Final stellation of the icosahedron 180 triangular faces, which are the outermost triangular regions in the stellation diagram. These join along 270 edges, which in turn meet at 92 vertices, with an Euler characteristic of 2. The 92 vertices lie on the surfaces of three concentric spheres. The innermost group of 20 vertices form the vertices of a regular dodecahedron; the next layer of 12 form the vertices of a regular icosahedron; and the outer layer of 60 form the vertices of a nonuniform truncated icosahedron. The radii of these spheres are in the ratio When regarded as a three-dimensional solid object with edge lengths
Great dodecahedron pentagram, its two-dimensional analogue, via the extension of the ("n-1")-D pentagonal polytope faces of the core "n"D polytope (pentagons for the great dodecahedron, and line segments for the pentagram) until the figure again closes. It shares the same edge arrangement as the convex regular icosahedron; the compound with both is the small complex icosidodecahedron. If only the visible surface is considered, it has the same topology as a triakis icosahedron with concave pyramids rather than convex ones. The excavated dodecahedron can be seen as the same process applied to a regular dodecahedron. A truncation process applied to the great dodecahedron