Zarmanochegas ancient Rishis (Bhrigu) who lived there. If the Sramana timed his death to match the arrival of Augustus in Athens then the date would be the winter of 22/21 BC when Augustus crossed from Sicily to Greece to visit Athens (Dio Cassius LIV,7, 2-3). In support of this, Priaulx notes that the poet Horace alludes to an Indian mission (Carmen Seculare 55, 56 (written 17 BC), Ode 14, L.iv (13 BC) and Ode 12, L. i (22 BC)). Priaulx also notes that later writers such as Florus (110 AD) (Hist. Rome IV C 12) and Suetonius (190 AD) (Augustus C21)
Pastoral epistles responding to specific 2nd-century developments (Marcionism, gnosticism). That Marcion (ca. 140) betrays knowledge of a collection of Paul's letters that lack the Pastoral Epistles is another piece of evidence for which any model must account. (This is a separate question to Marcion's "canon", which included only edited versions of Luke and the Pauline epistles; according to Tertullian, Marcion "omitted" the Epistle to the Hebrews and the Pastoral Epistles.) According to Raymond E. Brown ("An Introduction to the New Testament", 1997), the majority of scholars who accept a post-Pauline date of composition for the Pastorals favour the period 80–100. Scholars supporting