History of coal miners inventiveness in clothing their families. Mining has always been dangerous, because of methane gas explosions, roof cave-ins, and the difficulty of mines rescue. The worst single disaster in British coal mining history was at Senghenydd in the South Wales coalfield. On the morning of 14 October 1913 an explosion and subsequent fire killed 436 men and boys. It followed a series of many extensive Mining accidents such as The Oaks explosion of 1866 and the Hartley Colliery Disaster of 1862. Most of the explosions were caused by firedamp ignitions followed by coal dust explosions. Deaths were mainly caused by carbon
Gas gangrene as a degree of loud and distinctive crepitus caused by gas escaping the necrotic tissue. Gas gangrene is caused by exotoxin-producing "Clostridium" species (most often "C. perfringens", and "C. novyi", but less commonly "C. septicum" or "C. ramnosum"), which are mostly found in soil, but also found as normal gut flora, and other anaerobes (e.g., "Bacteroides" and anaerobic streptococci). The exotoxin is commonly found in "C. perfringens" type A strain and is known as alpha toxin. This alpha toxin is a lethal toxin and also known as phospholipase C (lecithinase). It increases vascular permeability and produces necrotizing activity. These environmental