Spice natural preservatives, preventing or slowing the spoilage of food, leading to a higher nutritional content in stored food. India contributes 75% of global spice production. The International Organization for Standardization addresses spices and condiments, along with related food additives, as part of the International Classification for Standards 67.220 series. The Indian Institute of Spices Research in Kozhikode, Kerala, is devoted exclusively to conducting research for ten spice crops: black pepper, cardamom, cinnamon, clove, garcinia, ginger, nutmeg, paprika, turmeric, and vanilla. Books Articles Spice A spice is a seed, fruit, root, bark, or other plant substance primarily used for flavoring, coloring
Cassia crossbill It is believed that crossbills used the public information of different calls to forage. This eventually led to assortative flocking when crossbills would follow vocalizations that would provide them the easiest route to food. This can be another mechanism to how the Cassia crossbill diverged from the red crossbill. The Cassia crossbill and the other red crossbill call types will strongly associate with their own call types. Between 2001 and 2006, less that 1% of Cassia crossbills paired with other call types. Compared to the red crossbill call types, which are opportunistic breeders throughout most of the year, the Cassia