Grid-connected photovoltaic power system Solar energy gathered by photovoltaic solar panels, intended for delivery to a power grid, must be conditioned, or processed for use, by a grid-connected inverter. Fundamentally, an inverter changes the DC input voltage from the PV to AC voltage for the grid. This inverter sits between the solar array and the grid, draws energy from each, and may be a large stand-alone unit or may be a collection of small inverters, each physically attached to individual solar panels. See AC Module. The inverter must monitor grid voltage, waveform, and frequency. One reason for monitoring is if the grid is dead
Serial module turns out that a serial ring "R" is a finite direct sum of homogeneously serial right ideals if and only if "R" is isomorphic to a full "n"x"n" matrix ring over a local serial ring. Such rings are also known as primary decomposable serial rings . Serial module In abstract algebra, a uniserial module "M" is a module over a ring "R", whose submodules are totally ordered by inclusion. This means simply that for any two submodules "N" and "N" of "M", either formula_1 or formula_2. A module is called a serial module if it is a direct sum of