Neologism include "laser" (1960) from Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, "robotics" (1941), "agitprop" (1930). The term "neologism" is first attested in English in 1772, borrowed from French "néologisme" (1734). A proponent of a new word or doctrine may be called a neologist. Neologists might study cultural and ethnic vernacular. The term "neologism" has a broader meaning that includes not only "an entirely new lexical item" but also an existing word whose meaning has been altered. Sometimes, the latter process is called "semantic shifting", or "semantic extension". Neologisms are distinct from a person's "idiolect", one's unique patterns of vocabulary, grammar,
Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation is possible. In a two level system, the particles have only two available energy levels, separated by some energy difference: "ΔΕ = E - E = hv" where "ν" is the frequency of the associated electromagnetic wave of the photon emitted and "h" is the Planck constant. Also note: "E" > "E". These two levels are the excited (upper) and ground (lower) states. When a particle in the upper state interacts with a photon matching the energy separation of the levels, the particle may decay, emitting another photon with the same phase and frequency as the incident photon. Therefore, by