Artichoke production in Italy Artichoke production in Italy Artichoke production in Italy has a long history. Italy is the world's largest producer of artichokes. With Spain and France, the three countries produce more than 80% of the world's artichokes. There are two theories as to its origin: artichokes may have come from the Levant, derived from the cardoon or thistle through a cross-fertilization process, while others attribute it to the work of Italian horticulturists. The first record of artichoke cultivation in Italy was during the fifteenth century in Naples, where it was considered a new food species. In 1466, Filippo Strozzi brought the first
Abelian variety isomorphic to a product of a free abelian group Z and a finite commutative group for some non-negative integer "r" called the rank of the abelian variety. Similar results hold for some other classes of fields "k". The product of an abelian variety "A" of dimension "m", and an abelian variety "B" of dimension "n", over the same field, is an abelian variety of dimension "m" + "n". An abelian variety is simple if it is not isogenous to a product of abelian varieties of lower dimension. Any abelian variety is isogenous to a product of simple abelian varieties. To