Christian observances of Jewish holidays of the Churches of God, the Day of Atonement is observed as an annual Sabbath where members fast in observance of Leviticus 23:27-29. Most, like Roderick C. Meredith, leader of the Living Church of God, also believe that the Day of Atonement "pictures the binding of Satan at the beginning of the Millennium and the world becoming at one with God." Children and those with medical conditions for whom fasting could be detrimental are not expected to participate. Many groups affiliated with Messianic Judaism have provided instruction describing the evangelical significance for observance of this day. One rationale for celebrating
Moral influence theory of atonement during the Byzantine period taught several atonement theories simultaneously. Since the East-West Schism of 1054, the Orthodox Christian Churches have continued to teach the moral influence theory of the atonement in combination with other Patristic atonement theories such as the ransom theory and the Christus Victor model. Augustine held the moral influence theory of the atonement as his main atonement theory. He emphasized it repeatedly in key points throughout his writings. Augustine also taught the ransom from Satan model of the atonement in some of his writings and sermons in addition to the moral influence view. In Western Christianity, Augustine's