Instituto Nacional de Industria acts ended up in failure (e.g., Adaro), INI soon turned itself into the biggest industrial conglomerate of Spain. INI included a broad range of companies, from heavy and basic industries to "soft" services, most of them with E.N., standing for Empresa Nacional (National Corporation), in their names. Among them were: Ensidesa (Empresa Nacional Siderúrgica S.A.)–Aceralia (steel), Enasa (Empresa Nacional de Autocamiones S.A.)–Pegaso (trucks), SEAT (Sociedad Española de Automóviles de Turismo) (cars), INH (Instituto Nacional de Hidrocarburos)–Repsol (Refinería de Petróleos de Escombreras Oil) (oil and gas), ENCE (Empresa Nacional de Celulosas de España) (cellulose, biofuels), ENDASA (Empresa Nacional de Aluminio S.A.)
Sociedad Académica de Amantes del País since the arrival of the Spanish in Peru, the concept of Peru as a nation was established. Sociedad Académica de Amantes del País Sociedad Académica de Amantes del País ("Academic Society of Lovers of the Country") was a society established in Lima, Peru in 1790 for the purpose of discussing national matters. Joseph Rossi founded the group, which was shaped by José Maria Egaña, Demetrio Guasque, Hipólito Unanue and Jacinto Calero y Moreira. Together with two acquaintances under the pseudonyms of Mindirido and Agelasto and three ladies known as Dorálice, Florida and Egeria, they had previously formed the Society Harmonica