Cardiovascular disease caused by the women's smaller body size and arterial dimensions which are independent of menopause. Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers. Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week)
Catherine Otto calcific (aortic stenosis) and received the 2011 American College of Cardiology Distinguished Scientist Award (Clinical Domain) for her research on this subject. In addition, Otto is the author of several cardiology books. In January, 2014, she was appointed editor-in-chief of "Heart", the official journal of the British Cardiovascular Society. Catherine Otto Catherine M. Otto is an echocardiography specialist, director of Training Programs in Cardiovascular Disease at Cardiology Division, University of Washington Medical Center, who has authored echocardiography textbooks. The major fields she works in are valvular heart disease, adult congenital heart disease, and echocardiography. She obtained a B.A. from Reed