Alfred Pennyworth panel in Alfred's room opens, the result of a fail-safe planted by Bruce in the event of his death. Bruce leaves him one final task and also gives him an emotional goodbye, telling Alfred he considered him as a father. Alfred is left emotionally shattered, commenting more than once that, even if his biological fatherhood is a fabrication, in a deeper sense he actually was Bruce Wayne's father, having watched over him for years and feeling he failed him in the last moments. After the event of "Final Crisis", when Batman was apparently killed in action, Alfred finds himself with
Butler–Volmer equation the surface is equal to that in the bulk. There are two limiting cases of the Butler–Volmer equation: where formula_21 and formula_22 are constants (for a given reaction and temperature) and are called the Tafel equation constants. The theoretical values of the Tafel equation constants are different for the cathodic and anodic processes. However, the Tafel slope formula_22 can be defined as: where formula_25 is the faradaic current, expressed as formula_26, being formula_27 and formula_28 the cathodic and anodic partial currents, respectively. Butler–Volmer equation The Butler–Volmer equation (named after John Alfred Valentine Butler and Max Volmer), also known as Erdey-Grúz–Volmer