Great Lakes of the lakes: Ontario does not border Lake Michigan, and Michigan does not border Lake Ontario. New York and Wisconsin's jurisdictions extend into two lakes, and each of the remaining states into one of the lakes. As the surfaces of Lakes Superior, Huron, Michigan, and Erie are all approximately the same elevation above sea level, while Lake Ontario is significantly lower, and because the Niagara Escarpment precludes all natural navigation, the four upper lakes are commonly called the "upper great lakes". This designation, however, is not universal. Those living on the shore of Lake Superior often refer to all the
Great Lakes Megalopolis French geographer Jean Gottmann. Gottmann envisaged the development of other megalopolies in the U.S.: from Boston to Washington, D.C., from Chicago to Pittsburgh, and from San Francisco to San Diego. In 1965, futurist Herman Kahn speculated about the future of the three megalopoleis in the year 2000. In the 1960s and 1970s, urban planner and architect Constantinos Doxiadis authored books, studies, and reports regarding the growth potential of the "Great Lakes Megalopolis". Doxiadis envisioned Detroit (on the US-Canada border across from Windsor) as the central urban area in the Great Lakes Megalopolis. According to him, the megalopolis extended "from Milwaukee