1462 Zamenhof (). According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, "Zamenhof" measures between 25.91 and 27.645 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.087 and 0.121. The "Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link" derives an albedo of 0.0891 and a diameter of 25.62 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.2. This minor planet was named after L. L. Zamenhof (1859–1917), a Polish-Jewish ophthalmologist and creator of Esperanto, a constructed international language. This asteroid and 1421 Esperanto are considered to be the most remote Zamenhof-Esperanto objects (a
Ludwik Hass Ludwik Hass Ludwik Hass (1918–2008) was a Polish historian who specialised in the history of Freemasonry in Poland. Hass was born to Jewish parents in Stanisławow. He was brought up in a middle-class family which had been assimilated to polish nationalism. He attended the University of Lvov, which was then in the territory of the Polish Second Republic. While there he became a Trotskyist. Following the German-Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939 he found himself in the territory of the Soviet Union. He was arrested and sent to Vorkutlag. He attributed his survival due to being assigned office work thanks