China painting paintings, engravers, enamels and even the painters themselves to the Imperial court, and these designs found their way into porcelain decoration. Colorful enamel paints, used in German tin-glazed pottery, gave rise to new techniques such as famille rose coloring in Chinese porcelain. Designs of European origin found their way onto many porcelain items made in China for export to Europe. At least 60 million pieces of Chinese porcelain were imported to Europe in the 18th century. A first attempt to manufacture porcelain in Europe was undertaken in Florence, Italy in the late 16th century, sponsored by Francesco I de' Medici,
Pacte de Famille Pacte de Famille The Pacte de Famille (, "Family Compact"; ) is one of three separate, but similar alliances between the Bourbon kings of France and Spain. The first of these ("Primer Pacto de Familia") was made on November 7, 1733 by King Philip V of Spain and King Louis XV of France in the "Treaty of the Escorial". Philip V was the grandson of Louis XIV and had become the first Bourbon King of Spain in 1700 upon the extinction of Spanish Habsburgs. After a long war, the War of the Spanish Succession, he was recognized as king by