Spotify paying) in December 2014, 75 million users (20 million paying) in June 2015, 30 million paying subscribers in March 2016, 40 million subscribers in September 2016, and 100 million total users in June 2016. As of November 2018, Spotify has 191 million active users, including over 87 million paying subscribers. According to "TechCrunch", Spotify was planning to launch on the stock market in 2017, but is instead planning on doing the IPO in 2018 in order to "build up a better balance sheet and work on shifting its business model to improve its margins". The value of its IPO is
Million service units would do so with 10% fewer MSUs. The lower MSU rating means lower software costs, providing an incentive for customers to upgrade. However, as software costs are not linear with MSUs, decreasing or increasing MSUs will not show a proportional change in software costs. The "least expensive" MSUs will be added (with increased MSUs) or removed (with decreased MSUs). For example, a 10% increase in MSUs will result in a software cost increase of less than 10%. How much more (or less, if reducing MSUs) depends on numerous other factors. Million service units A million service units (MSU) is a