César Vidal Manzanares César Vidal Manzanares César Vidal Manzanares, born 1958 in Madrid, is a Spanish radio host, lawyer turned historian and author. He is doctor in history from UNED, the most important Spanish University in numbers, where he was Professor-tutor during 8 years. His thesis received the Valedictorian Academic Award in 1991. He has a PhD in Law in University Alfonso X, El Sabio, in Theology and Philosophy by Logos University, where he is a member of the Board of Regents. He is also a member of the Executive Council of the Inter-american Institute for Democracy. He is also member of the
Manifesto of Manzanares Manifesto of Manzanares The Manifesto of Manzanares () was issued 7 July 1854 in Manzanares, Spain. Drafted by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo and signed by General Leopoldo O'Donnell, it called for political reforms and a constituent Cortes to bring about an authentic "liberal regeneration". In 1854, Spain was at the tail end of the "década moderada", slightly over ten years of rule by the Moderate Party. In the last few years, the regime had become increasingly corrupt, and even many of those who were sympathetic to its overt political views had turned against it. On 28 June 1854 Leopoldo O'Donnell,