Spanish nationalism refers in this case to the movement that emerged after the crisis of 1898. Panhispanism was influenced by the regenerationism movement and the Generation of '98, whose authors came from the Spanish periphery and agreed to consider Castile the representation of "Spanish". These philosophers, ideologues and authors, like Ramiro de Maeztu, Ramiro Ledesma and Onésimo Redondo, founders of the JONS, and José Antonio Primo de Rivera, founder of Falange, expressed a generation frustrated with Spanish society and politics at the time. During this period, this form of nationalism incorporated a traditionalist component (with the notable exceptions of the vanguardism of
José de Yanguas, 11th Viscount of Santa Clara de Avedillo José de Yanguas, 11th Viscount of Santa Clara de Avedillo Don José de Yanguas y Messía, 11th Viscount of Santa Clara de Avedillo (Linares, Jaén, Spain, 25 February 1890 – Madrid, Spain, 30 June 1974) was a Spanish noble, politician and diplomat who served as Minister of State during the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera and Ambassador to the Holy See during that of General Francisco Franco. A fervent monarchist, he conspired against the Spanish Second Republic, and worked with Accion Espanola, a group and magazine which endeavoured to lay ideological foundations for a rebellion. He joined the Uprising of