Hearth tax a baker who, to avoid chimney tax, had knocked through the wall from her oven to her neighbour's chimney. After the Glorious Revolution, the hearth tax was repealed by the newly empowered English Parliament and agreed to by the newly installed William III and Mary II in 1689, as "not only a great oppression to the poorer sort, but a badge of slavery upon the whole people, exposing every man’s house to be entered into, and searched at pleasure, by persons unknown to him." At the end of the Glorious Revolution in 1688, William III and Mary II also agreed
Pronunciation of English ⟨a⟩ well as in foreign borrowed words like "spa", "taco", "llama", "drama", "piranha", "Bahamas", "pasta", "Bach", many of which vary between and among different dialects of English. Some of these developments are discussed in detail in the following sections. In late Middle English, pairs such as "cat", "cart", were pronounced , respectively, distinguished only by the presence or absence of . However, by the late 17th century they were also distinguished by the quality and length of the vowel. In "cat", the vowel had been fronted to , while in "cart" it had been lengthened to . This latter change seems