Sultanzade Sultanzade Sultanzade is an Ottoman title for sons of sultana or imperial princesses, female descendants of sovereign in male line. The feminime equivalent is "hanımsultan". Sultan (سلطان) is a word Arabic origin, originally meaning "authority" or "dominion" and "-zade" is a Persian suffix meaning 'son of', 'daughter of', 'descendant of', or 'born of'. Sultanzade literally meaning "descendant of sultan". In Ottoman family, sultanzade used by sons of Ottoman princesses, female descendants of sovereign in male line. Different with şehzade, sultanzade excluded from the Ottoman imperial succession. The formal way of addressing sultanzades are "Sultanzade" (given name) "Bey-Efendi", i.e. "Sir" Prince
Romanization of Arabic such as the Latin-based Arabic chat alphabet. Different systems and strategies have been developed to address the inherent problems of rendering various Arabic varieties in the Latin script. Examples of such problems are the symbols for Arabic phonemes that do not exist in English or other European languages; the means of representing the Arabic definite article, which is always spelled the same way in written Arabic but has numerous pronunciations in the spoken language depending on context; and the representation of short vowels (usually "i u" or "e o", accounting for variations such as "Muslim/Moslem" or "Mohammed/Muhammad/Mohamed"). Romanization is often