Kingdom of Scotland support of a major naval power in the North Sea. The development of naval power allowed Robert to successfully defeat English attempts to capture him in the Highlands and Islands and to blockade major English controlled fortresses at Perth and Stirling, the last forcing Edward II to attempt the relief that resulted in English defeat at Bannockburn in 1314. Scottish naval forces allowed invasions of the Isle of Man in 1313 and 1317 and Ireland in 1315. They were also crucial in the blockade of Berwick, which led to its fall in 1318. After the establishment of Scottish independence, Robert
Robert Bruce, 2nd Baron of Clackmannan and killed on 23 July 1403, during the Battle of Shrewsbury, and his son Robert succeeded him as third baron. Robert Bruce, 2nd Baron of Clackmannan Sir Robert Bruce, 2nd Baron of Clackmannan & Rate (died 23 July 1403) was the son of Sir Thomas Bruce 1st Baron of Clackmannan and Marjorie Charteris of Stenhouse. Robert Bruce was born in Clackmannan, Scotland the son of Thomas Bruce, 1st Baron of Clackmannan and his wife Marjory. Robert received more land in Clackmannan in 1359 from his cousin, King David II, and additional land in Rate, Scotland in 1367. He married Isabel