Toyota concept vehicles (2000–2009) Fine-S and was shown at the October 2003 Tokyo Motor Show and the January 2004 North American International Auto Show. The Fine-N uses a hydrogen fuel cell electric hybrid system which drives four independent 25 kW electric motors - one in each wheel. The hybrid system uses a Lithium-ion battery under the seats. Control is by drive-by-wire. The Alessandro Volta is a concept car developed in the collaboration of the Japanese manufacturer Toyota and the Italian design company Italdesign Giugiaro. The concept vehicle named after Alessandro Volta, the Italian physicist who invented the battery (and the namesake of the volt
University of Pavia that immediately preceded the Unification (1859–66). During the following centuries, through periods of both adversity and prosperity, the fame of the University of Pavia grew over the last years due to the large number of applicants. Throughout its history, the university has benefited from the presence of many learned men and distinguished scientists who wrote celebrated works and made important discoveries: mathematician Girolamo Cardano (born in Pavia, 1501–76), physicist Alessandro Volta (Pavia chair of natural philosophy 1769-1804), poet Ugo Foscolo (chair of Italian eloquence 1809-10). Three Nobel Prize winners also taught in Pavia: physician Camillo Golgi (at Pavia from 1861),