Constitution of Kenya texts since gaining independence: in 1969 and in 2010. In 1969, the 1963 independence constitution was replaced with a new text that entrenched amendments already made to the system of government that the independence constitution had contemplated. These changes included: changing the structure of the state from a federal, or Majimbo system, to a unitary system; creating a unicameral instead of bicameral legislature; changing from a parliamentary to a semi-presidential system with a powerful presidency; and reducing the protections of the bill of rights. Further amendments to the 1969 constitution were later effected, including, in 1982, the institution of a
Ministry of Defence (Indonesia) Ministry of Defence (Indonesia) The Ministry of Defence (Indonesian: "Kementerian Pertahanan" abbreviated Kemhan) of the Republic of Indonesia, formerly the Department of Defence of the Republic of Indonesia is a government ministry responsible for the defence affairs of Indonesia. The minister is currently Ryamizard Ryacudu since 27 October 2014. The Ministry of Defence is the one of three ministries (along with Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Home Affairs) explicitly mentioned in Constitution of Indonesia, which means the three ministries cannot be replaced or dissolved by the President. If both the President and Vice President of Indonesia die, resign,