Mubarak Al-Sabah anxiety over possible encroachment by the Great Powers, most notably Britain and Russia into the region due to the construction of the Baghdad Railway. They thought that bestowing the title could dissuade any foreign powers from interfering with Kuwait. "See Anglo-Kuwaiti Agreement of 1899" The long Ottoman indecisiveness in naming Mubarak kaymakam, as well as feelings of vulnerability helped pave the way for Mubarak to pursue British ties. On January 18, 1899 Mubarak signed a secret agreement with Major M.J. Meade, British political resident in Bushire, that guarded Kuwait against any outside foreign aggression. It also required Mubarak and his
Postage stamps and postal history of the postal convention states of India was never used. Gwalior issued a total of 137 stamps and 94 official stamps from 1885 till 1949. Jhind is another of the cis-Sutlej states which signed a postal convention on 1 July 1885. Having an area of just , the territory of Jind, like all the Phulkian states, was fragmented; comprising three main enclaves and some isolated villages. The Sikh ruler of Jind, Raja Ranbir Singh was a minor at the time of signing of the postal convention; the state being ruled by a Council of Regency at that point in time. Prior to becoming a convention state, Jhind