Properties of water equal to that of the hydrogen ion (), which gives a pH of 7 at 25 °C. Action of water on rock over long periods of time typically leads to weathering and water erosion, physical processes that convert solid rocks and minerals into soil and sediment, but under some conditions chemical reactions with water occur as well, resulting in metasomatism or mineral hydration, a type of chemical alteration of a rock which produces clay minerals. It also occurs when Portland cement hardens. Water ice can form clathrate compounds, known as clathrate hydrates, with a variety of small molecules that can
A Fish in the Water A Fish in the Water A Fish in the Water (originally published as "" in 1993), is the memoir of Peruvian writer Mario Vargas Llosa, who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2010. It covers two main periods of his life: the first comprising the years between 1946 and 1958, describes his childhood and the beginning of his writing career in Europe. The second period covers his political involvement in later years culminating with his defeat against Alberto Fujimori in the Peruvian presidential elections. The book is divided in twenty chapters in which the writer intersperses his narration with