Violin of scordatura in classical music is Camille Saint-Saëns' "Danse Macabre", where the solo violin's E string is tuned down to E to impart an eerie dissonance to the composition. Other examples are the third movement of "Contrasts", by Béla Bartók, where the E string is tuned down to E and the G tuned to a G, and the Mystery Sonatas by Biber, in which each movement has different scordatura tuning. In Indian classical music and Indian light music, the violin is likely to be tuned to D–A–D–A in the South Indian style. As there is no concept of absolute pitch
Basic physics of the violin pitch, which may be described in terms of frequency. The playing tension of a violin string ranges from about to . The length of the string also influences its pitch, and is the basis for how a violin is played. Violinists "stop" a string with a left-hand fingertip, shortening its playing length. Most often the string is stopped against the violin's fingerboard, but in some cases fingertip contact alone is enough to stop the string at the desired sounding length. Stopping the string at a shorter length has the effect of raising its pitch. String material affects the quality of