The Purple Heart of wartime propaganda that had a stereotypical portrayal of the Japanese (usually by actors of non-Japanese origin) as sadistic tyrants trying to wrest the secret of their aircraft carrier's location during torture sessions. The 16 air crews did arrive over Japan from the USS Hornet (CV-8). President Franklin D. Roosevelt said the crews came from Shangri-La, a fictional place described in the 1933 novel "Lost Horizon" by British author James Hilton. The USS Shangri-La (CV-38) was commissioned in 1944. "The Purple Heart" was based on the real-life story of eight Doolittle Raiders who were captured from two different crews: Lieutenants
Paradise (novel) Paradise (novel) Paradise is a 1997 novel by Toni Morrison, and her first novel since winning the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1993. According to the author, it completes a "trilogy" that begins with "Beloved" (1987) and includes "Jazz" (1992). The book was chosen as an Oprah's Book Club selection for January 1998. Morrison wanted to call the novel War but was overridden by her editor. The book is structured into nine sections. The first is named "Ruby" after the town on which the book centers. The rest are named for women implicated variously in the life of the town