Fiscal illusion Mourao (2008) attempts to quantify fiscal illusion empirically for almost 70 democracies since 1960. Fiscal illusion Fiscal illusion is a public choice theory of government expenditure first developed by the Italian economist Amilcare Puviani in his 1903 book "Teoria della illusione finanziaria" ("Theory of Financial Illusion" (not yet translated into English, but translated into German in 1960 under the title "Die Illusionen in der öffentlichen Finanzwirtschaft", Berlin: Dunker & Humblot, 1960)). Fiscal illusion suggests that when government revenues are not completely transparent or are not fully perceived by taxpayers, then the cost of government is seen to be less than
Word-sense disambiguation the sequence every time they need to make a tagging judgement, rather than once for a block of instances for the same target word. To give a hint how all this works, consider three examples of the distinct senses that exist for the (written) word ""bass"": and the sentences: To people who understand English, the first sentence is using the word ""bass (fish)"", as in the former sense above and in the second sentence, the word ""bass (instrument)"" is being used as in the latter sense below. Developing algorithms to replicate this human ability can often be a difficult task,