Chutzpah interpretation of Hamlet set against the backdrop of Kashmir in the midst of political conflict, the protagonist uses the word chutzpah which they pronounce as /'tʃʊtspə/ instead of /ˈhʊtspə/ or /ˈxʊtspə/ to describe India's way of treating the people of Kashmir since the beginning of the conflict. This pronunciation sounds more like Indian slang. The Polish word "hucpa" (pronounced [ˈxut͜spa]) is also derived from this term, although its meaning is closer to "insolence" or "arrogance", and so it is typically used in a more negative sense instead of denoting a positive description of someone's audacity. Similarly, the German form of
Yiddish dialects Lithuanian Yiddish was the basis of standard literary and academic Yiddish. About three-quarters of contemporary Yiddish speakers speak Southern Yiddish varieties, the majority speaking Polish Yiddish. Most Hasidic communities use southern dialects, with the exception of Chabad which uses "Litvish"; many Haredim in Jerusalem also preserve Litvish Yiddish. Jews in Udmurtia and Tatarstan (the Yiddish appellation is ""dos udmurtishe yidntum"") formed the local dialect until the 1930s and features of Yiddish of migrants "joined" into it (in the 1930s and 1940s); as a result up to the 1970s and 1980s the Udmurt dialect ("Udmurtish") was divided into two linguistic subgroups: