Symbols of Francoism right and extreme left, often degenerating into violence. On the right, the traditionalist Carlist movement revived. In 1933, the aristocratic José Antonio Primo de Rivera, son of the former dictator, founded the far-right Falange movement, similar to the Italian Fascists. In February 1934 the Falange merged with the "Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista" (J.O.N.S), another right-wing group. Left-wing trade unions staged industry-wide or citywide strikes, and in Catalonia Marxist and Anarchist groups competed for power. Landless laborers seized land, occupied estates and burned churches. At a time of political crisis, on 17 July 1936, General Francisco Franco led the Spanish colonial
Miguel Primo de Rivera y Urquijo Miguel Primo de Rivera y Urquijo Miguel Primo de Rivera y Urquijo (17 August 1934 – 3 December 2018) was a Spanish politician, lawyer and businessman. He was a grandchild of the Spanish Dictator of the same name. He was Mayor of the city of Jerez from 1965 to 1971.. He succeeded his uncle as 3rd Duke of Primo de Rivera and passed down the subsidiary title of Marques de Estella to his son. He was the grandchild of Miguel Primo de Rivera, a dictator who ruled Spain from 1923 to 1930. His father Fernando (1908-1936) was the youngest brother