Neo-völkisch movements forms and esoteric themes, so that neo-"völkisch" currents often have the character of new religious movements. Included under the neo-"völkisch" umbrella are movements ranging from conservative revolutionary schools of thought ("Nouvelle Droite", European New Right, Evolian Traditionalism) to white supremacist and white separatist interpretations of Christianity, pantheism and paganism (Christian Identity, Creativity Movement, Cosmotheism, Nordic racial paganism) to Neo-Nazi subcultures (Esoteric Hitlerism, Nazi Satanism, National Socialist black metal). According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, only pagan-type groups are recognized as "Neo-Volkisch", excluding Christian Identity. Among the terms used are Nazi Satanism and Fascist Satanism. Sometimes these groups self-identify as
Bill White (neo-Nazi) attended a small rally in Yorktown, Virginia. He served as a spokesman for a 2006 neo-Nazi march at the capitol in Lansing, Michigan. However, he brought unwanted attention to the NSM when the story of Jacques Pluss, a former professor at Farleigh Dickinson University who was a member of the group, became national news—Pluss claimed at the time that he was pretending to be a Nazi in order to study the group from within (he would later disavow this and confirm he was actually a Nazi, by which time his academic career had ended and he had become a fringe