Quark–gluon plasma in their Nature PR. Quark–gluon plasma is a state of matter in which the elementary particles that make up the hadrons of baryonic matter are freed of their strong attraction for one another under extremely high energy densities. These particles are the quarks and gluons that compose baryonic matter. In normal matter quarks are "confined"; in the QGP quarks are "deconfined". In classical QCD quarks are the fermionic components of hadrons (mesons and baryons) while the gluons are considered the bosonic components of such particles. The gluons are the force carriers, or bosons, of the QCD color force, while the
W′ and Z′ bosons W′ and Z′ bosons In particle physics, W′ and Z′ bosons (or W-prime and Z-prime bosons) refer to hypothetical gauge bosons that arise from extensions of the electroweak symmetry of the Standard Model. They are named in analogy with the Standard Model W and Z bosons. W′ bosons often arise in models with an extra SU(2) gauge group. is spontaneously broken to the diagonal subgroup SU(2) which corresponds to the electroweak SU(2). More generally, we might have "n" copies of SU(2), which are then broken down to a diagonal SU(2). This gives rise to "n"−1 W′, W′ and Z′ bosons.