Kype and/or characteristics that could be of importance in inter- and intra-sexual evaluations of individual quality. The size of the kype is believed to determine male spawning frequency. The extinct sabertooth salmon, "Oncorhynchus rastrosus", was first named for its prominent premaxillary dentition. It possesses an enormous conical tooth on each premaxilla. There is no visible kype on the dentary, implying a different strategy for forming mate dominance. Kype A kype is a hook-like secondary sex characteristic which develops at the distal tip of the lower jaw in some male salmonids prior to the spawning season. The structure usually develops in the
Medication-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw include the following: Although the methods of action are not yet completely understood, it is hypothesized that medication-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw is related to a defect in jaw bone healing and remodelling. The condition is predominantly confined within the maxillofacial region. The inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and function, precipitated by drug therapy, leads to decreased bone resorption and remodelling. Evidence also suggests bisphosphonates induce apoptosis of osteoclasts, resulting in resorption of bones. Another suggested factor is the inhibition of angiogenesis due to bisphosphonates but its effect remains uncertain. Several studies have proposed that bisphosphonates cause excessive reduction of bone