Introduction to general relativity this energy loss would be too small to be detectable, but this energy loss was observed in 1974 in a binary pulsar called PSR1913+16. In such a system, one of the orbiting stars is a pulsar. This has two consequences: a pulsar is an extremely dense object known as a neutron star, for which gravitational wave emission is much stronger than for ordinary stars. Also, a pulsar emits a narrow beam of electromagnetic radiation from its magnetic poles. As the pulsar rotates, its beam sweeps over the Earth, where it is seen as a regular series of radio pulses, just
Welding of advanced thermoplastic composites advanced thermoplastic composites is a process by which the LASER (Light Amplification of Simulated Emission of electromagnetic Radiation), a highly focused coherent beam of light melts the composite tin various ways. Taking advantage of joint design and material properties, lasers can be applied either directly or indirectly to create the welded joint. There are processing methods that take advantage of material structure/properties to create the weld joint. Welding variables affect weld quality in both positive and negative ways depending on how they are manipulated. When a laser beam impinges on a material, it excites electrons in the outer most shell