Cut, copy, and paste Apple mapped the functionalities to key combinations consisting of the Command key (a special modifier key) held down while typing the letters X (for cut), C (for copy), and V (for paste), choosing a handful of keyboard shortcuts to control basic editing operations. The keys involved all cluster together at the left end of the bottom row of the standard QWERTY keyboard, and each key is combined with a special modifier key to perform the desired operation: The IBM Common User Access (CUA) standard also uses combinations of the Insert, Del, Shift and Control keys. Early versions of Windows used
Dvorak Simplified Keyboard faster typing while also reducing repetitive strain injuries, although that claim is controversial. Although the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard (DSK) has failed to replace the standard QWERTY, most major modern operating systems (such as Windows, macOS, GNU/Linux, Android, Chrome OS, and BSD) allow a user to switch to the Dvorak layout. iOS does not provide a system-wide, touchscreen Dvorak keyboard, although third-party software is capable of adding the pattern to iOS, and the layout can be chosen for use with any hardware keyboard, regardless of printed layout. The Dvorak layout was designed to replace the QWERTY keyboard pattern (the "de facto"