Portuguese language in Africa the various Portuguese creoles that have developed there. These creole languages co-exist with Portuguese and, in the countries where they are spoken, form a continuum with the lexifying language. In Cape Verde, refers to a variety of Cape Verdean Creole which takes on various features of Portuguese and is a result of processes of decreolization in the archipelago. In São Tome e Principe, Santomense Portuguese is a variety of Portuguese strongly influenced by Forro in syntax and vocabulary. Since the lexicons of those languages are derived from Portuguese, even creole-speakers who do not speak Portuguese have a passive knowledge of
Glossary of Japanese words of Portuguese origin "arigatai", for which written records exist dating back to the "Man'yōshū" compiled circa 759 AD, well before Japanese contact with Portugal. The full derivation is "arigatō", the “u” sound change of "arigataku" < "arigataku", the attributive form of arigatai, < "arigatai" < "arigatashi" < "ari" + "katashi". "Ari" is a verb meaning "to be" and "katashi" is an adjective meaning "difficult". The original meaning of "arigatashi" was "difficult to be", i.e. that the listener's generosity or behavior is "rare" and thus "special". Glossary of Japanese words of Portuguese origin Many Japanese words of Portuguese origin entered the Japanese language when