The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals in the James-Lange theory of emotions, James develops Darwin's emphasis on the physical aspects, including the visceral (autonomically mediated) components of emotion. In Walter Cannon's "Bodily Changes in Pain, Hunger, Fear and Rage" (1915), Cannon introduces the famous phrase "fight or flight response", formulating emotions in terms of strategies for interpersonal behaviour. More recent psychological theories of emotion have been set out in the Papez-Maclean hypothesis and the Two factor theory of emotion. On 24 January 1895, James Crichton-Browne delivered a notable lecture in Dumfries, Scotland "On Emotional Expression", presenting some of his reservations about Darwin's views. Crichton-Browne argued for
History of beliefs about the human body as imbalances of the 4 fluids of the body. Aristotle was unable to dissect humans but did so to many animals and was a early founder of comparative anatomy. Aristotle did contend quasi spiritual manifestations of the body principally through sexual distinctions. He wrote that the sex of humans: “is determined by the male principle already contained in the semen. If this is not strong enough, then the opposite must necessarily come into existence, and the opposite of man is woman.” Aristotle clearly superimposed man as the more important figure in men and women but presents an almost Qi like