1421 Esperanto in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.8–3.4 AU once every 5 years and 5 months (1,983 days; semi-major axis of 3.09 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its first observation as at Heidelberg Observatory in October 1906, almost 30 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku. This minor planet was named by the discoverer after the artificial language, Esperanto, which was created by inventor and writer, Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof (1859–1917), who used the pseudonym "Doktoro Esperanto". The
Ludwik Maciej Ludwik Maciej Ludwik Maciej (May 16, 1915 – March 12, 2007) was a Polish military pilot, who participated in World War II. Son of Jan and Anna (née Donocik), Ludwik Maciej graduated from Primary School in his hometown of Dziedzice and continued his education in a Grammar School in Bielsko (presently Nicolas Copernicus High School in Bielsko-Biała). During his school years he played football for 'Grażyna', which was part of the 'Sokół' ("Falcon") Polish Gymnastic Society. Having voluntarily joined the military forces in 1935, he took his military oath and after becoming a qualified pilot, he joined the 2nd Air