Bard oral history committed to memory and transmitted by bards and filid. Bards facilitated the memorisation of such materials by the use of metre, rhyme and other formulaic poetic devices. One of the most notable bards in Irish Mythological was Amergin Glúingel, he was bard, druid and judge for the Milesians. In medieval Ireland, bards were one of two distinct groups of poets, the other being the "fili". According to the Early Irish law text on status, "Uraicecht Becc", bards were a lesser class of poets, not eligible for higher poetic roles as described above. However, it has also been argued
Institute on Medicine as a Profession the local, state and national level. It is also a partner and co-sponsor of the China-US Center on Medical Professionalism based in Beijing. IMAP grew from the Open Society Institute’s Medicine as a Profession initiative, which ran from 1999-2004. In 2003, the Open Society Institute gave a grant of $7.5 million to establish the Institute on Medicine as Profession as an independent entity, to be chaired by David J. Rothman, professor at Columbia University, and housed at Columbia’s College of Physicians and Surgeons. The Institute has also received grants from Pew Charitable Trusts, the ABIM Foundation, the American Legacy Foundation,