NR-1 Sinkhole interest, as sinkholes are generally believed to form only in environments which are subaerial, or exposed to the air. In contrast, the NR-1 Sinkhole is believed to be too deep underwater for the area to have been exposed to the air during formation in the Neogene. It was the first documented evidence suggesting that it is possible for karst sinkholes to form entirely underwater. NR-1 Sinkhole The NR-1 Sinkhole is a giant underwater sinkhole located in the Straits of Florida southwest of Key West, Florida. It is found at an approximate depth of of water at the foot of the
Ground freezing ambient temperatures fall below ground temperatures, the liquid vapor starts condensing in the radiator, reducing the pressure in the system causing the liquid in the evaporator to boil and evaporate. This process results in heat transfer from the ground to the air and keeps the ground in a permanent frozen state. Ground freezing Ground freezing is a construction technique used in circumstances where soil needs to be stabilized so it will not collapse next to excavations, or to prevent contaminants spilled into soil from being leached away. Ground freezing has been used for at least one hundred years. Pipes are