Shore durometer is in MPa. Another linear relation between the ASTM D2240 hardness value and material elastic modulus has the form where formula_14 is the ASTM D2240 type A hardness, formula_11 is the ASTM D2240 type D hardness, and formula_2 is the Young's modulus in MPa. Shore durometer The Shore durometer is a device for measuring the hardness of a material, typically of polymers, elastomers, and rubbers.. Higher numbers on the scale indicate a greater resistance to indentation and thus harder materials. Lower numbers indicate less resistance and softer materials. The term is also used to describe a material‘s rating on the
Rocky shore mucous layers and shells. Many species use shells and holdfasts to provide stability against strong wave actions. There are also a variety of other challenges such as temperature fluctuations due to tidal flow (resulting in exposure), changes in salinity and various ranges of illumination. Other threats include predation from birds and other marine organisms, as well as the effects of pollution. The Ballantine Scale is a biologically defined scale for measuring the degree of exposure level of wave action on a rocky shore. Devised in 1961 by W. J. Ballantine, then at the zoology department of Queen Mary College, London,