Mediterranean Sea 5.33 mya); "see" animation: Africa-Arabia colliding with Eurasia. Accordingly, the Mediterranean basin consists of several stretched tectonic plates in subduction which are the foundation of the Eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea. Various zones of subduction harbour and form the deepest and most majestic oceanic ridges, east of the Ionian Sea and south of the Aegean. The Central Indian Ridge runs East of the Mediterranean Sea South-East across the in-between of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula into the Indian Ocean. During Mesozoic and Cenozoic times, as the northwest corner of Africa converged on Iberia, it lifted the Betic-Rif mountain belts
Book of the Consulate of the Sea called " Ordinacions de Ribera", which established norms for policing harbours and coastal waters." The merit of the "Book of the Consulate of the Sea" is that it is the first work to collect the scattered laws and customs of Roman, Greek, Byzantine, Rhodian, Italian, French and Spanish maritime rights"." Until the publication of the " Ordonnance de la Marine " in France in 1681, the "Book of the Consulate of the Sea" was the code of maritime law in force throughout the Mediterranean. In Spain it continued in use until the introduction of the Spanish "Commercial Code." "The Book