Turbine waterwheels. Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. Credit for invention of the steam turbine is given both to Anglo-Irish engineer Sir Charles Parsons (1854–1931) for invention of the reaction turbine, and to Swedish engineer Gustaf de Laval (1845–1913) for invention of the impulse turbine. Modern steam turbines frequently employ both reaction and impulse in the same unit, typically varying the degree of reaction and impulse from the blade root to its periphery. The word "turbine" was coined in 1822 by the French mining engineer Claude Burdin from the
Camosun (steamship) Steamship Company on July 4, 1905. The vessel had a license to carry 199 passengers on coastal voyages, and had a crew of 38. The initial route on which the vessel was placed ran from Vancouver to Stewart, British Columbia via Alert Bay, Bella Coola, Bella Bella, Port Essington, the Skeena River, Port Simpson and the Nass River. Prince Rupert did not then exist, and the ship anchored at a landing float at Stewart, as no wharf had yet been built there. When Prince Rupert was founded, in 1906, "Camosun" was the first passenger ship to call at the new