Boundaries between the continents of Earth Zemlya extend northward from the northern end of the Ural Mountains and are a continuation of that chain into the Arctic Ocean. While Novaya Zemlya was variously grouped with Europe or with Asia in 19th-century maps it is now usually grouped with Europe, the continental boundary considered to join the Arctic Ocean along the southern shore of the Kara Sea. The Russian Arctic archipelago of Franz Josef Land farther north is also associated with Europe. Europe ends in the west at the Atlantic Ocean, although Iceland and the Azores archipelago (in the Atlantic, between Europe and North America) are usually
Poseidon Expeditions of the Russian Arctic” icebreaker expedition. The program included visits to Novaya Zemlya, Oranskie Islands, Vize Island, Severnaya Zemlya, Maud Bay, Birulia Bay, port of Dickson, ruins of Khabarovo GULAG, Vaigach Island. Poseidon Expeditions Poseidon Expeditions was founded in 1999 as a tour operator specializing in expedition cruises to the North Pole and the Russian High Arctic aboard icebreakers and ice-strengthened ships. In 2007 Poseidon Expeditions introduced a new destination to the travel market – the Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Islands, Wrangel Island). In 2013, a Poseidon Expedition’s cruise accomplished the 100th reaching of the North Pole in the