Crop diversity are all susceptible to a single fungus, "Fusarium oxysporum" (Panama disease); large areas of the crop were destroyed by the fungus in the 1950s. 'Gros Michel' has been replaced by the current main banana on the market, the 'Cavendish', which in turn is (2015) at risk of total loss to a strain of the same fungus, 'Tropical Race 4'. Such threats can be countered by strategies such as planting multi-line cultivars and cultivar mixes, in the hope that some of the cultivars will be resistant to any individual outbreak of disease. The implications of crop diversity are at both local
Sugarcane grassy shoot disease in boiling water for some time is suggested as a precaution. Phytoplasma infection also spreads through insect vectors; it is therefore important to control them. Sugarcane grassy shoot disease Sugarcane grassy shoot disease (SCGS), caused by small, parasitic bacteria, contributes to losses of 5% to 20% in the main crop of sugarcane, and these losses are higher in the ratoon crop. A higher incidence of SCGS has been recorded in some parts of Southeast Asia and India, resulting in 100% loss in cane yield and sugar production. Sugarcane is a vegetatively propagated crop, so the pathogen is transmitted via seed