Binary number to the three-bit and six-bit binary numerals, were in use at least as early as the Zhou Dynasty of ancient China. The Song Dynasty scholar Shao Yong (1011–1077) rearranged the hexagrams in a format that resembles modern binary numbers, although he did not intend his arrangement to be used mathematically. Viewing the least significant bit on top of single hexagrams in Shao Yong's square and reading along rows either from bottom right to top left with solid lines as 0 and broken lines as 1 or from top left to bottom right with solid lines as 1 and broken lines
Redundant binary representation time proportional to log("n") (where "n" is the number of digit) compared to a constant-time in two's complement. It is, however, possible to "partially" convert only the least-significant portion of a redundantly represented number to non-redundant form. This allows operations such as masking off the low "k" bits can be done in log("k") time. Redundant binary representation A redundant binary representation (RBR) is a numeral system that uses more bits than needed to represent a single binary digit so that most numbers have several representations. An RBR is unlike usual binary numeral systems, including two's complement, which use a single