Niccolò Machiavelli became a term describing someone or something that is "marked by cunning, duplicity, or bad faith". "Machiavellianism" also remains a popular term used in speeches and journalism; while in psychology, it denotes a personality type. While Machiavellianism is notable in the works of Machiavelli, Machiavelli's works are complex and he is generally agreed to have been more than just "Machiavellian" himself. For example, J.G.A. saw him as a major source of the republicanism that spread throughout England and North America in the 17th and 18th centuries and Leo , whose view of Machiavelli is quite different in many ways, agreed
John Armstrong (British writer/philosopher) John Armstrong (British writer/philosopher) John Armstrong (born 1966) is a British writer and philosopher living in Hobart, Australia. He was born in Glasgow and educated at Oxford and London, later directing the philosophy program at the University of London's School of Advanced Study. Armstrong was philosopher in residence at the Melbourne Business School and senior adviser to the vice-chancellor of Melbourne University until 2014. In 2014 he became a professorial fellow at the University of Tasmania. He is author of several books on philosophical themes. Armstrong's work has covered a range of themes including art, beauty, and civilisation. His work