Porcelain single operation. In this process, "green" (unfired) ceramic wares are heated to high temperatures in a kiln to permanently set their shapes. Porcelain is fired at a higher temperature than earthenware so that the body can vitrify and become non-porous. Porcelain originated in China, and it took a long time to reach the modern material. Until recent times, almost all East Asian porcelain was of the hard-paste type. There is no precise date to separate the production of proto-porcelain from that of porcelain. Although proto-porcelain wares exist dating from the Shang dynasty (1600–1046 BC), by the time of the Eastern
Porcelain trade in Qing China use five colors. Furthermore, the Qing focused on different artistic elements when producing their porcelain, like the use of color and putting porcelain at a higher temperature to get a glossier coat. Also, many of the private kilns were trusting their own potters to create freely, a creative freedom that would help to further the creative porcelain pieces. A more creative porcelain piece would bring more profit and boost to the Qing economy. There was a researching of what techniques were better in the production of these porcelain goods, and this would help to further the marketing aspect of business