Duchy of Massa and Carrara 1851, thanks to the English engineer and tycoon William Walton. In 1846 the Count Francesco del Medico proposed to the Duke Francis V the construction of the Marble Railway of Carrara, to link the marble quarries to the sea and thereby facilitating the transport of blocks to the areas for sorting, loading, and shipping. This project was also suspended for lack of funds. The Marble Railway was finally built after the Italian unification (1871–1890). In the last years of the duchy, an increasing number of clashes was seen between the liberals and the ducal government, especially in Carrara. The territory
Grand Ducal Crown of Tuscany is only known from drawings and paintings, since it was lost during the Napoleonic Occupation. A copy of the crown was placed in the coffin of each of the Grand Dukes at their funerals. One of these, which belonged to Gian Gastone de' Medici (r. 1723-1737) was recovered during a survey of the corpse and is now conserved in Florence. Grand Ducal Crown of Tuscany The Grand Ducal Crown of Tuscany (Italian: "corona del Granducato di Toscana") was a ducal crown created by the Medicean Grand Dukes of Tuscany. Cosimo I de' Medici, duke of Florence, sought to achieve a