Pneumatic circuit following devices operate using compressed gases, but are not normally thought of as being pneumatic circuits: Pneumatic circuit A pneumatic circuit is an interconnected set of components that convert compressed gas (usually air) into mechanical work. In the normal sense of the term, the circuit must include a compressor or compressor-fed tank. The circuit comprises the following components: In general, based on the application, a pneumatic cylinder is usually a single acting cylinder, where there is a single port in the cylinder and where cylinder extension is done by compressed air and retraction by means of open coiled spring. In
Molecular motor Molecular motor Molecular motors are biological molecular machines that are the essential agents of movement in living organisms. In general terms, a motor is a device that consumes energy in one form and converts it into motion or mechanical work; for example, many protein-based molecular motors harness the chemical free energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP in order to perform mechanical work. In terms of energetic efficiency, this type of motor can be superior to currently available man-made motors. One important difference between molecular motors and macroscopic motors is that molecular motors operate in the thermal bath, an environment