Mercalli intensity scale German geophysicist August Heinrich Sieberg and became known as the Mercalli–Cancani–Sieberg (MCS) scale. The Mercalli–Cancani–Sieberg scale was later modified by Harry O. Wood and Frank Neumann, and published in English in 1931 as the Mercalli–Wood–Neumann (MWN) scale. It was later improved by Charles Richter, the father of the Richter magnitude scale. The scale is known today as the Modified Mercalli scale (MM) or Modified Mercalli Intensity scale (MMI). The lower degrees of the Modified Mercalli Intensity scale generally deal with the manner in which the earthquake is felt by people. The higher numbers of the scale are based on observed
Richter magnitude scale isolated area. Several scales have historically been described as the "Richter scale", especially the "local magnitude" formula_2 and the surface wave formula_3 scale. In addition, the "body wave magnitude", formula_4, and the "moment magnitude", formula_5, abbreviated MMS, have been widely used for decades. A couple of new techniques to measure magnitude are in the development stage by seismologists. All magnitude scales have been designed to give numerically similar results. This goal has been achieved well for formula_2, formula_3, and formula_5. The formula_4 scale gives somewhat different values than the other scales. The reason for so many different ways to measure