City, University of London links with businesses in the City of London. City has also joined forces with other universities such as Queen Mary and the Institute of Education (both part of the University of London) with which it jointly delivers several leading degree programmes. London Centre for Arts and Cultural Exchange is a consortium of nine universities. It was established in 2004 to foster collaboration and to promote and support the exchange of knowledge between the consortium's partners and London's arts and cultural sectors. The nine institutions involved are: University of the Arts London; Birkbeck, University of London; City, University of London; The
London Guildhall University the Sir John Cass College of Arts and Science to form the City of London Polytechnic, which remained under the control of the Inner London Education Authority (part of the Greater London Council) until the passing of the Education Reform Act 1988. The London College of Furniture was incorporated into the polytechnic in 1990. Under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 the polytechnic was awarded university status, previously having awarded the degrees of the former Council for National Academic Awards. London Guildhall University was named to show its links with the City of London and the City's many guilds/livery