Sonia Sotomayor time, and the Portuguese are generally excluded from its meaning. Sotomayor is among four women to have historically served on the Court, together with Sandra Day O'Connor, Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Elena Kagan, the last of whom won confirmation a year after Sotomayor by a comparable 63–37 vote. Sotomayor's appointment gave the Court a record six Roman Catholic justices serving at the same time. Sotomayor became one of the three youngest of the justices sitting on the Court, along with John Roberts and Elena Kagan. Sotomayor cast her first vote as an associate Supreme Court justice on August 17, 2009,
Stereotypes of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States has implications for the overall educational journey of Hispanic and Latino students. Performing poorly on standardized tests could lead to limitations in the options available for furthering education. Another experimental study of Latino undergraduate students found that Latino students in the stereotype threat condition performed worse on an exam than all other students with which they were compared (Latino students in non-stereotype threat condition and White students in both stereotype threat and non-stereotype threat conditions). A study by Fischer (2009) found that Hispanic college students who internalize negative stereotypes about themselves tend to spend less hours studying, further decreasing their