Red-billed quelea including annual grasses of the genera "Echinochloa", "Panicum", "Setaria", "Sorghum", "Tetrapogon" and "Urochloa". One survey at Lake Chad showed that two thirds of the seeds eaten belonged to only three species: African wild rice ("Oryza barthii"), "Sorghum purpureosericeum" and jungle rice ("Echinochloa colona"). When the supply of these seeds runs out, seeds of cereals such as barley ("Hordeum disticum"), teff ("Eragrostis tef"), sorghum ("Sorghum bicolor"), manna ("Setaria italica"), millet ("Panicum miliaceum"), rice ("Oryza sativa"), wheat ("Triticum"), oats ("Avena aestiva"), as well as buckwheat ("Phagopyrum esculentum") and sunflower ("Helianthus annuus") are eaten on a large scale. Red-billed queleas have also been
Scirpophaga nivella orange anal tuft, sometimes brownish in the female. The larvae are off white with a reddish dorsal line. Major feeding plant is sugarcane, besides "Oryza sativa", "Scirpus", "Cyperus", "Eleocharis" (including "Eleocharis dulcis") and "Calidum articulatum" are also susceptible as feeding plants of the moth. Caterpillars bore into midrib, by leaving red markings and small holes on the leaves. Then it bore in the upper portion of stem, causing "dead heart" symptoms. Gradually, side branches start growing from a lower node, giving a characteristic "bunchy top" appearance to the plant. Most effective method is using biological predators and parasitoids. It is