Currency of Venezuela copper centavos dated 1852 were minted at Birmingham and London. Birmingham Mint Ltd.: Royal Mint, London: Venezolano (Peso) = 10 Reales = 100 Centavos Conversion: 1 venezolano = 5 francos A new monetary law, April 1, 1854, provided for a mint in Caracas to produce a national coinage based on both gold and silver. The gold coins would be: onza, media onza, doblón (1/4 onza), escudo (1/8 onza), and venezolano de oro (1/16 onza or peso de oro). Silver coins were: peso fuerte or venezolano de plata, medio peso, peseta (1/4 peso), real (1/8 peso), and medio real (1/16 peso).
National Union of Gold, Silver and Allied Trades than 100 in 1930. It merged with the Society of Goldsmiths, Jewellers and Kindred Trades in 1969, pushing membership up to 250. The union's Irish members transferred to the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union in 1976, but membership of the union generally increased; by 1979, it had risen to 2,308. In 1981, NUGSAT into with the Technical, Administrative and Supervisory Section. National Union of Gold, Silver and Allied Trades The National Union of Gold, Silver and Allied Trades (NUGSAT) was a trade union in Britain and Ireland. It represented workers in precious metals, jewellers, diamond polishers, electroplaters, watch and