Giuseppe Ravizza Giuseppe Ravizza Giuseppe Ravizza, a prolific typewriter inventor, was born in Novara, Italy in 1811 (died 1885), and spent nearly 40 years of his life obsessively grappling with the complexities of inventing a usable writing machine. He called his invention "" because of its piano-type keys and keyboard. The story of the 16 models he produced between 1847 and the early 1880s is described in "The Writing Machine" and illustrated from Ravizza’s 1855 patent, which bears similarities to the later upstroke design of the Sholes and Glidden typewriter. In 1868, the American Christopher Latham Sholes (1819-1890) patented, on behalf of
Malcolm Scholes Malcolm Scholes Wing Commander Malcolm Scholes (17 October 1924 – 11 November 2008) was a British Royal Air Force (RAF) pilot most notable for completing two tours of operations in World War II with Bomber Command’s Pathfinder Force whilst still a teenager. Scholes was educated at Wakefield Technical College. He joined the RAF on his 18th birthday. He completed 54 missions with Bomber Command during the Second World War, which saw his aircraft hit by flak 11 times. His citation for the DFM stated that he had "set an example of tenacity and enthusiasm to the rest of the squadron".