Voltaire Voltaire François-Marie Arouet (; 21 November 169430 May 1778), known by his "nom de plume" Voltaire (; ), was a French Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher famous for his wit, his criticism of Christianity, especially the Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and separation of church and state. Voltaire was a versatile and prolific writer, producing works in almost every literary form, including plays, poems, novels, essays and historical and scientific works. He wrote more than 20,000 letters and more than 2,000 books and pamphlets. He was an outspoken advocate of civil liberties, despite
Struve 1694 Struve 1694 Struve 1694 (Σ 1694, Struve 1694) is a double star in the constellation Camelopardalis. Σ 1694 is a double star, with components of magnitudes 5.3 and 5.9: Norton's Star Atlas describes the pair as yellowish and bluish. Σ 1694 was also known as 32H. Camelopardalis, Hevelius' 32nd of Camelopardalis. It is not Flamsteed's "32 Camelopardalis", which is ξ Aurigae. In the "British Association Catalogue", the star pair are listed as being in Ursa Minor. In Chinese, (), meaning "North Pole", refers to an asterism consisting of Σ 1694, γ Ursae Minoris, β Ursae Minoris, 5 Ursae Minoris and