Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors, also known as hybrid PV/T (PVT) or solar cogeneration systems, are power generation technologies that convert solar radiation into usable thermal and electrical energy. Such systems combine a solar cell, which converts sunlight into electricity, with a solar thermal collector, which captures the remaining energy and removes waste heat from the PV module. These technologies can be more energy efficient overall than solar photovoltaic (PV) or solar thermal alone. Significant research has gone into developing a diverse range of PV/T technologies since the 1970s.. While many collector types have been
Localization of a module primes or maximal ideals are trivial. By the very definitions, the localization of the module is tightly linked to the one of the ring via the tensor product This way of thinking about localising is often referred to as extension of scalars. The corresponding "S""R"-module structure is given by formula_6. As a tensor product, the localization satisfies the usual universal property. From the definition, one can see that localization of modules is an exact functor, or in other words (reading this in the tensor product) that "S""R" is a flat module over "R". This fact is foundational for the use