Portuguese-based creole languages used to distinguish locally born black people of African descent from those who had been brought from Africa as slaves. In time, however, this generic sense was lost, and the word "crioulo" or its derivatives (like "Creole" and its equivalents in other languages) became the name of several specific Upper Guinean communities and their languages: the Guinean people and their Kriol language, Cape Verdean people and their Kriolu language, all of which still today have very vigorous use, suppressing the importance of official standard Portuguese. The oldest Portuguese-based creole are the so-called "crioulos" of Upper Guinea, born around the Portuguese
Etymology of Kapisa Etymology of Kapisa The original form and meaning of the toponym Kapisa or Kapiśa – a country located during prehistory in part of modern Afghanistan – are unknown. The related name Kapiśi refers to a city (centered near modern Bagram), that is believed to have been Kapisa's capital. Kapiśa is also widely believed to be synonymous with Kamboja – a toponym found in ancient Indian literature and religious texts. Perhaps the earliest references to Kapiśa "per se" are by the 5th century BCE Indian scholar Pāṇini (writing in Sanskrit) who also refers to Kapiśi, and "kapiśayana", a wine made in