British African-Caribbean people the wartime bombing, and the shortage led to some of the first clashes with the established white community. Clashes continued and worsened into the 1950s, and riots erupted in cities including London, Birmingham and Nottingham. In 1958, attacks in the London area of Notting Hill by white youths marred relations with West Indian residents, and the following year as a positive response by the Caribbean community an indoor carnival event organised by "West Indian Gazette" editor Claudia Jones took place in St Pancras Town Hall, and would be a precursor to what became the annual Notting Hill Carnival. Some of
Afro-American Cultural Center at Yale community and the administration. The name of the center was changed from Afro-America to its present name, the Afro-American Cultural Center, in 1974 and in the same year Khalid Lum was appointed by the Yale College administration to serve as the center’s first full-time director. In 1981, "211 Park St.: Newsletter of the Afro-American Cultural Center at Yale" was established as a quarterly publication superseding "Liberator". In 2004, Director Pamela George and a group of alumni led a massive fundraising effort to pay for renovations and to establish the Ogilvie, Robinson, and DeChabert Leadership Forum. The ORD endowment was created