Marron glacé that a "marron glacé" is a confit marron that is covered in caramel. The 1767 book "L'agronome, ou dictionnaire portatif du cultivateur" claimed that the best marrons came from the Dauphiné region in southeastern France, and contained instructions for preparing marron glacés. Chestnuts are covered with a membrane, known as a pellicle or episperm, which closely adheres to the fruit's flesh and must be removed because of its astringency. Marron nuts have a pellicle which is "superficially attached to the nut", making it easily removable from the fruit. Some chestnuts have two cotyledons usually separated with deep grooves penetrating nearly
Coated paper to make paper cups and photographic paper. Biopolymer coatings are available as more sustainable alternatives to common petrochemical coatings like LDPE (see plastic-coated paper) or mylar. Printed papers commonly have a top coat of a protective polymer to seal the print, provide scuff resistance, and sometimes gloss. Some coatings are processed by UV curing for stability. A release liner is a paper (or film) sheet used to prevent a sticky surface from adhering. It is coated on one or both sides with a release agent. Heat printed papers such as receipts are often coated with estrogenic and carcinogenic poisons, such