Democracy in Marxism however. In the 19th century, "The Communist Manifesto" (1848), by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, called for the international political unification of the European working classes in order to achieve a Communist revolution; and proposed that, because the socio-economic organization of communism was of a higher form than that of capitalism, a workers' revolution would first occur in the economically advanced, industrialized countries. Marxist social democracy was strongest in Germany throughout the 19th century, and the Social Democratic Party of Germany inspired Lenin and other Russian Marxists. During the revolutionary ferment of the Russian Revolution of 1905 and 1917, there
History of modernisation theory allows people to think in new and innovative ways; innovation is thus coeval with modernisation. Among the academics who contributed much to this theory are W. W. Rostow, who in his "The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto" (1960) concentrates on the economic system side of the modernisation, trying to show factors needed for a country to reach the path to modernisation in his Rostovian take-off model. David Apter concentrated on the political system and history of democracy, researching the connection between democracy, good governance and efficiency and modernisation. Seymour Martin Lipset in "Some Social Requisites of Democracy" (1959)