Navel changes to diet and exercise, unexpected change in shape may be the result of ascites. In addition to change in shape being a possible side effect from ascites and umbilical hernias, the navel can be involved in umbilical sinus or fistula, which in rare cases can lead to menstrual or fecal discharge from the navel. Menstrual discharge from the umbilicus is a rare disorder associated with umbilical endometriosis. To minimize scarring, the navel is a recommended site of incision for various surgeries, including transgastric appendicectomy, gall bladder surgery, and the umbilicoplasty procedure itself. Abdominal thrusts is a first aid method
Navel fetishism while describing the beauty of Hindu Goddesses. During 1970, a short lived "Belly Button Magazine" having only two issues recovered by The Kinsey Institute had descriptions of penetrative belly button intercourse and sexual images of physical acts towards belly buttons. In 2011, MTJ Publishing which publishes adult comics released a bellybutton focused series, "Navel Maneuvers 1: Bellybutton-Tickling Erotica" In 2014, a Kindle erotica eBook titled "Bellybutton Fetish: Erotic and naughty stories for bellybutton lovers" was published online through Amazon Digital Services, Inc. In the same year, MTJ Publishing released a second edition of the Navel Maneuvers series. Navel fetishism often