Elaeis guineensis standing unplanted in Indonesia, tropical hardwood forests are being cleared for palm oil plantations. Furthermore, as the remaining unprotected lowland forest dwindles, developers are looking to plant peat swamp land, using drainage that begins an oxidation process of the peat which can release 5,000 to 10,000 years worth of stored carbon. Drained peat is also at very high risk of forest fire. There is a clear record of fire being used to clear vegetation for oil palm development in Indonesia, where in recent years drought and man-made clearances have led to massive uncontrolled forest fires, covering parts of Southeast Asia
PAM (cooking oil) Muse, Tate and Furst Inc., and C. Dean Metropoulos and Company from American Home Products, becoming International Home Foods, which in turn was acquired by ConAgra in 2000. PAM is marketed in various flavors, such as butter and olive oil, meant to impart the flavor of cooking with those ingredients. Flavors such as lemon or garlic are also offered. PAM also markets high-temperature sprays formulated for use when grilling etc., and one containing flour suitable for dry-cooking as in baking. PAM is marketed as a nominally zero-calorie alternative to other oils used as lubricants when using cooking methods such as