Seismic magnitude scales the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI) has standardized the measurement procedures and equations for the principal magnitude scales, , , , and . The first scale for measuring earthquake magnitudes, developed in 1935 by Charles F. Richter and popularly known as the "Richter" scale, is actually the , label ML or M. Richter established two features now common to all magnitude scales. First, the scale is logarithmic, so that each unit represents a ten-fold increase in the "amplitude" of the seismic waves. As the energy of a wave is 10 times its amplitude, each
Recomposed by Max Richter: Vivaldi – The Four Seasons Recomposed by Max Richter: Vivaldi – The Four Seasons Recomposed by Max Richter: Vivaldi – The Four Seasons is the 2012 album by neo-classical composer Max Richter, released on August 31, 2012 on Universal Classics and Jazz (Germany), a division of Universal Music Group, and Deutsche Grammophon. The album is a complete recomposition and reinterpretation of Vivaldi's "The Four Seasons". Although Richter said that he had discarded 75% of Vivaldi's original material, the parts he does use are phased and looped, emphasising his grounding in postmodern and minimalist music. The album was composed by Max Richter, played by the violinist