Pangaea and along the adjacent margins of east Africa, Antarctica and Madagascar, new rifts were forming that would lead to the formation of the southwestern Indian Ocean that would open up in the Cretaceous. The second major phase in the break-up of Pangaea began in the Early Cretaceous (150–140 Ma), when the minor supercontinent of Gondwana separated into multiple continents (Africa, South America, India, Antarctica, and Australia). The subduction at Tethyan Trench probably caused Africa, India and Australia to move northward, causing the opening of a "South Indian Ocean". In the Early Cretaceous, Atlantica, today's South America and Africa, finally separated
Pangaea (album) its predecessor, "Pangaea"s lengthy performances combined musical forms from African-American genres with Karlheinz Stockhausen's "conception of a 'world music' that moves like creeping tectonic plates". At the end of 1991, "Pangaea" was voted the ninth best reissue of the year in the Pazz & Jop, an annual poll of American critics published in "The Village Voice". As with several other of Davis' live albums from the period, "Pangaea" became an influence on several no wave, funk, and highbrow new wave and punk rock musicians, including Tom Verlaine of Television and Robert Quine. Footnotes Bibliography Pangaea (album) Pangaea is a double