2009 G20 London summit London Summit and to co-ordinate their actions. The meeting was organised at the initiative of German Chancellor Angela Merkel. The leaders agreed that markets, financial institutions and the wide range of financial assets they create, and hedge funds should be subject to appropriate control. In addition, they called for effective sanctions against tax havens. They also agreed to impose sanctions against countries that intend to undermine their work. Finally, they advocated the doubling of funds available to the IMF. Finance ministers and central bankers of the G20 met in Horsham on 14 March 2009 to prepare for the London Summit.
G20 recognition that key emerging countries were not adequately included in the core of global economic discussion and governance. Additionally, the G20 Summits of heads of state or government were held. After the 2008 debut summit in Washington, DC, G20 leaders met twice a year: in London and Pittsburgh in 2009, and in Toronto and Seoul in 2010. Since 2011, when France chaired and hosted the G20, the summits have been held only once a year. The 2016 summit was held in Hangzhou, China, and 2017 summit was held in Hamburg, Germany. A number of other ministerial-level G20 meetings have been