Bhakti bhakti yoga in combination with "karma yoga" and "jnana yoga", while the "Bhagavata Purana" expands on bhakti yoga, offering nine specific activities for the bhakti yogi. Bhakti in the "Bhagavad Gita" offered an alternative to two dominant practices of religion at the time: the isolation of the sannyasin and the practice of religious ritual. "Bhakti Yoga" is described by Swami Vivekananda as "the path of systematized devotion for the attainment of union with the Absolute". In various chapters, including the twelfth chapter of the "Bhagavad Gita", Krishna describes "bhakti yoga" as one of the paths to the highest spiritual attainments.
Bhakti of praise to the Tirthankaras" as the second Obligatory Action. It explains this "bhakti" as one of the means to destroy negative karma. According to Paul Dundas, such textual references to devotional activity suggests that "bhakti" was a necessary part of Jainism from an early period. According to Jeffery Long, along with its strong focus on ethics and ascetic practices, the religiosity in Jainism has had a strong tradition of "bhakti" or devotion just like their Hindu neighbors. The Jain community built ornate temples and prided in public devotion for its fordmakers, saints and teachers. "Abhisekha", festival prayers, community recitals