Bard are known as "the Bard of Avon" (often simply "the Bard") and "the Bard of Bengal" respectively. The word is a Celtic loan word from Scottish Gaelic "bàrd", Irish "bard", Welsh "bardd". In 16th-century Scotland, it was a derogatory term for an itinerant musician; nonetheless it was later romanticised by Sir Walter Scott. In medieval Gaelic and Welsh society, a "bard" (Scottish and Irish Gaelic) or "bardd" (Welsh) was a professional poet, employed to compose eulogies for his lord (see planxty). If the employer failed to pay the proper amount, the bard would then compose a satire (c.f. "fili", "fáith").
Institute on Medicine as a Profession the local, state and national level. It is also a partner and co-sponsor of the China-US Center on Medical Professionalism based in Beijing. IMAP grew from the Open Society Institute’s Medicine as a Profession initiative, which ran from 1999-2004. In 2003, the Open Society Institute gave a grant of $7.5 million to establish the Institute on Medicine as Profession as an independent entity, to be chaired by David J. Rothman, professor at Columbia University, and housed at Columbia’s College of Physicians and Surgeons. The Institute has also received grants from Pew Charitable Trusts, the ABIM Foundation, the American Legacy Foundation,