Vatican Secret Archives popes also survive, including John VIII (pope 872-882) and Gregory VII (pope 1073-1085). Documentation is scant before the 13th century. Since that time, notable documents include items such as Henry VIII of England's request for a marriage annulment, a handwritten transcript of the trial against Galileo for heresy, and letters from Michelangelo complaining he had not been paid for work on the Sistine Chapel. The Archives also support their own photographic and conservation studios. The entrance to the Archives, adjacent to the Vatican Library, is through the Porta di S. Anna in via di Porta Angelica (rione of Borgo). New
Heresy in Judaism below is intended to be inclusive, and thus contains both individuals who have been fully excommunicated, as well as those whose works alone have been condemned as heretical. (The list is in chronological order.) The JE cites the following sources: Heresy in Judaism Jewish heretics ("minim", from "minuth", Hebrew for "heretic") are Jewish individuals (often historically, philosophers) whose works have, in part or in whole, been condemned as heretical by significant persons or groups in the larger Jewish community based on the classical teachings of Rabbinic Judaism and derived from "halakha" (Jewish religious law). The Greek term for heresy, αἵρεσις,