Logarithmic number system Logarithmic number system A logarithmic number system (LNS) is an arithmetic system used for representing real numbers in computer and digital hardware, especially for digital signal processing. In an LNS, a number, formula_1, is represented by the logarithm, formula_2, of its absolute value as follows: where formula_4 is a bit denoting the sign of formula_1 (formula_6 if formula_7 and formula_8 if formula_9). The number formula_2 is represented by a binary word which usually is in the two's complement format. An LNS can be considered as a floating-point number with the significand being always equal to 1 and a non-integer exponent.
Compound File Binary Format Binary Format is a container, with little restriction on what can be stored within it. A CFBF file structure loosely resembles a FAT filesystem. The file is partitioned into "Sectors" which are chained together with a "File Allocation Table" (not to be mistaken with the file system of the same name) which contains chains of sectors related to each file, a "Directory" holds information for contained files with a Sector ID (SID) for the starting sector of a chain and so on. The CFBF file consists of a 512-Byte header record followed by a number of sectors whose size is