Action of 22 January 1809 Action of 22 January 1809 The Action of 22 January 1809 was a minor naval engagement fought off the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe during the Napoleonic Wars. The action was fought as part of the blockade of Guadeloupe and neighbouring Martinique by a large British Royal Navy squadron, which was seeking to cut the islands off from contact and supplies from France by preventing the passage of shipping from Europe to the islands. The British blockade was part of their preparation for planned invasions during the next year. The French made numerous efforts to supply their colonies during this period,
Black Thursday (1960 Rome Olympics) 21st anniversary of Hitler’s invasion of Poland. 1 September in the Olympic Stadium was viewed at the time as a disaster for the United States, but in other Olympic events that day the Americans triumphed and, on subsequent days in the Olympic stadium, some limited success was restored to their track and field team. Black Thursday (1960 Rome Olympics) Black Thursday was the phrase coined by Oscar Fraley, to describe the failings of the fancied American favourites in their track and field events on Thursday 1 September 1960, at the Rome Olympics. The two most notable failures that day were