Climate change in Japan of crude oil annually must reduce emissions by 15–20% of the average volume from the three years before this bylaw. Even with emissions trading or cap-and-trade, if the targeted reduction not is achieved by 2020, a penalty of up to JPY500,000 will be charged. This penalty chargeable regulation is the first in Japan. Japan created the Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement Plan to lay out the necessary measures required to meet their 6% reduction commitment under the Kyoto Protocol. It was first established as an outcome of the evaluation of the Climate Change Policy Program carried out in 2004. The main
Capital flows in Japan market) rather than the removal of international capital controls per se. This approach was taken because of United States concerns that foreign investment in Japan was impeded by a lack of various financial instruments in the country and by the government's continued control of interest rates for many of those instruments that did exist. As a result of the agreement, for example, interest rates on large bank deposits were decontrolled, and the minimum denomination for certificates of deposit was lowered. By the end of the 1980s, barriers to capital flow were no longer a major issue in Japan-United States relations.