Business cycle by Charles Dunoyer, and similar theories, showing signs of influence by Sismondi, were developed by Johann Karl Rodbertus. Periodic crises in capitalism formed the basis of the theory of Karl Marx, who further claimed that these crises were increasing in severity and, on the basis of which, he predicted a communist revolution. Though only passing references in "Das Kapital" (1867) refer to crises, they were extensively discussed in Marx's posthumously published books, particularly in "Theories of Surplus Value". In "Progress and Poverty" (1879), Henry George focused on land's role in crises – particularly land speculation – and proposed a single
Manifesto of the Sixteen Kropotkinite anarchist communism for anarcho-syndicalism. In spite of this, the anarchist movement in Russia continued to gain strength. In an article published in a December 1916 issue of "The State and Revolution", Bolshevik leader Lenin accused the vast majority of Russian anarchists of following Kropotkin and Grave, and denounced them as "anarcho-chauvinists". Similar remarks were made by other Bolsheviks, such as Joseph Stalin, who wrote in a letter to a Communist leader, "I have recently read Kropotkin's articlesthe old fool must have completely lost his mind". Lenin protégé Leon Trotsky cited Kropotkin's support for the war and his manifesto while