Graphene smaller amplitude and higher frequency. This phenomenon, named "membrane effect", was predicted by Lifshitz in 1952. A prediction that was published in 2015 suggested a melting point of ≈4125 K. Recent and more sophisticated modelling has increased this temperature to at least 5000 K. At 6000 K (the sun's surface having an effective temperature of 5,777 K) graphene melts into an agglomeration of loosely coupled doubled bonded chains, before becoming a gas. The carbon–carbon bond length in graphene is about 0.142 nanometers. Graphene sheets stack to form graphite with an interplanar spacing of . Graphene is the strongest material ever
The Mighty Atom (Thunderbirds) none of the regular characters. "The Mighty Atom" is the only episode of "Thunderbirds" to feature all of the regular characters and all of the "Thunderbirds" machines. It also marks the first appearance of "Thunderbird 4" in the series. The two-part version that was broadcast in some UK regions separates the older footage from the material that was filmed for the episode's expansion. Certain scenes were altered to create this format; these include one of a news conference in Melbourne, which was shortened, and another in which the Tracy brothers play a practical joke on Lady Penelope, which was removed