Incense "joss" is derived from the Latin "deus" (god) via the Portuguese "deos" through the Javanese "dejos", through Chinese pidgin English. The raw materials are powdered and then mixed together with a binder to form a paste, which, for direct burning incense, is then cut and dried into pellets. Incense of the Athonite Orthodox Christian tradition is made by powdering frankincense or fir resin, mixing it with essential oils. Floral fragrances are the most common, but citrus such as lemon is not uncommon. The incense mixture is then rolled out into a slab approximately 1 cm thick and left until the
West African Pidgin English Africa as a trading language. Their enslaved children born in the Americas would have adopted different versions of West African Pidgin English as their "native" languages, thus creating a series of New World English-based creoles. The similarities among the many English-based pidgin and creole languages spoken today on "both" sides of the Atlantic are due, at least in part, to their common derivation from the early West African Pidgin English. Note the following examples: "Dem dey go for go it res" -- They are going there to eat rice "Dem dey go chop rais" -- They are going there to