Royal Order of Saint George for the Defense of the Immaculate Conception Saint George, which by decision of the Holy See in 1701 was recognized as pertaining to the Italian Farnese dynasty. The tradition of loyalty to the patron saint of chivalry, Saint George, was long established in Germany, and various Bavarian Princes who in the fifteenth century had made pilgrimages to the Holy Sepulcher and were there invested as knights had each made a promise to Saint George. Maximilian's son, the Elector Karl-Albrecht, gave the new Order its title of Order of the Holy Knight and Martyr Saint George and the Immaculate Conception of the Holy Virgin Mary and established its
Campo Maior, Portugal the garrison sided with Castile following the 1383–1385 Crisis. King John I of Portugal and Constable Nuno Álvares Pereira led their armies to Campo and besieged the town for six weeks, finally occupying it at the end of 1388. King John II (1481–1495) granted a new coat-of-arms to Campo Maior: a white shield, with the Arms of Portugal on one side, and John the Baptist, patron saint of the town, on the other side. In 1512, King Manuel I renewed the charter ("foral") of Campo Maior. From the late 15th Century, many of those persecuted by the Inquisition in Castile