Single-port laparoscopy Single-port laparoscopy Single-port laparoscopy (SPL), is a recently developed technique in laparoscopic surgery. It is a minimally invasive surgical procedure in which the surgeon operates almost exclusively through a single entry point, typically the patient’s navel. Unlike a traditional multi-port laparoscopic approach, SPL leaves only a single small scar. SPL is accomplished through a single 20 mm incision in the navel (umbilicus or belly button), or through only a 11 mm incision in the navel, minimizing the scarring and incisional pain associated with the multiple points of entry used during traditional laparoscopic surgery. Specialized equipment for SPL surgery falls into
Cultural views on the navel applied to the navel of infants as a remedy for stomach aches. The Gonds, a tribe from central India, apply "Gloriosa superba" rhizome extract over the navel and vagina to cause labour pain and perform normal delivery. According to Ayurveda, the navel is an important site in the human body. Nearly 72,000 subtle nerves, or "nadis" converge in this area. By the principles of Ayurveda and yoga, the human body is made up of six "chakras", with the "Manipura chakra" located at the spine directly behind either the navel or the solar plexus, depending on the system, while its "kshetram",