Pneumatic circuit following devices operate using compressed gases, but are not normally thought of as being pneumatic circuits: Pneumatic circuit A pneumatic circuit is an interconnected set of components that convert compressed gas (usually air) into mechanical work. In the normal sense of the term, the circuit must include a compressor or compressor-fed tank. The circuit comprises the following components: In general, based on the application, a pneumatic cylinder is usually a single acting cylinder, where there is a single port in the cylinder and where cylinder extension is done by compressed air and retraction by means of open coiled spring. In
Potential energy positive work is a reduction in the potential, that is where "C" is the trajectory taken from A to B. Because the work done is independent of the path taken, then this expression is true for any trajectory, "C", from A to B. The function "U"(x) is called the potential energy associated with the applied force. Examples of forces that have potential energies are gravity and spring forces. In this section the relationship between work and potential energy is presented in more detail. The line integral that defines work along curve "C" takes a special form if the force F