The Communist Manifesto "Manifesto" and its authors experienced a revival in fortunes. Hobsbawm identifies three reasons for this. The first is the leadership role Marx played in the International Workingmen's Association (aka the First International). Secondly, Marx also came into much prominence among socialists—and equal notoriety among the authorities—for his support of the Paris Commune of 1871, elucidated in "The Civil War in France". Lastly, and perhaps most significantly in the popularisation of the "Manifesto", was the treason trial of German Social Democratic Party (SPD) leaders. During the trial prosecutors read the "Manifesto" out loud as evidence; this meant that the pamphlet could
IFD Kapital Group billion US$ of non-oil or non-core assets, which started IFD Kapital Group: LUKoil's insurance business and pension fund LUKoil-Garant. LUKoil's deputy chief executive Leonid Fedun became IFD Kapital's first chair. In April 2003, IFD Kapital Group agreed to buy brokerage LUKoil-Reserve-Invest, and the sale was completed in January 2004. In the spring of 2003 IFD Kapital Group also bought JSC Capital Investment Group, which had started within LUKOIL Reserve-Invest about 7 years earlier. In June 2004 IFD Kapital group bought LUKoil's majority stake in the mid-sized bank Petrocommerce, Open joint-stock company (OJSC), which had been founded in 1992, and it