Thermal conductivity common use in the construction and textile industries. The construction industry makes use of units such as the R-value (resistance) and the U-value (transmittance). Although related to the thermal conductivity of a material used in an insulation product, R- and U-values are dependent on the thickness of the product. Likewise the textile industry has several units including the tog and the clo which express thermal resistance of a material in a way analogous to the R-values used in the construction industry. There are a number of ways to measure thermal conductivity. Each of these is suitable for a limited range
Quality of results accepted as a good quality of result – relative density of combinational logic component – while a relative density of fifty will indicate severe design problems (routability, technology that is being used, etc.) which should be investigated and addressed. "Note:" A new term "Quality of Silicon" (QoS) is being promoted by the EDA industry in an attempt to measure the performance of backend EDA tools, like Xilinx ISE from Xilinx, or tools from Synopsys or Cadence Design Systems in isolation from the human designer's own performance in the frontend design stage. It is claimed that for historical reasons QoR is,