Volume 2 : 3 ratio of the volumes of the sphere and cylinder is credited to Archimedes. The volume of a sphere is the integral of an infinite number of infinitesimally small circular disks of thickness "dx". The calculation for the volume of a sphere with center 0 and radius "r" is as follows. The surface area of the circular disk is formula_10. The radius of the circular disks, defined such that the x-axis cuts perpendicularly through them, is or where y or z can be taken to represent the radius of a disk at a particular x value. Using y
Brand X (The X-Files) X" began as a script that explored "the horrifying aspects of over-eating". However, since an earlier season seven episode, "Hungry", had dealt with similar themes, the writing staff decided to take the story in a different direction and examine the "corporate evil that populates the cigarette industry". The episode's writers, Steven Maeda and Greg Walker, were both admitted fans of "The Insider" (1999), a film that examines the tobacco industry, and so the two decided to craft an episode with a similar feel. Marc Shapiro, in his book "All Things: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 6", notes that