Isinglass advantageous in situations where minimal use of water is desired for the parchment as the isinglass can be reactivated with an ethanol-water mixture. It also has a greater adhesive strength than many other adhesives used for parchment repair. Isinglass Isinglass () is a substance obtained from the dried swim bladders of fish. It is a form of collagen used mainly for the clarification or fining of some beer and wine. It can also be cooked into a paste for specialised gluing purposes. Its origin is from the obsolete Dutch "huizenblaas" – "huizen" is a kind of sturgeon, and "blaas" is
Dried and salted cod countries on 'meatless' Fridays and during Lent. In Middle English dried and salted cod was called "haberdine". Dried cod and the dishes made from it are known by many names around the world, many of them derived from the root "bacal-", itself of unknown origin. Explorer John Cabot reported that it was the name used by the inhabitants of Newfoundland. Some of these are: "bacalhau (salgado)" (Portuguese), "bacalao salado" (Spanish), "bakailao" (Basque), "bacallà salat i assecat" or "bacallà salat" (Catalan), μπακαλιάρος, "bakaliáros" (Greek), "Kabeljau" (German), "cabillaud" (French), "baccalà" (Italian), "bakalar" (Croatian), "bakkeljauw" (Dutch), "makayabu" (Central and East Africa), "kapakala" (Finnish).