Valles Caldera Valles Caldera dates back to the prehistoric times: spear points dating to 11,000 years ago have been discovered. Several Native American tribes frequented the caldera, often seasonally for hunting and for obsidian, used for spear and arrow points. Obsidian from the caldera was traded by tribes across much of the Southwest. Eventually, Spanish and later Mexican settlers as well as the Navajo and other tribes came to the caldera seasonally for grazing with periodic clashes and raids. Later as the United States acquired New Mexico as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, the caldera became the backdrop
Guadalupe (Spain) Guadalupe (Spain) The Guadalupe or Guadalupejo river () is a right hand tributary of the Guadiana, in Spain. The Guadalupe has its sources in the Sierra de Villuercas near Guadalupe, giving its name to the town, and by extension to the monastery of Santa María de Guadalupe. It flows southwards into the Guadiana at the Garcia de Sola Dam, barely 1.5 km east of Valdecaballeros. There is an abandoned nuclear power plant, the Valdecaballeros Nuclear Power Plant, as well as a small dam near its mouth. The name is believed to be derived from the Arabic phrase وادي اللب, "Wad-al-lubb"