Atmosphere of Mars and southern hemispheres. Mars's temperature difference greatly influences the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, because warmer air can contain more moisture. This, in turn, affects the production of ozone-destroying hydrogen radicals. In early 2016, Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) detected atomic oxygen in the atmosphere of Mars. This was the first time in forty years it was detected, the last time being the Viking and Mariner missions in the 1970s. Molecular nitrogen (N) is present in the atmosphere at 1.9%. Measurements by various robotic missions, and analyses of Martian meteorites, show that the atmosphere is enriched in
Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study The Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study or Surface Ocean - Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) is an international scientific research initiative that is one of the core projects of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme. SOLAS has a goal to achieve quantitative understanding of the key biogeochemical-physical interactions and feedbacks between the ocean and atmosphere, and of how this coupled system affects and is affected by climate and environmental change. Thus, this international project is a critical component to understanding the Earth system and the effects of climate change on this system. The project includes meteorologists, oceanographers, marine