Nasal spray oil are also available. There is however no trial-verified evidence that they have a measurable effect on symptoms. Decongestant nasal sprays are available over-the-counter in many countries. They work to very quickly open up nasal passages by constricting blood vessels in the lining of the nose. Prolonged use of these types of sprays can damage the delicate mucous membranes in the nose. This causes increased inflammation, an effect known as rhinitis medicamentosa or the rebound effect. Decongestant nasal sprays are advised for short-term use only, preferably 5 to 7 days at maximum. Some doctors advise to use them 3 days
Nasal infix would be expected. For example, the PIE root "to win" would yield a nasal-infixed present stem . These presents are called "nasal infix presents" or simply "nasal presents" and are typically active transitive verbs, often with durative aspect. Since the linguistic ancestor of PIE is not known, there can only be speculations about the origins of the nasal infix. It has been suggested that it arose from a suffix (also related to and ) which underwent metathesis. Besides the nasal infix, PIE employs a number of affixes to mark the present: , , , , , and others. All in