Current transformer current transformers" are also used (usually with an oscilloscope) to measure waveforms of high frequency or pulsed currents within pulsed power systems. Unlike CTs used for power circuitry, wideband CTs are rated in output volts per ampere of primary current. If the burden resistance is much less than inductive impedance of the secondary winding at the measurement frequency then the current in the secondary tracks the primary current and the transformer provides a current output that is proportional to the measured current. On the other hand, if that condition is not true, then the transformer is inductive and gives a
Transepithelial potential difference increased in cystic fibrosis, making it a potential diagnostic tool for this disorder. In the kidney, TEPD contributes to tubular reabsorption. Transepithelial potential difference Transepithelial potential difference (TEPD) is the voltage across an epithelium, and is the sum of the membrane potentials for the outer and inner cell membranes. The diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is usually based on high sweat chloride concentrations, characteristic clinical findings (including sinopulmonary infections), and/or family history. However, a small portion of patients with Cystic Fibrosis especially those with "mild" mutations of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator ion channel (CFTR), have near-normal sweat tests. In