Malaysia–Singapore border territories when Johor became a British protectorate while Singapore remained a British crown colony. On 31 August 1957, the Federation of Malaya (which consisted of only Peninsular Malaysia), which included Johor as a component state, became independent and the Johor–Singapore border again became an international boundary between the sovereign state of Malaya and the self-governing British territory of Singapore. On 16 September 1963, Singapore merged with and become a component state of the Federation of Malaysia, rendering the border between two component states of Malaysia. The border again became an international border when Singapore chose to be separated from Malaysia
Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left The Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left ("Fédération de la gauche démocrate et socialiste" or FGDS) was a conglomerate of French left-wing non-Communist forces. It was founded to support François Mitterrand's candidature at the 1965 presidential election and to counterbalance the Communist preponderance over the French left. It was composed of: Before the beginning of the 1965 presidential campaign, the non-Communist left was divided. The Socialist Gaston Defferre proposed the creation of a "Great Federation" gathering the center-left and the center-right parties in order to resist to the Gaullist domination over the