Hinduism and other religions and medieval times. Islam is a strictly monotheistic religion in which the supreme deity is Allah ( : see God in Islam), the last Islamic prophet being Muhammad ibn Abdullah, whom Muslims believe delivered the Islamic scripture, the Qur'an. Hinduism mostly shares common terms with the other Indian religions, including Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. Islam shares common characteristics with Abrahamic religions–those religions claiming descent from the prophet Abraham–being, from oldest to youngest, Judaism, Christianity, Islam. The Qur'an is the primary Islamic scripture. Muslims believe it to be the verbatim, uncreated word of Allah. Second to this in religious authority, and
Atheist Manifesto: The Case Against Christianity, Judaism, and Islam Atheist Manifesto: The Case Against Christianity, Judaism, and Islam Atheist Manifesto: The Case Against Christianity, Judaism, and Islam () is a 2005 book by French author Michel Onfray. According to Onfray, the term ""athéologie"" is taken from a project of a series of books written and compiled by Georges Bataille under the vocable "La Somme athéologique", which was ultimately never completed. The book sold over 200,000 copies. Two other books were written shortly after its publication as replies to its arguments: "L'Anti-traité d'athéologie, Le système Onfray mis à nu" by Matthieu Baumier, and "Dieu avec esprit: Réponse à Michel Onfray"