Lake Geneva °C in 53 years), while the average temperature of surface water (5 meters deep) increased from 10.9 °C in 1970 to 12.9 °C in 2016 (+ 2 °C in 46 years). Lake Geneva (and particularly the lakeside parts of the city of Geneva) can be affected by the cold Bise, a north easterly wind. This can lead to severe icing in winter. The strength of the Bise wind can be determined by the difference in air pressure (in hectopascal [hPa]) between Geneva and Güttingen in canton of Thurgau. Bise arises as soon as the air pressure in Güttingen is higher
History of Geneva reforms. However France, Bern and Savoy sent a military force to Geneva, causing the leading revolutionaries to flee to nearby Neuchâtel (then under Prussia), saying they would refound Geneva elsewhere along with industrious fellow-citizens. The invaders imposed a new constitution on Geneva entrenching the aristocracy. This caused many Genevans to emigrate and try to build a new Geneva at, for example, Waterford, Cologne or Brussels. Many radical émigrés went on to do great things, such as participating in the French Revolution (1789–1799). During the French Revolution period, aristocratic and democratic factions again contended for control of Geneva. In 1798, however,