Ectomyelois ceratoniae dulcis", "Macadamia integrifolia", "Acacia farnesiana", "Caesalpinia sappan", "Cassia bicapsularis", "Ricinus", "Erythrina monosperma", "Haematoxylum campechianum", "Prosopis juliflora", "Samanea saman", "Phoenix dactylifera", and "Ceratonia siliqua". It is a considerable agricultural pest, recognized as the most economically damaging pest of the date industry in California. In many regions around the world, it also damages many other high-value nut and fruit commodities such as almonds, pistachios, macadamias, pomegranates, and stone and pome fruits. Pheromone mimic lures are commercially available. In 2007, the California date "Phoenix dactylifera" industry produced 17,700 tons of dates on 5,900 acres, with a gross value of about $31.86 million. During
Fruit tree pruning and prune laterals not required to extend the framework to four buds. The tree is established, and should be pruned annually as described in the following section. Before pruning, distinguish between spur-bearing varieties, tip-bearing varieties, and an intermediate between the two that bears both on spurs and at the tips. Spur-bearing trees occur more frequently than tip-bearing trees, and they bear most of their fruit yearly at the end of short lateral pieces of wood (spurs) up to about 4 inches long. Spur-bearing types include apples of the varieties 'Cox's Orange Pippin', 'James Grieve' and 'Sunset', and pears such as