Self-Reliance that would become "Self-Reliance" was presented by Ralph Waldo Emerson as part of a sermon in September 1830 a month after his first marriage. His wife Ellen was sick with tuberculosis and, as Emerson's biographer Robert D. Richardson wrote, "Immortality had never been stronger or more desperately needed!" From 1836 into 1837, Emerson presented a series of lectures on the philosophy of history at Boston's Masonic Temple. These lectures were never published separately, but many of his thoughts in these were later used in "Self-Reliance" and several other essays. Later lectures by Emerson led to public censure of his radical
Mark Quayle (advocate, b. 1841) Mark Quayle (advocate, b. 1841) Mark Hildesley Quayle, QC (1841 – 3 November 1928) was a Manx lawyer and the second son of Mark Hildesley Quayle a former Clerk of the Rolls on the Isle of Man and a Member of the House of Keys. Quayle was the second son of Mark Hildesley Quayle (1804–1879) and Mary Quayle (née Spedding). His father, grandfather, great-grandfather and great-great grandfather had all served as the Clerks of the Rolls on the Isle of Man, being part of a prominent Manx family who had held official positions in the Government of the Isle of