Equus (genus) 54 million years ago (Mya). These animals had three toes on the hind feet and four on the front feet with small hooves in place of claws, but also had soft pads.<ref name="doi10.1126/science.1105458"></ref> Equids developed into larger, three-toed animals (e.g. "Mesohippus") during the Oligocene and Miocene. From there, the side toes became progressively smaller through the Pleistocene until the emergence of the single-toed "Equus". The genus "Equus", which includes all extant equines, is believed to have evolved from "Dinohippus", via the intermediate form "Plesippus". One of the oldest species is "Equus simplicidens", described as zebra-like with a donkey-like head shape.
Australopithecus africanus Little Foot is currently classified as (lumped into) "Australopithecus africanus"; Clarke suggests that Little Foot doesn't belong to either species "afarensis" or "africanus," but to a unique "Australopithecus" species found at Makapansgat and Sterkfontein (and named "Australopithecus prometheus" by Raymond Dart). Analysis made in 2015 by a new radioisotopic technique dated the Little Foot specimen to about 3.7 mya. "A. africanus" was similar in many traits to "A. afarensis", a bipedal hominin with arms slightly longer than the legs (a physical trait also found in chimpanzees). It has slightly human-like, advanced cranial features (seen in the crania of Mrs. Ples