Mint-made errors are called "type-2 blanks (or planchets)" after an upending mill adds uniform, rounded rims. Type-2 blanks may also be considered striking errors as they are prepared correctly, but are released without having been struck. A misfeed can occur when the metal strip is fed through the blanking machine. The punches sometimes overlap the leading edge of the metal producing a straight clip. Sometimes, the punches strike an area of the strip which overlaps the hole left by the previous strike producing a curved clip. Sometimes punches strike the irregular trailing edge of the metal strip producing irregular clips. Coins are
Ernests Blanks was born on in Braslava municipality in Valmiera County, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire. His parents were leaseholders until the family moved to Riga where he attended school. Starting 1914 he studied history and philosophy at the Shanyavskiy University in Moscow as an unenrolled, external student. He was one of the leaders of the Latvian National Democratic Party (LNDP). In Latvia Ernests Blanks was editor of numerous newspapers and journals, and published papers in even more. Ernests Blanks was honoured with the Three-Star Order (of the 4th class) of Latvia in 1928. In 1945 Ernests Blanks fled in exile to