Atheist Manifesto: The Case Against Christianity, Judaism, and Islam by Irène Fernandez. The book was translated into English in 2007 with the titles "Atheist Manifesto: The Case Against Christianity, Judaism, and Islam" and "In Defence of Atheism: The Case Against Christianity, Judaism and Islam". In the first part "Athéologie", the author develops Nietzsche's doctrine, but criticizing his view on the death of God. Then he shows how the concept of atheist was originally a pejorative connotation and concluded that the survival of Christianity in the form of Christian atheism on the Judeo-Christian morality. The second part "Monotheisme" is a structural analysis of the three Abrahamic religions in which the
Ishmael in Islam Ishmael in Islam Ishmael (, ) is the figure known in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as Abraham's (Ibrahim) son, born to Hagar (Hajar). In Islam, Ishmael is regarded as a prophet ("nabi") and an ancestor to Muhammad. He also became associated with Mecca and the construction of the "Kaaba." Stories of Ishmael are not only found in Jewish and Christian texts, such as the Bible and rabbinic "Midrash", but also Islamic sources. These sources include the Quran, Quranic commentary (tafsir), "hadith", historiographic collections like that of Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, and "Isra'iliyat" (Islamic texts about Biblical or ancient Israelite figures