Mustafa Kemal Atatürk system. The one-party regime was established "de facto" in 1925 after the adoption of the 1924 constitution. The only political party of the GNA was the "Peoples Party", founded by Mustafa Kemal on 9 September 1923. (But according to the party culture the foundation date was the opening day of Sivas Congress on 4 September 1919). On 10 November 1924 it was renamed "Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası" or Republican People's Party (the word "fırka" was replaced by the word "parti" in 1935). Abolition of the Caliphate was an important dimension in Mustafa Kemal's drive to reform the political system and to
People's Room People's Room The People's Rooms were state-sponsored Turkish community centers established in the rural parts of Turkey beginning in 1939. The purpose of the People's Rooms was to unite the Turkish people through the expression and manifestation of Turkish culture and Kemalist state policies. The Republican People's Party (Turkish: "Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi"), or the RPP, conceived various means through which to disseminate its nationalist ideology; the People's Houses ("Halkevleri") was one of them. People's Houses were "urban centers" operated by up to nine committees that planned a wide range of cultural, recreational, and even educational activities. People's Houses were only