History of Turkey newly formed "Republic of Turkey" as the successor state of the Ottoman Empire, and the republic was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923, in the new capital of Ankara. Mustafa Kemal became the republic's first President of Turkey and subsequently introduced many radical reforms with the aim of founding a new secular republic from the remnants of its Ottoman past. The Ottoman fez was abolished, full rights for women politically were established, and new writing system for Turkish based upon the Latin alphabet was created. According to the Law on Family Names, the Turkish parliament presented Mustafa Kemal with the
1st cabinet of the Executive Ministers of Turkey assumed later (see Surname Law of 1934). The chairman of the next cabinet was Fevzi Pasha who was the Minister of Defence in the first cabinet. After the proclamation of the Republic the Republican governments were renumbered beginning by 1st government of Turkey 1st cabinet of the Executive Ministers of Turkey The 1st cabinet of executive ministers of Turkey (3 May 1920 – 24 January 1921 ) was the first government formed by the nationalists during the Turkish War of Independence. The Republic was not yet proclaimed and the government was called "İcra vekilleri heyeti" ("cabinet of executive ministers") The