Prodrug not its intended target. This reduces adverse or unintended effects of a drug, especially important in treatments like chemotherapy, which can have severe unintended and undesirable side effects. Many herbal extracts historically used in medicine contain glycosides (sugar derivatives) of the active agent, which are hydrolyzed in the intestines to release the active and more bioavailable aglycone. For example, salicin is a β-D-glucopyranoside that is cleaved by esterases to release salicylic acid. Aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid, first made by Felix Hoffmann at Bayer in 1897, is a synthetic prodrug of salicylic acid. However, in other cases, such as codeine and morphine,
The Indian in the Cupboard year", "The Indian in the Cupboard" has received several literary awards across the years and is becoming regarded as a classic in children's literature. A list of the awards received is as follows: Because of the varying opinions on the subject matter and portrayal of Native Americans in the novel, the quality of the book is largely subjective. While it can be argued that the stereotypes perpetuated by the novel are unforgivable, advocates for book praise the novel on aspects of convincing characters, reader captivation and enchantment, and keeping in touch with young readers, among other things. The second book