Clark Manning through 2010, in that year earning $2.1 million compensation. After stepping down from CEO of Jackson National Life in 2010, Manning was to serve as an adviser through the end of 2011. Tidjane Thiam, CEO of Prudential plc, praised Manning's for leaving at JNL "a strong legacy, having put together over the years a first-class management team and achieved excellent results...". Manning also was an analyst at Prudential Equity Group's Research Division (part of U.S.-based Prudential Financial and entirely unrelated to U.K.-based Prudential plc) at some point in his career. In 2015, he is a director and chairman of the
Tidjane Thiam 20 members of the External Advisory Council of the World Bank Institute, which the Institute relies on for advice and guidance. Thiam is a member of the Africa Progress Panel (APP), a group of ten distinguished individuals who advocate at the highest levels for equitable and sustainable development in Africa. Every year, the Panel releases a report, the Africa Progress Report, that outlines an issue of immediate importance to the continent and suggests a set of associated policies. In 2012, the Africa Progress Report highlighted issues of Jobs, Justice, and Equity. In January 2011 Thiam was appointed chairman of the