Nineteen Eighty-Four essay "Notes on Nationalism" about the lack of vocabulary needed to explain the unrecognised phenomena behind certain political forces. In "Nineteen Eighty-Four", the Party's artificial, minimalist language 'Newspeak' addresses the matter. O'Brien concludes: "The object of persecution is persecution. The object of torture is torture. The object of power is power." In the book, Inner Party member O'Brien describes the Party's vision of the future: A major theme of "Nineteen Eighty-Four" is censorship, especially in the Ministry of Truth, where photographs are modified and public archives rewritten to rid them of "unpersons" (persons who are erased from history by the
Iron law of oligarchy universal principles, such as neutrality, verifiability, civility, and consensus. The ambiguity and interpretability of these abstract concepts may drive them to decouple from each other over time." The Iron Law of Oligarchy is similar to the concept in "The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism", a fictional book in the dystopian novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four" (1949) by George Orwell. The book begins: Iron law of oligarchy The iron law of oligarchy is a political theory, first developed by the German sociologist Robert Michels in his 1911 book, "Political Parties". It asserts that rule by an elite, or oligarchy, is inevitable as