Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions the ZCTU launched a major economic policy statement, 'Beyond ESAP', criticising the Mugabe government's adoption of the Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP). The ESAP involved the introduction of neoliberal macroeconomic policies, at the encouragement of the World Bank. The ZCTU was the main force behind the formation of the opposition party, the Movement for Democratic Change, established in 1999. The Secretary-General of the ZCTU, Morgan Tsvangirai, later became the President of the MDC. As of January 2014 the following unions were affiliated to the ZCTU. Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions The Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions is the primary trade
Umbrella for Democratic Change Umbrella for Democratic Change The Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC) is a political alliance in Botswana. The UDC was founded in November 2012 by members from various opposition parties, including the BDP and BMD. They rallied together in the run-up to the 2014 elections by the Botswana National Front (BNF), the Botswana Movement for Democracy and the Botswana People's Party with the aim of uniting the opposition in the 2014 elections. In February 2017 the Botswana Congress Party, which contested the 2014 elections independently, joined the coalition. The coalition is currently led by Duma Boko from the BNF and plans