Juglans cinerea the American Revolution, a butternut extract made from the inner bark of the tree was used in an attempt to prevent smallpox, and to treat dysentery and other stomach and intestinal discomfort. Crushed fruits can be used to poison fish, though the practice is illegal in most jurisdictions. Bruised fruit husks of the closely related black walnut can be used to stun fish. Juglans cinerea Juglans cinerea, commonly known as butternut or white walnut, is a species of walnut native to the eastern United States and southeast Canada. The distribution range of "J. cinerea" extends east to New Brunswick, and
Fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine is subject to four main exceptions. The tainted evidence is admissible if: This doctrine was also used by the European Court of Human Rights in "Gäfgen v. Germany". In certain cases continental European countries have similar laws (e.g. in cases of torture), while the doctrine itself is generally not known. Illegally obtained evidence is used by the courts to ensure that the judgment is factually correct, however the person obtaining the illegal evidence typically faces independent consequences. Fruit of the poisonous tree Fruit of the poisonous tree is a legal metaphor in the United States used to describe evidence