Moment magnitude scale deal with significant earthquakes larger than . For these events, the official magnitude is the moment magnitude , not Richter's local magnitude . The symbol for the moment magnitude scale is , with the subscript "w" meaning mechanical work accomplished. The moment magnitude is a dimensionless value defined by Hiroo Kanamori as where is the seismic moment in dyne⋅cm (10 N⋅m). The constant values in the equation are chosen to achieve consistency with the magnitude values produced by earlier scales, such as the Local Magnitude and the Surface Wave magnitude. Seismic moment is not a direct measure of energy changes
Macroscopic scale particles with lower mass-energies are also part of high energy physics; they also have a mass-energy that is far higher than that at the macroscopic scale (such as electrons), or are equally involved in reactions at the particle level (such as neutrinos). Relativistic effects, as in particle accelerators and cosmic rays, can further increase the accelerated particles' energy by many orders of magnitude, as well as the total energy of the particles emanating from their collision and annihilation. Macroscopic scale The macroscopic scale is the length scale on which objects or phenomena are large enough to be visible almost practically