Turkish delight is known to have been produced in Turkey as early as the late 1700s, hence its name. The exact origin of these sweets is yet to be definitively determined; however, the word "lokum" comes from the Arabic "al-halkum". In the Arab world, Turkish delights are called "rāḥat al-ḥulqūm" (رَاحَة الْحُلْقُوم) which means "throat comfort". According to the Hacı Bekir company, Bekir Efendi, named Hacı Bekir after performing the Hajj, moved to Istanbul from his hometown Kastamonu and opened his confectionery shop in the district of Bahçekapı in 1777. He produced various kinds of candies and "lokums", later including a unique
Djemaleddin Effendi Istanbul, "Cemil Topuzlu Caddesi" and to a municipal amphitheatre Cemil Topuzlu Harbiye Amphitheatre. Mehmet Cemaleddin's younger brother Ibrahim Sami Bey, was a member of the Ottoman Council of State or Şura-yı Devlet whose grandson Erol Gelenbe is the ``Dennis Gabor Chair Professor" at Imperial College, London. An opponent of the pro-German and war-oriented policy of the Union and Progress Party, Djemaleddin Effendi was exiled to Egypt in 1913, and died in Ramleh, Egypt, on 5 April 1917, at the age of 79. When his body was brought to Constantinople, it lay in state at the Topkapı Palace, and he is