Bloomsbury Group Virginia and Leonard Woolf from 1919. Much about Bloomsbury appears to be controversial, including its membership and name: indeed, some would maintain that "the three words 'the Bloomsbury group' have been so much used as to have become almost unusable". Close friends, brothers, sisters, and even sometimes partners of the friends were not necessarily members of Bloomsbury: Keynes’s wife Lydia Lopokova was only reluctantly accepted into the group, and there were certainly "writers who were at some time close friends of Virginia Woolf, but who were distinctly not 'Bloomsbury': T. S. Eliot, Katherine Mansfield, Hugh Walpole". Another is Vita Sackville-West,
Virginia Woolf Jeweller" (originally titled "The Duchess and the Jew") has been considered anti-semitic. Yet Woolf and her husband Leonard came to despise and fear the 1930s fascism and antisemitism. Her 1938 book "Three Guineas" was an indictment of fascism and what Woolf described as a recurring propensity among patriarchal societies to enforce repressive societal mores by violence. Though at least one biography of Virginia Woolf appeared in her lifetime, the first authoritative study of her life was published in 1972 by her nephew Quentin Bell. Hermione Lee's 1996 biography "Virginia Woolf" provides a thorough and authoritative examination of Woolf's life and