Tin foil hat validity, as the effect of strong radio waves has been documented for quite some time. A well-constructed aluminum foil enclosure would approximate a Faraday cage for parts of the body enclosed by metal, reducing the amount of radio frequency electromagnetic radiation passing through to the parts of the body covered by the foil. Unlike a foil hat, a Faraday cage is a complete enclosure. A foil hat does not protect the face, and other uncovered areas of the body are not protected. A common high school physics demonstration involves placing an AM radio on aluminum foil, and then covering the
Kitchen utensil utensils recommended to the aspiring householder in cookbooks as the century progressed. Earlier in the century, in 1828, Frances Byerley Parkes had recommended a smaller array of utensils. By 1858, Elizabeth H. Putnam, in "Mrs Putnam's Receipt Book and Young Housekeeper's Assistant", wrote with the assumption that her readers would have the "usual quantity of utensils", to which she added a list of necessary items: Copper saucepans, well lined, with covers, from three to six different sizes; a flat-bottomed soup-pot; an upright gridiron; sheet-iron breadpans instead of tin; a griddle; a tin kitchen; Hector's double boiler; a tin coffee-pot for