Niccolò Machiavelli became a term describing someone or something that is "marked by cunning, duplicity, or bad faith". "Machiavellianism" also remains a popular term used in speeches and journalism; while in psychology, it denotes a personality type. While Machiavellianism is notable in the works of Machiavelli, Machiavelli's works are complex and he is generally agreed to have been more than just "Machiavellian" himself. For example, J.G.A. saw him as a major source of the republicanism that spread throughout England and North America in the 17th and 18th centuries and Leo , whose view of Machiavelli is quite different in many ways, agreed
Robert Bates (political scientist) Robert Bates (political scientist) Robert Hinrichs Bates (born 1942) is an American political scientist. He is Eaton Professor of the Science of Government in the Departments of Government and African and African American Studies at Harvard University. From 2000-2012, he served as Professeur associe, School of Economics, University of Toulouse. After graduating from Haverford College in 1964, Bates took his Ph.D. in Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He has also studied anthropology (at Manchester University and the School of Oriental and African Studies) and economics (at Stanford University) at the graduate level. He joined the faculty of