Neutron star to neutrons, or ultra-dense quark-degenerate matter. Neutron stars are detected from their electromagnetic radiation. Neutron stars are usually observed to pulse radio waves and other electromagnetic radiation, and neutron stars observed with pulses are called pulsars. Pulsars' radiation is thought to be caused by particle acceleration near their magnetic poles, which need not be aligned with the rotational axis of the neutron star. It is thought that a large electrostatic field builds up near the magnetic poles, leading to electron emission. These electrons are magnetically accelerated along the field lines, leading to curvature radiation, with the radiation being strongly polarized
Direct integration of a beam load having an effect on the beam is the 75 kN load applied by the pin, applied at x=0, giving Integrating the internal shear, Assuming an EI value of 1 kNformula_15mformula_15m (for simplicity, real EI values for structural members such as steel are normally greater by powers of ten) Because of the vertical supports at each end of the beam, the displacement (formula_19) at x = 0 and x = 15m is zero. Substituting (x = 0, v(0) = 0) and (x = 15m, v(15m) = 0), we can solve for constants formula_20=-1406.25 and formula_21=0, yielding For the given EI