Turbine waterwheels. Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. Credit for invention of the steam turbine is given both to Anglo-Irish engineer Sir Charles Parsons (1854–1931) for invention of the reaction turbine, and to Swedish engineer Gustaf de Laval (1845–1913) for invention of the impulse turbine. Modern steam turbines frequently employ both reaction and impulse in the same unit, typically varying the degree of reaction and impulse from the blade root to its periphery. The word "turbine" was coined in 1822 by the French mining engineer Claude Burdin from the
Engineer Battery Battery guarding the northern edge of Rosia Bay and two nearby magazines. but by 1897 the battery had three 12 pounder QF guns. Engineer Battery Engineer Battery was an artillery battery in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. Engineer Battery was at the southern end of the Line Wall Curtain which starts at the North Bastion. The battery was at the end of what was the fortification wall for the western coast of the town which protected it from bombardment by ships in the Bay of Gibraltar. The Line Wall Curtain, as it stands, was built by the British in