The contrology fitness programme was invented and promoted by which German-born gymnast of Greek ancestry (1883-1967)?
Joseph Pilates Joseph Pilates Joseph Hubertus Pilates (December 9, 1883 – October 9, 1967) was a German physical trainer, notable for having invented and promoted the Pilates method of physical fitness. Joseph H. Pilates was born December 9, 1883 in Mönchengladbach, Germany. His father, Heinrich Friedrich Pilates, was a metal worker and enthusiastic gymnast, and his mother was a housewife. Pilates was a sickly child. He suffered from asthma, rickets, and rheumatic fever, and he dedicated his entire life to improving his physical strength. He was introduced by his father to gymnastics and body-building, and to martial arts like jiu-jitsu and boxing.
Oksana Grishina (fitness pro) 2016 IFBB Olympia, Fitness Division, 1st Place 2017 IFBB Olympia, Fitness Division, 1st Place Oksana Grishina (fitness pro) Oksana Grishina (; born 25 March 1978) is a Russian former gymnast and current professional fitness competitor. Grishina was born in Kaliningrad and grew up both in Latvia and Russia. She earned a degree in 2000 from the University of Kalingrad as a specialist in Physical Training and Sports. Grishina won both European and World overall championships titles, while competing as amateur. She earned her IFBB Pro Card in 2007. Grishina is the second ever Russian athlete to earn an IFBB Fitness