National identification number "Teudat Zehut"), bearing an Identity Number, is issued to all residents over 16 years old who have legal temporary or permanent residence status, including non-citizens. Japan's national identification number system, known within the country as "My Number" (Japanese: マイナンバー), went into effect from 2016. The number consists of 12 digits, and one is assigned to each resident of Japan, including non-Japanese long-term residents with valid residency permits. In Kazakhstan there is a 12-digit Individual Identification Number for natural persons (abbreviated in , "ZhSN"; in , "IIN", with first six digits representing person's date of birth in the YYMMDD format) and
Joint Academic Coding System letter can be used twice (if the two subjects are within the same general subject area), such as FF53 for Astronomy and Physics. Coding is done differently for courses such as "Mathematics with Physics", which is not the same as "Mathematics and Physics". The format for such courses is Y1Z9 where: For example, Mathematics with Physics would be represented by G1F3, but Physics with Mathematics would be represented by F3G1. Hence the order in which the two subjects are notated was important historically. Joint Academic Coding System The Joint Academic Coding System (JACS) system is used by the Higher Education