Conflict in the Niger Delta Jonathan’s defeat in the March 2015 elections, the amnesty program seems likely to end in December 2015 and with patronage to former militant leaders terminated, local discontent is deepening. A February 2016 explosion in a pipeline operated by Shell Petroleum Development Corporation, a Royal Dutch Shell subsidiary to the Shell Forcados export terminal halted both production and imports. Speculation centered on militants using divers. Emmanuel Ibe Kachikwu, the minister of state for petroleum and the head of Nigeria’s oil company, said Nigerian production was down 300,000 barrels a day as a result. On May 11 Shell closed its Bonny oil
Brass River to the Santa Barbara River. The name was used specifically for Twon village on the Brass river, the route to the Nembe capital in the interior. In the 1884 and 1886 treaties "Brass" referred to the Nembe state. The Brass river was also called the Rio Bento, or St. John river. The Brass River is a branch, or distributary, of the Nun River, which flows to the west. The Nun River is itself a continuation of the Niger River, which divides into the Nun and Forçados Rivers about downstream from Aboh. The Brass leaves the east side of the Nun