Commodity money as a theoretical backing for federally issued "gold certificates" to substitute for the gold. Between 1933 and 1970 (when the U.S. officially left the gold standard), one U.S. dollar was technically worth exactly 1/35 of a troy ounce (889 mg) of gold. However, actual trade in gold bullion as a precious metal within the United States was banned after 1933, with the explicit purpose of preventing the "hoarding" of private gold during an economic depression period in which maximal circulation of money was desired by influential economists. This was a fairly typical transition from commodity to representative to fiat money,
Ordo Aurum Solis such as the "Llewellyn Practical Guide to Astral Projection" and "Llewellyn Practical Guide to Creative Visualization", as well as their seminal work (reprinted in three volumes) outlining the philosophy and practices of Ordo Aurum Solis: "The Magical Philosophy". Despite a few similarities to the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, some of its descendants, various Thelemic orders, and other groups stemming from the Rosicrucian revival of the 19th century, Ordo Aurum Solis represents a distinct and unique system of magical philosophy and practice based on the Ogdoadic Tradition The Ogdoadic Tradition stems from the Mediterranean mystery religions of ancient Greece