Pungi fifty years ago. However, prior to this it derived from Indian folk music and was used for religious purposes for snake charming. The pungi is traditionally made from a dried bottle gourd. Often, the neck of the gourd is carved for aesthetic reasons. On the other end, two (sometimes one or three) reed or bamboo pipes are connected. These are known as the "jivala". One of the pipes has 5 - 9 holes and plays the melody; the other pipe is for drone. The jivala is fitted to the gourd with beeswax, which can be adjusted for pitch modification. The
Militant activity of Osama bin Laden of the United Kingdom stated that evidence linking Al-Qaeda and bin Laden to the attacks of September 11 is clear and irrefutable. However, a "White Paper" by the U.S. government, documenting the case against bin Laden and the Al Qaeda organization concerning the September 11 attacks, publicly promised by Secretary of State Colin Powell, was never published. So far, the U.S. Justice Department has not sought formal criminal charges against bin Laden (or anyone but Zacarias Moussaoui) for the 9/11 attacks. This has provided what some call "fodder for conspiracy theorists who think the U.S. government or another power was