Anti-gliadin antibodies is also found in a number of patients who are not enteropathic. Some of these patients may have neuropathies that respond favorably to a gluten elimination diet. This is referred to as gluten-sensitive idiopathic neuropathy. Clinically these antibodies and IgG antibodies to gliadin are abbreviated as AGA. The IgG antibody is similar to AGA IgA, but is found at higher levels in patients with the IgA-less phenotype. It is also associated with coeliac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Anti-gliadin antibodies are frequently found with anti-transglutaminase antibodies. The IgE antibodies are more typically found in allergy-related conditions such as urticaria, asthma,
Gluten immunochemistry revealed no mutation that would increase risk for MICA. HLA-DQ proteins present polypeptide regions of proteins of about 9 amino acids and larger in size (10 to 14 residues in involved in binding is common for gliadin) to T lymphocytes. Gliadin proteins can be adsorbed by APC. After digestion in the lysozomes of APCs, glaidin peptides can be recycled to the cell's surface bound to DQ, or they can be bound and presented directly from the cell surface. The major source of inflammatory gluten is dietary gluten. Optimal reactivity of gliadin occurs when the protein is partially digested by small