Dirac equation in the algebra of physical space Dirac equation in the algebra of physical space The Dirac equation, as the relativistic equation that describes spin 1/2 particles in quantum mechanics, can be written in terms of the Algebra of physical space (APS), which is a case of a Clifford algebra or geometric algebra that is based on the use of paravectors. The Dirac equation in APS, including the electromagnetic interaction, reads Another form of the Dirac equation in terms of the Space time algebra was given earlier by David Hestenes. In general, the Dirac equation in the formalism of geometric algebra has the advantage of providing a
Amount in controversy authority with the Virginia Circuit Court to try cases involving sums above $4,500 and up to $25,000. The Virginia Circuit Court, in turn, has exclusive jurisdiction where the amount in controversy is greater than $25,000. A few states like California have decided that it is more efficient to unify all trial courts so that judges and support staff can be more easily reassigned where needed. However, in California, nearly all lawsuits involving an amount in controversy up to $25,000 are classified as "limited civil actions," which are subject to special simplified procedural rules intended to hold down litigation costs. Amount