Violence against women in Mexico violence against women or gender violence, which the UN described in 1979 as "a mechanism of domination, control, oppression, and power over women." Amnesty International estimates that there have been around 34,000 female homicides in Mexico between 1986 and 2009. According to the National Citizen Observatory on Femicide, only 49 percent of the 800 cases of women killed in Mexico between June and July 2017 were investigated as femicide. One activist, Natalia Reyes, reported that only 8 percent of femicides in Mexico are punished. Additionally, in 2012, Mexico was ranked as the 16th country in the world with the highest
Customary law in South Africa the relative unreliability of written sources on customary law, and the fact that there may be competing versions of customary law presented in evidence, when such is appealed to. In a subsequent case of "Shilubana and Others v Nwamitwa", the Constitutional Court spelled out the principles that should govern how living customary law rules are identified by courts and when courts should develop the customary law. Ms Shilubana, of the Valoyi traditional community, which is located in the Limpopo Province of South Africa, was appointed as hosi (chief) of her people contrary to the past practice of the eldest son