Iroquois passport Iroquois passport The Iroquois passport or Haudenosaunee passport is a form of identification and an "expression of sovereignty" used by the nationals of the Iroquois League (Iroquois: "Haudenosaunee"). The Iroquois government has issued passports since at least 1923, when Haudenosaunee authorities issued a passport to Cayuga statesman Deskaheh to travel to the League of Nations headquarters in Geneva. The Iroquois passport evolved from negotiations with the U.S. State Department, Canada, Britain and other countries and has been used since 1977. In 2005 Japan allowed a delegation travelling on the Iroquois passport to visit that country for the World Congress of
Iroquois blood feuds and vendettas that were an essential aspect of Iroquois culture. As a way of expediting the mourning process, raids were conducted to take vengeance and seize captives. Captives were generally adopted directly by the grieving family to replace the member(s) who had been lost. This process not only allowed the Iroquois to maintain their own numbers, but also to disperse and assimilate their enemies. The adoption of conquered peoples, especially during the period of the Beaver Wars (1609-1701), meant that the Iroquois League was composed largely of naturalized members of other tribes. Cadwallader Colden wrote, "It has been