Spider silk spinning field, the spinneret apparatus of an adult "Araneus diadematus" (garden cross spider) consists of the glands shown below. Similar multiple gland architecture exists in the black widow spider. In order to artificially synthesise spider silk into fibres, there are two broad areas that must be covered. These are synthesis of the feedstock (the unspun silk dope in spiders), and synthesis of the spinning conditions (the funnel, valve, tapering duct, and spigot). There have been a number of different approaches. The molecular structure of unspun silk is both complex and extremely long. Though this endows the silk fibres with their
The Magic Garden (film) "Jet" found the film mediocre by western standards and technically crude, despite its historical importance. The Magic Garden (film) The Magic Garden, also known as The Pennywhistle Blues, is a 1951 feature film produced and directed by British filmmaker Donald Swanson in South Africa, made in and around Johannesburg with an amateur cast. It is historically important in South African cinema as the first film with an all-black cast to be shown in the white cinemas in racially-segregated Johannesburg. It was nominated for two British Academy Film Awards (BAFTAs), for Best Film from any Source and Best British Film. It