Gas laws 1662 Robert Boyle studied the relationship between volume and pressure of a gas of fixed amount at constant temperature. He observed that volume of a given mass of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at a constant temperature. Boyle's law, published in 1662, states that, at constant temperature, the product of the pressure and volume of a given mass of an ideal gas in a closed system is always constant. It can be verified experimentally using a pressure gauge and a variable volume container. It can also be derived from the kinetic theory of gases: if a container,
Francis Hauksbee In 1708, Hauksbee independently discovered Charles's law of gases, which states that, for a given mass of gas at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas is proportional to its temperature. Hauksbee published accounts of his experiments in the Royal Society's journal "Philosophical Transactions". In 1709 he self-published "Physico-Mechanical Experiments on Various Subjects" which collected together many of these experiments along with discussion that summarized much of his scientific work. An Italian translation was published in 1716. A second edition was published posthumously in 1719. There were also translations to Dutch (1735) and French (1754). The Royal Society Hauksbee