Incendiary device Incendiary device Incendiary weapons, incendiary devices or incendiary bombs are weapons designed to start fires or destroy sensitive equipment using fire (and sometimes used as anti-personnel weaponry), that use materials such as napalm, thermite, magnesium powder, chlorine trifluoride, or white phosphorus. Though colloquially often known as bombs, they are not explosives but in fact are designed to slow the process of chemical reactions and use ignition rather than detonation to start and or maintain the reaction. Napalm for example, is petroleum especially thickened with certain chemicals into a 'gel' to slow, but not stop, combustion, releasing energy over a longer
Copper naphthenate adhesion promoters, lubricant additives, and catalysts where oil solubility is required. Naphthenic acid is a complex group of carboxylic acids with the general formula CHO where n indicates the carbon number and z specifies the hydrogen deficiency resulting from ring formation. Naphthenic acids occur naturally in crude oil at varying concentrations, and their composition varies with the crude oil composition and the conditions during refining. Crude oils with total acid number (TAN) as little as 0.5 mg KOH/g acid or petroleum fractions greater than about 1.0 mg KOH/g oil usually qualify as a high acid crude or oil. At the