Porcelain in England in 1748 in order to compete with imported porcelain, bone china is now made worldwide. The English had read the letters of Jesuit missionary Francois Xavier d'Entrecolles, which described Chinese porcelain manufacturing secrets in detail. One writer has speculated that a misunderstanding of the text could possibly have been responsible for the first attempts to use bone-ash as an ingredient of English porcelain, although this is not supported by researchers and historians. In China, kaolin was sometimes described as forming the 'bones' of the paste, while the 'flesh' was provided by the refined rocks suitable for the porcelain
Porcelain trade in Qing China use five colors. Furthermore, the Qing focused on different artistic elements when producing their porcelain, like the use of color and putting porcelain at a higher temperature to get a glossier coat. Also, many of the private kilns were trusting their own potters to create freely, a creative freedom that would help to further the creative porcelain pieces. A more creative porcelain piece would bring more profit and boost to the Qing economy. There was a researching of what techniques were better in the production of these porcelain goods, and this would help to further the marketing aspect of business