Percival Lowell detail in mid-1896 soon after the Alvan Clark & Sons refracting telescope was installed at his new Flagstaff, Arizona observatory. Lowell observed the planet high in the daytime sky with the telescope's lens stopped down to 3 inches in diameter to reduce the effect of the turbulent daytime atmosphere. Lowell observed spoke-like surface features including a central dark spot, contrary to what was suspected then (and known now): that Venus has no surface features visible from Earth, being covered in an atmosphere that is opaque. It has been noted in a 2003 "Journal for the History of Astronomy" paper and
Lowell State College 9, 1974. These buildings were built in the style of brutalism. The school gained university status in 1959. In 1972, a feasibility study was conducted on merging the school with the nearby Lowell Technological Institute. In 1975, the schools merged to form the University of Lowell. The name was changed in 1991 to the University of Massachusetts Lowell when the institution joined the University of Massachusetts system. Today, the school's campus is known as the South Campus of UMass Lowell. Lowell State College Lowell State College was a public college located in Lowell, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1894 as