French invasion of Russia part of the government. During the Cold War, many Western historians were inclined to see Russia as "the enemy", and there was a tendency to downplay and dismiss Russia's contributions to the defeat of Napoleon. As such, Napoleon's claim that the Russians did not defeat him and he was just the victim of fate in 1812 was very appealing to many Western historians. Russian historians tended to focus on the French invasion of Russia in 1812 and ignore the campaigns in 1813–1814 fought in Germany and France because a campaign fought on Russian soil was regarded as more important than
Leo Tolstoy Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication etc. IPIC actively participates in realizing the state program "Preservation, study and development of the state languages of the Republic of Tatarstan and other languages in the Republic of Tatarstan for 2014 - 2020 years." Among the projects implemented under this program are: Leo Tolstoy Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication Leo Tolstoy Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication, formerly Kazan Imperial University, is a higher educational institution of Kazan, one of the largest institutes of Kazan (Volga region) Federal University. The famed Russian writer Leo Tolstoy was a former student of Kazan University. IPIC has more than 3,000 students,