Reflexology Similar practices have been documented in the histories of China and Egypt. Reflexology was introduced to the United States in 1913 by William H. Fitzgerald, M.D. (1872–1942), an ear, nose, and throat specialist, and Edwin F. Bowers. Fitzgerald claimed that applying pressure had an anesthetic effect on other areas of the body. It was modified in the 1930s and 1940s by Eunice D. Ingham (1889–1974), a nurse and physiotherapist. Ingham claimed that the feet and hands were especially sensitive, and mapped the entire body into "reflexes" on the feet, renaming "zone therapy" reflexology. "Modern reflexologists use Ingham's methods, or similar
The Berlin Patient The Berlin Patient The Berlin patient is a phrase that has been used on two distinct and unrelated occasions: in the first case, to describe a person who has exhibited prolonged "post treatment control" of HIV viral load after HIV treatments were interrupted; and in the second case, to describe the one individual who is considered to have been cured of HIV infection. Both cases originated in Berlin, Germany. The first Berlin patient was described in 1998. After receiving an experimental therapy, the patient, who has remained anonymous, has maintained low levels of HIV and has remained off antiretroviral therapy.