Legal status of the Holy See Legal status of the Holy See The legal status of the Holy See, the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, both in state practice and according to the writing of modern legal scholars, is that of a full subject of public international law, with rights and duties analogous to those of States. Although the Holy See, as distinct from the Vatican City State, does not fulfill the long-established criteria in international law of statehood; i.e. having a permanent population, a defined territory, a stable government and the capacity to enter into relations with other states; its possession of
Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations The Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations is the representative of the Holy See at the United Nations. The diplomatic mission does not have the status of Permanent Representative and thus cannot vote — a decision it has freely taken. The Holy See has sat in the UN as a non-voting delegation with permanent observer state status since 1964, and is one of two states with this status, the other being the State of Palestine. The Permanent Observer, currently Archbishop Bernardito Auza, as of 1 July