Blood type (non-human) blood. Two categories of blood groups, human-type and simian-type, have been found in apes and monkeys, and can be tested by methods established for grouping human blood. The rhesus system is named after the rhesus monkey, following experiments by Karl Landsteiner and Alexander S. Wiener, which showed that rabbits, when immunised with rhesus monkey red cells, produce an antibody that also agglutinates the red blood cells of many humans. Data on blood groups of chimpanzees, baboons, and macaques. Two complex chimpanzee blood group systems, V-A-B-D and R-C-E-F systems, proved to be counterparts of the human MNS and Rh-Hr blood group
Jehovah's Witnesses and blood transfusions who are Jehovah's Witness would not administer blood transfusions to fellow dedicated members. As to administering transfusions to non-members, "The Watchtower" stated that such a decision is "left to the Christian doctor's own conscience." In 1982, a "Watchtower" article declared that it would be wrong for a Witness to allow a leech to feed on his/her blood as part of a medical procedure, due to the sacredness of blood. In 1989 "The Watchtower" stated, "Each individual must decide" whether to accept hemodilution and autologous blood salvage (cell saver) procedures. In 1990, a brochure entitled "How Can Blood Save Your Life?"