History of Turkey newly formed "Republic of Turkey" as the successor state of the Ottoman Empire, and the republic was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923, in the new capital of Ankara. Mustafa Kemal became the republic's first President of Turkey and subsequently introduced many radical reforms with the aim of founding a new secular republic from the remnants of its Ottoman past. The Ottoman fez was abolished, full rights for women politically were established, and new writing system for Turkish based upon the Latin alphabet was created. According to the Law on Family Names, the Turkish parliament presented Mustafa Kemal with the
Van, Turkey terminus of the line to Ankara and Istanbul. Van has daily flights to Istanbul, Ankara and other major Turkish cities from Ferit Melen Airport. Near Van, there is a longwave broadcasting station with a guyed mast. It went in service in 1990 and operates on 225 kHz with 600 kW. The Van Cat is a breed of cat native to this town and named after it. It is noted for its white fur, and having differently colored eyes. Van is twinned with: Van, Turkey Van (; ; ; ; , "Eua") is a city in eastern Turkey's Van Province, located