V-2 rocket offensive began on 8 September 1944, when "Lehr- und Versuchsbatterie No. 444" () launched a single rocket guided by a radio beam directed at Paris. Wreckage of combat V-2s occasionally contained the transponder for velocity and fuel cutoff. The painting of the operational V-2s was mostly a ragged-edged pattern with several variations, but at the end of the war a plain olive green rocket also appeared. During tests, the rocket was painted in a characteristic black-and-white chessboard pattern, which aided in determining if the rocket was spinning around its longitudinal axis. The original German designation of the rocket was "V2",
Timeline of the Battle of the Atlantic 1943 February 2, 1943 February 7, 1943 February 15, 1943 March 7, 1943 March 10, 1943 March 16, 1943 March 28, 1943 April 4, 1943 April 12, 1943 April 17, 1943 April 22, 1943 May 6, 1943 May 7, 1943 May 11, 1943 July 31, 1943 September 8, 1943 October 9, 1943 October 31, 1943 December 26, 1943 April 6, 1944 July 20, 1944 August 3, 1944 September 8, 1944 January 27, 1945 March 2, 1945 April 18, 1945 Total Allied losses to mines during 1939 are 79 vessels totaling 262,700 tons. Timeline of the Battle of the Atlantic This