Milk coffee American coffee chains; a combination of espresso and steamed milk equivalent to a 'latte' is in French called 'grand crème' and in German 'Milchkaffee' or 'Melange'. In Portuguese it is called galão. Variants include the chocolate-flavored mocha, or replacing the coffee with another drink base such as masala chai (spiced Indian tea), mate or matcha, and other types of milk, such as soy milk or almond milk are also used. Latte macchiato literally means "stained milk". This refers to the method of preparation, wherein the milk gets "stained" by the addition of espresso. It differs from latte firstly in that
Latte art "Uptown espresso" in 1986, and by 1989 the heart pattern was established and a signature at Schomer's "Espresso Vivace." The rosette pattern was then developed by Schomer in 1992, recreating the technique based on a photograph he saw from Cafe Mateki in Italy. Schomer subsequently popularized latte art in his course "Caffe Latte Art". At the same time Luigi Lupi from Italy met Schomer on the internet and they exchanged videos they made on Latteart and Cappuccini Decorati. Latte art is a mixture of two colloids: the crema, which is an emulsion of coffee oil and brewed coffee; and the