Hearth tax and became widespread in the 14th century when the royal finances were unable to bear the rising costs of war and state agents. In particular, "fouages" were levied in 1342 and 1349. The "hearth-penny" was an Anglo-Saxon term for "Peter's pence". In England, hearth tax, also known as hearth money, chimney tax, or chimney money, was a tax imposed by Parliament in 1662, to support the Royal Household of King Charles II. Following the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, Parliament calculated that the Royal Household needed an annual income of £1,200,000. The hearth tax was a supplemental tax to
A Treatise on Money theory on money he asserts that investment is an "undependable drive wheel for the economy," and when no new investment can be found, the economy will begin to falter. Keynes and Hayek debated the former's theory of money. Keynes felt that Hayek was splitting hairs with him terminologically and published a public response to the Austrian's criticisms, writing, “Dr Hayek has seriously misapprehended the character of my conclusions. He thinks that my central contention is something different from what it really is”; “It is essential to that theory to deny these propositions which Dr Hayek puts in my mouth.” The