Fortified wine because he was inspired by a German wine flavoured with wormwood, an herb most famously used in distilling absinthe. However, wine flavoured with wormwood goes back to ancient Rome. The modern German word "Wermut" ("Wermuth" in the spelling of Carpano's time) means both "wormwood" and "vermouth". The herbs were originally used to mask raw flavours of cheaper wines, imparting a slightly medicinal "tonic" flavor. Vins doux naturels are lightly fortified wines typically made from white Muscat grapes or red Grenache grapes in the south of France. The production of vins doux naturels was perfected by Arnaud de Villeneuve at the
Additive map An additive map does not necessarily preserve any other structure of the object, for example the product operation of a ring. If and are additive maps, then the map (defined pointwise) is additive. A map that is additive each of two arguments separately is called a bi-additive map or a Z-bilinear map. Additive map In algebra, an additive map, Z-linear map or additive function is a function that preserves the addition operation: for every pair of elements and in the domain. For example, any linear map is additive. When the domain is the real numbers, this is Cauchy's functional equation.