Raymond Hawkey time at the Royal College of Art Hawkey first encountered Len Deighton when Deighton (another RCA scholarship student at that time) gatecrashed a literary party that Hawkey was helping to organise. Instead of ejecting the intruder, Hawkey found much in common with him and they became "lifelong friends" (Dempsey, "ibid"). In 1962, Hawkey was Deighton's choice to design the cover of his first novel "The IPCRESS File", which some regard as the template for the covers of all subsequent airport novels. He went on to design covers for Deighton's books, including "Horse Under Water", "Funeral in Berlin" and "The Action
The Stranger (Camus novel) Bureau offered to help. The book was eventually published in June 1942 – 4,400 copies of it were printed. Gallimard first published the original French-language novel in 1942. A British author, Stuart Gilbert, first translated "L’Étranger" into English in 1946; for more than thirty years his version was the standard English translation. Gilbert's choice of title, "The Stranger", was changed by Hamish Hamilton to "The Outsider", because they considered it "more striking and appropriate" and because Maria Kuncewiczowa's Polish novel "Cudzoziemka" had recently been published in London as "The Stranger". In the United States, Knopf had already typeset the manuscript