Computer ethics the 1940s with MIT professor Norbert Wiener, the American mathematician and philosopher. While working on anti-aircraft artillery during World War II, Wiener and his fellow engineers developed a system of communication between the part of a cannon that tracked a warplane, the part that performed calculations to estimate a trajectory, and the part responsible for firing. Wiener termed the science of such information feedback systems "cybernetics," and he discussed this new field with its related ethical concerns in his 1948 book, "Cybernetics". In 1950, Wiener's second book, "The Human Use of Human Beings", delved deeper into the ethical issues surrounding
Giovanni Forni (mathematician) American Mathematical Society. Giovanni Forni (mathematician) Giovanni Forni is an Italian mathematician at the University of Maryland known for his research in dynamical systems. After graduating from the University of Bologna in 1989, he obtained his PhD in 1993 from Princeton University, under the supervision of John Mather. He was an invited speaker at the 2002 International Congress of Mathematicians in Beijing. For his work on solutions of cohomological equations for flows on surfaces, and on the Kontsevich–Zorich conjecture concerning deviation of ergodic averages, he was awarded the 2008 Michael Brin Prize in Dynamical Systems. In 2012, he became a