Hatha yoga aim of spiritual liberation, self-knowledge or release from rebirth that the Indian traditions call "mukti" or "moksha". The goals of Hatha yoga, in its earliest texts, were linked to "mumukshu" (seeker of liberation, moksha). The later texts added and experimented with the goals of "bubhukshu" (seeker of enjoyment, bhoga). Hatha yoga is a branch of yoga. It shares numerous ideas and doctrines with other forms of yoga, such as the more ancient Yoga system taught by Patanjali. The differences are in the addition of some aspects, and different emphasis on other aspects. For example, "pranayama" is crucial in all yogas,
Kirtan Hindu scriptures such as the "Bhagavad-gita" where Krishna describes multiple paths to spiritual freedom, including karma marga (way of works), jnana marga (way of knowledge) and bhakti marga (way of loving devotion to god). "Kirtan" relates to the bhakti marga tradition of Hinduism. References to "Kirtan" as a musical recitation are also found in the Bhagavata Purana, an important Vaishnava text. Kirtan is often practiced as a kind of theatrical folk song with call-and-response chanting or antiphon. The ancient sage Narada revered as a musical genius, is called a "kirtankar" (singer of kirtan) in the Padma Purana. The famous story