National symbols of Indonesia on the scroll gripped by the Garuda's claws), and is mentioned specifically in article 36A of the Constitution of Indonesia. It is a quotation from an Old Javanese poem Kakawin Sutasoma, written by Mpu Tantular during the reign of the Majapahit empire sometime in the 14th century. Kakawin contains epic poems written in metres. This poem is notable as it promotes tolerance between Hindus (Shivaites) and Buddhists. The national flag of Indonesia, which is known as Merah-Putih ("The Red-and-White") in Indonesian, is based on the banner of the 13th century Majapahit Empire in East Java. The flag itself was introduced
Saka guru "guru". According to the Javanese text of Kawruh Kalang, the "guru" or "teacher" is a title given to the four wooden beams, while "saka" or "post" is for the four main posts. Thus the whole configuration is known as "sakaguru", or more correctly "sakaning guru" or "saka ingkang nyanggi guru" (Javanese "the "saka" which supports the "guru"). In Indonesian language, the term saka guru is used to signifies a fundamental principle. For example, "the Indonesian Cooperative is the saka guru of the National Economy". The space beneath the saka guru was considered a very important sacred space. In modern day,