Toe thus from PIE root "deik" — "to show". In classical Latin "hallex", "allex", "hallus" and "allus", with genitive "(h)allicis" and "(h)alli", are used to refer to the big toe. The form "hallux" (genitive, "hallucis") currently in use is however a blend word of the aforementioned forms. Compare pollex, the equivalent term for the thumb. In birds with anisodactyl or heterodactyl feet, the hallux is opposed or directed backwards and allows for grasping and perching. While the thumb is often mentioned as one of the signature characteristics in humans, this manual digit remains partially primitive and is actually present in all
Names for the human species "Homo", e.g. "Homo paniscus", "Homo sylvestris", or "Homo arboreus". An alternative philosophy suggests that the term "Homo sapiens" is the misnomer and that humans should be reclassified as "Pan sapiens". In either case, a name change of the genus would have implications on the taxonomy of extinct species closely related to humans, including "Australopithecus". A taxonomic name given to the species of the last common ancestors of humans and chimpanzees is "Pan prior". The following names mimick binomial nomenclature, mostly consisting of "Homo" followed by a Latin adjective characterizing human nature. Most of them were coined since the mid 20th