The Class Struggles in France 1848–1850 of support among groups that, according to Marx, share few mutual goals and interests. Finally, Marx draws together the analyses of the political upheavals in France and the economic crises triggered, originally, in England and spreading outward to the continent; and from these analyses builds the argument that these upheavals in France, which seemed like a grand political shift in one nation, marked only minor change within the superstructure of a social and economic system which was multinational in character. The Class Struggles in France 1848–1850 The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850 was a set of articles written
Punctuated equilibrium in social theory Punctuated equilibrium in social theory Punctuated equilibrium in social theory is a method of understanding change in complex social systems. The method studies the evolution of policy change, including the evolution of conflicts. The theory suggests that most social systems exist in an extended period of stasis, which are later punctuated by sudden shifts in radical change. The theory was largely inspired from the biological theory of punctuated equilibrium developed by paleontologists Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould. The punctuated equilibrium model of policy change was first presented by Frank Baumgartner and Bryan Jones in 1993, and has increasingly received