History of anthracite coal mining in Pennsylvania History of anthracite coal mining in Pennsylvania There are two types of coal found in Pennsylvania: anthracite (the “hard coal” found in Northeastern Pennsylvania below the Allegheny Ridge southwest to Harrisburg; also called “stone coal”, “rock coal” in the 1800s) and bituminous (“soft coal”, found west of the Allegheny Front escarpment). Anthracite coal is a natural mineral with a high carbon and energy content that gives off light and heat (produced energy) when burned, making it useful as a fuel. It was possibly first used in Pennsylvania as a fuel in 1769, but its real history begins with a documented
Energy value of coal "Q" is a complex function of the elemental composition of the coal. "Q" can be determined experimentally using calorimeters. Dulong suggests the following approximate formula for "Q" when the oxygen content is less than 10%: where "C" is the mass percent of carbon, "H" is the mass percent of hydrogen, "O" is the mass percent of oxygen, and "S" is the mass percent of sulfur in the coal. With these constants, "Q" is given in kilojoules per kilogram. Energy value of coal The energy value of coal, or the fuel content, is the amount of potential energy in coal that