Letter frequency "The Gold-Bug", where the method is successfully applied to decipher a message instructing on the whereabouts of a treasure hidden by Captain Kidd. Letter frequencies had a strong effect on the design of some keyboard layouts. The most frequent letters are on the bottom row of the Blickensderfer typewriter, and the home row of the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard. There are three ways to count letter frequency that result in very different charts for common letters. The first method, used in the chart below, is to count letter frequency in root words of a dictionary. The second is to include all
English words of Greek origin to recognize words of Greek origin, and give hints as to their pronunciation and inflection. Some romanizations are not completely standard. The Ancient Greek diphthongs and may be spelled in three different ways in English: the digraphs "ae" and "oe"; the ligatures "æ" and "œ"; and the simple letter "e". The ligatures have largely fallen out of use worldwide; the digraphs are uncommon in American usage, but remain common in British usage. The spelling depends mostly on the variety of English, not on the particular word. Examples are: "encyclopaedia" / "encyclopædia" / "encyclopedia", "haemoglobin" / "hæmoglobin" / "hemoglobin", "oedema" /