Gondwana Massif have been dated at 320–330 million years old, indicating that the subduction process initiated in the early Carboniferous.This was relatively short lived (lasting about 20 million years), and initial contact of the two landmasses occurred in the mid-Carboniferous, with broader collision during the early Permian. In the Devonian an island arc named Chaitenia accreted to Patagonia in what is now south-central Chile. Gondwana and Laurasia formed the Pangaea supercontinent during the Carboniferous. Pangaea began to break up in the Mid-Jurassic when the Central Atlantic opened. In the western end of Pangaea, the collision between Gondwana and Laurasia closed the
Pangaea (album) its predecessor, "Pangaea"s lengthy performances combined musical forms from African-American genres with Karlheinz Stockhausen's "conception of a 'world music' that moves like creeping tectonic plates". At the end of 1991, "Pangaea" was voted the ninth best reissue of the year in the Pazz & Jop, an annual poll of American critics published in "The Village Voice". As with several other of Davis' live albums from the period, "Pangaea" became an influence on several no wave, funk, and highbrow new wave and punk rock musicians, including Tom Verlaine of Television and Robert Quine. Footnotes Bibliography Pangaea (album) Pangaea is a double