Captain Pugwash Captain Pugwash Captain Pugwash is a fictional pirate in a series of British children's comic strips and books created by John Ryan. The character's adventures were adapted into a TV series, using cardboard cut-outs filmed in live-action (the first series was performed and broadcast live), also called "Captain Pugwash", first shown on the BBC in 1957, a later colour series, first shown in 1974–75, and a traditional animation series, "The Adventures of Captain Pugwash", first aired in 1998. The eponymous hero – Captain Horatio Pugwash – sails the high seas in his ship called the "Black Pig", ably assisted by
Captain of the ship doctrine in which the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania ruled that, "it can readily be understood that in the course of an operation in the operating room of a hospital, and until the surgeon leaves that room at the conclusion of the operation... he is in the same complete charge of those who are present and assisting him as in the captain of a ship over all on board, and that such supreme control is indeed essential in view of the high degree of protection to which an anesthetized, unconscious patient is entitled...". The doctrine emerged in 1949 and was popular in