Earl Marshal of the College of Arms, the body concerned with all matters of genealogy and heraldry. In conjunction with the Lord High Constable, he had held a court, known as the Court of Chivalry, for the administration of justice in accordance with the law of arms, which was concerned with many subjects relating to military matters, such as ransom, booty and soldiers' wages, and including the misuse of armorial bearings. In 1672, the office of Marshal of England and the title of Earl Marshal of England were made hereditary in the Howard family. In a declaration made on 16 June 1673
Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland is the Vice-Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland. Marshal: Marshals of the Senate existed as early as the Duchy of Warsaw (19th century). In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the role was performed by the Grand Crown Marshals. The office was interrupted by German invasion of Poland in 1939 and not reinstated in People's Republic of Poland. Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland The Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland () is a presiding officer of the Senate of Poland. He or she is also third person according to the Polish order of