Nineteen Eighty-Four the novel, Winston Smith, is a rank-and-file Party member. Smith is an outwardly diligent and skillful worker, but he secretly hates the Party and dreams of rebellion against Big Brother. Smith rebels by entering a forbidden relationship with fellow employee Julia. As literary political fiction and dystopian science-fiction, "Nineteen Eighty-Four" is a classic novel in content, plot, and style. Many of its terms and concepts, such as "Big Brother", "doublethink", "thoughtcrime", "Newspeak", "Room 101", "telescreen", "2 + 2 = 5", and "memory hole", have entered into common usage since its publication in 1949. "Nineteen Eighty-Four" popularised the adjective "Orwellian", which
Nineteen Eighty-Four it end via Fascist "coup d'état" from above or via Socialist revolution from below"? Later, he admitted that events proved him wrong: "What really matters is that I fell into the trap of assuming that 'the war and the revolution are inseparable'." "Nineteen Eighty-Four" (1949) and "Animal Farm" (1945) share themes of the betrayed revolution, the person's subordination to the collective, rigorously enforced class distinctions (Inner Party, Outer Party, Proles), the cult of personality, concentration camps, Thought Police, compulsory regimented daily exercise, and youth leagues. Oceania resulted from the US annexation of the British Empire to counter the Asian peril