Hejaz riyal countermarked for use in Hejaz, with the name of the kingdom in . Hejaz riyal The riyal (Arabic:ريال "") was the currency of the Kingdom of Hejaz between 1916 and 1925. It was subdivided into 20 qirsh (). The riyal was a silver coin the same weight as the Ottoman 20 kuruş coin but was minted in .917 fineness rather than .830 fineness. The Hejaz riyal was replaced by the Saudi riyal in 1925 at par. In 1916, bronze coins were issued for ⅛, ¼, ½ and 1 qirsh together with silver 5, 10 and 20 qirsh. Gold 1 dinar
What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy is a 1976 book by Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya. Explaining the relationship between the soul and consciousness in the Nyaya-Vaisesika philosophy, Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya makes three points. First, consciousness in this view is knowledge (jnana) in an empirical sense. Second, consciousness is one of the multiple qualities of the soul. Third, consciousness is a transient quality, not a permanent quality. By itself, the soul is without consciousness; consciousness is produced in the soul only when it is conjoined with certain other entities. Hiriyanna,