France arrondissements, which are, in turn, subdivided into 2,054 cantons. These cantons are then divided into 36,658 communes, which are municipalities with an elected municipal council. Three communes—Paris, Lyon and Marseille—are subdivided into 45 municipal arrondissements. The regions, departments and communes are all known as territorial collectivities, meaning they possess local assemblies as well as an executive. Arrondissements and cantons are merely administrative divisions. However, this was not always the case. Until 1940, the arrondissements were territorial collectivities with an elected assembly, but these were suspended by the Vichy regime and definitely abolished by the Fourth Republic in 1946. In addition
Administrative divisions of Latvia Administrative divisions of Latvia Administrative divisions of Latvia (valid since 1 July 2009). According to the "Administrative territorial reform of Latvia", Latvia changed its administrative divisions from two-level municipalities (the districts were the first-level municipalities, while towns (cities), town's countryside territories and parishes were the second-level municipalities) to one-level municipalities - districts were liquidated, while towns/cities (, "plural"), town's countryside territories (, "plural") and parishes (, "plural") were merged into 110 municipalities (, "plural"), with 9 metropolitan areas got the status of republican cities (, "plural"). () with their own city council and administration. Municipalities are subdivided into territorial units