19th-century London of the Thames from the City of London westwards experienced a flurry of bridge-building during the 19th century, improving overland communication to South London. At the turn of the 19th century there were only three existing bridges in Central London: Westminster Bridge, Blackfriars Bridge, and the ancient London Bridge. Beyond Westminster, the closest bridge was that of Battersea, three miles upstream from Westminster Bridge. All four were demolished and rebuilt over the course of the century (completed in 1862, 1869, 1831,and 1885 respectively). In addition, a slew of new bridges for road, pedestrian, and railway traffic were built: Southwark Bridge
Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Southwark Thames itself, forming the northern boundary of the borough. A sign posted riverside trail forms a walkway for both pedestrians and cyclists. The Bankside Open Spaces Trust is funded to manage some parks and open spaces in the north of the Borough. Local Nature Reserves in the borough are Dulwich Upper Wood, Lavender Pond, Nunhead Cemetery, One Tree Hill and Sydenham Hill Wood and Fern Bank. Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Southwark The London Borough of Southwark, occupying a roughly triangular area south of Tower Bridge over the River Thames, considers itself to be one of