German fortification of Guernsey reduce the number and quality of troops required to defend the western ocean areas. Whilst the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine had their roles in protecting the islands from the Allies, the occupying forces put their main effort into land defences aimed at repelling a seaborne or airborne assault. The resulting construction work in the Channel Islands was extensive; it required thousands of workers and massive supplies of cement and steel. Tiny Guernsey received special treatment. It had the largest artillery pieces in the Channel Islands, tanks, and 12,000 troops: one soldier for every two civilians on the island, compared to France
SIMMON virtual machine for testing of a single guest program running there. CP-40 supported many virtual machines for time-sharing production work. CP-40 evolved by many stages into the present VM/CMS operating system. SIMMON was a useful test vehicle for many years. SIMMON was designed to dynamically include independently developed programs (test tools) for testing the target guest program. The SIMMON kernel maintained control over the hardware (and the guest) and coordinated invocation of the test tools. Two modes of operation were provided: In this mode, each instruction in the guest program was simulated without ever passing control directly to the guest.