Hepatic encephalopathy a fluid sample with a needle) may be required to identify spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). The severity of hepatic encephalopathy is graded with the West Haven Criteria; this is based on the level of impairment of autonomy, changes in consciousness, intellectual function, behavior, and the dependence on therapy. A classification of hepatic encephalopathy was introduced at the World Congress of Gastroenterology 1998 in Vienna. According to this classification, hepatic encephalopathy is subdivided in type A, B and C depending on the underlying cause. The term "minimal encephalopathy" (MHE) is defined as encephalopathy that does not lead to clinically overt cognitive
Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees the temporal and geographic restrictions. This was needed in the historical context of refugee flows resulting from decolonisation. However, the Protocol gave those states which had previously ratified the 1951 Convention and chosen to use the geographically restricted definition the option to retain that restriction. Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees The Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees is a key treaty in international refugee law. It entered into force on 4 October 1967, and 146 countries are parties. Where the 1951 United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees had restricted refugee status to those whose