Honeycomb honeycomb conjecture, this was given by Jan Brożek and proved much later by Thomas Hales. Thus, a hexagonal structure uses the least material to create a lattice of cells within a given volume. A second reason, given by D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson, is that the shape simply results from the process of individual bees putting cells together: somewhat analogous to the boundary shapes created in a field of soap bubbles. In support of this, he notes that queen cells, which are constructed singly, are irregular and lumpy with no apparent attempt at efficiency. The closed ends of the honeycomb cells are
Order-5 dodecahedral honeycomb pentagonal prism vertex figure. There are four rectified compact regular honeycombs: The truncated order-5 dodecahedral honeycomb, , has icosahedron and truncated dodecahedron cells, with a pentagonal pyramid vertex figure. The bitruncated order-5 dodecahedral honeycomb, , has truncated icosahedron cells, with a disphenoid vertex figure. The cantellated order-5 dodecahedral honeycomb, , has alternating rhombicosidodecahedron and icosidodecahedron cells, with a triangular prism vertex figure. The cantitruncated order-5 dodecahedral honeycomb, , has truncated icosidodecahedron, icosidodecahedron, and pentagonal prism cells, with a mirrored sphenoid vertex figure. The runcinated order-5 dodecahedral honeycomb, , has dodecahedron and pentagonal prism cells, with a triangular antiprism vertex figure.