Galileo Galilei to the biography by Vincenzo Viviani) that these began by watching the swings of the bronze chandelier in the cathedral of Pisa, using his pulse as a timer. Later experiments are described in his "Two New Sciences". Galileo claimed that a simple pendulum is isochronous, i.e. that its swings always take the same amount of time, independently of the amplitude. In fact, this is only approximately true, as was discovered by Christiaan Huygens. Galileo also found that the square of the period varies directly with the length of the pendulum. Galileo's son, Vincenzo, sketched a clock based on his father's
Italian submarine Galileo Galilei on the "Galileo Galilei" failed, greatly affecting the accuracy of shooting. "Moonstone" also moved too fast for the submarine's crew to aim their cannons effectively. After about ten minutes "Galileo Galilei" was hit for the first time, wounding commander Nardi and killing several people around him. Shortly thereafter, the bow cannon was hit killing the gun crew including second in command. The cannon continued shooting, however, under command of Ensign Mazzucchi. The aft cannon soon jammed, and then another salvo from "Moonstone" killed all those on the conning tower including Nardi. The bow cannon continued shooting until arrived at the