What pigment especially associated with oil painting, derives its name from heat treatment and a Tuscany city?
Earth pigment the color can be deepened by heating (calcination) in a process known as "burning", although it does not involve oxidation but instead dehydration. Earth pigment Earth pigments are naturally occurring minerals containing metal oxides, principally iron oxides and manganese oxides, that have been used since prehistoric times as pigments. The primary types are ochre, sienna and umber. Earth pigments are known for their fast drying time in oil painting, relative inexpensiveness, and lightfastness. Cave paintings done in sienna still survive today. After mining, the mineral used for making a pigment is ground to a very fine powder (if not already
Painting derives from the Latin word for "fresh". Frescoes were often made during the Renaissance and other early time periods. "Buon fresco" technique consists of painting in pigment mixed with water on a thin layer of wet, fresh lime mortar or plaster, for which the Italian word for plaster, intonaco, is used. "A secco" painting, in contrast, is done on dry plaster ("secco" is "dry" in Italian). The pigments require a binding medium, such as egg (tempera), glue or oil to attach the pigment to the wall. Gouache is a water-based paint consisting of pigment and other materials designed to be