National Animal Identification System hold one or more heads of livestock including horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, deer and camels, though the NLIS will not confirm ownership of livestock. The system originates from a cattle-tracing system introduced in Australia in the 1960s to help fight bovine tuberculosis. The Australian system has over 11,000,000 phantom livestock in the system that do not exist. This system costs farmers money because of the increased handling time and lost margins when tags do not match in the system resulting in lower payments to farmers. New Zealand is planning a similar National Animal Identification and Tracing system. National Animal
Astor markhor National Park in order to protect the Astor markhor and other mammals such as the snow leopard and the brown bear. In Pakistan, the Astor markhor is present in a number of different wildlife sanctuaries, including the Naltar Wildlife Sanctuary in the northern part of the country. Astor markhor The Astor markhor or flare-horned markhor ("Capra falconeri falconeri") is a subspecies of the markhor, native to Kashmir and northern Pakistan. To the west it reaches the easternmost parts of Afghanistan. The range of the Astor markhor is very scattered. At one time considered an "endangered species", conservation efforts have had