Great Lakes passenger steamers Lakes) and a high-speed catamaran running between Milwaukee, Wisconsin and Muskegon, Michigan. An international ferry ran on Lake Ontario from Rochester, New York to Toronto from 2004 to 2005, but it was plagued with high operating costs and low demand. The privately owned company was taken over by the City of Rochester, and the ship was sold overseas where it operated across the Strait of Gibraltar. Cruise ship traffic on the Great Lakes increased in the early-21st century, with ships like the MS Hamburg, the MS Saint Laurent and the smaller ships of the Great Lakes Cruise Company offering multi-day
Great Lakes Megalopolis French geographer Jean Gottmann. Gottmann envisaged the development of other megalopolies in the U.S.: from Boston to Washington, D.C., from Chicago to Pittsburgh, and from San Francisco to San Diego. In 1965, futurist Herman Kahn speculated about the future of the three megalopoleis in the year 2000. In the 1960s and 1970s, urban planner and architect Constantinos Doxiadis authored books, studies, and reports regarding the growth potential of the "Great Lakes Megalopolis". Doxiadis envisioned Detroit (on the US-Canada border across from Windsor) as the central urban area in the Great Lakes Megalopolis. According to him, the megalopolis extended "from Milwaukee