Income tax in the United States dates. Some states permit related corporations to file combined or consolidated returns. Most states and localities imposing income tax require estimated payments where tax exceeds certain thresholds, and require withholding tax on payment of wages. Puerto Rico is treated as a separate taxing entity from the USA; its income tax rates are set independently, and only some residents there pay federal income taxes (though everyone must pay all other federal taxes). The unincorporated territories Guam, American Samoa, and the Virgin Islands also impose income tax separately, under a "mirror" tax law based on federal income tax law. Proposals have been
Citizens for Tax Justice CTJ is generally considered a liberal organization, but its research has also been cited by Republican politicians (including President Ronald Reagan) and right-wing tax reform organizations when favorable to their policies. The organization's 2013 Form 990 Tax Return states its purpose is "to promote social welfare." The organization's president, Wayne Cox, is Executive Director of Minnesota Citizens for Tax Justice. CTJ, a 501(c4) organization, is directed by Robert S. McIntyre. Many of the reports written by Citizens for Tax Justice rely on analyses produced by the "ITEP Microsimulation Tax Model", which is housed at its partner organization, the Institute on