Geocentric model explanation in terms of the Earth's revolution about the sun. In 1838, astronomer Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel measured the parallax of the star 61 Cygni successfully, and disproved Ptolemy's claim that parallax motion did not exist. This finally confirmed the assumptions made by Copernicus, providing accurate, dependable scientific observations, and conclusively displaying how distant stars are from Earth. A geocentric frame is useful for many everyday activities and most laboratory experiments, but is a less appropriate choice for solar system mechanics and space travel. While a heliocentric frame is most useful in those cases, galactic and extragalactic astronomy is easier if
Rule of the shorter term rule of the shorter term is such a discrimination, as it results in granting domestic authors longer copyright terms for their works than foreign authors from other EU countries. This issue was settled decisively in 1993 ("i.e.", two years before directive 93/98/EC became effective) by the European Court of Justice (ECJ) in what became known as the "Phil Collins" decision. In that case, Phil Collins sued a German phonogram distributor who was marketing records of a concert Collins had given in the U.S. German law of that time granted German performers full neighbouring rights, and in particular the right to