Jules Verne magazine. (The manuscript, believed lost for some time after Verne's death, was finally published in 1994.) The relationship between publisher and writer changed significantly around 1869, when Verne and Hetzel were brought into conflict over the manuscript for "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea". Verne had initially conceived of the submariner Captain Nemo as a Polish scientist whose acts of vengeance were directed against the Russians who had killed his family during the January uprising. Hetzel, not wanting to alienate the lucrative Russian market for Verne's books, demanded that Nemo be made an enemy of the slave trade, a situation
Nautilus (Verne) for ramming and destroying ships which are the targets of his piracy. The same book also features HMS "Sword", a small Royal Navy experimental submarine which is sunk after a valiant but unequal struggle with the pirate submarine. In the book "The Master of the World", Robur's secondary vehicle, "Terror", is a strange flying machine with submarine, automobile and speedboat capabilities. It briefly eludes naval forces on the Great Lakes by diving. Jules Verne's text in "20,000 Leagues under the Sea" provides a great deal of information about "Nautilus" as discussed on this page: Jules Verne's "Nautilus". Many artists and