American Open Currency Standard was Chair of the Committee. American Open Currency Standard American Open Currency Standard (AOCS) is a non-profit organization opposed to fiat money and wishing to expedite the use of metal as money. In accordance with its mission, AOCS grants approval to new currencies, helps new currency issuers to establish brand identity, and encourages merchants to accept AOCS-approved currencies. AOCS was started in 2007 by Robert Gray, who was formerly a Regional Currency Office for Liberty Dollar and is currently the Executive Director of AOCS. Robert Gray testified before the United States House Financial Services Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy and
Shall and will futurity. In practice, however, this rule is often not observed – the two auxiliaries are used interchangeably, with "will" being far more common than "shall". This is discussed in more detail in the following sections. According to "Merriam Webster's Dictionary of English Usage", the distinction between "shall" and "will" as future markers arose from the practice of Latin teaching in English schools in the 14th century. It was customary to use "will" to translate the Latin "velle" (meaning to wish, want or intend); this left "shall" (which had no other equivalent in Latin) to translate the Latin future tense. This