States of Germany equivalent to those of the ministers in the larger states. The equivalent of the minister-president is the "Senatspräsident" (president of the senate) in Bremen, the "Erster Bürgermeister" (first mayor) in Hamburg, and the "Regierender Bürgermeister" (governing mayor) in Berlin. The parliament for Berlin is called the "Abgeordnetenhaus" (House of Representatives), while Bremen and Hamburg both have a "Bürgerschaft". The parliaments in the remaining 13 states are referred to as "Landtag" (State Parliament). The city-states of Berlin and Hamburg are subdivided into boroughs. The City of Bremen consists of two urban districts: Bremen and Bremerhaven, which are not contiguous. In the
States of Germany of Bavaria, Saxony, and Thuringia, the government is the "state government" "(Staatsregierung)"; and in the other ten states, the "Land government" "(Landesregierung)". Before January 1, 2000, Bavaria had a bicameral parliament, with a popularly elected "Landtag", and a Senate made up of representatives of the state's major social and economic groups. The Senate was abolished following a referendum in 1998. The states of Berlin, Bremen, and Hamburg are governed slightly differently from the other states. In each of those cities, the executive branch consists of a Senate of approximately eight, selected by the state's parliament; the senators carry out duties