Pangaea and along the adjacent margins of east Africa, Antarctica and Madagascar, new rifts were forming that would lead to the formation of the southwestern Indian Ocean that would open up in the Cretaceous. The second major phase in the break-up of Pangaea began in the Early Cretaceous (150–140 Ma), when the minor supercontinent of Gondwana separated into multiple continents (Africa, South America, India, Antarctica, and Australia). The subduction at Tethyan Trench probably caused Africa, India and Australia to move northward, causing the opening of a "South Indian Ocean". In the Early Cretaceous, Atlantica, today's South America and Africa, finally separated
Gondwana Choirs Australian composers. Gondwana Choirs Gondwana Choirs is an Australian national children's choir organisation. It was founded in 1989 as Sydney Children’s Choir by Lyn Williams OAM, who is its artistic director, and is located in Millers Point, New South Wales. Gondwana Choirs has three divisions, Sydney Children's Choir, Gondwana National Choirs and Gondwana Indigenous Children's Choir, and includes several different choirs: Gondwana Choirs auditions nationally and meets in January for a two-week camp of intensive rehearsal. Choirs then typically undertake one or more tours during the year. Gondwana Choirs also runs a Composer School and a Conducting Internship, and commissions