Fan (machine) the airflow from the fans. Thus, fans may become ineffective at cooling the body if the surrounding air is near body temperature and contains high humidity. The punkah fan was used in India about 500 BCE. It was a handheld fan made from bamboo strips or other plant fibre, that could be rotated or fanned to move air. During British rule, the word came to be used by Anglo-Indians to mean a large swinging flat fan, fixed to the ceiling, and pulled by a servant, called the punkawallah. For purposes of air conditioning, the Han Dynasty craftsman and engineer Ding
Nasal reconstruction using a paramedian forehead flap of the two stage forehead flap. For an optimal aesthetic result a difficult nose reconstruction is often followed by revision surgery. There are different types of revisions: minor revisions, major revisions and reoperations. Revisions are done not sooner than eight months after completion of the primary forehead flap technique. The goal of nasal reconstruction is to look as normal as possible after reconstruction. The results of nasal reconstruction using the paramedian forehead flap are quite good, although some patients report functional difficulties. Airway passage difficulties, mucosal crusts, dry mucosa, and difficulties with smelling are uncommon. A minority of the patients