Integer triangle cosine equals 0, ±1/2, or ±1. The only ones of these giving an angle strictly between 0° and 180° are the cosine value 1/2 with the angle 60°, the cosine value –1/2 with the angle 120°, and the cosine value 0 with the angle 90°. The only combination of three of these, allowing multiple use of any of them and summing to 180°, is three 60° angles. Conditions are known in terms of elliptic curves for an integer triangle to have an integer ratio "N" of the circumradius to the inradius. The smallest case, that of the equilateral triangle, has
Weitzenböck's inequality that the sum of areas of the equilateral triangles is always greater or equal than the threefold area of the original triangle. This can now can be shown by replicating area of the triangle three times within the equilateral triangles. To achieve that the Fermat point is used to partition the triangle into three obtuse subtriangles with a formula_8 angle and each of those subtriangles is replicated three times within the equilateral triangle next to it. This only works if every angle of the triangle is smaller than formula_8, since otherwise the Fermat point is not located in the interior