Terephthalic acid Terephthalic acid Terephthalic acid is an organic compound with formula CH(COH). This white solid is a commodity chemical, used principally as a precursor to the polyester PET, used to make clothing and plastic bottles. Several million tonnes are produced annually. The common name is derived from the turpentine-producing tree "Pistacia terebinthus" and phthalic acid. Terephthalic acid was first isolated (from turpentine) by the French chemist Amédée Cailliot (1805–1884) in 1846. Terephthalic acid became industrially important after World War II. Terephthalic acid was produced by oxidation of "p"-xylene with dilute nitric acid. Air oxidation of "p"-xylene gives "p"-toluic acid, which resists
Hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid range of diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The chemiluminescence of the system luminol/cobalt(II) chloride is dramatically enhanced by the addition of hydroxylamine-"O"-sulfonic acid. Hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid Hydroxylamine-"O"-sulfonic acid ("HOSA") is the inorganic compound with molecular formula HNOS that is formed by the sulfonation of hydroxylamine with oleum. It is a white, water-soluble and hygroscopic, solid, commonly represented by the condensed structural formula HNOSOH, though it actually exists as a zwitterion and thus is more accurately represented as HNOSO. It is used as a reagent for the introduction of amine groups (–NH), for the conversion of aldehydes into nitriles and alicyclic ketones into