Hundred Days' Reform in the First Sino-Japanese War in 1894–1895, not long after the First (1839–1842) and Second (1856–1860) Opium Wars; this blow came as a major shock to the Chinese, because Japan had been regarded as a tributary state, was much smaller than China, and was regarded as inferior. China also fought France in the Sino-French War from 1884 to 1885. Moreover, the defeat of China by Japan led to a scramble for "privileges" in China by other foreign powers, notably by the German Empire and Russia, further awakening the conservatives. Before the First Sino-Japanese War, China engaged in technological modernization only,
Life of Joseph Smith from 1839 to 1844 Life of Joseph Smith from 1839 to 1844 The life of Joseph Smith from 1839 to 1844, when he was 34–38 years old, covers the period of Smith's life when he lived in Nauvoo, an eventful and highly controversial period of the Latter Day Saint movement. After Smith was imprisoned in Carthage, Illinois, the church members slipped him and his brother guns into the jail. He was planning on breaking out. After giving up on being broke out by his legion troups he shot three men and killed them before his gun jammed. The mob broke down thr door as