Professional foul stop the clock and get the ball back, rather than allow the opponent to run out the clock. In addition, there are specific rules governing obvious goal scoring opportunities called clear path fouls. The professional foul in rugby league embodies a similar concept to other sports, a deliberate breach of the rules in order to prevent a scoring opportunity. The penalty for this offence is 10 minutes in the sin bin. The majority of professional fouls are either holding down the tackled player after a break has been made in order to allow his teammates to reform in defence, interfering
Gain scheduling variables. A relatively large scope state of the art about gain scheduling has been published in (Survey of Gain-Scheduling Analysis & Design, D.J.Leith, WE.Leithead). Gain scheduling In control theory, gain scheduling is an approach to control of non-linear systems that uses a family of linear controllers, each of which provides satisfactory control for a different operating point of the system. One or more observable variables, called the "scheduling variables", are used to determine what operating region the system is currently in and to enable the appropriate linear controller. For example, in an aircraft flight control system, the altitude and Mach