Dualistic cosmology Confucianism, beliefs that divide the universe into the complementary oppositions of yin and yang. In traditions such as classical Hinduism, Zen Buddhism or Islamic Sufism, a key to enlightenment is "transcending" this sort of dualistic thinking, without merely substituting dualism with monism or pluralism. The opposition and combination of the universe's two basic principles of yin and yang is a large part of Chinese philosophy, and is an important feature of Taoism, both as a philosophy and as a religion, although the concept developed much earlier. Some argue that yin and yang were originally an earth and sky god, respectively.
Yang ± Yin: Gender in Chinese Cinema in spite of social conservatism and government censorship. Chia-Chi Wu writes, 'In its queering of Chinese-language film– reclaiming or recreating Chinese texts for queer interpretation – "Yang±Yin" undercuts heteronormativity and patriarchy foundational to nationalist discourses of Chinese communities and creates a queer imaginary that is ‘pan-Chinese’.' Kwan draws attention to the coded or subtle queerness of Chinese cinema. For example, director Zhang Che describes, 'possible 'Freudian' readings' of his film "The Slaughter In Xi'an" (1990), thus, according to Fran Martin, 'validating the power of the spectators agency and never denying the erotic tensions bubbling beneath supposedly chaste canons of Confuscian