Nyonoksa Nyonoksa Nyonoksa () is a rural locality (a "selo") under the administrative jurisdiction of Severodvinsk Town of Oblast Significance, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It is located at the coast of the Onega Bay of the White Sea (the Summer Coast) northwest of the city of Severodvinsk. In the vicinity of Nyonoksa there is also a rocket launching site of the Russian Navy with the same name. Since 1965 numerous rockets of the types R-27, R-29, Rif and Gnom were launched from Nyonoksa. These rockets were prototypes for the employment on missile submarines. The launching site is located in the settlement of
Arkhangelsk Oblast and the non-freezing harbour of Murmansk, lost its significance as the main trading harbour of the Russian Empire. However, in the early 20th century Arkhangelsk was an important starting point for Russian Arctic expeditions. For instance, in the 1830s Pyotr Pakhtusov sailed twice from Arkhangelsk to investigate and map Novaya Zemlya. In 1932 the "Icebreaker Sibiryakov" under the command of Vladimir Voronin, sailing from Arkhangelsk, crossed the Northern Sea Route in a single navigation. In 1918 and 1919, Arkhangelsk Governorate became one of the most active battlegrounds of the Civil War in Russia. On August 2, 1918, Arkhangelsk was occupied