Photovoltaic mounting system Photovoltaic mounting system Photovoltaic mounting systems (also called solar module racking) are used to fix solar panels on surfaces like roofs, building facades, or the ground. These mounting systems generally enable retrofitting of solar panels on roofs or as part of the structure of the building (called BIPV). The solar array of a PV system can be mounted on rooftops, generally with a few inches gap and parallel to the surface of the roof. If the rooftop is horizontal, the array is mounted with each panel aligned at an angle. If the panels are planned to be mounted before the
Localization of a module ideals) then the localization is denoted "M" instead of ("R"\"p")"M". The support of the module "M" is the set of prime ideals "p" such that "M" ≠ 0. Viewing "M" as a function from the spectrum of "R" to "R"-modules, mapping this corresponds to the support of a function. Localization of a module at primes also reflects the "local properties" of the module. In particular, there are many cases where the more general situation can be reduced to a statement about localized modules. The reduction is because an "R"-module "M" is trivial if and only if all its localizations at