Fundamental interaction The gravitational force is attributed to the curvature of spacetime, described by Einstein's general theory of relativity. The other three are discrete quantum fields, and their interactions are mediated by elementary particles described by the Standard Model of particle physics. Within the Standard Model, the strong interaction is carried by a particle called the gluon, and is responsible for quarks binding together to form hadrons, such as protons and neutrons. As a residual effect, it creates the nuclear force that binds the latter particles to form atomic nuclei. The weak interaction is carried by particles called W and Z bosons,
3 Quarks Daily had reached thirty-five thousand. Since then, "3 Quarks Daily" has culled content from hundreds of sources, from blogs such as Salon, Science Daily, and The Huffington Post, from major publications such as "The New York Times", "Nature", and "The Guardian", to smaller outlets such as "Guernica Magazine", "The Awl", and "The American Scholar". The name "3 Quarks Daily" comes from the elementary nuclear particles of physics which in turn were named after the word "quark" which James Joyce had used in Finnegans Wake. The confluence of references to both science and literature in a single word suited the intent of