Religion in York is a large Quaker mental hospital, situated in the east of the city outside the city walls. It was founded in 1796 by William Tuke; over the next century his son Henry Tuke, grandson Samuel Tuke and great-grandson Daniel Hack Tuke also devoted themselves to mental health reform, continuing to reform The Retreat and publishing a number of works on the subject. The York-born Quaker chocolate entrepreneurs and social reformers Joseph Rowntree and Benjamin Seebohm Rowntree left an indelible mark on the city, through both their business interests and their philanthropy. They built the village of New Earswick to provide
Quaker Peace and Social Witness the nonviolence movement in the Indian sub-continent by helping to link peace and social change organisations. QPSW and AFSC received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947, as representatives of the Quakers. The roots of QPSW are in the missionary work done under the name of "Friends Foreign Mission Association" (1868–1927). With the decline of the missions, the "Mission Association" merged with the "Council for International Service" (1919–1927) to form the "Friends Service Council" (1927–1978). Which was renamed "Quaker Peace and Service" (1979–2000), known as "Quaker Peace & Social Witness" since 2001. Quaker Peace and Social Witness Quaker Peace & Social