Variolation shortly after variolation began to outweigh the benefits of the procedure. From the 1760s, a number of individuals, including John Fewster, Peter Plett, Benjamin Jesty, and particularly Edward Jenner, were interested in the use of material from cowpox, an animal infection, to protect against smallpox. In 1796, Jenner vaccinated James Phipps, did more vaccinations in 1798, and was the first to publish evidence that cowpox protected against smallpox, was safer than variolation, and that his vaccine could be maintained by arm-to-arm transfer. The use of variolation soon began to decline as the smallpox vaccine became widely used and its benefits
1978 smallpox outbreak in the United Kingdom police photographer she joined the University of Birmingham Medical School, where she was employed as a medical photographer in the Anatomy Department. Parker often worked in a darkroom above a laboratory where research on smallpox viruses was being conducted. Smallpox is an infectious disease unique to humans, caused by either of two virus variants named "Variola major" and "Variola minor". The last naturally occurring infection was of "Variola minor" in Somalia in 1977. At the time of Parker's death, a laboratory at University of Birmingham Medical School was conducting research on variants of smallpox virus known as "whitepox viruses", which