The Forme of Cury of Italian influence. Some recipes in "The Forme of Cury" appear to be influenced by the "Liber de Coquina," which had contributions from Arabic cuisine. For example, the recipe for "mawmenee" (see illustration) corresponds to the Arabic "mamuniyya". The confectionery-like "payn ragoun" confirms the connection with Sicily (which had been Arab, Catalan and Norman), as it uses the Arab technique of cooking in soft ball syrup. The following is an example of a recipe taken from the modern critical edition of the text: In modern English: The Café at the Rylands, in Manchester's John Rylands Library, cooked "Tart in Ymber
Rylands v Fletcher Rylands v Fletcher This doctrine was further developed by English courts, and made an immediate impact on the law. Prior to "Rylands", English courts had not based their decisions in similar cases on strict liability, and had focused on the intention behind the actions rather than the nature of the actions themselves. In contrast, "Rylands" imposed strict liability on those found detrimental in such a fashion without having to prove a duty of care or negligence, which brought the law into line with that relating to public reservoirs and marked a significant doctrinal shift. Academics have criticised it, however, both