L. L. Zamenhof the Yiddish form of the forename and a russified version of his surname; many later Russian language documents also include the patronymic "Markovich", as is the custom in the language. His family name is of German origin and was originally written "Samenhof"; the spelling Zamenhof reflects the romanization of the Yiddish spelling , as well as the Esperanto and Polish spellings. In his adolescence he used both the Yiddish "Leyzer" and the Russian "Lazar". While at university, Zamenhof began using the Russian name "Lyudovik" (also transcribed "Ludovic" or translated as "Ludwig") in place of "Lazar", possibly in honor of Francis
Orgelbrand's Universal Encyclopedia (1859) the first edition of the years (1872-1876, 1877-1879, 1883-1884, 1898-1904) had a volume-reduced form. In 1984-1985, a reprint of the original version was published in Poland. The creators of the publication's content were many representatives of the Polish nineteenth-century intelligentsia. In entry to the first volume published in 1859, a list of authors of the encyclopedia has been published. It contained the following names: Adam Adamowicz, Jerzy Alexandrowicz, Władysław Ludwik Anczyc, Michał Baliński, Jan Baranowski, Sadok Barącz, Adam Bartoszewicz, Julian Bartoszewicz, Władysław Bentkowski, Feliks Berdau, Leopold Berkiewicz, Cezary Biernacki, Julian Bleszyński, Kazimierz Bujnicki, Ignacy Chodźko, Teofil Cichocki, Wojciech Cybulski, Wincenty