Metered-dose inhaler stringent set of criteria, they must: In the early days of MDIs the most commonly used propellants were the chlorofluorocarbons CFC-11, CFC-12 and CFC-114. In 2008 the Food and Drug Administration announced that inhalers using chlorofluorocarbons as a propellant, such as Primatene Mist, could no longer be manufactured or sold as of 2012. This followed from the U.S. decision to agree to the 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. Phospholipids are important natural surfactant lipids used in enhancing penetration and bioavailability. Phospholipids act by reducing the high surface tension forces at the air-water interface within the
Montreal flood of 1987 of God". In 1988, all the cities on the Island of Montreal, regrouped into the Montreal Urban Community, set up a common "Emergencies Coordination Bureau" ("Bureau des mesures d'urgence"). In 1997, the bureau was renamed "Centre de sécurité civile". Following the Municipal reorganization in Quebec in 2002, most of the cities were regrouped into the greater Montreal and the center became the "Centre de sécurité civile de Montréal". Montreal flood of 1987 The Montreal flood of 1987 happened on July 14 of that year when a series of strong thunderstorms crossed the island of Montreal, Canada, between the noon hour