Jamaica Labour Party come out on top in the first ballot, with Shearer and Robert Lightbourne being the other candidates. Under Shearer, the JLP lost power for the first time to the People's National Party and Michael Manley in 1972. Shearer served as Opposition Leader until 1974. Bustamante finally gave up the post of party leader in 1974, and Edward Seaga was elected his successor. The party lost the 1976 elections, but Seaga became Prime Minister after victory in 1980 when the party won by a landslide, capturing 51 of the then 60 parliamentary seats. In 1983 with the JLP achieving a spike
Human rights in Jamaica duopoly which was composed of two labor organized parties: the People's National Party; led by Norman Manley in 1938, and the Jamaica Labour Party; led by Alexander Bustamante in 1943. In the mid-1940s, the JLP and Bustamante held the majority in Jamaica's limited-autonomy government under the authority of the Colonial office in London and the governor for a decade. Then in 1955 the PNP and Manley gained back the majority. In 1961, Jamaicans favored the stand-alone sovereignty government status proposed by Alexander Bustamante and the JLP to the Federation status proposed by Norman Manley and the PNP. In 1962, Jamaica