Mind–body dualism point into the traditionally viewed closed system, where a scientifically described physically probable/improbable event could be philosophically described as an action of a non-physical entity on physical reality. He states, however, that none of the arguments in his book will rely on this. It should also be noted that, while some interpretations of quantum mechanics consider wave function collapse to be indeterminate, in others this event is defined and deterministic. The argument from physics is closely related to the argument from causal interaction. Many physicists and consciousness researchers have argued that any action of a nonphysical mind on the brain
Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine 1986. The ACPSEM facilitates training and professional accreditation for practising medical physicists in Australia and New Zealand. This includes significant support for the TEAP training program for medical physics trainees. The ACPSEM also promotes education and research into the biomedical applications of physics, mathematics, engineering and computing. The ACPSEM has an official scientific journal, Australasian Physical & Engineering Sciences in Medicine, which is published 4 times a year. The ACPSEM holds an annual Engineering and Physical Sciences in Medicine conference, and has done every year since 1961. The ACPSEM is governed by an elected board known as the ACPSEM Council,