Toledo steel Struggle to Keep Age-Old Tradition Alive.” NU Journalism AbroadSpain 2015, 19 June 2015 ,nujournalism2015.wordpress.com/2015/06/18/the-toledo-sword-last-remaining-craftsmen-struggle-to-keep-age-old-tradition-alive/. 5.<nowiki>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235886833_A_Metallographic_Examination_of_a_Toledo_Steel_Sword</nowiki> Toledo steel Toledo steel, known historically as unusually hard, is from Toledo, Spain, which has been a traditional sword-making, steel-working center since about 500 BCE, and came to the attention of Rome when used by Hannibal in the Punic Wars. Soon, it became a standard source of weaponry for Roman legions. Toledo steel was famed for its high quality alloy, whereas Damascus steel, a competitor from the Middle Ages onward, was famed for a specific metal-working technique. History The origin of Toledo steel comes from
History of Toledo, Spain Julian. "In intellectual terms the leading Spanish churchmen of the seventh century had no equals before the appearance of Bede." In 693, the Sixteenth Council of Toledo condemned Sisebert, Julian's successor as bishop of Toledo, for having rebelled against King Egica in alliance with Liuvigoto, the widow of king Ervig. A rebel king called Suniefred seized power in Toledo briefly at about this time. Whether or not Sisebert's and Suniefred's rebellions were the same or separate is unknown. Suniefred is known only from having minted coins in Toledo during what should have been Egica's reign. The Seventeenth Council of Toledo