2011 England riots the maker of the BlackBerry, are reported to have contacted the police to offer help in investigating the use of their system for the organisation of riots. According to "The Independent", the costs to the Metropolitan Police of policing the disorder and disturbances in London are expected to exceed £34 million. This could be more than their total bill for the policing of all major public disorder events in the year from April 2010 to March 2011. By 15 August 2011 around 3,100 people had been arrested, of whom over 1,100 had appeared in court. On 25 August the BBC
Device-to-device the aim of attracting more messages or decreasing its detection probability. This issue becomes more challenging when colluding attackers boost their metrics to deceive the attack detection systems. Dealing with non-cooperative mobile nodes is very challenging because of the distributed network model and intermittent access of nodes to central authorities. D2D Communications is used for Device-to-device Device-to-Device (D2D) communication in cellular networks is defined as direct communication between two mobile users without traversing the Base Station (BS) or core network. D2D communication is generally non-transparent to the cellular network and it can occur on the cellular frequencies (i.e., inband) or