Shoe the sole and joined to the edge by a seam. The shoe was then turned inside-out so that the grain was outside. Some shoes were developed with toggled flaps or drawstrings to tighten the leather around the foot for a better fit. Surviving medieval turnshoes often fit the foot closely, with the right and left shoe being mirror images. Around 1500, the turnshoe method was largely replaced by the welted rand method (where the uppers are sewn to a much stiffer sole and the shoe cannot be turned inside-out). The turnshoe method is still used for some dance and specialty
Marion Power Shovel Company were the fully revolving, wheel or track contractors shovel. Around 800 were built from 1905 to 1930. Contractors and road builders found them very useful. Marion also built floating dredges from land reclamation projects and the famous Klondike Gold dredges in Dawson City. Trenching shovels, stripping shovels, railroad shovels and draglines were also built. Large shovels were built for the Ohio open pit coalfields. By the late 1930s, steam gave way to diesel engine. By 1911 90% of all large bucket steam shovels and draglines were produced in Marion Ohio, which was also the headquarters of Osgood Steam Shovel, Fairbanks