Civil liberties of the United Kingdom. In addition, the United Kingdom is a signatory to the European Convention on Human Rights which covers both human rights and civil liberties. The Human Rights Act 1998 incorporates the great majority of Convention rights directly into UK law. In June 2008 the then Shadow Home Secretary David Davis resigned his parliamentary seat over what he described as the "erosion of civil liberties" by the then Labour government, and was re-elected on a civil liberties platform (although he was not opposed by candidates of other major parties). This was in reference to anti-terrorism laws and in
UK Parliamentary by-elections the 1967 Hamilton by-election. In some cases, an MP or MPs may deliberately trigger a by-election to make a political point, as when all the sitting Unionist MPs in Northern Ireland resigned together in 1986 or as occurred in the Haltemprice and Howden by-election, 2008. For a list of by-election results since 2010, see: List of United Kingdom by-elections For a list of exceptional results and records in the history of by-elections in the United Kingdom, see: United Kingdom by-election records UK Parliamentary by-elections A parliamentary by-election occurs in the United Kingdom following a vacancy arising in the House of