Union of Utrecht Union of Utrecht The Union of Utrecht () was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, the Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Twelve Years' Truce in 1609. The treaty was signed on 23 January by Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht (but not all of Utrecht) and the province (but not the city) of Groningen. The treaty was a reaction of the Protestant
Gyeonggi Province west coast. Gyeonggi Province Gyeonggi-do (, ) is the most populous province in South Korea. Its name, "Gyeonggi" means "the area surrounding the capital". Thus "Gyeonggi-do" can be translated as "province surrounding Seoul". The provincial capital is Suwon. Seoul—South Korea's largest city and national capital—is in the heart of the province but has been separately administered as a provincial-level "special city" since 1946. Incheon—South Korea's third-largest city—is on the coast of the province and has been similarly administered as a provincial-level "metropolitan city" since 1981. The three jurisdictions are collectively referred to as "Sudogwon" and cover , with a combined