Japan Photovoltaic Energy Association Japan Photovoltaic Energy Association Japan Photovoltaic Energy Association (JPEA) is the best-known body for solar photovoltaic energy companies in Japan. Founded on April 23, 1987, it has a number of objectives and activities, one of which is providing the JPEC certification for solar modules in the Japanese market. The association serves as a spokesperson for the photovoltaics energy industry in Japan. JPEA set a pathway for the photovoltaic industry in Japan to reach 100 GW by 2030, from roughly 30 GW in 2015. The group comprises multiple companies in the industry, and reported a 13% drop in total photovoltaic solar
Localization of a module ideals) then the localization is denoted "M" instead of ("R"\"p")"M". The support of the module "M" is the set of prime ideals "p" such that "M" ≠ 0. Viewing "M" as a function from the spectrum of "R" to "R"-modules, mapping this corresponds to the support of a function. Localization of a module at primes also reflects the "local properties" of the module. In particular, there are many cases where the more general situation can be reduced to a statement about localized modules. The reduction is because an "R"-module "M" is trivial if and only if all its localizations at