Ancient DNA in ice, such as the Ötzi the Iceman (Handt "et al." 1994), or through rapid desiccation, such as high-altitude mummies from the Andes (c.f. Pääbo 1986; Montiel "et al." 2001), as well as various sources of artificially preserved tissue (such as the chemically treated mummies of ancient Egypt). However, mummified remains are a limited resource. The majority of human aDNA studies have focused on extracting DNA from two sources that are much more common in the archaeological record – bone and teeth. Several other sources have also yielded DNA, including paleofaeces (Poinar "et al." 2001) and hair (Baker "et al."
Minnesota Iceman and a flattened nose. One of its arms appeared to be broken and one of its eyes appeared to have been knocked out of its socket, allegedly by a bullet that was said to have entered the creature's head from behind. Although cryptozoologists have suggested the Minnesota Iceman was a Neanderthal, Bigfoot and/or a primitive human, mainstream scientists say that it was likely to be a hoax due to Neanderthals going extinct thousands of years ago. Promoter and exhibitor Frank Hansen stated the Minnesota Iceman was discovered in the region of Siberia and that he was acting as its caretaker