Annealing (metallurgy) brass can be cooled slowly in air, or quickly by quenching in water, unlike ferrous metals, such as steel, which must be cooled slowly to anneal. In this fashion, the metal is softened and prepared for further work—such as shaping, stamping, or forming. Annealing occurs by the diffusion of atoms within a solid material, so that the material progresses towards its equilibrium state. Heat increases the rate of diffusion by providing the energy needed to break bonds. The movement of atoms has the effect of redistributing and eradicating the dislocations in metals and (to a lesser extent) in ceramics. This
DFM Guidelines for Hot Metal Extrusion Process process, if high surface finish and tight tolerances are required then the material is not heated. DFM stands for design for manufacturing, so as the name suggest the design is manufacturing friendly, in simple terms design that can be manufactured easily and cheaply. DFM guidelines define a set of rules for a person designing a product to ease the manufacturing process, reduce cost and time. For example, if a hole is to be drilled, if the designer specifies a standard hole size then it reduces the cost because the drill bits of unusual sizes are not readily available they have