Timeline of United States discoveries 4–6, 1942 and the decisive turning point of the Pacific War when the United States Navy defeated an attack by the Empire of Japan. First known as "Middlebrooks Islands", Midway Atoll was discovered by U.S. Captain N.C. Brooks aboard his ship, "Gambia", on July 8, 1859. 1859 Petroleum jelly Petroleum jelly, petrolatum or soft paraffin is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons originally promoted as a topical ointment for its healing properties. The raw material for petroleum jelly was discovered in 1859 by Robert Chesebrough, a chemist from New York. In 1870, this product was branded as Vaseline Petroleum Jelly. 1873
Jelly doughnut lamp alight for eight." Jelly doughnut A jelly (or jam) doughnut is a doughnut filled with jelly filling. Varieties include the German Berliner, Australia, Britain and Nigeria's jam doughnuts, sufganiyot from Israel, and the jelly-filled doughnuts sold in the United States and Canada. Japanese anpan are similar to the Berliner, except they contain red bean paste. Krafne from Eastern Europe also include a jelly-filled variety. In Italy, bomboloni are popular. Austria also has a jelly doughnut known as krapfen that is typically filled with apricot jam and topped with powdered sugar. The Polish pączki is also similar to a jelly