Indo-European copula copula (with corresponding voiceless and voiced fricatives) existed side by side in Germanic, and the involvement of a separate root "" is unnecessary. The root "*(s)teh-" meant "to stand". From this root comes the present stem of the so-called "substantive verb" in Irish and Scottish Gaelic, "tá" and "tha" respectively. On the absence of the initial s- in Celtic, see Indo-European s-mobile. In Latin, "stō, stare" retained the meaning "to stand", until local forms of Vulgar Latin began to use it as a copula in certain circumstances. Today, this survives in that several Romance languages (Galician-Portuguese, Spanish, Catalan) use it
Pati (title) Pati (title) Pati (Hindustani: पति, پتی) is a title meaning "master" or "lord". The word is in common usage in the Indian subcontinent today. Etymologically, the word derives from the Indo-European language family and finds references in various classical Indo-Iranian languages, including Sanskrit, Old Persian language and Avestan. In modern-day Hindustani and other Indian, Nepalese and Bangladeshi languages, "pati" and "patni" have taken on the meanings of "husband" and "wife" respectively when used as standalone words.<ref name="ref78febem"/The feminine equivalent in Indo-Aryan languages is "patni" (literally, "mistress" or "lady"). The term "pati" is frequently used as a suffix, e.g. "lakhpati" (meaning,