Plasmodium vivax the first-line treatment for "P. falciparum" malaria, it may also be used for P. vivax malaria in combination with primaquine for radical cure. An exception is artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS+SP), which is not effective against P. vivax in many places. Mefloquine is a good alternative and in some countries is more readily available. Atovaquone-proguanil is an effective alternative in patients unable to tolerate chloroquine. Quinine may be used to treat "vivax" malaria but is associated with inferior outcomes. 32–100% of patients will relapse following successful treatment of "P. vivax" infection if a radical cure (eradication of liver stages) is not
Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners legislation as well as of practical guidance for prison management. Although not legally binding, the Minimum Standards provide guidelines for international and domestic law for citizens held in prisons and other forms of custody. The basic principle described in the standards is that "There shall be no discrimination on grounds of race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status". Part I contains Rules of General Application. It contains standards which set out what is generally accepted as being good principle and practice in the treatment of prisoners and the management