Steneotarsonemus spinki the temperate climate of the United States, the area of southwest Louisiana has a sub-tropical climate with both high temperature and high humidity. Panicle rice mites thrive under both of these conditions and may cause substantial economic losses when found in association with "Burkholderia glumae" (bacterial panicle blight) and "Sarocladium oryzae" (sheath rot) pathogens. These pathogens are both present in southwest Louisiana. Panicle rice mites are pests of commercial rice ("Oryza sativa"), and completes its development on the invasive plant "Oryza latifolia". Feeding takes place behind the leaf sheath. The feeding lesion can be detected by cinnamon to chocolate-brown discoloration
Scirpophaga nivella orange anal tuft, sometimes brownish in the female. The larvae are off white with a reddish dorsal line. Major feeding plant is sugarcane, besides "Oryza sativa", "Scirpus", "Cyperus", "Eleocharis" (including "Eleocharis dulcis") and "Calidum articulatum" are also susceptible as feeding plants of the moth. Caterpillars bore into midrib, by leaving red markings and small holes on the leaves. Then it bore in the upper portion of stem, causing "dead heart" symptoms. Gradually, side branches start growing from a lower node, giving a characteristic "bunchy top" appearance to the plant. Most effective method is using biological predators and parasitoids. It is