United Movement for Democratic Change United Movement for Democratic Change United Movement for Democratic Change is a Zimbabwean political party founded in November 2014 as a merger of two parties descended from the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC): the Movement for Democratic Change – Ncube (MDC-N) headed by Welshman Ncube, which broke away from MDC in 2005, and the MDC Renewal Team led by Tendai Biti, which broke away from Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai in 2014 in protest against what they saw as the ineffectual leadership and increasingly authoritarian tendencies of party chairman Morgan Tsvangirai. The party is intended as the core of
Robert Mugabe reserved for white representatives, and left parliament less relevant and independent. In the build-up to the 1990 election, parliamentary reforms increased the number of seats to 120; of these, twenty were to be appointed by the President and ten by the Council of Chiefs. This measure made it more difficult for any opposition to Mugabe to gain a parliamentary majority. The main opposition party in that election were the Zimbabwe Unity Movement (ZUM), launched in April 1989 by Tekere; although a longstanding friend of Mugabe, Tekere accused him of betraying the revolution and establishing a dictatorship. ZANU-PF propaganda made threats