Environmental impact of shipping engines can be higher on a port-specific basis. Ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) is a standard for defining diesel fuel with substantially lowered sulfur contents. As of 2006, almost all of the petroleum-based diesel fuel available in Europe and North America is of a ULSD type. In 2016 the IMO has made new sulfur regulations which must be implemented by larger ships by 2020. Of total global air emissions, shipping accounts for 18 to 30 percent of the nitrogen oxide and 9 percent of the sulphur oxides. Sulfur in the air creates acid rain which damages crops and buildings. When inhaled,
Metal sulfur dioxide complex frequencies from 1085–1050 cm and 1000–820 cm or lower. The pathway involving the "O", "O' "sulphinate can generally be ruled out if the original metal complex fulfilled the 18-electron rule because the two metal–oxygen bonds would exceed the 18 electron rule. The pathway by which SO inserts into a square planar alkyl complexes involves the formation of an adduct. Thereafter, the alkyl ligand migrates to the SO. Metal sulfur dioxide complex Metal sulfur dioxide complexes are complexes that contain sulfur dioxide, SO, bonded to a transition metal. Such compounds are common but are mainly of theoretical interest. Historically, the study