Reed water tube boiler straight tubes through which water and steam circulated more freely, it was considered by some contemporary writers on the subject such as Leslie S. Robertson as "behind" in its circulation because of the absence of down-comers. Whereas the Yarrow boilers fitted to the armoured cruiser of 1905 evaporated 11.664 pounds (5.291 kg) of water per pound (454 g) of coal at 100 degrees centigrade (212 degrees Fahrenheit) with natural draught, by the same measure a Reed boiler as fitted to the torpedo boat destroyer of 1896 evaporated 12 pounds (5.44 kg). An advantage of the Yarrow boiler was in weight:
Eustatic sea level Eustatic sea level The eustatic sea level is the distance from the center of the earth to the sea surface. An increase of the eustatic sea level can be generated by decreasing glaciation, slower spreading rates of the mid-ocean ridges or fewer mid-oceanic ridges. Conversely increasing glaciation, faster spreading rates or more mid-ocean ridges lead to a fall of the eustatic sea level. Changes in the eustatic sea level lead to changes in accommodation and therefore affect the deposition of sediments in marine environments. Eustatic (global) sea level refers to the sea level change of the volume of Earth’s oceans.