What figurative barrier separated democratic and communist Europe?
Europe the communist Eastern bloc, separated by what was later called by Winston Churchill an "Iron Curtain". The United States and Western Europe established the NATO alliance and later the Soviet Union and Central Europe established the Warsaw Pact. The two new superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, became locked in a fifty-year-long Cold War, centred on nuclear proliferation. At the same time decolonisation, which had already started after World War I, gradually resulted in the independence of most of the European colonies in Asia and Africa. In the 1980s the reforms of Mikhail Gorbachev and the Solidarity movement
Democratic Communist Circle Democratic Communist Circle The Democratic Communist Circle (French: "Cercle communiste démocratique", CCD; ) was a left-wing, political group founded by Boris Souvarine in February 1926 under the original name of the "cercle communiste Marx et Lénine". The Democratic Communist Circle was formed as the re-branded version of a previous communist group called the "Marx and Lenin Communist Circle" (French: "Cercle Communiste Marx et Lénine"). The "Marx and Lenin Communist Circle" (MLCC) was founded in 1926 to 'keep alive marxist, revolutionary critical thought'. On 1 December 1930, the MLCC opted to change its name to the "Cercle Communiste Démocratique " in