Panama disease include mostly sanitation and quarantine practices to prevent the spread of Panama disease out of infected fields. However, the most effective tool against Panama disease is the development of banana trees resistant to "Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense". Unfortunately, the clonal reproduction of banana has led to a consequential lack of other varieties. Efforts are being made to produce resistant varieties, but with bananas being triploids which do not produce seeds, this is not an easy task. Creating clones from tissue cultures, rather than suckers, has proven somewhat successful in breeding resistant varieties, however, these tend to have decreased success
Crop coefficient Crop coefficient Crop coefficients are properties of plants used in predicting evapotranspiration (ET). The most basic crop coefficient, "K", is simply the ratio of ET observed for the crop studied over that observed for the well calibrated reference crop under the same conditions. formula_1 Potential evapotranspiration (PET), is the evaporation and transpiration that potentially could occur if a field of the crop had an ideal unlimited water supply. RET is the reference ET often denoted as ET. Even in agricultural crops, where ideal conditions are approximated as much as is practical, plants are not always growing (and therefore transpiring) at