Alkaloid ("Agonopterix alstroemeriana)." This moth feeds on its highly toxic and alkaloid-rich host plant poison hemlock ("Conium maculatum") during its larval stage. "A. asltroemeriana" may benefit twofold from the toxicity of the naturally-occurring alkaloids, both through the unpalatability of the species to predators and through the ability of "A. alstroemeriana" to recognize "Conium maculatum" as the correct location for oviposition. Medical use of alkaloid-containing plants has a long history, and, thus, when the first alkaloids were isolated in the 19th century, they immediately found application in clinical practice. Many alkaloids are still used in medicine, usually in the form of salts,
Nasturtium (genus) the Latin "nasus tortus", meaning "twisted nose", in reference to the effect on the nasal passages of eating the plants. "Nasturtium" foliage is used as food by the caterpillars of certain Lepidoptera, including "Orthonama obstipata" (The Gem). One species, "Nasturtium gambellii", is a federally listed endangered species in the United States. The genus "Nasturtium" should not be confused with the flowering garden annual commonly known as nasturtium ("Tropaeolum majus"). Though not related, the leaves of the garden nasturtium also have a peppery taste. One database names 316 species. Nasturtium (genus) Nasturtium () is a genus of seven plant species in