History of nursing in the United Kingdom matrons, whose work was largely administrative, even more so. Nursing in the Poor Law infirmaries, such as it was, was largely carried out by able-bodied paupers, who were not paid. In 1866 there were a total of 53 nurses employed in the 11 metropolitan workhouses, at an average salary of £20 18s. Florence Nightingale is regarded as the founder of modern nursing profession. There was no hospital training school for nurses until one was established in Kaiserwerth, Germany, in 1846. There, Nightingale received the training that enabled her in 1860 to establish, at St Thomas' Hospital in London, the first
Anne Marie Rafferty Pennsylvania, where she worked with Dr Linda Aiken on the role of nursing in the Clinton Administration's health care reform agenda. Her research interests combine history, health policy and health services research. She was appointed Director, Centre for Policy in Nursing Research at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in 1994, and subsequently Head, Health Services Research Unit. She took up the position of Dean of the Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London in November 2004 and completed two terms. She is now a Professor of Nursing Policy within the Florence Nightingale Faculty of