Spanish American wars of independence important change in strategy after three United Provinces campaigns had been defeated in Upper Peru. San Martín's army became the nucleus of the Army of the Andes, which received crucial political and material support in 1816 when Juan Martín de Pueyrredón became Supreme Director of the United Provinces. In January 1817, San Martín was finally ready to advance against the royalists in Chile. Ignoring an injunction from the congress of the Río de la Plata not to move against Chile, San Martín together with General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme, later Supreme Director of Chile, led the Army over the Andes in
San Bernardo della Compagnia Turks on 12 September 1683. This association began meeting in the church of santo Stefano del Cacco under the leader of a pious Sabine abbot, Giuseppe Bianchi, in memory of the liberation of Vienna. On 30 September 1694 they left s. Stefano of the Cacco and obtained this ancient church of San Bernardo for their seat, giving that up in turn after finding it too small for their purposes. As a replacement they built Santissimo Nome di Maria and San Bernardo was demolished in 1748. San Bernardo della Compagnia San Bernardo della Compagnia (also known as San Bernardo a Colonna