Wilbur Scoville Wilbur Scoville Wilbur Lincoln Scoville (January 22, 1865 – March 10, 1942) was an American pharmacist best known for his creation of the "Scoville Organoleptic Test", now standardized as the Scoville scale. He devised the test and scale in 1912 while working at the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company to measure pungency, "spiciness" or "heat", of various chili peppers. Scoville was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut. He married Cora B. Upham on September 1, 1891 in Wollaston (Quincy, Massachusetts). They had two children: Amy Augusta, born August 21, 1892 and Ruth Upham, born October 21, 1897. Scoville wrote "The Art of Compounding", which
Robust measures of scale used. Another familiar robust measure of scale is the "median absolute deviation" (MAD), the median of the absolute values of the differences between the data values and the overall median of the data set; for a Gaussian distribution, MAD is related to formula_1 as formula_2 (the derivation can be found here). Robust measures of scale can be used as estimators of properties of the population, either for parameter estimation or as estimators of their own expected value. For example, robust estimators of scale are used to estimate the population variance or population standard deviation, generally by multiplying by a scale