Dartmoor pony the gene pool of the Dartmoor Pony. The Dartmoor Pony Moorland Scheme (DPMS) was established in 1988 and is administered by the Dartmoor Pony Society and the Duchy of Cornwall, as well as being supported by the Dartmoor National Park. In 2004 a new scheme, the Dartmoor Pony Preservation Scheme (DPPS), was introduced, and herds taking part in this new scheme must enter one mare each year to the DPMS. The Dartmoor Pony has been granted Rare Breed status. Dartmoor ponies are native to Britain, but are also seen in other parts of the world including the USA, Continental Europe,
Traffic congestion that could well result in increased traffic flow, otherwise known as induced demand, causing congestion to appear somewhere else. Moreover, Braess' paradox shows that adding road capacity might make congestion worse, even if demand does not increase. It has been argued that traffic congestion, by reducing road speeds in cities, could reduce the frequency and severity of road accidents. City planning and urban design practices can have a huge impact on levels of future traffic congestion, though they are of limited relevance for short-term change. Congestion can be reduced by either increasing road capacity (supply), or by reducing traffic (demand).