War film Jogja" ("Six Hours in Yogyakarta", 1951) and "Serangan Fajar" ("Attack at Dawn", 1983) covers the Indonesian war of independence (1945–1949). Two other films about the same period portray the Indonesian equivalent of the Chinese Long March: Usmar Ismail's "Darah dan Doa" ("The Long March", literally "Blood and Prayer", 1950) and "Mereka Kembali" ("They Return", 1975). Each of these films interprets the past from the perspective of its own time. The more recent "Merdeka" (Freedom) trilogy (2009–2011), starting with "Merah Putih" ("Red and White", the colours of the flag of the new Indonesia), revisits the campaign for independence through the lives
Seni gayong purpose, and the passing of a test is required before a student can progress to the next stage. Trainees under the age of 12 go through separate stages than older students. These are as follows: 01. Hitam Mulus (black) 02. Awan Putih (white) 03. Pelangi Hijau (green) 04. Pelangi Merah (red) 05. Pelangi Merah Cula I (red with 1 yellow stripe) 06. Pelangi Merah Cula II (red with 2 yellow stripes) 07. Pelangi Merah Cula III (red with 3 yellow stripes) 08. Pelangi Kuning (yellow) 09. Pelangi Kuning Cula I (yellow with 1 black stripe) 10. Pelangi Kuning Cula II