Electromagnetic radiation and B fields in EMR are in-phase (see math section below). An important aspect of light's nature is its frequency. The frequency of a wave is its rate of oscillation and is measured in hertz, the SI unit of frequency, where one hertz is equal to one oscillation per second. Light usually has multiple frequencies that sum to form the resultant wave. Different frequencies undergo different angles of refraction, a phenomenon known as dispersion. A wave consists of successive troughs and crests, and the distance between two adjacent crests or troughs is called the wavelength. Waves of the electromagnetic spectrum
Champernowne constant Champernowne constant In mathematics, the Champernowne constant is a transcendental real constant whose decimal expansion has important properties. It is named after economist and mathematician D. G. Champernowne, who published it as an undergraduate in 1933. For base 10, the number is defined by concatenating representations of successive integers: Champernowne constants can also be constructed in other bases, similarly, for example: The Champernowne constants can be expressed exactly as infinite series: where formula_2 ceiling(formula_3), formula_4 in base 10, formula_5 and formula_6 is the base of the constant. A slightly different expression is given by Eric W. Weisstein (MathWorld): where formula_8