Cerebral edema early stroke or hypoxia, cardiac arrest, and pseudotumor cerebri. During an ischemic stroke, a lack of oxygen and glucose leads to a breakdown of the sodium-calcium pumps on brain cell membranes, which in turn results in a massive buildup of sodium and calcium intracellularly. This causes a rapid uptake of water and subsequent swelling of the cells. It is this swelling of the individual cells of the brain that is seen as the main distinguishing characteristic of cytotoxic edema, as opposed to vasogenic edema, wherein the influx of fluid is typically seen in the interstitial space rather than within the
Brown adipose tissue high levels of brown adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue activity. Furthermore, in animal species that span a wide range of latitudes, the within-species longevity is correlated with how far north (or south, in the southern hemisphere) an individual lives suggesting that cooler environments lead to increased brown adipose tissue activation and increased lifespan across a wide range of species. Brown adipose tissue Brown adipose tissue (BAT) or brown fat makes up the adipose organ together with white adipose tissue (or white fat). Brown adipose tissue is found in almost all mammals. Classification of brown fat refers to two distinct