Mustafa Kemal Atatürk system. The one-party regime was established "de facto" in 1925 after the adoption of the 1924 constitution. The only political party of the GNA was the "Peoples Party", founded by Mustafa Kemal on 9 September 1923. (But according to the party culture the foundation date was the opening day of Sivas Congress on 4 September 1919). On 10 November 1924 it was renamed "Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası" or Republican People's Party (the word "fırka" was replaced by the word "parti" in 1935). Abolition of the Caliphate was an important dimension in Mustafa Kemal's drive to reform the political system and to
Atatürk's Reforms by Atatürk in the initial years of the independence war. In 1924 it was renamed the "Republican People's Party" ("Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası") and in 1935 "Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi". The single-party regime was established de facto after the adoption of the 1924 constitution. The term "de facto single-party state" is used to define the period as the dominant-party system (in this case Republican People's Party), unlike the single-party state, allowed democratic multiparty elections, but existing practices effectively prevent the opposition from winning the elections. The Republican People's Party was the only elected party in the parliament between 1925 and 1945. There