19th century in science Carnot captured some of the ideas of thermodynamics in his discussion of the efficiency of an idealized engine. Sadi Carnot's work provided a basis for the formulation of the first law of thermodynamics—a restatement of the law of conservation of energy—which was stated around 1850 by William Thomson, later known as Lord Kelvin, and Rudolf Clausius. Lord Kelvin, who had extended the concept of absolute zero from gases to all substances in 1848, drew upon the engineering theory of Lazare Carnot, Sadi Carnot, and Émile Clapeyron–as well as the experimentation of James Prescott Joule on the interchangeability of mechanical, chemical,
First Church of Christ, Scientist (Davenport, Iowa) First Church of Christ, Scientist (Davenport, Iowa) The former First Church of Christ, Scientist, located in Davenport, Iowa, United States, is an historic building that was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It is now the Harvest Time Family Worship Center. First Church was established in Davenport in 1892 by 16 practitioners as a branch of the mother church in Boston. They built this building, which was designed by the prominent Davenport architectural firm of Clausen & Clausen, in 1912. A Christian Science Reading Room was opened downtown. First Church moved in the 1970s to a