History of variational principles in physics involves integrals over an interval of time and (for fields) extended region of space. Moreover, in the usual formulation of classical action principles, the initial and final states of the system are fixed, e.g., In particular, the fixing of the "final" state appears to give the action principle a teleological character which has been controversial historically. This apparent teleology is eliminated in the quantum mechanical version of the action principle. History of variational principles in physics A variational principle in physics is an alternative method for determining the state or dynamics of a physical system, by identifying it as an
Minimum Wage in Germany Minimum Wage in Germany Germany’s minimum wage legislation - "Gesetz zur Regelung eines allgemeinen Mindestlohns" - was introduced, on January 1, 2014, by Merkel’s third cabinet, composed of a coalition between the SPD – the social democratic party - and the CDU – the conservative party. The implementation of a minimum wage was the SPD’s main request during the coalition’s negotiations. Indeed, it was its central electoral promise during the 2013 federal elections’ campaign, to replace negotiated wages within branches that were previously set below the current minimum wage, Initially, the minimum wage was set to 8.50€. Its amount is