Reinforced rubber reinforcement structure are placed under angles larger than 54.7 angular degrees, the fibres want to relocate to their optimal path when pressurized. This means that the fibres will re-orient themselves until they have reached their force equilibrium. In this case this will lead to an increase in length and a decrease in diameter. With angles smaller than 54.7 degrees the opposite will occur. A product which makes use of this principle is a pneumatic muscle. For a cylinder with a constant diameter the reinforcement angle is constant as well and is 54.7º. This also known as the magic angle or
Zero degrees of freedom concentrates all probability at zero. All of this leaves open the question of what happens with zero degrees of freedom when the noncentrality parameter is not zero. The noncentral chi-squared distribution with zero degrees of freedom and with noncentrality parameter "μ" is the distribution of This concentrates probability "e" at zero; thus it is a mixture of discrete and continuous distributions Zero degrees of freedom In statistics, the non-central chi-squared distribution with zero degrees of freedom can be used in testing the null hypothesis that a sample is from a uniform distribution on the interval (0, 1). This distribution was