Thermodynamics and motive power. It marked the start of thermodynamics as a modern science. The first thermodynamic textbook was written in 1859 by William Rankine, originally trained as a physicist and a civil and mechanical engineering professor at the University of Glasgow. The first and second laws of thermodynamics emerged simultaneously in the 1850s, primarily out of the works of William Rankine, Rudolf Clausius, and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin). The foundations of statistical thermodynamics were set out by physicists such as James Clerk Maxwell, Ludwig Boltzmann, Max Planck, Rudolf Clausius and J. Willard Gibbs. During the years 1873-76 the American mathematical
History of 19th-century congressional redistricting in Ohio for the respective heads of the Republican and Democratic state tickets stood: Republican, 363,584; Democratic, 352,579. The regular decennial apportionment under the Eleventh Federal Census was due to be made in 1892. The Republicans were again in control but in 1892 succeeded only in winning 9 seats, while the Democrats won 12. At the subsequent elections, however, the Republicans succeeded in increasing their delegation to as high as 15. Between 1892 and 1900, there were no revisions of the apportionment only because the Democrats did not secure control of the legislature. History of 19th-century congressional redistricting in Ohio The redistricting