Trachea emergency situation, and this is a cricothyrotomy. Tracheal agenesis, is a rare birth defect in which the trachea fails to develop. The defect is usually fatal though sometimes surgical intervention has been successful. A tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital defect in which the trachea and esophagus are abnormally connected. Sometimes as an anatomical variation one or more of the tracheal rings are completely formed. These "O" rings are smaller than the normal C-shaped and can cause narrowing of the trachea resulting in breathing difficulties. An operation called a "slide tracheoplasty" can be performed which opens up the rings and rejoins
Traditional Chinese medicines derived from the human body being are no more used medically, it seems rude to list them as drugs." Note the medical terms "dystocia" "A slow or difficult labor or delivery" and "stranguria" (i.e., "strangury" "A painful, frequent need to urinate, when the bladder is largely empty or with little urine production"). Reflecting the well-known Confucianist inhibition against mutilating one's body (Cooper & Sivin 1973: 212), Li Shizhen's preface to chapter 52 ethically condemns the use of some human drugs. The human is a different species from all the other organisms used as sources of drugs. In later times, Taoist alchemists [方伎之士] considered that many