Pressure measurement because atmospheric pressure is always changing and the reference in this case is fixed at 1 bar. To produce an absolute pressure sensor, the manufacturer seals a high vacuum behind the sensing diaphragm. If the process-pressure connection of an absolute-pressure transmitter is open to the air, it will read the actual barometric pressure. The SI unit for pressure is the pascal (Pa), equal to one newton per square metre (N·m or kg·m·s). This special name for the unit was added in 1971; before that, pressure in SI was expressed in units such as N·m. When indicated, the zero reference is
Pascal (unit) the pascal measures the stiffness, tensile strength and compressive strength of materials. In engineering use, because the pascal represents a very small quantity, the megapascal (MPa) is the preferred unit for these uses. The pascal is also equivalent to the SI unit of energy density, J/m. This applies not only to the thermodynamics of pressurised gases, but also to the energy density of electric, magnetic, and gravitational fields. In measurements of sound pressure or loudness of sound, one pascal is equal to 94 decibels SPL. The quietest sound a human can hear, known as the threshold of hearing, is 0