English claims to the French throne their realms as listed in their titles and styles, and the French fleur-de-lys were included in the royal arms. This continued until 1801, by which time France had no monarch, having become a republic. Following an episode of insanity on the part of Henry VI of England in 1453 and the subsequent outbreak of the Wars of the Roses (1455–87), the English were no longer in any position to pursue their claim to the French throne and lost all their land on the continent, except for Calais. Calais was ruled by eight more English Kings and Queens of France until
Line of succession to the former Russian throne On August 8, 1922, Nicholas was proclaimed as the emperor of all Russia by the "Zemsky Sobor" of the Priamursk region, convened in Vladivostok by General Mikhail Diterikhs. At the time, Grand Duke Nicholas was already living abroad and consequently was not present at the "Sobor". Two months later the Priamursk region fell to the Bolsheviks. Nicholas and Dmitri never publicly proclaimed themselves pretenders, but Cyril Vladimirovich assumed on 8 August 1922 the position of "curator of the throne". On 31 August 1924 he proclaimed himself Cyril I, Emperor of all the Russias. With the assumption of the Imperial title