Which failed venture was led by the Duke of Medina Sidonia?
Duke of Medina Sidonia de Guzmán. Duke of Medina Sidonia The Duke of Medina Sidonia is a grandee of Spain in Medina-Sidonia, holding the oldest extant dukedom in the kingdom, first awarded by King John II of Castile in 1445. They were once the most prominent magnate family of the Andalusian region, the best-known of whom, Don Alonso de Guzmán El Bueno, 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia, commanded the Spanish Armada at the end of the 16th century. The defeat at the hands of weather and the English in 1588 brought disgrace to this family. The House of Medina Sidonia traces its descent to
Gaspar Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán, 9th Duke of Medina Sidonia did not, and the rebellion failed. The duke had the support of his brother-in-law, John IV of Portugal, but the promised naval aid from France and the Netherlands did not arrive. The king of Spain forgave his treason, but the previous prestige of his house was only regained by his successor. Gaspar Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán, 9th Duke of Medina Sidonia Gaspar Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán y Sandoval, 9th Duke of Medina Sidonia (1602–1664) was a Spanish nobleman who became Duke of Medina Sidonia in 1636, upon the death of Juan Manuel Pérez de Guzmán, 8th Duke of Medina Sidonia.