Wood preservation preservation reaching back to ancient Greece during Alexander the Great's rule, where bridge wood was soaked in olive oil. The Romans protected their ship hulls by brushing the wood with tar. During the Industrial Revolution wood preservation became a cornerstone of the wood processing industry. Inventors and scientists such as Bethell, Boucherie, Burnett and Kyan made historic developments in wood preservation, with the preservative solutions and processes. Commercial pressure treatment began in the latter half of the 19th century with the protection of railroad cross-ties using creosote. Treated wood was used primarily for industrial, agricultural, and utility applications, where it
English words of Greek origin "bacterium" < βακτήριον 'stick (diminutive)' is a kind of microorganism rather than a small stick or staff. This also applies to combining forms used in neologisms: "-cyte" or "cyto-" < κύτος 'container' means biological cells, not arbitrary containers; "-oma" < -ωμα, a generic morpheme forming deverbal nouns such as "diploma" 'a folded thing' and "glaucoma" 'greyness', comes to have the very narrow meaning of 'tumor' or 'swelling', on the model of words like "carcinoma" < καρκίνωμα. For example, "melanoma" does not come from Greek μελάνωμα 'blackness', but rather from the modern combining forms "melano-" 'dark (in biology)' + "-oma" 'tumor'.