The Communist Manifesto Manifesto" summarises Marx and Engels' theories concerning the nature of society and politics, that in their own words, "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles". It also briefly features their ideas for how the capitalist society of the time would eventually be replaced by socialism. Near the end of the Manifesto, the authors call for "forcible overthrow of all existing social conditions", which served as the justification for all communist revolutions around the world. In 2013, "The Communist Manifesto" was registered to UNESCO's Memory of the World Programme with "Capital, Volume I". "The Communist
History of modernisation theory allows people to think in new and innovative ways; innovation is thus coeval with modernisation. Among the academics who contributed much to this theory are W. W. Rostow, who in his "The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto" (1960) concentrates on the economic system side of the modernisation, trying to show factors needed for a country to reach the path to modernisation in his Rostovian take-off model. David Apter concentrated on the political system and history of democracy, researching the connection between democracy, good governance and efficiency and modernisation. Seymour Martin Lipset in "Some Social Requisites of Democracy" (1959)