British African-Caribbean people the wartime bombing, and the shortage led to some of the first clashes with the established white community. Clashes continued and worsened into the 1950s, and riots erupted in cities including London, Birmingham and Nottingham. In 1958, attacks in the London area of Notting Hill by white youths marred relations with West Indian residents, and the following year as a positive response by the Caribbean community an indoor carnival event organised by "West Indian Gazette" editor Claudia Jones took place in St Pancras Town Hall, and would be a precursor to what became the annual Notting Hill Carnival. Some of
Culture of the Caribbean English settlers and the Spanish settlers. Indigenous people played a critical part in the development of European colonies in Caribbean, from their role in assisting exploration, the sugar trade and inter-European power struggles to the creation of the Afro-Caribbean people. Through their art and culture, Indigenous and African descendants continue to exert influence on the Caribbean identity. With the gradual loosening of political and cultural ties to the United Kingdom, in the 20th century immigrants from European, African, Caribbean and Asian nationalities have shaped Caribbean identity, a process that continues today with the arrival of significant numbers of immigrants from