Oryza sativa "Oryza sativa" var. "indica" rice agriculture, before the truly 'wetland' rice "Oryza sativa" var. "japonica", arrived around 2000 BC. Rice was cultivated in the Indus Valley civilization (3rd millennium BC). Agricultural activity during the second millennium BC included rice cultivation in the Kashmir and Harrappan regions. Mixed farming was the basis of Indus valley economy. According to Zohary and Hopf (2000, p. 91), "O. sativa" was recovered from a grave at Susa in Iran (dated to the first century AD) at one end of the ancient world, while at the same time rice was grown in the Po valley in
Scirpophaga gilviberbis on "Oryza" species, including "Oryza sativa". Scirpophaga gilviberbis Scirpophaga gilviberbis is a moth in the Crambidae family. It was described by Zeller in 1863. It is found on the Comoros and in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, South Africa, Zambia, India, Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi), Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. The wingspan is 20–22 mm for males and 23–35 mm for females. The forewings of the males are ochreous with some fuscous scales. The hindwings are white, except for the costal area and the apex which are ochreous. Females have white fore- and hindwings. The anal tuft is whitish grey