Halt All Racist Tours Commonwealth leaders adopted the Gleneagles Agreement whereby they agreed to discourage sporting contact with South Africa. 21 African nations boycotted the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal in protest against the All Black tour of South Africa. HART merged with the National Anti-Apartheid Council in 1980 to become HART: NZAAM (Halt All Racist Tours: New Zealand Anti-Apartheid Movement). After ten years as National Chairperson, Richards was replaced by John Minto. The high point of protest was around the 1981 Springbok Tour in which thousands of New Zealanders protested, invaded pitches, and were involved in civil disobedience to stretch police resources. HART
South Africa African XI South Africa African XI The South Africa African XI was a cricket team that played several matches in South Africa between 1973 and 1976, including two List A matches in the Gillette Cup. South Africa was boycotted by the other cricket-playing nations in the early 1970s owing to the government's apartheid policy. The formation of the South Africa African XI – which consisted entirely of players classified as "African" under the apartheid laws – and its matches against visiting international teams and domestic teams were part of attempts by the South African cricket authorities to break down racial barriers in