Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People (Youth Oath) of 1928, in which nationalist symbols of Indonesia were adopted, namely, Bahasa Indonesia - a variant of Bahasa Melayu, was named the lingua franca; the presentation of "Indonesia Raya", the national anthem, and the red-white national flag, or "Sang Saka Merah Putih", symbolising the Indonesian independence movement. Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People (Indonesian: Pemufakatan Perhimpunan-perhimpunan Politik Kebangsaan Indonesia, (abbrev: PPPKI), was one of the key anti-colonial political umbrella organizations championing for independence in Indonesia (present-day of Netherlands East Indies) during Dutch colonial rule. PPPKI attempt at uniting
Kawah Putih Kawah Putih Kawah Putih () is a striking crater lake and tourist spot in a volcanic crater about 50 km south of Bandung in West Java in Indonesia. Kawah Putih lake (7.10° S 107.24° E) is one of the two craters which make up Mount Patuha, an andesitic stratovolcano (a "composite" volcano). Mount Patuha is one of numerous volcanoes in Java. Kawah Putih crater lake itself represents a relatively stable volcanic system with no records of significant activity since around 1600. The Kawah Putih site was opened to visitors in 1987. The lake is 2,430 meters above sea level so