Independent Olympic Participants at the 1992 Summer Olympics Independent Olympic Participants at the 1992 Summer Olympics During the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, athletes from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Republic of Macedonia competed as Independent Olympic Participants. Macedonian athletes could not appear under their own flag because their NOC had not been formed. The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) was under United Nations sanctions which prevented the country from taking part in the Olympics. However, individual Yugoslav athletes were allowed to take part as Independent Olympic Participants (and as Independent Paralympic Participants at the 1992 Summer Paralympics). 58 competitors (52 from FR
Rowing at the 1984 Summer Olympics two-time Olympic champions from East Germany in the men's 8 twice at the Lucerne pre-olympic regatta. Steve Redgrave won his first of five consecutive gold medals. Elisabeta Oleniuc, later known as Elisabeta Lipă, also won her first gold medal. Twenty years later she won her fifth gold medal in the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. The quadruple sculls events, as in 1976 and 1980, were again held without coxswain for men and with coxswain for women. Rowing at the 1984 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1984 Summer Olympics featured 14 events in total, for both men and women. Events were