Kiwifruit industry in New Zealand level of infection by November 2011. Some of the attacks in the Bay of Plenty were by the virulent strain PSA-V. The disease is worldwide, with serious attacks in Italy and France also in 2011. In mid-2013 a China-based Zespri subsidiary was fined nearly $1M for under-declaring customs duties, and the Serious Fraud Office launched an investigation into Zespri itself in October 2013. Much of the breeding to refine the green kiwifruit and develop the gold Zespri was done by the Plant & Food Research Institute (formerly HortResearch) during the decades of 1970-1999. In 1990, the New Zealand Kiwifruit Marketing
Largest known prime number the progression of the largest known prime number in ascending order. Here M = 2 − 1 is the Mersenne number with exponent "n". The longest record-holder known was M = 524,287, which was the largest known prime for 144 years. No records are known before 1456. GIMPS found the fourteen latest records (all of them Mersenne primes) on ordinary computers operated by participants around the world. A list of the 5,000 largest known primes is maintained by Chris K. Caldwell, of which the twenty largest are listed below. Largest known prime number The largest known prime number () is