Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs in Pugwash, Nova Scotia in 1957. The theme of the conference is "Confronting New Nuclear Dangers." The conference agenda will focus on strengthening the nuclear test ban and combating terrorism. The Astana conference working groups include: Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs The Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs is an international organization that brings together scholars and public figures to work toward reducing the danger of armed conflict and to seek solutions to global security threats. It was founded in 1957 by Joseph Rotblat and Bertrand Russell in Pugwash, Nova Scotia, Canada, following the release of the
International Student/Young Pugwash the Netherlands for the first jointly organized IS/YP conference. Student pre-conferences to the annual Pugwash Conferences began at the 1997 Pugwash Conference held in Norway. ISYP's members comprise national groups, which themselves may comprise loose or formal collections of school or university chapters. National entities include Student Pugwash USA (SPUSA), the largest, and Student Pugwash UK (SPUK) among others. International Student/Young Pugwash International Student/Young Pugwash (ISYP) is an international organization that promotes awareness and action among students and young professionals in relation to ethical implications of science and technology policy, particularly matters of international security and weapons of mass destruction.