Russian guitar usually differs from the wood in the rest of the neck. The neck joint or heel is the point at which the neck is attached to the body of the guitar. The fingerboard is made of hardwood (ebony or rosewood are common), fitted with metal frets of brass or steel. Fret spacing almost always follows the western twelve tone equal temperament (12-tet) system. The surface of the fingerboard may be flat or curved slightly ("radiused"), although the curve on the Russian guitar is usually somewhat less than that of an equivalent western 6-string guitar. Inlayed position markers are common, and
Standard tuning and drop down to lower open string notes. This is also more practical for the whole playing range of E–C♯ (on a 21-fret guitar), as it can fit easily into the treble clef when written as E–C♯. Transposing by an octave may be explicitly indicated by a suboctave clef, where a treble clef has an '8' placed below it, or a normal treble clef may be used for simplicity. Other plucked string instruments and their respective standard tunings include: Standard tuning In music, standard tuning refers to the typical tuning of a string instrument. This notion is contrary to that