Blood donation and will screen for antibodies to less common antigens. More testing, including a crossmatch, is usually done before a transfusion. Type O negative is often cited as the "universal donor" but this only refers to red cell and whole blood transfusions. For plasma and platelet transfusions the system is reversed: AB positive is the universal platelet donor type while both AB positive and AB negative are universal plasma donor types. Most blood is tested for diseases, including some STDs. The tests used are high-sensitivity screening tests and no actual diagnosis is made. Some of the test results are later found
Jehovah's Witnesses and blood transfusions their comments into English reads: According to sociologist Richard Singelenbreg, the statement appearing in the Dutch edition of "Consolation" may have been published without knowledge of the doctrinal position published in the English July 1945 issue of "Consolation" by the Watch Tower Society's headquarters in the United States. In 1945, the application of the doctrine on blood was expanded to prohibit blood transfusions of whole blood, whether allogeneic or autologous. The prohibition did not specify any punitive measures for accepting a transfusion, but by January 1961—in what was later described as an application of "increased strictness"—it was ruled that it