Page header running header or running headline, is a header that appears on each standard page. Running heads do not usually appear on display pages such as title pages, or on other front or back matter. Running heads in a book typically consist of the title on the left-hand (verso) page, and the chapter title on the right-hand (recto) page; or the chapter title on the verso and subsection title/subhead on the recto, aiding the reader's navigation by showing what content exists within the two-page spread at hand. A special case of the latter is in dictionaries, whose running heads are called
Title page student number), the date, name of the professor, and name of the institution. The title page is not numbered. Title pages are not required in all citation styles; instead, some styles require that the same information is placed at the top of the essay's first page. The title page for a thesis contains the full title, the author's name and academic credentials, the degree-granting faculty and department name, the name of the university and date of graduation, and the universal copyright symbol. The thesis title page is usually page i, but is not numbered; the abstract (page ii) is the