Ottoman lira issued in the form of 5 and 10 para stamps affixed to card. Ottoman lira The Ottoman lira was the currency of Ottoman Empire between 1844 and 29 October 1923 . It replaced the kuruş as the principal unit of currency, with the kuruş continuing to circulate as a subdivision of the lira, with 100 kuruş = 1 lira. The para also continued to be used, with 40 para = 1 kuruş. Until the 1930s, the Arabic script was used on Turkish coins and banknotes, with پاره for para, غروش for kuruş and ليرا for lira (تورك ليراسي for "Turkish
Europa (currency) Europa (currency) The europa was a token coinage created in 1928 by Joseph Archer, a politician and industrialist from the Nièvre region of France. The currency was promoted by Philibert Besson, the elected deputy for the Haute-Loire who, along with Archer, was an important figure in the early European federalist movement. The coins were minted in the name of a hypothetical "Federated States of Europe" ("États Fédérés d'Europe"). Unlike contemporary currencies that were based on the gold standard, the europa derived its notional value from labour. The currency never circulated except unofficially between federalists of the Nièvre region. Two denominations