Buccinator muscle refer in Roman antiquity to a crooked horn or trumpet, a shepherd's horn or a war-trumpet. Despite its similarity to the classical Latin name for cheek, i.e. bucca, the words "bucinator", "bucina", and "bucinere" (to blow the bucina) are not related to "bucca", hence some disapproved the spelling "buccinator". Although the name "bucinator" is not derived from "bucca", this muscle is also called "musculus buccae" or "musculus buccalis" in Latin and muscle of the cheek in English. The most recent official Latin anatomic nomenclature ("Terminologia Anatomica"), and preceding editions ("Nomina Anatomica") Buccinator muscle The buccinator ( ) is a thin
Human body the ideal proportions of the male nude. In the Italian Renaissance, artists from Piero della Francesca (c. 1415–1492) onwards, including Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) and his collaborator Luca Pacioli (c. 1447–1517), learnt and wrote about the rules of art, including visual perspective and the proportions of the human body. In Ancient Greece, the "Hippocratic Corpus" described the anatomy of the skeleton and muscles. The 2nd century physician Galen of Pergamum compiled classical knowledge of anatomy into a text that was used throughout the Middle Ages. In the Renaissance, Andreas Vesalius (1514–1564) pioneered the modern study of human anatomy by dissection,