Porcelain single operation. In this process, "green" (unfired) ceramic wares are heated to high temperatures in a kiln to permanently set their shapes. Porcelain is fired at a higher temperature than earthenware so that the body can vitrify and become non-porous. Porcelain originated in China, and it took a long time to reach the modern material. Until recent times, almost all East Asian porcelain was of the hard-paste type. There is no precise date to separate the production of proto-porcelain from that of porcelain. Although proto-porcelain wares exist dating from the Shang dynasty (1600–1046 BC), by the time of the Eastern
Porcelain crab are "Petrolisthes quadratus", found in large numbers under rocks in the intertidal, and the red-and-white polka-dotted "Porcellana sayana", which lives commensally within the shells inhabited by large hermit crabs. In Hong Kong, "Petrolisthes japonicus" is common. , some 4723 extant species porcelain crab had been described, divided among these 30 genera: The fossil record of porcelain crabs includes species of "Pachycheles", "Pisidia", "Polyonyx", "Porcellana", and a further 6 genera known only from fossils: The earliest porcelain crab fossil is "Jurellana" from the Tithonian of central Europe. Porcelain crab Porcelain crabs are decapod crustaceans in the widespread family Porcellanidae, which superficially