Haiku such as "kyo" () may look like two syllables to English speakers but are in fact a single "on" (as well as a single syllable) in Japanese. In 1973, the Haiku Society of America noted that the norm for writers of haiku in English was to use 17 syllables, but they also noted a trend toward shorter haiku. Shorter haiku are very much more common in 21st century English haiku writing. Some translators of Japanese poetry have noted that about 12 syllables in English approximate the duration of 17 Japanese "on". Also in translations four lines is more appropriate for
Haiku in English circular form (sometimes known as "cirku") whereby the poem has no fixed start or end point. In the "zip" form developed by John Carley, a haiku of 15 syllables is presented over two lines, each of which contains one internal caesura represented by a double space. A fixed-form 5-3-5 syllable (or 3-5-3 word) haiku is sometimes known as a "lune". The leading English-language haiku journals published in the U.S. include "Modern Haiku", "Frogpond" (published by the Haiku Society of America), "Mayfly" (founded by Randy and Shirley Brooks in 1986), "Acorn" (founded by A. C. Missias in 1998), "Bottle Rockets" (founded