Tipp-Ex errors" (German: "Tippfehler"). He subsequently founded a company of the same name. Shortly after that a "Tipp-Ex Sales & Distribution" company (Tipp-Ex Vertrieb GmbH & Co. KG) was founded in Frankfurt by Otto Carls. This company still exists under the name of Tipp-Ex GmbH & Co. KG close to Frankfurt. "Tipp-Ex" became a registered trademark with the German patent office in 1987. Earlier, in 1951, Bette Nesmith Graham invented the first correction fluid in her kitchen and began marketing the product in 1956 as "Mistake Out", later called Liquid Paper. Tipp-Ex GmbH only started to produce white correction fluid in
James Nesmith the next spring with Marcus Whitman after working as a carpenter in the interim at Fort Scott in Kansas. In 1843, Nesmith arrived in Oregon where he studied law and was admitted to the bar before being selected to serve as Supreme Judge of the Provisional Government of Oregon in 1845. He finished his term in 1846 and moved to Polk County where he took a land claim, began farming, and married Pauline Goff on June 21, with whom he would have seven children. In 1847, he was elected to the Provisional Legislature of Oregon from Polk County, and served