Greek underworld the dead, he was also known as Zeus Khthonios ("the infernal Zeus" or "Zeus of the lower world"). Those who received punishment in Tartarus were assigned by the other gods seeking vengeance. In Greek society, many viewed Hades as the least liked god and many gods even had an aversion towards him, and when people would sacrifice to Hades, it would be if they wanted revenge on an enemy or something terrible to happen to them. Hades was sometimes referred to as Pluto and was represented in a lighter way – here, he was considered the giver of wealth, since
Hell Is the Absence of God a liberal intellectual". Ken Liu wrote "Single-Bit Error", a short story published in 2009, in response to "Hell Is the Absence of God". Hell Is the Absence of God "Hell Is the Absence of God" is a 2001 fantasy novelette by American writer Ted Chiang, first published in , and subsequently reprinted in "Year's Best Fantasy 2", and in "Fantasy: The Best of 2001", as well as in Chiang's 2002 anthology, "Stories of Your Life and Others". "Hell Is" won the 2002 Hugo Award for Best Novelette, the Nebula Award for Best Novelette, and the Locus Award for Best Novelette.