Castilian Kingdom of Toledo Castilian Kingdom of Toledo The Kingdom of Toledo (Spanish: "Reino de Toledo") was a realm in the central Iberian Peninsula, created after Alfonso VI of León's capture of Toledo in 1085. It continued in existence until 1833; its region currently is within Spain. In April 1065 Emir Al-Muqtadir of Zaragoza besieged Barbastro, aided by 500 Sevillian knights. The governor, Count Ermengol III of Urgel, was killed in a sortie, and a few days later the city fell, whereupon the Spanish and French garrison was put to the sword, thus bringing an end to Pope Alexander II's crusade against the Moors
Toledo School of Translators Aristotle". Herman also wrote his own philosophical commentary and summary of the Nicomachean Ethics During the decades following Archbishop Raimundo's death, the translating activity in Toledo decreased considerably, although it continued into the next century, and overlapped with Alfonso's School of Translators. At least one translator, Hermannus Alemannus, is known to have worked in both schools; he translated the "Old Testament" during the second period. This transitional period was when the first direct translations were made from Arabic into the vernacular Castilian. Mark of Toledo, a Spanish physician and Canon of Toledo, translated the Qur'an and various medical works such