Presidency of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and became president after his death. The transition from Néstor Kirchner to Cristina Kirchner was also the first time when a democratic head of state was replaced by his spouse, without involving the death of any of them. Néstor Kirchner stayed active in politics despite not being the president, and worked alongside Cristina Kirchner. The press developed the term ""presidential marriage"" to make reference to both of them at once. Some political analysts compared this type of government with a diarchy. During the first days of Fernández's presidency, Argentina's relations with the United States deteriorated as a result of allegations
Repsol and commercialization, which remained exclusive to CAMPSA. In 1948, REPESA (Refinería de Petróleos de Escombreras S.A.) was incorporated for the installation of a refinery in the Valley of Escombreras (Cartagena). 'REPESA became the symbol of the increasing industrial consolidation in the refining sector, as it took on the production and marketing of petrol, oils and lubricants under its own brand name.' From the beginning, REPSOL was REPESA’s "star brand" of petroleum as a REPESA product brand. In 1999 Repsol bought 97.81% of the Argentine oil and gas company YPF S.A., which at the time was the largest oil-and-gas company in