Politics of Germany Economist Intelligence Unit has rated Germany as a "full democracy" in 2017. After 1949, the Federal Republic of Germany had Christian Democratic chancellors for 20 years until a coalition between the Social Democrats and the Liberals took over. From 1982, Christian Democratic leader Helmut Kohl was chancellor in a coalition with the Liberals for 16 years. In this period fell the reunification of Germany, in 1990: the German Democratic Republic joined the Federal Republic. In the former GDR's territory, five "Länder" (states) were established or reestablished. The two parts of Berlin united as one "Land" (state). The political system of
Mathematics in Nazi Germany would begin with a Nazi salute, a practice that Erich Hecke declined to implement in his classroom. Even before Hitler's rise to power, some mathematicians had already emigrated to the United States for various reasons. John von Neumann had taken a position at the California Institute of Technology in 1929 because he felt anti-semitism in Germany was effecting his career. By 1933, von Neumann had a position at Princeton; though he had maintained ties with Germany until then, he canceled his scheduled lectures in Berlin after Hitler became Chancellor. Other early emigrants from Germany included Theodor Estermann, Hans Freudenthal, Eberhard