Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People (Youth Oath) of 1928, in which nationalist symbols of Indonesia were adopted, namely, Bahasa Indonesia - a variant of Bahasa Melayu, was named the lingua franca; the presentation of "Indonesia Raya", the national anthem, and the red-white national flag, or "Sang Saka Merah Putih", symbolising the Indonesian independence movement. Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People (Indonesian: Pemufakatan Perhimpunan-perhimpunan Politik Kebangsaan Indonesia, (abbrev: PPPKI), was one of the key anti-colonial political umbrella organizations championing for independence in Indonesia (present-day of Netherlands East Indies) during Dutch colonial rule. PPPKI attempt at uniting
Seni gayong purpose, and the passing of a test is required before a student can progress to the next stage. Trainees under the age of 12 go through separate stages than older students. These are as follows: 01. Hitam Mulus (black) 02. Awan Putih (white) 03. Pelangi Hijau (green) 04. Pelangi Merah (red) 05. Pelangi Merah Cula I (red with 1 yellow stripe) 06. Pelangi Merah Cula II (red with 2 yellow stripes) 07. Pelangi Merah Cula III (red with 3 yellow stripes) 08. Pelangi Kuning (yellow) 09. Pelangi Kuning Cula I (yellow with 1 black stripe) 10. Pelangi Kuning Cula II