Lemon liqueur proof neutral spirits to extract from it the lemon oil (an essential oil). The extraction is then diluted with simple syrup. Different varieties of lemon are used to produce different flavors. The variety of lemon used is usually dictated by region. Various alcohols can be used to give distinct flavors. A higher proof alcohol maximizes extraction of the lemon flavor, whereas darker alcohols add complexity of flavor. Many commercial brands of lemon liqueur are produced in Italy, in several styles (see Italian liqueur). In Italy, especially in Campania, lemon liqueur is consumed as a chaser ("ammazzacaffè") to coffee. Lemon liqueur
Vin de liqueur sugar because most strains of yeast cannot reproduce at such a high alcohol level. "Vins de liqueur" are available in many regional styles and varieties of grape. Grapes from the Champagne region are used for the production of ratafia. The Rhône region makes a wine known as "rinquinquin", and the Languedoc region produces a local "vin de liqueur" that is called "cartagène". The Jura wine region produces a "vin de liqueur" called Macvin du Jura. Most regions that have characteristic brandies also produce related fortified wines: the Pineau des Charentes is fortified with cognac, and the Floc de Gascogne with