumbia also known as chicha or psychedelic cumbia
Chicha or Andean tropical music
Amazonian cumbia or jungle cumbia, a popular subgenre of Peruvian cumbia, created in the Peruvian Amazon
Cumbia piurana, a set of styles and sub-genres linked to cumbia that have been produced in Piura, a region on the north Peruvian coast, since the mid-1960s
Cumbia sanjuanera, a subgenre of cumbia piurana
Cumbia sureña, a subgenre of Peruvian cumbia, a fusion of Andean cumbia and techno

Uruguay
Uruguayan cumbia

Venezuela
Venezuelan cumbia


== References ==