Reed water tube boiler straight tubes through which water and steam circulated more freely, it was considered by some contemporary writers on the subject such as Leslie S. Robertson as "behind" in its circulation because of the absence of down-comers. Whereas the Yarrow boilers fitted to the armoured cruiser of 1905 evaporated 11.664 pounds (5.291 kg) of water per pound (454 g) of coal at 100 degrees centigrade (212 degrees Fahrenheit) with natural draught, by the same measure a Reed boiler as fitted to the torpedo boat destroyer of 1896 evaporated 12 pounds (5.44 kg). An advantage of the Yarrow boiler was in weight:
Centigrade (film) originally to go to another actor, but difficulties forced Cunningham to take the part himself. The script was written 17 years ago; Madison Graie suggested to Cunningham that they apply for the Directors Guild of Canada's "Kickstart Program" to make "Fahrenheit" ("Centigrade"'s original title). The pair won one of the five Kickstart awards and used the $20,000 CAD prize to make the film. Due to signing with Shorts International, "Centigrade" will be available on iTunes, the first Canadian live action short to appear there. Cunningham and Graie are working on turning "Centigrade" into a feature film. "Centigrade"'s Award for Best