Pakistan–Turkey relations to the Pakistani parliament. Both Pakistan and Turkey are mutually influenced by Arab, Greek, Turko-Mongol and Persian cultures. The region of Anatolia in Central and Eastern Turkey was occupied multiple times by Persian Empires which has brought Persian cultural and linguistic influence since ancient times. The Indus Valley region of Pakistan was occupied by the Achaemenid empire going back to the fifth century BC. Modern-day Turkey was home to many ancient European civilizations, including Greek. The country has many traces of cultural and historical influences from the ancient Greeks including Greek archeological sites found in the region. Pakistan also became
Transjordan (region) and Eber-Nari. The Decapolis is named from its ten cities enumerated by Pliny the Elder. It should be noted, that what Pliny calls "Decapolis", Ptolemy calls "Cœle-Syria". Ptolemy does not use the term "Transjordan", but rather the periphrasis "across the Jordan". And he enumerates the cities; Cosmas, Libias, Callirhoe, Gazorus, Epicaeros—as being in this district—east of the Jordan, that Josephus et al. called Perea. Jerash was a prominent central community for the surrounding region during the Neolithic period and was also inhabited during the Bronze Age. Ancient Greek inscriptions from the city, and the literary works of Iamblichus and the