Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors, also known as hybrid PV/T (PVT) or solar cogeneration systems, are power generation technologies that convert solar radiation into usable thermal and electrical energy. Such systems combine a solar cell, which converts sunlight into electricity, with a solar thermal collector, which captures the remaining energy and removes waste heat from the PV module. These technologies can be more energy efficient overall than solar photovoltaic (PV) or solar thermal alone. Significant research has gone into developing a diverse range of PV/T technologies since the 1970s.. While many collector types have been
Injective module Injective module In mathematics, especially in the area of abstract algebra known as module theory, an injective module is a module "Q" that shares certain desirable properties with the Z-module Q of all rational numbers. Specifically, if "Q" is a submodule of some other module, then it is already a direct summand of that module; also, given a submodule of a module "Y", then any module homomorphism from this submodule to "Q" can be extended to a homomorphism from all of "Y" to "Q". This concept is dual to that of projective modules. Injective modules were introduced in and are