Agonopterix alstroemeriana alkaloids obtained from its host plant. They also have the advantage of local predators being less familiar with the species because they are non-native. The caterpillar may also benefit from the toxic alkaloids present in the poison hemlock host plant because they may increase the ability of "A. alstroemeriana" to recognize "Conium maculatum" as the correct location for oviposition. They pupate for 2 weeks in the soil, usually from late May to early June. The color of pupa is red-brown, with fine hairs densely located. The length of pupae is approximately 6–7 mm. After pupating, the moths emerge from the
Yellow-banded poison dart frog sex. Uniquely, it is also the only poison dart frog to estivate during dry spells. Yellow-banded poison dart frogs reproduce sexually. The mother lays her fertilized eggs (zygotes) in a body of water. When they hatch, they are called tadpoles. Like all Dendrobatidae, "D. leucomelas" frogs secrete toxins from their skin, which they gain from eating certain unspecified arthropod prey. It is uncertain precisely which arthropods lend their toxicity to which genus of Dendrobatidae, but one such arthropod is thought to have been identified as a possible source of the toxin for Dendrobatidae "Phyllobates terribilis" (aka the golden poison frog),