Oryza sativa "Oryza sativa" var. "indica" rice agriculture, before the truly 'wetland' rice "Oryza sativa" var. "japonica", arrived around 2000 BC. Rice was cultivated in the Indus Valley civilization (3rd millennium BC). Agricultural activity during the second millennium BC included rice cultivation in the Kashmir and Harrappan regions. Mixed farming was the basis of Indus valley economy. According to Zohary and Hopf (2000, p. 91), "O. sativa" was recovered from a grave at Susa in Iran (dated to the first century AD) at one end of the ancient world, while at the same time rice was grown in the Po valley in
Saluria inficita the plants show dried up shoots and turn yellow. Damage can controlled by hand picking, pheromone usage, light traps and usage of chemical insecticides such as carabaryl, methyl parathion, phosphomidon or dimethoate. Saluria inficita Saluria inficita, the white stem borer, is a moth of the family Pyralidae. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1863. It is found in India and Sri Lanka. Its caterpillars are pests of "Eleusine coracana", "Oryza sativa", "Setaria italica" and "Zea mays". The adult has brownish wings. A pale white band runs along the margin of forewings. Hindwings white. The caterpillar is whitish