Nicolaus Copernicus "Almagest" circa 150 CE; the Earth was the stationary center of the universe. Stars were embedded in a large outer sphere which rotated rapidly, approximately daily, while each of the planets, the Sun, and the Moon were embedded in their own, smaller spheres. Ptolemy's system employed devices, including epicycles, deferents and equants, to account for observations that the paths of these bodies differed from simple, circular orbits centered on the Earth. Copernicus' major work on his heliocentric theory was "Dē revolutionibus orbium coelestium" ("On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres"), published in the year of his death, 1543. He had
The Shadow of the Sun rural villages which gave him an honest perspective on what was the current situation of the continent. The Shadow of the Sun The Shadow of the Sun (, literally "Ebony") is a travel memoir by the Polish writer and journalist Ryszard Kapuściński. It was published by Penguin Books in 2001 with the English translation by Klara Glowczewska. Kapuściński spent nearly 30 years in various African countries such as Kenya, Rwanda, Nigeria, Ethiopia and more, detailing his accounts as a white, foreign visitor, of the development of the African states. Kapuściński's experience in Africa was unique, because he had the opportunity