Drug injection taking drugs, injection is favoured by some people as the full effects of the drug are experienced very quickly, typically in five to ten seconds. It also bypasses first-pass metabolism in the liver, resulting in higher bioavailability and efficiency for many drugs (such as morphine or diacetylmorphine/heroin; roughly two-thirds of which is destroyed in the liver when consumed orally) than oral ingestion would. The effect is that the person gets a stronger (yet shorter-acting) effect from the same amount of the drug. Drug injection is therefore often related to substance dependence. In a recreational context, the shorter, more intense "high"
Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act the generic company is preparing its ANDA – during that time the generic company needs to learn how to manufacture the drug, manufacture a test batch, and run bioequivalence studies with it, which are all activities that it could be sued for infringement for. This protection is called the "research exemption". When a company is ready to file its ANDA, the Act requires it to declare how its activities when it begins to market the drug will relate to patents listed in the Orange Book; there are four options or "certifications": it can state that there never were patents listed,