Binary number numerals. For example, the binary numeral 100 is pronounced "one zero zero", rather than "one hundred", to make its binary nature explicit, and for purposes of correctness. Since the binary numeral 100 represents the value four, it would be confusing to refer to the numeral as "one hundred" (a word that represents a completely different value, or amount). Alternatively, the binary numeral 100 can be read out as "four" (the correct "value"), but this does not make its binary nature explicit. Counting in binary is similar to counting in any other number system. Beginning with a single digit, counting proceeds
Binary logarithm and ISO 80000-2), and (with a prior statement that the default base is 2) . Historically, the first application of binary logarithms was in music theory, by Leonhard Euler: the binary logarithm of a frequency ratio of two musical tones gives the number of octaves by which the tones differ. Binary logarithms can be used to calculate the length of the representation of a number in the binary numeral system, or the number of bits needed to encode a message in information theory. In computer science, they count the number of steps needed for binary search and related algorithms. Other