Mydriasis eye, and also to reduce painful ciliary muscle spasm (see cycloplegia). One effect of administration of a mydriatic is intolerance to bright light (photophobia). Purposefully-induced mydriasis via mydriatics is also used as a diagnostic test for Horner's syndrome. Mydriasis can be induced via modulation of adrenergic or cholinergic signalling. Within the adrenergic system, norepinephrine is a hormone and neurotransmitter responsible for regulating physiological processes in the body, including the involuntary muscles of the autonomic nervous system (such as the dilation or constriction of the pupil aperture via the muscles of the iris). Modulation of norepinephrine signalling can induce mydriasis. For
Net-widening effect those institutions did not exist. Or diversion programs may simply cause an overall increase in the numbers of young people having contact (formal or informal) with the criminal justice system, even if they do not end up in prison. Net-widening effect A net-widening effect is when administrative or practical changes result in a greater number of individuals being controlled by the criminal justice system. Many policies and practices makes it easier for the government to expand the scope of its ability to catch and punish those who have committed crimes or are deemed to be at high risk of committing