Post-nasal drip Post-nasal drip Post-nasal drip (PND, also termed upper airway cough syndrome, UACS, or post nasal drip syndrome, PNDS) occurs when excessive mucus is produced by the nasal mucosa. The excess mucus accumulates in the back of the nose and eventually the throat once it drips down the back of the throat. It is caused by rhinitis, sinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or by a disorder of swallowing (such as an esophageal motility disorder). But also further sources such as an allergy, cold or flu and as a result of medications. However, researchers argue that the flow of mucus down the
Equine nasal cysts benign, the prognosis for a complete recovery is extremely good, and the rate of any recurrence is minimal. Some horses may have a mild mucous discharge after surgery, which can be permanent, but this does not generally seem to cause problems. However, if the cyst does transpire to be malignant, the prognosis becomes worse, with roughly 70% survival, as opposed to a norm of more than 95% with benign cysts. Ethmoid hematoma Equine nasal cysts Equine nasal cysts are epithelium lined, single or loculated cavities filled with fluid or pus. They normally form in the ventral concha, maxillary sinuses, and