Ceiling fan be used to reduce the stratification of warm air in a room by forcing it down to affect both occupants' sensations and thermostat readings, thereby improving climate control energy efficiency. Punkah-type ceiling fans date back to 500 BC, and are native to India. Unlike modern rotary fans, these punkah fans move air by moving to and fro, and were operated manually by cord. The first rotary ceiling fans appeared in the early 1860s and 1870s in the United States. At that time, they were not powered by any form of electric motor. Instead, a stream of running water was used,
Nasal reconstruction using a paramedian forehead flap frontalis muscle and subcutaneous tissue are excised, this is done for 1.5 to 2 cm. Then more downwards the disscection goes through the muscle and over the periosteum. When reaching the brow, all of the skin borders are incised and the flap is carefully released. As soon as the flap reaches the defect without tension further incision of the flap is stopped and the flap is inset into the area of the defect. This is done using a single layer of fine suture. The second stage is three to four weeks later, when the flap is well healed at the