History of the National Health Service He established the State Medical Service Association which held its first meeting in 1912 and continued to exist until it was replaced by the Socialist Medical Association in 1930. Before the National Health Service was created in 1948, patients were generally required to pay for their health care. Free treatment was sometimes available from Voluntary Hospitals. Some local authorities operated hospitals for local ratepayers (under a system originating with the Poor Law). The London County Council (LCC) on 1 April 1930 took over from the abolished Metropolitan Asylums Board responsibility for 140 hospitals, medical schools and other medical institutions. The
Turkish organised crime in Great Britain Turkish organised crime in Great Britain Turkish organised crime in Great Britain has been prevalent in the country since the early 90s when the Arifs controlled London's underworld for a brief time. Since the fall of the Taliban during the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan, it has been speculated that the lifting of the ban on opium cultivation may become a highly lucrative trade for Turkish criminal organizations who already control the smuggling and distribution of heroin. However, while concerned over the importation of cheap heroin due to Afghanistan's resumption of growing poppies, the National Criminal Intelligence Service and British police