Christiania Theatre Laura Gundersen in 1849. The foundation of the first Norwegian theatre in Oslo, Christiania Norwegian Theatre in 1852, was but a temporary rival, as it was forced to close down in 1862. The theatre was a result of the controversy surrounding the Norwegian and Danish languages and was created as a counterpoint to the Danish language dominated Christiania Theatre. Henrik Ibsen was artistic director of the Christiania Norwegian Theatre from the autumn of 1857 and served as the theatre leading director until its bankruptcy in 1862. From 1856, the Christiania Theatre promised to employ native actors. In 1872, Norwegian became
Indonesian future capital city proposal ceremonial center of politics and administration, was located inland in Trowulan. The 17th century Javanese Mataram Sultanate is also known to have moved its capital several times; from Kotagede to Kartasura, and later to Surakarta and Yogyakarta. The Dutch colonial settlement of Batavia was established in 1621. Initially, it was a European-styled walled city crisscrossed by Dutch-style canals located in a low-lying coastal swamp area. The poor sanitation and poor water drainage system made the city unhealthy, infested with malaria, cholera, and dysentry. In 1808, Daendels decided to quit the by-then dilapidated and unhealthy Old Town. A new town center