1923 Great Kantō earthquake divine punishment to admonish the Japanese people for their self-centered, immoral, and extravagant lifestyles. In the long run, the response to the disaster was a strong sense that Japan had been given an unparalleled opportunity to rebuild the city, and to rebuild Japanese values. In reconstructing the city, the nation, and the Japanese people, the earthquake fostered a culture of catastrophe and reconstruction that amplified discourses of moral degeneracy and national renovation in interwar Japan. After the earthquake, Gotō Shinpei organized a reconstruction plan of Tokyo with modern networks of roads, trains, and public services. Parks were placed all over
The Nation and Athenaeum as the "New Statesman and Nation" until 1964. The Nation and Athenaeum The Nation and Athenaeum, or simply The Nation, was a United Kingdom political weekly newspaper with a Liberal/Labour viewpoint. It was formed in 1921 from the merger of the "Athenaeum", a literary magazine published in London since 1828, and the smaller and newer "Nation", edited by Henry William Massingham. The enterprise was purchased by a group led by the economist John Maynard Keynes in 1923. From then on, it carried numerous articles by Keynes. From 1923 to 1930, the editor was Liberal economist Hubert Douglas Henderson, and the