Arthroscopy joint by a portal on the outer border of the patella. It is not clear if these examinations were of deceased or of living patients. Pioneering work began as early as the 1920s with the work of Eugen Bircher. He published several papers in the 1920s about his use of arthroscopy of the knee for diagnostic purposes. After diagnosing torn tissue, he used open surgery to remove or repair the damaged tissue. Initially, he used an electric Jacobaeus thoracolaparoscope for his diagnostic procedures, which produced a dim view of the joint. Later, he developed a double-contrast approach to improve visibility.
ISAKOS - International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine the founding in 1995, the international conferences of ISAKOS have been held in almost all the world's continents. The first president of ISAKOS was Dr. Peter J. Fowler of Canada, in the years 1995 to 1997. For the 2015-2017 term, the society is chaired by Dr. Philippe Neyret of France. ISAKOS is a society with individuals interested in the fields of medicine and science and who have demonstrated an interest in knee surgery, arthroscopy and orthopaedic sports medicine. All members are membership of ISAKOS partner societies – Arthroscopy Association of North America (AANA), American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM),