Nineteen Eighty-Four and opera. The effect of "Nineteen Eighty-Four" on the English language is extensive; the concepts of Big Brother, Room 101, the Thought Police, thoughtcrime, unperson, memory hole (oblivion), doublethink (simultaneously holding and believing contradictory beliefs) and Newspeak (ideological language) have become common phrases for denoting totalitarian authority. Doublespeak and groupthink are both deliberate elaborations of "doublethink", and the adjective "Orwellian" means similar to Orwell's writings, especially "Nineteen Eighty-Four". The practice of ending words with (such as "mediaspeak") is drawn from the novel. Orwell is perpetually associated with 1984; in July 1984, an asteroid was discovered by Antonín Mrkos and named
Nineteen Eighty-Four (2003) reports that the title "1984" was chosen simply as an inversion of the year 1948, the year in which it was being completed, and that the date was meant to give an immediacy and urgency to the menace of totalitarian rule. Throughout its publication history, "Nineteen Eighty-Four" has been either banned or legally challenged, as subversive or ideologically corrupting, like the dystopian novels "We" (1924) by Yevgeny Zamyatin, "Brave New World" (1932) by Aldous Huxley, "Darkness at Noon" (1940) by Arthur Koestler, "Kallocain" (1940) by Karin Boye and "Fahrenheit 451" (1953) by Ray Bradbury. Some writers consider the Russian