Spanish nationalism refers in this case to the movement that emerged after the crisis of 1898. Panhispanism was influenced by the regenerationism movement and the Generation of '98, whose authors came from the Spanish periphery and agreed to consider Castile the representation of "Spanish". These philosophers, ideologues and authors, like Ramiro de Maeztu, Ramiro Ledesma and Onésimo Redondo, founders of the JONS, and José Antonio Primo de Rivera, founder of Falange, expressed a generation frustrated with Spanish society and politics at the time. During this period, this form of nationalism incorporated a traditionalist component (with the notable exceptions of the vanguardism of
LGBT rights in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic LGBT rights in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic LGBT rights in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. In 1822, the Kingdom of Spain's first penal code was adopted and same-sex sexual intercourse was legalized. In 1928, under the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera, the offense of "habitual homosexual acts" was recriminalized in Spain. In 1932, same-sex sexual intercourse was again legalized in Spain. During the Spanish Civil War, the poet Federico García Lorca was executed by Nationalist forces allegedly for being gay, among other things, however this cannot be confirmed. Legal reforms