International Committee of the Red Cross were founded in nearly every country in Europe. The project resonated well with patriotic sentiments that were on the rise in the late-nineteenth-century, and national societies were often encouraged as signifiers of national moral superiority. In 1876, the committee adopted the name "International Committee of the Red Cross" (ICRC), which is still its official designation today. Five years later, the American Red Cross was founded through the efforts of Clara Barton. More and more countries signed the Geneva Convention and began to respect it in practice during armed conflicts. In a rather short period of time, the Red Cross gained
International Red Cross Committee of Nanking Hospital to help care for the wounded who poured in. Mary Twinem, "née" Fine (費馬利), or Mrs. Paul de Witt-Twinem, taught at Kwang-hwa High School, where she was one of Soong Mei-ling's teacher. An American from Trenton, New Jersey, she was later naturalized as a Chinese citizen and considered herself Chinese. International Red Cross Committee of Nanking During the Japanese-led Nanking Massacre, the International Red Cross established a contingent in the city to coordinate the humanitarian aid effort. Below is listed their responsibilities, and/or their mini-biographies if known and not already linked above: John Magee was an Episcopalian minister and