Variolation shortly after variolation began to outweigh the benefits of the procedure. From the 1760s, a number of individuals, including John Fewster, Peter Plett, Benjamin Jesty, and particularly Edward Jenner, were interested in the use of material from cowpox, an animal infection, to protect against smallpox. In 1796, Jenner vaccinated James Phipps, did more vaccinations in 1798, and was the first to publish evidence that cowpox protected against smallpox, was safer than variolation, and that his vaccine could be maintained by arm-to-arm transfer. The use of variolation soon began to decline as the smallpox vaccine became widely used and its benefits
To the Youth in Western Countries and the 2015 Beirut bombings. As of December 26, 2015, the letter has been translated to 62 languages in a collaborative effort conducted by The Representative of the Supreme Leader in the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Al-Mustafa International University graduates, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the IRIB World Service and the countries' respective embassies. In about two thousand words, Khamenei discussed the reasons for the worldwide wave of terrorism, calling it "our common worry". Among them he noted the impact that major Western powers had with their military operations in the Islamic world. He mentioned United States's alleged role in