Tinnitus to the inner ear can cause tinnitus, other apparent causes (e.g., temporomandibular joint dysfunction) are difficult to explain. It may be caused by increased neural activity in the auditory brainstem, where the brain processes sounds, causing some auditory nerve cells to become over-excited. The basis of this theory is that many with tinnitus also have hearing loss. Three reviews of 2016 emphasized the large range and possible combinations of pathologies involved in tinnitus, which in turn result in a great variety of symptoms demanding specifically adapted therapies. Even when tinnitus is the primary complaint, audiological evaluation is usually preceded by
International Tinnitus Journal Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal District (Brasilia, Brazil) became the new owner of the "International Tinnitus Journal" and Carlos A. Oliveira (University of Brasilia) took over as editor-in-chief. International Tinnitus Journal The International Tinnitus Journal is a peer-reviewed medical journal that was established in 1995. It covers all aspects of tinnitus. Until 2010, the journal was published by the Martha Entenmann Tinnitus Research Center (State University of New York) in cooperation with the Neurootologisches Forschungsinstitut der 4-G-Forschung e.V. (Bad Kissingen, Germany), and edited by Claus-Frenz Claussen, Abraham Shulman, Barbara Goldstein, and Michael Seidman. It is published biannually and is the official