Jnana yoga Jnana yoga Jñāna yoga, also known as Jnanamarga, is one of the several spiritual paths in Hinduism that emphasizes the "path of knowledge", also known as the "path of self-realization". It is one of the three classical paths ("margas") for moksha (salvation, liberation). The other two are karma yoga (path of action, "karmamarga") and bhakti yoga (path of loving devotion to a personal god, "bhaktimarga"). Later, new movements within Hinduism added raja yoga as a fourth spiritual path, but it is not universally accepted as distinct to the other three. The "jnana yoga" is a spiritual practice that pursues knowledge
Bhakti movement concept of the Ultimate Reality as formless, without attributes or quality. "Saguna" Brahman, in contrast, was envisioned and developed as with form, attributes and quality. The two had parallels in the ancient pantheistic unmanifest and theistic manifest traditions, respectively, and traceable to Arjuna-Krishna dialogue in the Bhagavad Gita. It is the same Brahman, but viewed from two perspectives, one from "Nirguni" knowledge-focus and other from "Saguni" love-focus, united as Krishna in the Gita. "Nirguna" bhakta's poetry were "Jnana-shrayi", or had roots in knowledge. "Saguna" bhakta's poetry were "Prema-shrayi", or with roots in love. In Bhakti, the emphasis is reciprocal love