Pneumatic tool Pneumatic tool A pneumatic tool, air tool, air-powered tool or pneumatic-powered tool is a type of power tool, driven by compressed air, supplied by an air compressor. Pneumatic tools can also be driven by compressed carbon dioxide () stored in small cylinders allowing for portability. Most pneumatic tools convert the compressed air to work using a pneumatic motor. Compared to their electric power tool equivalents, they are safer to run and maintain, without risk of sparks, short-circuiting or electrocution, and have a higher power to weight ratio, allowing a smaller, lighter tool to accomplish the same task. Furthermore, they are
Potential energy of protein with two chemical bonds, the two bonds tend to form a fixed angle. Any variation from this fixed equilibrium angle contributes to protein potential energy. Total potential energy based on angle is defined as over set S the triplet of atoms that are connected by two chemical bonds; E = Σk(α-α) where: k is the force constant α is the equilibrium angle α is the bond angle The middle bond of three bonds formed by four atoms maintains a certain angle which is also known as torsion is defined over set S the quartet of atoms that are connected by