Ceiling fan be used to reduce the stratification of warm air in a room by forcing it down to affect both occupants' sensations and thermostat readings, thereby improving climate control energy efficiency. Punkah-type ceiling fans date back to 500 BC, and are native to India. Unlike modern rotary fans, these punkah fans move air by moving to and fro, and were operated manually by cord. The first rotary ceiling fans appeared in the early 1860s and 1870s in the United States. At that time, they were not powered by any form of electric motor. Instead, a stream of running water was used,
Nasal reconstruction using a paramedian forehead flap of the two stage forehead flap. For an optimal aesthetic result a difficult nose reconstruction is often followed by revision surgery. There are different types of revisions: minor revisions, major revisions and reoperations. Revisions are done not sooner than eight months after completion of the primary forehead flap technique. The goal of nasal reconstruction is to look as normal as possible after reconstruction. The results of nasal reconstruction using the paramedian forehead flap are quite good, although some patients report functional difficulties. Airway passage difficulties, mucosal crusts, dry mucosa, and difficulties with smelling are uncommon. A minority of the patients