Berliner Gramophone formulations remained the standard disc record material until the first vinyl records – initially made only for radio use and other special applications – were introduced in the 1930s. Beginning in 1896, Berliner's gramophones were made by Philadelphia-based machinist Eldridge Johnson, who added a spring motor to drive the previously hand-rotated turntable. Berliner also opened an office in New York City, staffed by Frank Seaman and O. D. LaDow and organized as the National Gramophone Company. Master recordings were made onto zinc plates, which were then electroplated and a negative-image "mother" made from them to stamp discs. A major reversal
That's What Little Girls Are Made Of That's What Little Girls Are Made Of "That's What Little Girls Are Made Of" is the debut mainstream single from Raven-Symoné featuring rapper Missy Elliott (credited as her full name "Melissa Elliott"), taken from her debut studio album, "Here's to New Dreams". This is Symoné's highest chart appearance to date. The song was written and produced by Missy Elliott, who performs a verse of scat singing and Jamaican-style toasting, but the music video featured a thinner light-skinned actress lip-syncing her part. On "Behind the Music" Elliott reveals that she was not informed of the video shoot and later told she