Annealing (metallurgy) brass can be cooled slowly in air, or quickly by quenching in water, unlike ferrous metals, such as steel, which must be cooled slowly to anneal. In this fashion, the metal is softened and prepared for further work—such as shaping, stamping, or forming. Annealing occurs by the diffusion of atoms within a solid material, so that the material progresses towards its equilibrium state. Heat increases the rate of diffusion by providing the energy needed to break bonds. The movement of atoms has the effect of redistributing and eradicating the dislocations in metals and (to a lesser extent) in ceramics. This
DFM Guidelines for Hot Metal Extrusion Process DFM Guidelines for Hot Metal Extrusion Process Extrusion is a metal forming process to form parts with constant cross-section along its length. This process uses a metal billet or ingot which is inserted in a chamber. One side of this contains a die to produce the desired cross section and the other side a hydraulic ram is present to push the metal billet or ingot. Metal flows around the profile of the die and after solidification takes the desired shape. Extrusion process can be done with the material hot or cold, but most of the metals are heated before the