History of the Republic of Turkey making Turkey a homogeneous Muslim state. There was also the rise of the active participation of the military in politics after the First World War as shown in the so-called Young Turk Revolution in 1908. Ten years later, Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) and other army officers dominated the polity that finally established the nationalist Republic of Turkey out of what was left of the Ottoman Empire. Turkey was established based on the ideology found in the country's pre-Ottoman history and was also steered towards a secular political system to diminish the influence of religious groups such as the Ulema. The history
Istanbul Hezarfen Airfield Istanbul Hezarfen Airfield Istanbul Hezarfen Airfield () is a privately owned airport for general aviation located in Çatalca district of Istanbul, Turkey. The facility, one of the four airports in Istanbul, is named after Hezârfen Ahmet Çelebi, a legendary Ottoman aviator, who purportedly flew across the Bosporus in the 17th century, as told by a contemporary traveler Evliya Çelebi. The airfield is situated on a peninsula surrounded by Lake Büyükçekmece to the south and by the motorway O-3 to the north. It is west of Istanbul. It serves, since 1992, as the first internationally acknowledged private airport in Turkey. Its