Arthroscopy elbow, wrist, ankle, foot, and hip. Knee arthroscopy, or arthroscopic knee surgery, is an ineffective surgery that uses arthroscopic surgical techniques. People who undergo this surgery for "wear and tear" joint pain, including osteoarthritis and meniscal tears, usually have high hopes for the results, but repeated scientific studies have show that they actually end up with results that are no better than if they had skipped all of the pain, disruption, and risks of the surgery and instead only did the many hours of required post-surgery physical therapy. It has, in many cases, replaced the classic open surgery (arthrotomy) that
Plastic surgery of cancer, cleft lip and palate surgery, contracture surgery for burn survivors, and creating a new outer ear when one is congenitally absent. Plastic surgeons use microsurgery to transfer tissue for coverage of a defect when no local tissue is available. Free flaps of skin, muscle, bone, fat, or a combination may be removed from the body, moved to another site on the body, and reconnected to a blood supply by suturing arteries and veins as small as 1 to 2 millimeters in diameter. Cosmetic surgery is a voluntary or elective surgery that is performed on normal parts of the