Caving the cave itself from contaminants. Ropes are used for descending or ascending pitches (single rope technique or SRT) or for protection. Knots commonly used in caving are the figure-of-eight- (or figure-of-nine-) loop, bowline, alpine butterfly, and Italian hitch. Ropes are usually rigged using bolts, slings, and carabiners. In some cases cavers may choose to bring and use a flexible metal ladder. In addition to the equipment already described, cavers frequently carry packs containing first-aid kits, emergency equipment, and food. Containers for securely transporting urine are also commonly carried. On longer trips, containers for securely transporting feces out of the cave
Rolling hitch of several other names, although some sources fail to differentiate by using a separate name. This version is preferred when attaching a rope to pole or rod. It is effectively a clove hitch with an extra initial turn. This version is preferred when attaching rope to another rope. The first two turns create an awning hitch − a temporary hitch used by riggers when adjusting tent lines. These first two turns are merely a subtle rearrangement in the position of the turns of #1734. This is tied exactly as #1734, but with the final hitch in the opposite direction. It