Battle of Maipú Battle of Maipú The Battle of Maipú () was a battle fought near Santiago, Chile on April 5, 1818 between South American rebels and Spanish royalists, during the Chilean War of Independence. The Patriot rebels led by Argentine general José de San Martín effectively destroyed the Spanish forces commanded by General Mariano Osorio, and completed the independence of the core area of Chile from Spanish domination. In 1817, the Argentine General José de San Martín led an army across the Andes and defeated the Spanish at the battles of Chacabuco and Chalchuapa and captured Santiago. The Spanish viceroyalty sent a
Battle of Ochomogo Battle of Ochomogo The Battle of Ochomogo (5 April 1823) was fought in Ochomogo, to the west of Cartago, Costa Rica, shortly after the country became independent from Spain. Republican militia from San José and Alajuela led by Gregorio José Ramírez defeated conservative forces from Cartago, the capital, who supported making Costa Rica part of the new Mexican Empire. The Republicans won and San José became capital of the country, which remained independent within the Federal Republic of Central America. Cartago was the first Spanish settlement in Costa Rica, founded in 1563 by Juan Vázquez de Coronado. It was the