Emotions and culture society. Therefore, it can be said that culture is a necessary framework for researchers to understand variations in emotions. In Darwin's opening chapter of "The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals", (1872/1998) Darwin considered the face to be the preeminent medium of emotional expression in humans, and capable of representing both major emotions and subtle variations within each one. Darwin's ideas about facial expressions and his reports of cultural differences became the foundation for ethological research strategies. Silvan Tomkins' (1962) "Affect Theory" 1963) built upon Darwin's research, arguing that facial expressions are biologically based, and universal manifestations of
History of beliefs about the human body as imbalances of the 4 fluids of the body. Aristotle was unable to dissect humans but did so to many animals and was a early founder of comparative anatomy. Aristotle did contend quasi spiritual manifestations of the body principally through sexual distinctions. He wrote that the sex of humans: “is determined by the male principle already contained in the semen. If this is not strong enough, then the opposite must necessarily come into existence, and the opposite of man is woman.” Aristotle clearly superimposed man as the more important figure in men and women but presents an almost Qi like