Glass-to-metal seal little lower than that of the soda-lime glass. Classically high lead containing glasses are used, but it is also possible to substitute these by multi-component glasses e.g. based on the system ---------. Glass-to-metal seal Glass-to-metal seals are a very important element of the construction of vacuum tubes, electric discharge tubes, incandescent light bulbs, glass encapsulated semiconductor diodes, reed switches, pressure tight glass windows in metal cases, and metal or ceramic packages of electronic components. Properly done, such a seal is hermetic (vacuum tight, good electrical insulation, special optical properties e.g. UV lamps). To achieve such a seal, two properties must
Rule based DFM analysis for metal spinning Rule based DFM analysis for metal spinning Rule based DFM analysis for metal spinning. Metal spinning is a lesser known metal forming and fabricating manufacturing process. It is more conventionally used for the manufacturing of axis-symmetric parts. Its ability to create parts that require high tolerance and high strength makes it an outstanding process to manufacture a wide range of parts for automobile, aerospace, defence and medical industries. Typical components produced by metal spinning are lamp bases, reflectors, hollowware (pitchers, tankards, vases, candlesticks, etc.), pots, bans bowls and components for electrical equipment. Design for manufacturability (also sometimes known as design