Irvine Welsh Acid House", where the minds of a baby and a drug user swap bodies, or "The Granton Star Cause", where God transforms a man into a fly as punishment for wasting his life. Welsh adapted three of the stories for a later film of the same name, in which he also appeared. Welsh's third book (and second novel), "Marabou Stork Nightmares", alternates between a grim tale of thugs and schemes in sub-working class Scotland and a hallucinatory adventure tale set in South Africa. Gradually, common themes emerge. His next book, "" (1996), became his most high-profile work since "Trainspotting", released
Rational addiction taken seriously as possibly true explanations and tools for welfare analysis despite being poorly interpreted, empirically unfalsifiable, and based on wildly inaccurate assumptions selectively justified by "ad hoc" stories." Research attempting to apply the rational addiction model to surveys of drug users have found the model inadequate to explain drug-taking behavior. Rational addiction Rational addiction is the hypothesis that addictions can be usefully modeled as specific kinds of rational, forward-looking, optimal consumption plans. The canonical theory comes from work done by Kevin M. Murphy and Gary S. Becker. A theory of addictions in the broad sense—for example, to heroin, tobacco,