French Fifth Republic of the election on 9 January 1959. The new president began his office on that date, appointing Michel Debré as Prime Minister. The 1958 constitution also replaced the French Union with the French Community, which allowed fourteen member territories (these did not include Algeria) to assert their independence. 1960 became known as the "Year of Africa" because of this wave of newly independent states. Algeria became independent on 5 July 1962. The president was initially elected by an electoral college, but in 1962 de Gaulle proposed that the president be directly elected by the citizens, and held a referendum on
14th legislature of the French Fifth Republic 14th legislature of the French Fifth Republic The 14th legislature of the French Fifth Republic is the parliament elected in the French legislative election, 2012. During the passage to the 14th legislature, François Hollande is president of the Republic since 36 days. He decides not to run for a second term. Emmanuel Macron succeeds him on May 14, 2017 after the presidential election of 2017. François Hollande first reappointed Jean-Marc Ayrault as Prime Minister on June 20, 2012, which composes a single government. Manuel Valls is then named on March 31, 2014, which consists of two governments. Bernard Cazeneuve succeeds