History of the Republic of Turkey of modern Turkey begins with the foundation of the republic on October 29, 1923, with Kemal as its first president. The government was formed from the Ankara-based revolutionary group, led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and his colleagues. The second constitution was ratified by the Grand National Assembly on April 20, 1924. For about the next 10 years, the country saw a steady process of secular Westernization through Atatürk's Reforms, which included the unification of education; the discontinuation of religious and other titles; the closure of Islamic courts and the replacement of Islamic canon law with a secular civil code modeled
Prose of Turkey Kitap" (""The Black Book"") and 1998's "Benim Adım Kırmızı" (""My Name is Red"")—are influenced more by postmodernism than by modernism. This is true also of Latife Tekin (1957– ), whose first novel "Sevgili Arsız Ölüm" (""Dear Shameless Death"", 1983) shows the influence not only of postmodernism, but also of magic realism. Elif Şafak is the most read woman Turkish novelist. Prose of Turkey Prose of the Republic of Turkey covers the "Turkish Prose" beginning with 1911 with the national literature movement. Stylistically, the prose of the early years of the Republic of Turkey was essentially a continuation of the National