French Fifth Republic French Fifth Republic The Fifth Republic, France's current republican system of government, was established by Charles de Gaulle under the Constitution of the Fifth Republic on 4 October 1958. The Fifth Republic emerged from the collapse of the Fourth Republic, replacing the former parliamentary republic with a semi-presidential, or dual-executive, system that split powers between a Prime Minister as head of government and a President as head of state. De Gaulle, who was the first French President elected under the Fifth Republic in December 1958, believed in a strong head of state, which he described as embodying ("the spirit of
The Museum of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan The Museum of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan The Museum of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Тұңғыш Президент мұражайы) is a museum situated in Astana. It was established by Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan on August 28, 2004. It is located on 11 Beibitshilik Street, in Astana. The museum was founded on the basis of the "Library of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan" by presidential decree on November 4, 2016. The status of one of the leading divisions of the library received from that time. The