Water on Mars any point in the year but would be ideal for solid carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide melting in the warmer summer would yield liquid carbon dioxide which would then form the gullies. Even if gullies are carved by flowing water at the surface, the exact source of the water and the mechanisms behind its motion are not understood. The dry gullies are deep grooves etched into the slopes that are there year-round. There are many other features on Mars, and some of them change seasonally. In August 2011, NASA announced the discovery by undergraduate student Lujendra Ojha of current seasonal
Mars the Trace Gas Orbiter successfully entered Mars orbit on October 19, 2016, "Schiaparelli" crashed during its landing attempt. In May 2018 NASA's "InSight" lander was launched, along with the twin MarCO CubeSats that will fly by Mars and provide a telemetry relay for the landing. The mission arrived at Mars in November 2018. NASA plans to launch its Mars 2020 astrobiology rover in July or August 2020. The European Space Agency will launch the ExoMars rover and surface platform in July 2020. The United Arab Emirates' "Mars Hope" orbiter is planned for launch in 2020, reaching Mars orbit in 2021.