History of Malaysia the British. A tough military response was needed to end the insurgency and bring about the establishment of an independent, multi-racial Federation of Malaya on 31 August 1957. On 22 July 1963, Sarawak was granted a self-governance. The following month on 31 August 1963, both North Borneo and Singapore were also granted self-governance and all states formed Malaysia on 16 September 1963. Approximately two years later, the Malaysian parliament passed a bill without the consent of signatory of Malaysia Agreement 1963 to separate Singapore from the Federation. A confrontation with Indonesia occurred in the early-1960s. Race riots in 1969 led
Federation of Poles in Great Britain British authorities. Subsequent to the transfer of the Presidential Insignia by President Ryszard Kaczorowski to President Lech Wałęsa, some responsibilities were vested in The Federation. The Federation was recognised by both Polish and British governments, as well as other Polish organisations worldwide, as the organisation representing the Polish ethnic minority in Great Britain. In 2008, the Federation submitted a complaint to the Press Complaints Commission over claims that the "Daily Mail" ran a series of articles which defamed Poles. The PCC arranged a deal between the Federation and the "Daily Mail", in which the "Daily Mail" promised to remove the