History of the telephone patents, however, were commercially decisive, because they dominated telephone technology and were upheld by court decisions in the United States. The modern telephone is the result of work of many people. Alexander Graham Bell was, however, the first to patent the telephone, as an "apparatus for transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically". Bell has most often been credited as the inventor of the first practical telephone. However, in Germany Johann Philipp Reis is seen as a leading telephone pioneer who stopped only just short of a successful device, and as well the Italian-American inventor and businessman Antonio Meucci has been
Condenser telephone (copper or steel) circuit for both legs of the circuit. This basic telephone circuit was known as a Buzzer, or more commonly, a Condenser Telephone Circuit. A patent registered by François van Rysselberghe (1846-1893) in 1882 is thought to be the original invention of the basis of the phonopore (condensor) method. The technique was developed and improved by Charles Langdon-Davies in 1890, particularly with the invention of a method to call between phones Patents were lodged for improved versions of instruments for commercial use including one lodged by Ellis F Frost in 1902. The system worked over a single aerial