History of the Jews in Poland Polish Jews who gained international recognition are Moses Schorr, Ludwik Zamenhof (the creator of Esperanto), Georges Charpak, Samuel Eilenberg, Emanuel Ringelblum, and Artur Rubinstein, just to name a few from the long list. The term "genocide" was coined by Rafał Lemkin (1900–1959), a Polish-Jewish legal scholar. Leonid Hurwicz was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Economics. The YIVO (Jidiszer Wissenszaftlecher Institute) Scientific Institute was based in Wilno before transferring to New York during the war. In Warsaw, important centers of Judaic scholarship, such the Main Judaic Library and the Institute of Judaic Studies were located, along with numerous Talmudic Schools
Mark Zamenhof Later he became state cencurist of the texts in the languages Hebrew and Jidda and those positions were received only by the most reliable personalities. Simultaneously that was breakthrough in the officiant hierarchy. According to Z. Weinstein Mark Zamenhof was a secret adviser . Probably Weinstein erred, because the secret adviser was very high, third rank in the officiant ranks, that matched to the rank of general in the army. Zamenhof probably had the 9th rank "title adviser", that matches to the officer rank in Polish army. Prove that the fact the reminiscences according to that Mark, with pride, carried