Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People (Youth Oath) of 1928, in which nationalist symbols of Indonesia were adopted, namely, Bahasa Indonesia - a variant of Bahasa Melayu, was named the lingua franca; the presentation of "Indonesia Raya", the national anthem, and the red-white national flag, or "Sang Saka Merah Putih", symbolising the Indonesian independence movement. Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People (Indonesian: Pemufakatan Perhimpunan-perhimpunan Politik Kebangsaan Indonesia, (abbrev: PPPKI), was one of the key anti-colonial political umbrella organizations championing for independence in Indonesia (present-day of Netherlands East Indies) during Dutch colonial rule. PPPKI attempt at uniting
Merah Putih (2009 film) Private Ryan, Blackhawk Down), stunt supervisor Rocky McDonald (, The Quiet American), make-up and visual effects artist Rob Trenton (The Dark Knight), and weaponry expert consultant John Bowring (The Thin Red Line, ). The crew shot for about four months in very difficult conditions during the rainy season in Semarang, Yogyakarta, Depok and other places around Indonesia. A fight scene took about four or five days to shoot. A scene about the cadets attacking a Dutch convoy on a bridge, for instance, took six days and hundreds of takes because it involved gunfights and several blasts. Before the film shoot