Blackcurrant material from the gooseberry ("Ribes grossularia"), the red currant ("Ribes rubrum") and the flowering currant ("Ribes sanguineum"). The resulting offspring were further back-crossed to "R. nigrum". Cultivars produced include 'Tisel' and 'Tiben' in 2000 and 'Ores', 'Ruben' and 'Tines' in 2005. Further cultivars 'Polares' and 'Tihope' are being tested. Since 1991, New Zealand has become an important centre for research and development, as its temperate climate is particularly suitable for cultivation of the crop. Breeding programmes are concentrating on yield, large fruit size, consistency of cropping and upright habit. In North America, there is a need for this fruit to
Acer nigrum more deeply grooved bark, slightly smaller seeds, and thicker petioles. Hybrids are intermediate in their characteristics. The geographic range of "A. nigrum" is slightly more limited than the sugar maple, encompassing much of the Midwestern United States, portions of the Eastern United States, and the southeast of Canada in southern Ontario. The black maple's mature height ranges from 21 to 34 meters (70 to 110 feet). This species is used similarly to the "A. saccharum", for timber as hard maple, for landscaping, and for maple syrup production. Acer nigrum Acer nigrum (black maple) is a species of maple closely related