Cicuta may be confused with a number of other edible and poisonous plants. The common name hemlock may also be confused with poison hemlock ("Conium maculatum"), or with the Hemlock tree. Water hemlock is considered one of North America's most toxic plants, being highly poisonous to humans. Three members of the genus contain a toxin named cicutoxin which causes central nervous system stimulatory effects including seizures following ingestion. Medical treatment of poisoning may include the use of activated charcoal to decrease gastrointestinal absorption of the toxic principle along with supportive care including anticonvulsant drugs such as a benzodiazepine. High doses of
Hystrix (plant) Other species placed in "Hystrix" have genomes more closely resembling those of "Leymus" species, and are better placed in that genus. Currently accepted transfers include: Hystrix (plant) Hystrix was a formerly recognized genus of grass (family Poaceae). The genus "Hystrix" was created in 1794 by Conrad Moench for the species described as "Elymus hystrix" by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. Moench considered that "E. hystrix" was sufficiently distinct to be placed in a separate genus as "Hystrix patula"; the genus was to be used for species without glumes or with long setaceous glumes. Subsequently a number of other grass species were