Chilo infuscatellus jungle rice ("Echinochloa colona"), barley ("Hordeum vulgare"), rice ("Oryza sativa"), millet ("Panicum"), pearl millet ("Pennisetum glaucum"), sugarcane ("Saccharum officinarum"), sorghum ("Sorghum bicolor") and maize ("Zea mays"). Young larvae eat small holes in the leaves, particularly the leaf sheaths. As they grow, the larvae feed on the tips of the shoots, killing the growing points, and later still, they bore into the stems, creating galleries and producing frass which drops from the holes. The stems become brittle and the dead hearts of the plants are characteristic of this pest. Control of "Chilo infuscatellus" in sugar plantations is difficult. The plants are
Scirpophaga nivella orange anal tuft, sometimes brownish in the female. The larvae are off white with a reddish dorsal line. Major feeding plant is sugarcane, besides "Oryza sativa", "Scirpus", "Cyperus", "Eleocharis" (including "Eleocharis dulcis") and "Calidum articulatum" are also susceptible as feeding plants of the moth. Caterpillars bore into midrib, by leaving red markings and small holes on the leaves. Then it bore in the upper portion of stem, causing "dead heart" symptoms. Gradually, side branches start growing from a lower node, giving a characteristic "bunchy top" appearance to the plant. Most effective method is using biological predators and parasitoids. It is