Rooftop photovoltaic power station Rooftop photovoltaic power station A rooftop photovoltaic power station, or rooftop PV system, is a photovoltaic system that has its electricity-generating solar panels mounted on the rooftop of a residential or commercial building or structure. The various components of such a system include photovoltaic modules, mounting systems, cables, solar inverters and other electrical accessories. Rooftop mounted systems are small compared to ground-mounted photovoltaic power stations with capacities in the megawatt range. Rooftop PV systems on residential buildings typically feature a capacity of about 5 to 20 kilowatts (kW), while those mounted on commercial buildings often reach 100 kilowatts or more.
Radical of a module dual analogues for soc("M"). Radical of a module In mathematics, in the theory of modules, the radical of a module is a component in the theory of structure and classification. It is a generalization of the Jacobson radical for rings. In many ways, it is the dual notion to that of the socle soc("M") of "M". Let "R" be a ring and "M" a left "R"-module. A submodule "N" of "M" is called maximal or cosimple if the quotient "M"/"N" is a simple module. The radical of the module "M" is the intersection of all maximal submodules of "M", Equivalently,