History of Turkey newly formed "Republic of Turkey" as the successor state of the Ottoman Empire, and the republic was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923, in the new capital of Ankara. Mustafa Kemal became the republic's first President of Turkey and subsequently introduced many radical reforms with the aim of founding a new secular republic from the remnants of its Ottoman past. The Ottoman fez was abolished, full rights for women politically were established, and new writing system for Turkish based upon the Latin alphabet was created. According to the Law on Family Names, the Turkish parliament presented Mustafa Kemal with the
Ballet in Turkey opera, as the scenes between operas were frequently lavished with ballet performances and dances. There is no tradition of classical ballet in Turkey, and very little knowledge about it and relied heavily on foreign intervention. Lydia Krassa Azrumanova, a ballet teacher who immigrated to Turkey after the 1917 revolution in Russia, opened a ballet studio in Istanbul in 1921. In 1948, Dame Ninette de Valois, a famous ballerina and ballet teacher, founder of the British Royal Ballet, was invited to Istanbul and the National Ballet School was established in Yeşilköy through her intermediary, modeled according to that of the Sadler's