Ambulacraria Ambulacraria Ambulacraria or Coelomopora is a Superphylum of invertebrate phyla which includes echinoderms and hemichordates; a member of this group is called an ambulacrarian. Phylogenetic analysis suggest the echinoderms and hemichordates separated around 533 million years ago. The Ambulacraria are part of the deuterostomes, a larger clade that also includes the Chordata, Vetulicolia and Saccorhytus. The two living clades with representative organisms are: The group Xenoturbellida (two species of worm-like animals) has previously been considered to be in this clade, but is now considered to be placed more basally among Metazoans. Fossil taxa that may lie on the stem lineage:
Bacterial phyla thermophilic sulphate-reducers. Thermomicrobia The "Thermotogae" is a phylum of whose members possess an unusual outer envelope called the toga and are mostly hyperthermophilic obligate anaerobic fermenters. "Verrucomicrobia" is a phylum of the PVC superphylum. Like the "Planctomycetes" species, its members possess a compartmentalised cell plan with a condensed nucleoid and the ribosomes pirellulosome (enclosed by the intracytoplasmic membrane) and paryphoplasm compartment between the intracytoplasmic membrane and cytoplasmic membrane. The branching order of the phyla of bacteria is unclear. Different studies arrive at different results due to different datasets and methods. For example, in studies using 16S and few other sequences