Hatha yoga Bhakti movement. It eliminated the need for "either ascetic renunciation or priestly intermediaries, ritual paraphernalia and sectarian initiations". This led to its broad historic popularity in India. Later in the 20th-century, states Mallinson, this disconnect of Hatha yoga from religious aspects and the democratic access of Hatha yoga enabled it to spread worldwide. Between the 17th and 19th-century, however, the various urban Hindu and Muslim elites and ruling classes viewed Yogis with derision. They were persecuted during the rule of Aurangzeb, who ended a long period of religious tolerance that had defined the rule of his predecessors beginning with Akbar,
Sri Devananda Gaudiya Math building. He later purchased an extensive piece of land on which he established a matha with a beautiful temple. The following deities preside in the five chambers of the temple and samadhi mandir respectively: Temple Samadhi The temple's nine towers each represent one limb of nava-vidha-bhakti, the nine types of devotional service. The matha is divided into the following nine parts (khandas): These sections are divided on the basis of activities favourable to bhakti, which are to be accepted and those unfavourable which are to be avoided. Jnana and karma which are devoid of bhakti are always to be rejected