Derailleur gears designed and built in the late 19th century. One example is the Protean two-speed derailleur available on the Whippet safety bicycle. The French bicycle tourist, writer and cycling promoter Paul de Vivie (1853–1930), who wrote under the name "Vélocio", invented a two speed rear derailleur in 1905 which he used on forays into the Alps. Some early designs used rods to move the chain onto various gears. 1928 saw the introduction of the "Super Champion Gear" (or "Osgear") from the company founded by champion cyclist Oscar Egg, as well as the Vittoria Margherita; both employed chainstay mounted 'paddles' and single
Influence of French on English the century, to Henri VI and Marguerite in the 15th century, all kings of England married French princesses. These marriages made French the language of the English court for several centuries and were decisive in strengthening the use of French in England. This period (12th-15th centuries) is characterized by a massive influx of French words into Old English vocabulary. In 1204, under Philippe Auguste, Normandy was officially annexed to the Capetian royal demesne (previously, Normandy, though part of French kingdom, was largely autonomous, under the authority of its dukes, kings of England), politically isolating England from the continent. Normans who