Nineteen Eighty-Four Dips into the Near Future" by John A. Hobson; "Brave New World" (1932) by Aldous Huxley; "We" (1921) by Yevgeny Zamyatin which he reviewed in 1946; and "The Managerial Revolution" (1940) by James Burnham predicting perpetual war among three totalitarian superstates. Orwell told Jacintha Buddicom that he would write a novel stylistically like "A Modern Utopia" (1905) by H. G. Wells. Extrapolating from World War II, the novel's pastiche parallels the politics and rhetoric at war's end—the changed alliances at the "Cold War's" (1945–91) beginning; the Ministry of Truth derives from the BBC's overseas service, controlled by the Ministry of
Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984 film) same year. An epigraph in the closing credits claims that the "Nineteen Eighty-Four" was shot during the very months and in the very locales when and where Orwell's novel was set. Upon its U.S. premiere, Vincent Canby said the film was "admirable, bleakly beautiful", though "not an easy film to watch". Roger Ebert awarded the film 3.5/4 stars, writing that it "penetrates much more deeply into the novel's heart of darkness" than previous adaptations, and describing Hurt as "the perfect Winston Smith." Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an 80% "fresh" rating, based on 21 reviews, with an