Reflexology Similar practices have been documented in the histories of China and Egypt. Reflexology was introduced to the United States in 1913 by William H. Fitzgerald, M.D. (1872–1942), an ear, nose, and throat specialist, and Edwin F. Bowers. Fitzgerald claimed that applying pressure had an anesthetic effect on other areas of the body. It was modified in the 1930s and 1940s by Eunice D. Ingham (1889–1974), a nurse and physiotherapist. Ingham claimed that the feet and hands were especially sensitive, and mapped the entire body into "reflexes" on the feet, renaming "zone therapy" reflexology. "Modern reflexologists use Ingham's methods, or similar
Interpersonal reconstructive therapy according to Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB), a technique developed by Dr. Benjamin. In SASB, behavior is described according to focus (focus on other, focus on self, or focus on self as if by other), affiliation (the hate-love axis), and interdependence (the emancipate-control axis). Once the case formulation has been made, therapy can proceed. The first step in therapy is the formation of the therapy alliance. The relationship between therapist and patient optimally will guide the patient toward forming healthier patterns of attachment. The therapist strives to collaborate with the part of the patient open to new patterns and