Alkaloid ("Agonopterix alstroemeriana)." This moth feeds on its highly toxic and alkaloid-rich host plant poison hemlock ("Conium maculatum") during its larval stage. "A. asltroemeriana" may benefit twofold from the toxicity of the naturally-occurring alkaloids, both through the unpalatability of the species to predators and through the ability of "A. alstroemeriana" to recognize "Conium maculatum" as the correct location for oviposition. Medical use of alkaloid-containing plants has a long history, and, thus, when the first alkaloids were isolated in the 19th century, they immediately found application in clinical practice. Many alkaloids are still used in medicine, usually in the form of salts,
Sky-blue poison frog Sky-blue poison frog The sky-blue poison frog ("Hyloxalus azureiventris") is a species of poison dart frog. It is endemic to Peru and known from the lower eastern versant of the Andes in the upper Amazon basin of the San Martín Region. The species has been placed in numerous genera, including the new genus "Cryptophyllobates" erected for it. However, it is now placed in "Hyloxalus"; although "Hyloxalus azureiventris" represents a distinct clade within "Hyloxalus", recognizing it formally would render the rest of "Hyloxalus" paraphyletic. Its main distinguishing feature is dorsolateral stripes that run down the back and end on the posterior.