Infinity symbol in bookbinding to indicate that a book is printed on acid-free paper and will therefore be long-lasting. In modern mysticism, the infinity symbol has become identified with a variation of the ouroboros, an ancient image of a snake eating its own tail that has also come to symbolize the infinite, and the ouroboros is sometimes drawn in figure-eight form to reflect this identification, rather than in its more traditional circular form. In the works of Vladimir Nabokov, including "The Gift" and "Pale Fire", the figure-eight shape is used symbolically to refer to the Möbius strip and the infinite, for instance
Prime (symbol) sequences (e.g., "L" means "turn the left face 90 degrees clockwise", whereas "L′" means "turn the left face 90 degrees counter-clockwise"). The prime symbol is used in combination with lower case letters in the Helmholtz pitch notation system to distinguish notes in different octaves from middle C upwards. Thus c represents the C below middle C, c′ represents middle C, c″ represents the C in the octave above middle C, and c‴ the C in the octave two octaves above middle C. A combination of upper case letters and sub-prime symbols is used to represent notes in lower octaves. Thus