Voltaire in the Enlightenment", begun by Bestermann as "Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century", which has reached more than 500 volumes. History Voltaire wrote between fifty and sixty plays, including a few unfinished ones. Among them are: Informational notes Citations Bibliography In French Primary sources Voltaire François-Marie Arouet (; 21 November 169430 May 1778), known by his "nom de plume" Voltaire (; ), was a French Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher famous for his wit, his criticism of Christianity, especially the Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and separation of church and state. Voltaire
Marie Émilie de Joly de Choin to the king, they were both exiled from court. The relationship to Louis did not end, however. Marie Émilie married Louis secretly in 1694. No details are known of the ceremony, but on 19 July 1694, Louis referred to her as his legal spouse in a letter to his father's wife, Madame de Maintenon. Marie Émilie did not, however, acquire the title of "Dauphine" but continued to be officially referred to as Mademoiselle de Choin; the marriage was not officially mentioned or recognized, and she did not participate in court life. Marie Émilie resided in the palace of Meudon, where