Latitude ( or ). It is measured in degrees, minutes and seconds or decimal degrees, north or south of the equator. The precise measurement of latitude requires an understanding of the gravitational field of the Earth, either to set up theodolites or to determine GPS satellite orbits. The study of the figure of the Earth together with its gravitational field is the science of geodesy. This article relates to coordinate systems for the Earth: it may be extended to cover the Moon, planets and other celestial objects by a simple change of nomenclature. The graticule is formed by the lines of
Solar eclipses on the Moon one area as the Moon's shadow touches for over 5 1/2 hours the longest. Some of the eclipses on the Moon lasts for about 5 hours in one area the longest as the Earth's shadow touches for over 6 hours the longest. Some eclipses are longer when the Earth is slightly closer (on Earth, the Moon is seen with its apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's), some eclipses are shorter when the Earth is slightly further (on Earth, the Moon is seen with its apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's). Unlike the Earth where its eclipses starts and