Security hacker that members of the computer underground should be called crackers. Yet, those people see themselves as hackers and even try to include the views of Raymond in what they see as a wider hacker culture, a view that Raymond has harshly rejected. Instead of a hacker/cracker dichotomy, they emphasize a spectrum of different categories, such as white hat, grey hat, black hat and script kiddie. In contrast to Raymond, they usually reserve the term "cracker" for more malicious activity. According to Ralph D. Clifford, a "cracker" or "cracking" is to "gain unauthorized access to a computer in order to commit
Internet Optimizer Internet Optimizer Internet Optimizer, also known as DyFuCA is an adware and a spyware program, which first appeared in 2003. It typically redirects Internet Explorer error pages to advertising pages. It may be installed as a drive-by download via an ActiveX component, usually via nuisance affiliate porn webpage popups. Users suspicions are lulled by it's installer title as "Internet Optimizer" under the guise of the name of the otherwise unrelated Moneytree, while the C&C domains accessed were usually named with the prefix ""mtree"". When users follow a broken link or enter an erroneous URL, instead of the browser's internal default