Glass-to-metal seal absorb the stresses from thermal expansion mismatches. Due to its very low vapor pressure, indium finds use in glass-metal seals used in vacuum technology. Gallium is a soft metal with melting point at 30 °C. It readily wets glasses and most metals and can be used for seals that can be assembled/disassembled by just slight heating. It can be used as a liquid seal up to high temperatures or even at lower temperatures when alloyed with other metals (e.g. as galinstan). Mercury is a metal liquid at normal temperature. It was used as the earliest glass-to-metal seal and is still
Liquid metal devices, medical devices, interconnected devices and so on. Typical uses of liquid metals include thermostats, switches, barometers, heat transfer systems, and thermal cooling and heating designs. Uniquely, they can be used to conduct heat and/or electricity between non-metallic and metallic surfaces. Liquid metal is used extensively by overclockers and computer enthusiasts to replace the original thermal interface on CPU and/or GPU dies to improve cooling efficiency and performance. Also, liquid metal can be used for wearable devices. The Internet of Things (IoT) can improve our lives. Emerging IoT applications require reliable and effective wireless connectivity. Therefore, it is necessary to