Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster on the International Nuclear Event Scale (INES). This scale runs from 0, indicating an abnormal situation with no safety consequences, to 7, indicating an accident causing widespread contamination with serious health and environmental effects. Prior to Fukushima, the Chernobyl disaster was the only level 7 event on record, while the Three Mile Island accident was rated as level 5. A 2012 analysis of the intermediate and long-lived radioactivity released found about 10–20% of that released from the Chernobyl disaster. Approximately 15 PBq of caesium-137 was released, compared with approximately 85 PBq of caesium-137 at Chernobyl, indicating the release of of
Isotopes of caesium only long after the nuclear explosion is over. The combined yield of Cs and Cs is given as 6.7896%. The proportion between the two will change with continued neutron irradiation. Cs also captures neutrons with a cross section of 140 barns, becoming long-lived radioactive Cs. Caesium-134 undergoes beta decay (β), producing Ba 134 directly and emitting on average 2.23 gamma ray photons (mean energy 0.698 MeV). Caesium-135 is a mildly radioactive isotope of caesium with a half-life of 2.3 million years, decaying, via emission of a low-energy beta particle, into the stable isotope barium-135. Caesium-135 is one of the 7