Force suspended on a vertical spring scale experiences the force of gravity acting on the object balanced by a force applied by the "spring reaction force", which equals the object's weight. Using such tools, some quantitative force laws were discovered: that the force of gravity is proportional to volume for objects of constant density (widely exploited for millennia to define standard weights); Archimedes' principle for buoyancy; Archimedes' analysis of the lever; Boyle's law for gas pressure; and Hooke's law for springs. These were all formulated and experimentally verified before Isaac Newton expounded his Three Laws of Motion. Dynamic equilibrium was first
Lorentz invariance in loop quantum gravity has black holes and loop quantum gravity connecting early universes together. Loop quantum gravity can be pulled into black holes. In Fecund universes, each new universes, according to Lee Smolin, has slightly different laws of physics. Because these laws are only slightly different, each is assumed to be like a mutation of the early universes. Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is a quantization of a classical Lagrangian field theory. It is equivalent to the usual Einstein–Cartan theory in that it leads to the same equations of motion describing general relativity with torsion. As such, it can be argued that LQG respects