Eye color for a plausible argument stating that some eyes can or do change, based on chemical reactions and hormonal changes within the body. Studies on Caucasian twins, both fraternal and identical, have shown that eye color over time can be subject to change, and major demelanization of the iris may also be genetically determined. Most eye-color changes have been observed or reported in the Caucasian population with hazel and amber eyes. Carleton Coon created a chart by the original Martin scale. The numbering is reversed on the scale below in the (later) Martin–Schultz scale, which is (still) used in physical anthropology.
Forel-Ule scale sea and lake water colors, as they appear to an observer ashore or on board a vessel. The method is used in conjunction with the Secchi disk submersed to half the Secchi depth. The method was developed by François-Alphonse Forel and was three years later extended with greenish brown to cola brown colors by the German limnologist Willi Ule. The Forel Ule scale, a color comparator scale, has been described by Wernand and van der Woerd (M. R. Wernand, H. J. van der Woerd, "Spectral analysis of the Forel-Ule Ocean colour comparator scale.", J. Europ. Opt. Soc. Rap. Public. 10014s