Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors, also known as hybrid PV/T (PVT) or solar cogeneration systems, are power generation technologies that convert solar radiation into usable thermal and electrical energy. Such systems combine a solar cell, which converts sunlight into electricity, with a solar thermal collector, which captures the remaining energy and removes waste heat from the PV module. These technologies can be more energy efficient overall than solar photovoltaic (PV) or solar thermal alone. Significant research has gone into developing a diverse range of PV/T technologies since the 1970s.. While many collector types have been
Generating set of a module ideal "m" and residue field "k" and "M" finitely generated module. Then Nakayama's lemma says that "M" has a minimal generating set whose cardinality is formula_3. If "M" is flat, then this minimal generating set is linearly independent (so "M" is free). See also: minimal resolution. A more refined information is obtained if one considers the relations between the generators; cf. free presentation of a module. Generating set of a module In algebra, a generating set "G" of a module "M" over a ring "R" is a subset of "M" such that the smallest submodule of "M" containing "G" is