Sacrum bodies are seen to be united at their circumferences by bone, wide intervals being left centrally, which, in the fresh state, are filled by the intervertebral discs. The dorsal surface of the sacrum is convex and narrower than the pelvic surface. In the middle line is the median sacral crest, surmounted by three or four tubercles—the rudimentary spinous processes of the upper three or four sacral vertebrae. On either side of the median sacral crest is a shallow sacral groove, which gives origin to the multifidus muscle. The floor of the groove is formed by the united laminae of the
Sacrum the direction of rotation of the superior portion of the sacrum opposite the side of the superior axis pole, and the last letter pertains to the pole. English "sacrum" was introduced as a technical term in anatomy in the mid-18th century, as a shortening of the Late Latin name "os sacrum" "sacred bone", itself a translation of Greek ἱερόν ὀστέον, the term found in the writings of Galen. Prior to the adoption of "sacrum", the bone was also called "holy bone" in English, paralleling German "heiliges Bein" or "Heiligenbein" (alongside "Kreuzbein") and Dutch "heiligbeen". The origin of Galen's term is