Birmingham pen trade same time Osmiroid International had a large production plant in the city. Birmingham pen trade The Birmingham pen trade evolved in the Birmingham Jewellery Quarter and its surrounding area in the 19th century; for many years, the city was the centre of the world's pen trade. In Newhall Street, John Mitchell manufactured pens; he pioneered mass production of steel pens (prior to this, the quill pen was the most common form of writing instrument). Mitchells are credited as being the first manufacturers to use machines to cut pen nibs, greatly speeding up the process. John's brother William later set up
CAF Clubs of the 20th Century has not been considered. Clubs' performance on the first edition of the FIFA Club World Cup, held in Brazil in January 2000, has been included in the ranking. CAF's classification of African clubs is made on the following basis: Top Ten Africa's clubs of the 20th Century: Based on this statistical study, Egypt's Al-Ahly was named as "African club of the century" by the continental governing body on 31 December 2000. CAF Clubs of the 20th Century On 31 December 2000 the Confederation of African Football (CAF) has published a ranking with the most successful clubs of the 20th century