Beaufort scale used in Taiwan and mainland China, which are often affected by typhoons. Internationally, WMO Manual on Marine Meteorological Services (2012 edition) defined the Beaufort Scale only up to force 12 and there was no recommendation on the use of the extended scale. Wind speed on the 1946 Beaufort scale is based on the empirical relationship: Where "v" is the equivalent wind speed at 10 metres above the sea surface and "B" is Beaufort scale number. For example, "B" = 9.5 is related to 24.5 m/s which is equal to the lower limit of "10 Beaufort". Using this formula the highest
Wind wave this point. This relation shows the wind flow transferring its kinetic energy to the water surface at their interface. Assumptions: Generally these wave formation mechanisms occur together on the water surface and eventually produce fully developed waves. For example, if we assume a flat sea surface (Beaufort state 0), and a sudden wind flow blows steadily across the sea surface, the physical wave generation process follows the sequence: Three different types of wind waves develop over time: Ripples appear on smooth water when the wind blows, but will die quickly if the wind stops. The restoring force that allows them