Seismic moment seismic moment tensor formula_8 (a symmetric tensor, but not necessarily a double couple tensor), the seismic moment is Seismic moment Seismic moment is a quantity used by seismologists to measure the size of an earthquake. The scalar seismic moment formula_1 is defined by the equation formula_2, where formula_1 thus has dimensions of torque, measured in newton meters. The connection between seismic moment and a torque is natural in the representation of seismic sources as a pair of force couples. Seismic moment is not a measure of energy. The relations between seismic moment, potential energy drop and radiated energy are indirect
Seismic refraction velocity of the first layer V - velocity of the second layer h - thickness of the first layer T0 - intercept Seismic refraction Seismic refraction is a geophysical principle (see refraction) governed by Snell's Law. Used in the fields of engineering geology, geotechnical engineering and exploration geophysics, seismic refraction traverses (seismic lines) are performed using a seismograph(s) and/or geophone(s), in an array and an energy source. The seismic refraction method utilizes the refraction of seismic waves on geologic layers and rock/soil units in order to characterize the subsurface geologic conditions and geologic structure. The methods depend on the fact