History of socialism French revolution, as well as from the German philosophy of GWF Hegel, and English political economy, particularly that of Adam Smith and David Ricardo. Marx and Engels developed a body of ideas which they called scientific socialism, more commonly called Marxism. Marxism comprised a theory of history (historical materialism) as well as a political, economic and philosophical theory. In the "Manifesto of the Communist Party", written in 1848 just days before the outbreak of the revolutions of 1848, Marx and Engels wrote, "The distinguishing feature of Communism is not the abolition of property generally, but the abolition of bourgeois property".
Center for Economic and Social Justice and series of approaches by which people can understand and practice the moral values, central principles and logic behind a free enterprise theory of economic and social justice.” Its approach is based on a synthesis of the social doctrine of Pope Pius XI as analyzed by CESJ co-founder the late Reverend William J. Ferree, S.M., Ph.D., detailed in The Act of Social Justice (1943) and Introduction to Social Justice (1948), and the economic justice principles developed by lawyer-economist Louis O. Kelso and Aristotelian philosopher Mortimer J. Adler in their two books, "The Capitalist Manifesto" (1958) and "The New Capitalists" (1961).