Berliner Gramophone formulations remained the standard disc record material until the first vinyl records – initially made only for radio use and other special applications – were introduced in the 1930s. Beginning in 1896, Berliner's gramophones were made by Philadelphia-based machinist Eldridge Johnson, who added a spring motor to drive the previously hand-rotated turntable. Berliner also opened an office in New York City, staffed by Frank Seaman and O. D. LaDow and organized as the National Gramophone Company. Master recordings were made onto zinc plates, which were then electroplated and a negative-image "mother" made from them to stamp discs. A major reversal
Living in the Material World century, Harrison's "Living in the Material World" was "neglected over the years", author Bruce Spizer wrote in 2005, an "unfortunate" situation considering the quality of its songs. On 25 September 2006, EMI reissued the album in the UK, on CD and in a deluxe CD/DVD package, with Capitol Records' US release following the next day.<ref name="Menze/BB">Jill Menze, "Billboard Bits: George Harrison, Family Values, Antony", billboard.com, 21 June 2006 (retrieved 26 November 2014).</ref> The remastered "Material World" featured two additional tracks, neither of which had previously been available on an album: "Deep Blue" and "Miss O'Dell", popular B-sides, respectively, to the