United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan to monitor the peace and demobilization. The mission was headquartered in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. Tajikistan was in a state of political turmoil for months after the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic declared independence from the Soviet Union in September 1991. The United Tajik Opposition, an alliance of democratic, liberal and Islamic forces were able to take power in mid-1992 for a short time, after which Emomali Sharipani Ramona's government forces were able to regain control militarily. According to the United Nations, "by mid-1993, in a country of under 6 million, an estimated 50,000 people, mostly civilians, had been killed, some 600,000 had
Anthem of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic independence was declared, its melody was still used until 1996. Except, there were no lyrics in the new version. Anthem of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic The "State Anthem of the Turkmen SSR" was adopted in 1946 and used until 1991 by the Turkmen SSR. When Turkmenistan became an independent state in 1991, it was retained until 1996 with no lyrics (the Soviet-era lyrics were discontinued). It was used from 1946 to 1996. The music was composed by Veli Mukhatov, who also composed the current national anthem of Turkmenistan; and the lyrics were written by Aman Kekilov and a group