Haiku in English popular in English-language schools as a way to encourage the appreciation and writing of poetry. "Haiku" is a term sometimes loosely applied to any short, impressionistic poem, but there are certain characteristics that are commonly associated with the genre: Some additional traits are especially associated with English-language haiku (as opposed to Japanese-language haiku): Arguably, the first successful haiku in English was "In a Station of the Metro" by Ezra Pound, published in 1913. During the Imagist period, a number of mainstream poets, including Pound, wrote what they called "hokku", usually in a five-six-four syllable pattern. American poet Amy Lowell published
Japanese consonant and vowel verbs verbs ended in "-hu," which is still seen on occasion in historical kana usage, and thus unambiguously ended in "h". The terms "consonant-stem" and "vowel-stem" come from considering the invariant part of the verb (the verb stem) on the basis of phonemes – concretely, by writing in rōmaji. This is an abstract perspective, as the consonant stem itself never occurs independently, but only with a following vowel, as Japanese words are formed of morae – concretely, writing in kana. For example, while the stem of "yomu" is "yom-," the bare *"yom" is not an independent word. The standard Japanese terms,