Spider silk spinning field, the spinneret apparatus of an adult "Araneus diadematus" (garden cross spider) consists of the glands shown below. Similar multiple gland architecture exists in the black widow spider. In order to artificially synthesise spider silk into fibres, there are two broad areas that must be covered. These are synthesis of the feedstock (the unspun silk dope in spiders), and synthesis of the spinning conditions (the funnel, valve, tapering duct, and spigot). There have been a number of different approaches. The molecular structure of unspun silk is both complex and extremely long. Though this endows the silk fibres with their
Hyas coarctatus of the walking legs is often more or less furry. "H. coarctatus" is found at both hard, stony, sandy and soft bottoms from 1 to 500 meters depth, though most often above 50 meters. "H. araneus" inhabits shallower depths. "H. coarctatus" is widely distributed in the North-East Atlantic and adjacent seas. The northern border is around the north and west coas5w of Spitsbergen and Barents Sea, in the south it is found down to the north-east coast of France, and in the east to the Western Baltic Sea, the Belt Sea and the Öresund. Hyas coarctatus Hyas coarctatus is a