Ranchu tail. The caudal peduncle itself should be broad and neither lengthy or too short (a properly formed caudal peduncle avoids swimming motion impairments to this type of goldfish). The ranchu's tail meets the caudal peduncle at a forty-five degree angle, giving the fish a unique swimming motion. Furthermore, the tail lobes are rounded, and all other finnage are paired. The most prominent feature of the ranchu is its head. There must be sufficient space between the eyes, and also from the eyes to the front of the head. The gill cover should figuratively extend quite far towards the tail. The
Avicularium shape as the autozooids. Interzooidal avicularia are wedged between autozooids but do not replace an autozooid. Adventitious avicularia are placed somewhere on the external (frontal) wall of an autozooid and are usually much smaller. The 'birds-head' avicularium (e.g. "Bugula") is elevated above the colony by a stalk (peduncle). A zooid where the operculum is modified into a very long, hair-like structure is called a vibraculum. The cylcostome family Eleidae, which convergently evolved an opercular structure during the Early Cretaceous to Paleocene, also possess avicularia-like zooids. Avicularium The avicularium (pl. avicularia) in cheilostome bryozoans is a modified, non-feeding zooid. The operculum,