San Francisco drew many people, especially African Americans from the South, to the area. After the end of the war, many military personnel returning from service abroad and civilians who had originally come to work decided to stay. The United Nations Charter creating the United Nations was drafted and signed in San Francisco in 1945 and, in 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco officially ended the war with Japan. Urban planning projects in the 1950s and 1960s involved widespread destruction and redevelopment of west-side neighborhoods and the construction of new freeways, of which only a series of short segments were built before
LGBT culture in San Francisco gay bar owners in 1962 as a response to continued police harassment and closing of gay bars (including the Tay-Bush Inn raid), and continued until 1995. San Francisco became linked with the LGBT community in the media as a result of a June 1964 "Life" article, "Gay San Francisco," which stated that San Francisco was the "gay capital of America." The Society for Individual Rights (SIR), founded in San Francisco in 1964, published the magazine "Vector" and became within two years the largest homophile organization in the United States. SIR focused on community building, public identity and legal and social