The Communist Manifesto Marx drew from the "joint stock of ideas" he developed with Engels, "a kind of intellectual bank account upon which either could draw freely." In late February 1848, the "Manifesto" was anonymously published by the Workers' Educational Association ("Communistischer Arbeiterbildungsverein") at Bishopsgate in the City of London. Written in German, the 23-page pamphlet was titled "Manifest der kommunistischen Partei" and had a dark-green cover. It was reprinted three times and serialised in the "Deutsche Londoner Zeitung", a newspaper for German "émigré"s. On 4 March, one day after the serialisation in the "Zeitung" began, Marx was expelled by Belgian police. Two
Revolution of 1848 in Luxembourg pass from a clique of conservative Orangist officials to another, only slightly larger, clique of liberal businessmen enriched by early industrialisation. It is doubtful, then, whether 1848 was a revolution in the social sense. 1848 did, however, see the working classes take to the streets in anger for the first time. The socialist lawyer, Charles Théodore André, published an appeal to the workers of Luxembourg during the Revolution. Most of those who had administered the country since 1841 managed to weather the storm of 1848 and remain in their posts after the coming into force of the new Constitution on