Mubarak Al-Sabah Mubarak finally died on November 28, 1915 due to an attack of malaria aggravated by his bad heart. After Mubarak's death his son Jaber II Al-Sabah ascended to the throne without any problems and when Jaber died his brother Salim Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah took over. Since then to the present day all of Kuwait's rulers have been direct descendants of Mubarak through his two sons. Mubarak's skillful diplomacy and manipulation of the Ottomans and British strengthened his powerbase ensuring Kuwait's eventual independence. Mubarak's interference in tribal affairs and the example he made of himself destabilized the region in that it eventually
Rise of the Ottoman Empire tax burden was increased, prompting criticism from writers who saw such centralization in a negative light. Of particular importance for Ottoman success was their ability to keep the empire intact from generation to generation. While other Turkic groups frequently divided their realms between the sons of a deceased ruler, the Ottomans consistently kept the empire united under a single heir. The process of centralization is closely connected with an influx of Muslim scholars from Central Anatolia, where a more urban and bureaucratic Turkish civilization had developed under the Seljuks of Rum. Particularly influential was the Çandarlı family, which supplied several