Sophrosyne an important topic for Plato. It is main subject of the dialogue "Charmides", wherein several definitions are proposed but no conclusion reached; however the dramatic context connotes moral purity and innocence. An etymological meaning of sophrosyne as "moral sanity" is proposed in "Cratylus" 411e. Plato's view of sophrosyne is related to Pythagorean "harmonia" ("Republic" 430e−432a, 442c) and closely linked with Plato’s tripartite division of the soul: "sophrosyne" is the harmonious moderation of the appetitive and spirited parts of the soul by the rational part (e.g., "Phaedrus" 237c−238e). For the Stoic, Zeno of Citium, "sophrosyne" is one of the four chief
Ancient Greek phonology The geminate versions of the aspirated stops are written with the digraphs , and geminate is written as , since represents in the standard orthography of Ancient Greek. Voiceless is usually written with the "spiritus asper" as and transcribed as "rh" in Latin. The same orthography is sometimes encountered when is geminated, as in , sometimes written , giving rise to the transliteration "rrh". This example also illustrates that () assimilates to following , creating gemination. The close front rounded vowels and (an evolution of and respectively) are both represented in writing by the letter upsilon () irrespective of length.