Coccinellidae Coccinellidae Coccinellidae () is a widespread family of small beetles ranging in size from 0.8 to 18 mm (0.03 to 0.71 inches). The family is commonly known as ladybugs in North America, and ladybirds in Britain and other parts of the English-speaking world. Entomologists widely prefer the names ladybird beetles or lady beetles as these insects are not classified as true bugs. The majority of coccinellid species are generally considered useful insects, because many species prey on herbivorous homopterans such as aphids or scale insects, which are agricultural pests. Many coccinellids lay their eggs directly in aphid and scale insect
Histone variants common histone H3 variants are H3.3 and centromeric H3 variant (cenH3, called also CENPA in humans). Well studied species specific variants include H3.1, H3.2, TS H3.4 (mammals), H3.5 (hominids), H3.Y (primates). Except for cenH3 histone, H3 variants are highly sequence conserved differing only by a few amino acids. Histone H3.3 has been found to play an important role in maintaining genome integrity during the mammalian development. Histone H4 is one of the slowest evolving proteins with no functional variants in the majority of species. The reason for a lack of sequence variants remains unclear. Trypanosoma are known to have a