French Fifth Republic members of the Senate. From that date, the opposition has been able to have controversial new statutes examined for constitutionality. Source: Source: French Fifth Republic The Fifth Republic, France's current republican system of government, was established by Charles de Gaulle under the Constitution of the Fifth Republic on 4 October 1958. The Fifth Republic emerged from the collapse of the Fourth Republic, replacing the former parliamentary republic with a semi-presidential, or dual-executive, system that split powers between a Prime Minister as head of government and a President as head of state. De Gaulle, who was the first French President elected
Military Office of the President of the Czech Republic Military Office of the President of the Czech Republic The Military Office of the President of the Czech Republic, MOPR (Czech: Vojenská kancelář prezidenta republiky, VKPR) is the official military department of the President of the Czech Republic. It serves as a separate entity from the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic and the Prague Castle Guard, although, it controls most of the activities of the Castle Guard. It mostly fulfils tasks by order of the President of the Czech Republic, in accordance with Section 26 of Act No. 219, which describes the president in his/her authority as commander in