Violence against women in Mexico violence against women or gender violence, which the UN described in 1979 as "a mechanism of domination, control, oppression, and power over women." Amnesty International estimates that there have been around 34,000 female homicides in Mexico between 1986 and 2009. According to the National Citizen Observatory on Femicide, only 49 percent of the 800 cases of women killed in Mexico between June and July 2017 were investigated as femicide. One activist, Natalia Reyes, reported that only 8 percent of femicides in Mexico are punished. Additionally, in 2012, Mexico was ranked as the 16th country in the world with the highest
Cheek kissing between them. However, men kissing may occur in Spain as well particularly when congratulating close friends or relatives. Cheek to cheek and the kiss in the air are also very popular. Hugging is common between men and men and women and women; when the other is from the opposite sex, a kiss may be added. In Italy (especially in the South or the Center) it is common for men to kiss men, especially relatives or friends. In Spain, it is very common to kiss both cheeks (double kiss), man-woman and woman-woman only. In most South European countries, kissing is initiated