M69 incendiary M69 incendiary The M69 incendiary bomblet was used in air raids on Japan and China during World War II. They were nicknamed "Tokyo calling cards". The M69 was a plain steel pipe with a hexagonal cross section in diameter and long. It weighed about . The bomblet used napalm (jelled gasoline) as an incendiary filler, improving on earlier designs which used thermite or magnesium fillers that burned more intensely, but were less energy- and weight-efficient, and were easier to extinguish. In Germany they were filled with jellied oil and dropped in clusters of 36 in the non-aerodynamic M19 bomb. Over
Phosphoric acids and phosphates its common name, orthophosphoric acid, but more often called by its IUPAC name, simply phosphoric acid, by both non-technical people and even many chemists. It has also been called monophosphoric acid. The chemical formula of orthophosphoric acid is HPO and its chemical structure is shown in the illustration below. Two or more orthophosphoric acid molecules can be joined by condensation into larger molecules by elimination of water. This way, a series of polyphosphoric acids can be obtained. Orthophosphoric acid has three hydrogen atoms bonded to oxygen atoms in its structure. All three hydrogens are acidic to varying degrees and can