What material was used in making the 2,000 year-old dome of the Pantheon in Rome?
Pantheon, Rome used in the concrete of the dome also varies. At its thickest point, the aggregate is travertine, then terracotta tiles, then at the very top, tufa and pumice, both porous light stones. At the very top, where the dome would be at its weakest and vulnerable to collapse, the oculus actually lightens the load. No tensile test results are available on the concrete used in the Pantheon; however, Cowan discussed tests on ancient concrete from Roman ruins in Libya, which gave a compressive strength of . An empirical relationship gives a tensile strength of for this specimen. Finite element analysis
Pantheon, Rome (1774) in England and Thomas Jefferson's library at the University of Virginia, The Rotunda (1817–26). Others include the Rotunda of Mosta in Malta (1833). Other notable replicas, such as The Rotunda (New York) (1818), do not survive. The style of the Pantheon can be detected in many buildings of the 19th and 20th centuries; numerous government and public buildings, city halls, university buildings, and public libraries echo its portico-and-dome structure. General: Pantheon, Rome The Pantheon (, ; , from Greek "Pantheion", "[temple] of all the gods") is a former Roman temple, now a church, in Rome, Italy, on the site