Berliner Gramophone formulations remained the standard disc record material until the first vinyl records – initially made only for radio use and other special applications – were introduced in the 1930s. Beginning in 1896, Berliner's gramophones were made by Philadelphia-based machinist Eldridge Johnson, who added a spring motor to drive the previously hand-rotated turntable. Berliner also opened an office in New York City, staffed by Frank Seaman and O. D. LaDow and organized as the National Gramophone Company. Master recordings were made onto zinc plates, which were then electroplated and a negative-image "mother" made from them to stamp discs. A major reversal
Gramophone Records Museum and Research Centre of Ghana Folklife Center. Gramophone Records Museum and Research Centre of Ghana The Gramophone Records Museum and Research Centre of Ghana (GRMRC) is a museum dedicated to preserving Ghanaian recordings. It was founded by Kwame Sarpong and opened to the public in December 1994. It is located in the Centre for National Culture in Cape Coast. In 2003, the Daniel Langlois Foundation for the Art, Science and Technology in Canada began sponsoring a project to digitise Highlife recordings from the museum's collections. Some of the museum's holdings have been transferred to CD for the Archive of Folk Culture at the Library of