Security hacker laws against computer hacking. Neal Patrick testified before the U.S. House of Representatives on September 26, 1983, about the dangers of computer hacking, and six bills concerning computer crime were introduced in the House that year. As a result of these laws against computer criminality, white hat, grey hat and black hat hackers try to distinguish themselves from each other, depending on the legality of their activities. These moral conflicts are expressed in The Mentor's "The Hacker Manifesto", published 1986 in "Phrack". Use of the term hacker meaning computer criminal was also advanced by the title "Stalking the Wily Hacker",
Gagak Item Gagak Item Gagak Item (; Vernacular Malay for "Black Raven", also known by the Dutch title De Zwarte Raaf) is a 1939 bandit film from the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) directed by Joshua and Othniel Wong for Tan's Film. Starring Rd Mochtar, Roekiah, and Eddy T. Effendi, it follows a masked man known only as "Gagak Item" ("Black Raven"). The black-and-white film, which featured the cast and crew from the 1937 hit "Terang Boelan" ("Full Moon"), was a commercial success and received positive reviews upon release. It is likely lost. "Gagak Item" was directed by brothers Joshua and Othniel