Single-handed sailing circumnavigation, as it was contained within the southern hemisphere; however, he made the first single-handed passage of the three great capes, and indeed the first successful single-handed passage of Cape Horn. With only three landfalls, Vito Dumas described the legs of his trip as the longest that had been made by a single-hander, and in the most ferocious oceans on the Earth. Organised single-handed yacht racing was pioneered by Britons "Blondie" Hasler and Francis Chichester, who conceived the idea of a single-handed race across the Atlantic Ocean. This was a revolutionary concept at the time, as the idea was thought
Single-use bioreactor validation procedures can be made easier, and will finally lead to significant cost reductions. The application of single-use bioreactors reduces the risk of cross contamination and enhances the biological and process safety. Single-use applications are especially suitable for any kind of biopharmaceutical product. Single-use bioreactors contain fewer parts compared with conventional bioreactors, so the initial and maintenance costs are reduced. Limiting factor for the use of "some" single-use bioreactors is the achievable oxygen transfer, represented by the specific mass transfer coefficient (k) for the specific phase area (a), resulting in the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient (ka). Theoretically this can