Tipp-Ex errors" (German: "Tippfehler"). He subsequently founded a company of the same name. Shortly after that a "Tipp-Ex Sales & Distribution" company (Tipp-Ex Vertrieb GmbH & Co. KG) was founded in Frankfurt by Otto Carls. This company still exists under the name of Tipp-Ex GmbH & Co. KG close to Frankfurt. "Tipp-Ex" became a registered trademark with the German patent office in 1987. Earlier, in 1951, Bette Nesmith Graham invented the first correction fluid in her kitchen and began marketing the product in 1956 as "Mistake Out", later called Liquid Paper. Tipp-Ex GmbH only started to produce white correction fluid in
Michael Nesmith to put together a band. Nesmith said he would be interested only if noted pedal steel player Orville "Red" Rhodes was part of the project; Nesmith's musical partnership with Rhodes continued until Rhodes's death in 1995. The new band was christened Michael Nesmith and the First National Band and went on to record three albums for RCA Records in 1970. Nesmith has been considered one of the pioneers of country rock. He also had moderate commercial success with the First National Band. Their second single, "Joanne," hit No. 21 on the Billboard chart, No. 17 on Cashbox, and No.4 in