Spotify paying) in December 2014, 75 million users (20 million paying) in June 2015, 30 million paying subscribers in March 2016, 40 million subscribers in September 2016, and 100 million total users in June 2016. As of November 2018, Spotify has 191 million active users, including over 87 million paying subscribers. According to "TechCrunch", Spotify was planning to launch on the stock market in 2017, but is instead planning on doing the IPO in 2018 in order to "build up a better balance sheet and work on shifting its business model to improve its margins". The value of its IPO is
Tidal (service) publicly announced by Tidal and its owners, having only 350,000 users in September 2015 (contradicting a claim by Jay-Z that the service had a million users), and 850,000 subscribers by March 2016, rather than the 3 million claimed by the service (which may have been inflated by including users that were using a free trial). In May 2018, "Dagens Næringsliv" published a report accusing Tidal of intentionally falsifying streaming numbers for Beyoncé's "Lemonade" and Kanye West's "The Life of Pablo" albums and consequently paying inflated royalties to the artists' record labels. The newspaper supported its report with a comprehensive study