Geography of Taiwan Geography of Taiwan Taiwan, formerly known as Formosa, is an island in East Asia; located some off the southeastern coast of mainland China across the Taiwan Strait. It has an area of , which includes other nearby islands such as Penghu (). The East China Sea lies to the north, the Philippine Sea to the east, the Luzon Strait directly to the south and the South China Sea to the southwest. The island makes up 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China, which is also known as "Taiwan". Taiwan is a tilted fault block, characterized by the
Under the Roof of One China Under the Roof of One China Under the Roof of One China is a political principle introduced by James Soong in regard to the relationship between Taiwan and the World Health Organization. In 2003, during the 2004 Republic of China presidential election campaign, both Mainland China and Taiwan had an epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) at the same time. Taiwan, being one of the most endemic areas, did not receive advice from the World Health Organization (WHO) because the People's Republic of China represents the 23 million people of Taiwan in WHO and forbids the Taiwan government's participation