Reed water tube boiler straight tubes through which water and steam circulated more freely, it was considered by some contemporary writers on the subject such as Leslie S. Robertson as "behind" in its circulation because of the absence of down-comers. Whereas the Yarrow boilers fitted to the armoured cruiser of 1905 evaporated 11.664 pounds (5.291 kg) of water per pound (454 g) of coal at 100 degrees centigrade (212 degrees Fahrenheit) with natural draught, by the same measure a Reed boiler as fitted to the torpedo boat destroyer of 1896 evaporated 12 pounds (5.44 kg). An advantage of the Yarrow boiler was in weight:
Sea level rise decline in soil and water quality, and loss of tourism, recreation, and transportation functions. Many of these impacts are detrimental — especially for the three-quarters of the world's poor who depend on agriculture systems. Owing to the great diversity of coastal environments; regional and local differences in projected relative sea level and climate changes; and differences in the resilience and adaptive capacity of ecosystems, sectors, and countries, the impacts will be highly variable in time and space. River deltas in Africa and Asia and small island states are particularly vulnerable to sea-level rise. Globally tens of millions of people will