Ceiling fan be used to reduce the stratification of warm air in a room by forcing it down to affect both occupants' sensations and thermostat readings, thereby improving climate control energy efficiency. Punkah-type ceiling fans date back to 500 BC, and are native to India. Unlike modern rotary fans, these punkah fans move air by moving to and fro, and were operated manually by cord. The first rotary ceiling fans appeared in the early 1860s and 1870s in the United States. At that time, they were not powered by any form of electric motor. Instead, a stream of running water was used,
Spiders of Australia "Maratus pavonis". The "spicatus" group includes three very small species. Males rear their colourful fan and wave it from side to side but do not extend legs III as they display to females. The "tasmanicus" group includes two closely related species, one southeastern and one southwestern. Males have a large triangular fan with lobate flaps, each flap bearing a large black spot. The "velutinus" group have a velvety-black fan with elongated, black dorsal scales. The "volans" group contains three of the most colourful peacock spiders. Males of all three species have a large, fringed fan with distinctive figures consisting of