Ceiling fan be used to reduce the stratification of warm air in a room by forcing it down to affect both occupants' sensations and thermostat readings, thereby improving climate control energy efficiency. Punkah-type ceiling fans date back to 500 BC, and are native to India. Unlike modern rotary fans, these punkah fans move air by moving to and fro, and were operated manually by cord. The first rotary ceiling fans appeared in the early 1860s and 1870s in the United States. At that time, they were not powered by any form of electric motor. Instead, a stream of running water was used,
Nasal reconstruction using a paramedian forehead flap the brow, all of the skin borders are incised and the flap is carefully released. The full-thickness flap is then sutured into the defect without tension. Three to four weeks later, when the full thickness forehead flap is well healed at the recipient site, the second stage begins. The skin of the flap and 3–4 mm of subcutaneous fat is elevated. The underlying excess of soft tissue is then excised and the remaining healed tissue is sculpted in an ideal nasal subunit. The flap is then resutured to the recipient site. This stage is completely identical to the second stage