Hammam-e-Qadimi Hammam-e-Qadimi Hammam-e-Qadimi (, ) is a functional 18th century Turkish bath in Bhopal, India. Erected in the early 1700s during the rule of the Gonds, Hammam-e-Qadimi was gifted to Hajjam Hammu Khalida when Dost Mohammad Khan became Nawab of the city. The Indo-Turkish bath is owned by a descendant of Hajjam Hammu Khalida, Mohammad Sajid, and has been kept in his family for five generations. The oil used for the massages offered in Hammam-e-Qadimi is a special recipe of Sajid's family. Hammam-e-Qadimi was built in the style of the Çemberlitaş Hamamı of Istanbul and was constructed near a mosque so
Turkish literature this tradition. The standard poetic forms—for poetry was as much the dominant genre in the written tradition as in the folk tradition—were derived either directly from the Persian literary tradition (the "gazel" غزل; the "mesnevî" مثنوی), or indirectly through Persian from the Arabic (the "kasîde" قصيده). However, the decision to adopt these poetic forms wholesale led to two important further consequences: Out of this confluence of choices, the Ottoman Turkish language—which was always highly distinct from standard Turkish—was effectively born. This style of writing under Persian and Arabic influence came to be known as "Divan literature" (Turkish: "divan edebiyatı"), "dîvân"