What Is the Third Estate? he asserts, it should replace the other two estates entirely. The Third Estate has to pay tax. Although the idea of the pluralistic state theory was crystallized by English political philosophers such as G. D. H. Cole, J. N. Figgis and H. J. Laski, it has its origins in French and Italian philosophers preceding the French revolution, especially in the pamphlet of Sieyès, where the theory plays a prominent role. Sieyè argued that state centralized sovereignty was flawed and should undergo radical transformation towards a decentralized and federated form of authority, which means the dealings of society would be organized
One-third hypothesis One-third hypothesis The one-third hypothesis (OTH) is a sociodynamic idea—advanced by Hugo O. Engelmann—that asserts that a group's prominence increases as it approaches one-third of the population and diminishes when it exceeds or falls below one-third of the population. As the one-third hypothesis was stated originally by Hugo O. Engelmann in a letter to the "American Sociologist" in 1967: "...we would expect that the most persistent subgroups in any group would be those which approximate one-third or, by similar reasoning, a multiple of [i.e., a power of] one-third of the total group. Being the most persistent, these groups also should