Caudal luring species and allegedly by two lizards, though other interpretations (e.g., distraction) seem more plausible for the lizards. Caudal luring also occurs in a shark, the tasselled wobbegong, "Eucrossorinus dasypogon" and very likely in the pelican eels, "Eurypharynx", which possess a bioluminescent tail tip. The behavior is associated with sedentary predators whose diets include animals susceptible to a worm-like (or fish-like, in the case of "Eucrossorinus" and perhaps "Eurypharynx") luring appendage. Snakes generally lure small ectotherms (e.g., frogs and lizards), although luring of birds has been demonstrated (Spider-tailed horned viper) and luring of insectivorous mammals is suspected. Caudal luring occurs most
Squalidae Squalidae The Squalidae, also called dogfish sharks or spiny dogfishes, are a family of sharks in the order Squaliformes. They have two dorsal fins, each with smooth spines, but no anal fin, and their skin is generally rough to the touch. Unlike virtually all other shark species, dogfish sharks possess venom which coats their dorsal spines – this venom is mildly toxic to humans. These sharks are characterized by teeth in upper and lower jaws similar in size; a caudal peduncle with lateral keels; the upper precaudal pit usually is present; and the caudal fin is without a subterminal notch.