L. L. Zamenhof the Yiddish form of the forename and a russified version of his surname; many later Russian language documents also include the patronymic "Markovich", as is the custom in the language. His family name is of German origin and was originally written "Samenhof"; the spelling Zamenhof reflects the romanization of the Yiddish spelling , as well as the Esperanto and Polish spellings. In his adolescence he used both the Yiddish "Leyzer" and the Russian "Lazar". While at university, Zamenhof began using the Russian name "Lyudovik" (also transcribed "Ludovic" or translated as "Ludwig") in place of "Lazar", possibly in honor of Francis
Mark Zamenhof usage of Polish national dresses. The police in the exploration suspected, that that anonymous letter was written by Zamenhof, because he led that time a concurs school for girls and already sooner had written various denunciation letters. Zamenhof indeed that time shared the possession of the school for Jewish girls. In 1866 in it were 63 pupils. Several Polish biographers write that Mark Zamenhof was teacher of the Bialystok high school (actual school). If he instructed in that high school, probably that was only for a short episode, that probably happened after the "January Uprising" (so in 1864). Prospective hire