June 21, 1877 saw the hanging of ten Irish immigrants, believed members of what gang supposedly responsible for crimes and kidnappings throughout the Pennsylvania coal fields?
Molly Maguires miners that led Gowen "'to fear, despise and ultimately destroy [him]'". Molly Maguires The Molly Maguires was an Irish 19th-century secret society active in Ireland, Liverpool and parts of the eastern United States, best known for their activism among Irish-American and Irish immigrant coal miners in Pennsylvania. After a series of often violent conflicts, twenty suspected members of the Molly Maguires were convicted of murder and other crimes and were executed by hanging in 1877 and 1878. This history remains part of local Pennsylvania lore. The Molly Maguires originated in Ireland, where secret societies with names such as Whiteboys and
History of the Irish Americans in Philadelphia Pennsylvania, USA. It is believed to be the oldest folk festival in the United States. Numerous Irish immigrants and Irish-Americans from South Philadelphia became involved in the Mummers Parade as both Mummers performers and parade goers. Several Irish themed bands have emerged from the area. The Green Fields of America is an ensemble which performs and promotes Irish traditional music in the United States. "The Green Fields of America" was formed in 1978 in Philadelphia and still led by musician and folklorist Mick Moloney. The band was created to present and tour some of Irish America's finest musicians and dancers.