Astronesthes richardsoni chin is ribbon-like and lacks a bulb or swelling at its tip. The dorsal fin has 12 to 14 soft rays and the anal fin has 13 to 18. The origin of the dorsal fin is behind the insertion of the pelvic fins. There is a dorsal adipose fin anterior to the caudal peduncle, and a small ventral adipose fin just anterior to the anus. There are two rows of photophores (luminous spots) on each side of the underside of the fish, numerous other photophores on the head and body and a luminous patch on the edge of the preoperculum;
Breitensteinia in five to six longitudinal rows on each side, a dorsal profile rising evenly but not steeply from the tip of snout to the origin of dorsal fin and then sloping gently ventrally from there to the caudal peduncle, a horizontal ventral profile to the origin of the anal fin and then rising to the caudal peduncle, a dorsal fin origin nearer to the tip of the snout than caudal flexure, and a truncate caudal fin. "B. hypselurus" has a smooth posterior edge to its dorsal fin spine, relatively tall neural spines on the caudal vertebrae, a shorter caudal peduncle,