Currency of Venezuela then closed for good (October 1830). copper: silver: Peso (Peso sencillo) = 8 Reales = 100 Centavos or 80 Centavos fuertes Peso fuerte = 10 Reales = 100 Centavos fuertes (from 1832) The currency in 1830 was chaotic. Circulation consisted of old silver macuquina minted at Caracas under both royalists and republicans and of silver and gold coin from the various American states, especially from Colombia. Good quality silver coin tended to disappear from circulation (being used to pay for imports). Macuquina and worn coin remained to serve retail trade. The government published a table December 30, 1830 fixing the
Portuguese escudo Portuguese escudo The Portuguese escudo is the currency of Portugal prior to the introduction of the euro on 1 January 1999 and its removal from circulation on 28 February 2002. The escudo was subdivided into 100 "centavos". The word "escudo" means "shield". Amounts in escudos were written as "escudos" $ "centavos" with the "cifrão" as the decimal separator (e.g. "25$00" means $25.00, "100$50" means $100.50). Because of the conversion rate of 1000 réis = $1, three decimal places were initially used ($1 = 1$000). Escudo gold coinage was initially introduced in 1722 with denominations including escudo, 2, 4, and 8