L. L. Zamenhof Esperanto, usually rendered as "humanitism" in English, sometimes rendered loosely as humanitarianism or humanism), based on the principles and teachings of Hillel the Elder. He said of Homaranismo: "It is indeed the object of my whole life. I would give up everything for it." Zamenhof came from and lived a very-much multilingual life. His name is/was variously translitterated, depending on the language: At his birth Zamenhof was given the Hebrew name "Eliezer" by his parents, the equivalent of the Latinized "Lazarus". However Zamenhof was born under Russian domination, and so his birth certificate records his name as "Leyzer Zamengov", using
Ludwik Hirszfeld Ludwik Hirszfeld Ludwik Hirszfeld (5 August 1884 in Warsaw – 7 March 1954 in Wrocław) was a Polish microbiologist and serologist. He is considered a co-discoverer of the inheritance of ABO blood types. He was a cousin of Aleksander Rajchman, a Polish mathematician, and of Ludwik Rajchman, a Polish bacteriologist. After attending the Gymnasium in Łódź, Hirszfeld, born into a Jewish family and later a convert to Catholicism, decided to study medicine in Germany. In 1902 he entered the University of Würzburg and transferred in 1904 to Berlin, where he attended lectures in medicine and philosophy. Hirszfeld completed his doctoral