Maotianshan Shales fossil record. Phylum Porifera (sponges; 15 species) and Priapulida (16 species) are also well represented. Other phyla represented are Brachiopoda, Chaetognatha, Cnidaria, Ctenophora, Echinodermata, Hyolitha, Nematomorpha, Phoronida, and Chordata. Possible molluscs include "Wiwaxia" and "Nectocaris". About one in eight animals are problematic forms of uncertain affinity, some of which may have been evolutionary experiments that survived for only a brief period as benthic environments rapidly changed in the Cambrian. Chengjiang is the richest source of the lobopodia, a group including many early panarthropods, with six genera represented: "Luolishania", "Paucipodia", "Cardiodictyon"," Hallucigenia" (also known from the Burgess Shale), "Microdictyon", and "Onychodictyon".
Bacterial phyla Group A. Two species of the candidate phylum OP10, which is now called Armatimonadetes, where recently cultured: "Armatimonas rosea" isolated from the rhizoplane of a reed in a lake in Japan and "Chthonomonas calidirosea" from an isolate from geothermally heated soil at Hell's Gate, Tikitere, New Zealand. One species, "Caldisericum exile", of the candidate phylum OP5 was cultured, leading to it being named Caldiserica. The candidate phylum VadinBE97 is now known as Lentisphaerae after "Lentisphaera araneosa" and "Victivallis vadensis" were cultured. More recently several candidate phyla have been given provisional names despite the fact that they have no cultured representatives: