Global silver trade from the 16th to 18th centuries 1500 to 1800, Mexico and Peru produced about 80% of the world's silver with 30% of it eventually ending up in China (largely because of British merchants who used it to purchase exotic Chinese commodities). In the late 16th and early 17th century, Japan was also exporting heavily into China and the foreign trade at large. As has been demonstrated, China dominated silver imports. The market value of silver in the Ming territory was double its value elsewhere, which provided great arbitrage profit for the Europeans and Japanese. The abundance of silver in China made it easy for the country
Manifesto to the Polish Nation Manifesto to the Polish Nation The Manifesto to the Polish Nation, also called the Manifesto of Grand Duke Nicholas or Manifesto of the 14th August 1914; was a proclamation by Grand Duke Nicholas, commander in chief of the Russian armies to Poles on 14 August 1914 after the outbreak of World War I. Nicholas, proclaiming that though 'a hundred and fifty years ago the living body of Poland was torn to pieces, [...] her soul survived and she lived in hope that for the Polish people would come an hour of regeneration and reconciliation with Russia'. Nicholas promised the re-unification