Partition of India Committee. "Boloji" states that in Punjab there were no riots but there was communal tension, while Gandhi was reportedly isolated by Nehru and Patel and observed "maun vrat" (day of silence). Mountbatten visited Gandhi and said he hoped that he would not oppose the partition, to which Gandhi wrote the reply: "Have I ever opposed you?" Within British India, the border between India and Pakistan (the Radcliffe Line) was determined by a British Government-commissioned report prepared under the chairmanship of a London barrister, Sir Cyril Radcliffe. Pakistan came into being with two non-contiguous enclaves, East Pakistan (today Bangladesh) and West
Partition of India of India and Pakistan as a key reason for its founding in December 1947. They included FN Souza, MF Husain, SH Raza, SK Bakre, HA Gade and KH Ara, who went on to become some of the most important and influential Indian artists of the 20th Century. Literature describing the human cost of independence and partition comprises Bal K. Gupta's memoirs "Forgotten Atrocities" (2012), Khushwant Singh's "Train to Pakistan" (1956), several short stories such as "Toba Tek Singh" (1955) by Saadat Hassan Manto, Urdu poems such as "Subh-e-Azadi" (Freedom's Dawn, 1947) by Faiz Ahmad Faiz, Bhisham Sahni's "Tamas" (1974), Manohar