Roman Cumbria to Wallsend on the Tyne estuary, with additional military installations running down the Cumbrian coast from Bowness to Risehow, south of Maryport, in an integrated fashion (and with forts at Burrow Walls and Moresby that were perhaps not part of the system). Historians believe that the Turf Wall from the River Irthing to Bowness-on Solway was rebuilt in stone in two stages. The most easterly five miles were rebuilt at the time of Hadrian, with the remainder being rebuilt after 150 AD. However, this is open to dispute: it is uncertain whether the building works in the second half of
Hadrian's Wall Roman "trulla" (ladle), dating to the 2nd century AD, is inscribed with a series of names of Roman forts along the western sector of the wall, together with a personal name and phrase: . Bowness-on-Solway () is followed by Drumburgh-by-Sands (), until now known only as from the late Roman document, the "Notitia Dignitatum". Next comes Stanwix (), then Castlesteads (). These are the four of the westernmost forts on Hadrian's Wall, excluding Aballava (Burgh by Sands). There is no known word "vali", but "vallum" was the Latin word for an earthen wall, rampart, or fortification. In modern English usage