Peak–end rule end. The effects of the duration of an experience upon retrospective evaluation are extremely slight. Fredrickson and Kahneman labeled this phenomenon "duration neglect". The peak–end rule is applicable only when an experience has definite beginning and end periods. A 1993 study titled "When More Pain Is Preferred to Less: Adding a Better End" by Kahneman, Fredrickson, Charles Schreiber, and Donald Redelmeier provided groundbreaking evidence for the peak–end rule. Participants were subjected to two different versions of a single unpleasant experience. The first trial had subjects submerge a hand in 14 °C water for 60 seconds. The second trial had subjects
Japanese punctuation direct HTML equivalent is the codice_1 entity (em-space) which outputs the same fullwidth " " glyph. A fullwidth space may be used where a colon or comma would be used in English: ("Yamato Bank, Osaka Branch"). The resembles a lengthened tilde , which does not exist in JIS X 0208. Uses in Japanese include: The Japanese versions of these punctuation marks are usually full-width characters. A full-width space is usually left after such marks when writing in Japanese. The consists of two equally sized dots centered on the same vertical line. As a rule, a colon informs the reader that