Quality assurance independence meaning that it reports to highest management only, has its own budget, and does not expend labor to help build a product. Product assurance stands on an equal footing with project management but embraces the customer's point of view. Software quality assurance consists of a means of monitoring the software engineering processes and methods used to ensure quality. The methods by which this is accomplished are many and varied, and may include ensuring conformance to one or more standards, such as ISO 9000 or a model such as CMMI. In addition, enterprise quality management software is used to correct
ISO 20252 committee) reports that 69 organizations (not counting subsidiaries) are accredited to the standard: The Council of American Survey Research Organizations (CASRO) has passed 17 organizations through its ISO 20252 accreditation scheme: ISO 20252 ISO 20252:2012 is an international quality standard first published in 2006 as a replacement for the existing British Standards BS 7911:2003. It was subsequently updated in 2012. Developed by an ISO Technical Committee in liaison with professional bodies EFAMRO, ESOMAR and WAPOR, the standard sets out requirements in a Quality Management System for organizations conducting market, opinion and social research. The standard is divided into five sections