Cyberman choosing to fill in gaps in the history of the Cybermen or depict new encounters between them and the Doctor. The species also appeared in the "Doctor Who" TV spin-off "Torchwood", appearing in the fourth episode, "Cyberwoman" (2006). The name "Cyberman" comes from cybernetics, a term used in Norbert Wiener's book "Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine" (MIT Press, 1948). Wiener used the term in reference to the control of complex systems in the animal world and in mechanical networks, in particular self-regulating control systems. By 1960, doctors were performing research into surgically or mechanically
Norbert Wiener Center for Harmonic Analysis and Applications colloquium, and a keynote lecture. The speakers are top researchers in pure and applied harmonic analysis in academia, government, and industry. The Director of the NWC is John Benedetto. The faculty members include: John Benedetto, Radu Balan, Wojciech Czaja, and Kasso Okoudjou. The current Scientific Development Officers include Michael Dellomo, Jeffrey Sieracki, and Alfredo Nava-Tudela. The current postdoctoral fellows include Xuemei Chen and Benjamin Manning. The associate director of the center is Matthew Begué. A list of all other members, including all graduate students, can be found on the center's official website. Norbert Wiener Center for Harmonic Analysis and Applications