Human rights in Zimbabwe men, and to a lesser extent homosexual women, from fully expressing their sexual orientation. In some cases it also criminalises the display of affection between men. The criminal code has been amended to define sodomy to include "any act involving physical contact between males that would be regarded by a reasonable person to be an indecent act." Since 1975 there has been numerous cases of racism in Zimbabwe, resulting in forced eviction of white communities. In 2008, parliamentary and presidential elections were held. The Opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), led by Morgan Tsvangirai, won both the parliamentary election and
LGBT rights in Zimbabwe Church in the 1980s and 90s, arguing that homosexuality is a sin and practising homosexuals could never be accepted into the church. His successor as bishop, Nolbert Kunonga, accused Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams of "heresy", and suggested he was "coming to lobby for homosexuality". Zimbabwe does not recognise same-sex marriage or civil unions. In 2013, the Zimbabwe Constitution was amended to define marriage as being between a man and a woman. President of Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe, from 1980 to 2017, has actively carried out actions against LGBT people and spoken out in public against homosexuality. Mugabe received worldwide criticism