San Francisco drew many people, especially African Americans from the South, to the area. After the end of the war, many military personnel returning from service abroad and civilians who had originally come to work decided to stay. The United Nations Charter creating the United Nations was drafted and signed in San Francisco in 1945 and, in 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco officially ended the war with Japan. Urban planning projects in the 1950s and 1960s involved widespread destruction and redevelopment of west-side neighborhoods and the construction of new freeways, of which only a series of short segments were built before
Media in the San Francisco Bay Area influential weeklies. The dailies were the "San Francisco Call" (later "Call-Bulletin"), the "San Francisco Examiner", the "San Francisco Chronicle" and the Scripps-Howard-owned "Daily News". The weeklies included the "Wasp", the "Argonaut", the "Labor Clarion", the "Coast Seamen's Journal", "Emanu-el", "Liberator" and the "News Letter". Today, several newspapers, covering community, regional, national, and international news, and community-specific papers, catering to niche markets and individual neighborhoods, are in circulation in the San Francisco Bay Area. The major English-language newspapers include the daily "East Bay Times", "San Francisco Chronicle", "San Francisco Examiner", and "San Jose Mercury News". The weekly alternative papers are the