Foundations of geometry association of meanings makes the axioms of the system true statements, then the interpretation is called a model of the system. In a model, all the theorems of the system are automatically true statements. In discussing axiomatic systems several properties are often focused on: "Euclidean geometry" is a mathematical system attributed to the Alexandrian Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described (although non-rigorously by modern standards) in his textbook on geometry: the "Elements". Euclid's method consists in assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms, and deducing many other propositions (theorems) from these. Although many of Euclid's results had been stated
Ptolemy IV Philopator major antagonist of the apocryphal 3 Maccabees, which describes events following the Battle of Raphia, in both Jerusalem and Alexandria. Ptolemy IV's reign was also marked by trade with other contemporaneous polities. In the 1930s, excavations by Mattingly at a fortress close to Port Dunford (the likely Nikon of antiquity) in present-day southern Somalia yielded a number of Ptolemaic coins. Among these pieces were 17 copper mints from the reigns of Ptolemy III, Ptolemy IV and Ptolemy V, as well as late Imperial Rome and Mamluk Sultanate coins. Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy IV Philopator (, "Ptolemaĩos Philopátōr" "Ptolemy, lover of