Arthroscopy elbow, wrist, ankle, foot, and hip. Knee arthroscopy, or arthroscopic knee surgery, is an ineffective surgery that uses arthroscopic surgical techniques. People who undergo this surgery for "wear and tear" joint pain, including osteoarthritis and meniscal tears, usually have high hopes for the results, but repeated scientific studies have show that they actually end up with results that are no better than if they had skipped all of the pain, disruption, and risks of the surgery and instead only did the many hours of required post-surgery physical therapy. It has, in many cases, replaced the classic open surgery (arthrotomy) that
History of beliefs about the human body the senses to identify what has gone wrong. The Ebers Papyrus refers to many god-like and spiritual infestations of the body that could not be explained at the time. Despite the explanations for maladies by spiritual rational, the interventions described to investigate and see the body were distinctly disconnected for the spirit or life force of the body and was principally about what could be seen or touched. Descriptions of the exact placement of the heart within the body, the circulation of blood are in no doubt accurate as Egyptians practiced embalming their dead by removal of organs and placement