Charts on SO(3) closed set under composition. This visualization can be extended to a general rotation in 3-dimensional space. The identity rotation is a point, and a small angle of rotation about some axis can be represented as a point on a sphere with a small radius. As the angle of rotation grows, the sphere grows, until the angle of rotation reaches 180 degrees, at which point the sphere begins to shrink, becoming a point as the angle approaches 360 degrees (or zero degrees from the negative direction). This set of expanding and contracting spheres represents a hypersphere in four-dimensional space (a 3-sphere).
Allied Masonic Degrees Allied Masonic Degrees The Allied Masonic Degrees (AMD) are a series of Masonic degrees conferred by "Councils of the Allied Masonic Degrees". The Allied Masonic Degrees form an appendant order of Freemasonry that exists in some Masonic jurisdictions; its degrees are conferred only by invitation. Councils of the Allied Masonic Degrees exist in Great Britain, the United States, Canada, France and Australia and their members also educate one another by presenting research papers on Freemasonry. The structure is very like that of the craft lodges, with the exception that the offices of Secretary and Treasurer may be combined in some