Canadian diamonds The Ekati Diamond Mine is Canada's first underground diamond operation, and is owned by Dominion Diamond Mines. To date, Ekati has produced nearly 40 million carats of uncut diamond stones out of 6 open pit mines. The Renard diamond mine is Quebec's first diamond mine. The mine is expected to produce an average of 1.6 million carats per year over an initial 14-year mine life. The Snap Lake Diamond Mine is located northeast of Yellowknife as well, not far from Diavik. Snap lake is owned by De Beers and was their first mine outside of Africa. Snap Lake is also
Permafrost down to . Discontinuous permafrost is often further divided into "extensive discontinuous permafrost", where permafrost covers between 50 and 90 percent of the landscape and is usually found in areas with mean annual temperatures between , and "sporadic permafrost", where permafrost cover is less than 50 percent of the landscape and typically occurs at mean annual temperatures between . In soil science, the sporadic permafrost zone is abbreviated SPZ and the extensive discontinuous permafrost zone DPZ. Exceptions occur in "un-glaciated" Siberia and Alaska where the present depth of permafrost is a relic of climatic conditions during glacial ages where winters