Geography of Tajikistan has headwaters in Afghanistan and Tajikistan. The other neighbors are the former Soviet republics of Uzbekistan (to the west and the north) and Kyrgyzstan (to the north). The lower elevations of Tajikistan are divided into northern and southern regions by a complex of three mountain chains that constitute the westernmost extension of the massive Tian Shan system. Running essentially parallel from east to west, the chains are the Turkestan, Zeravshan (Zarafshan), and Hisor (Gissar) mountains. The last of these lies just north of the capital, Dushanbe, which is situated in west-central Tajikistan. More than half of Tajikistan lies above an
Independence Day (Tajikistan) towards independence. For example, it is the fifth article that had given the Supreme Council of the Republic the authority to stop the action of the documents of the USSR, which contradicted the legal rights in Tajikistan." After the failed coup organized by the State Committee on the State of Emergency (19–21 August 1991), supporters of the conservative forces of the CPSU in Moscow, in the national republics began processes proclamation of national independence. This event led to the discontent of the national-democratic and Islamic forces in Tajikistan, who fought against the Communist Party of Tajikistan, which has been ruling