Roller coaster phobia combine substantial heights with seemingly insignificant support, as well as free-falls and the illusion of uncontrolled drops. Because acrophobia involves an extreme fear of heights and falling, these conditions could cause someone who is an acrophobic to have an extremely negative reaction to riding roller coasters. Claustrophobia involves two parts, fear of physical restraint and fear of suffocation. The safety harnesses and enclosures on some rollercoaster and other rides are very restrictive, in order to protect the riders from harm. In addition, the speed of these rides can cause air displacement that makes it difficult for riders to catch their
Fear appeal in the exact opposite effect. According to Sternthal and Craig, fear strength affects attitude change more than it does intentions. They argue that although persuasion increases when fear rises from low to moderate levels, when rising from moderate to high levels, it actually decreases. Some have even gone so far as to argue that fear is an entirely unnecessary component of an effective appeal as perceived efficacy is more predictive of intention to change behavior than either element of perceived threat. The tendency for higher levels of fear to raise defensive control responses, it is argued, suggests that fear is