Comparison between Esperanto and Ido Ido was satisfied with it. Many former Idists, such as Otto Jespersen (who created Novial) left the movement, bleeding Ido of leaders. Of all synthetic auxiliary languages, only Esperanto and Interlingua-IL de ApI gained a sizeable following and textual corpus to this day. Esperanto is based on the "Fundamento de Esperanto" by L. L. Zamenhof; whereas the grammar of Ido is explained in the "Kompleta Gramatiko Detaloza di la Linguo Internaciona Ido". Since Esperanto has proved to be a living, stable language, nowadays Esperantists are less quick to reject influences from Ido. Probably the most fundamental of these is that
Ludwik Witold Paszkiewicz Ludwik Witold Paszkiewicz Ludwik Paszkiewicz DFC (21 October 1907 – 27 September 1940) was a Polish fighter ace of the Polish Air Force in World War II with 6 confirmed kills. Ludwik Paszkiewicz was born in 1907, the son of Ludwik and Janina. He studied at the Warsaw University of Technology then at the Lviv Polytechnic. In 1931 after his graduation he began military service. After completing Cadet Reserve course in Mołodeczno, Paszkiewicz entered the Polish Air Force Academy. On 4 August 1934 he became second lieutenant ("podporucznik"). Then he was assigned to the Polish 112th Fighter Escadrille. In 1937,