Behavioral economics nudge is a microtargetted design geared towards a specific group of people, irrespective of the scale of intended intervention. In 2008, Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein's book "Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness" brought nudge theory to prominence. It also gained a following among US and UK politicians, in the private sector and in public health. The authors refer to influencing behaviour without coercion as libertarian paternalism and the influencers as choice architects. Thaler and Sunstein defined their concept as: In this form, drawing on behavioral economics, the nudge is more generally applied to influence behaviour. One of
2008 Quebec provincial by-elections 2008 Quebec provincial by-elections Provincial by-elections were held in Quebec on 12 May 2008 to fill three vacancies in the National Assembly. The by-elections were called on 9 April 2008. All three seats were held by their incumbent parties. The district of Bourget was vacated by Parti Québécois MNA Diane Lemieux on 17 October 2007. Federal Bloc Québécois MP Maka Kotto resigned from the House of Commons of Canada to contest the by-election, which in turn resulted in the federal Saint-Lambert by-election of September 8, 2008. The riding of Hull was vacated by Liberal MNA Roch Cholette on 9 April