19th-century London (1819), Waterloo Bridge (1817), the Hungerford Bridge (opened in 1845 as a footbridge, and converted in 1859 into a combination footbridge/railway bridge for Charing Cross Station), and Tower Bridge (1894). Further upriver, the new bridges included Lambeth Bridge (1862), which replaced a centuries-old cross-river ferry service, Vauxhall Bridge (opened 1816), Victoria Bridge (opened in 1858 and later renamed the Chelsea Bridge), and Wandsworth Bridge (1873). The impetus for this building was London's massive population growth, which put a constant strain on existing communications between the north and south banks. London Bridge remained the city's busiest artery for the entire century,
Kew Bridge Wood (1848–1918), who lived in Chiswick between 1897 and 1908, painted "", portraying passengers embarking from the river transport service at Kew Pier in front of the second bridge. Chiswick Local Studies Library has a painting "Kew Bridge and Strand-on-the-Green" attributed to Smyth Watson and also "Strand-on-the-Green and Kew Bridge" by an unknown artist. Hounslow Local Studies Library has "Kew Bridge" by James Isaiah Lewis, painted in about 1900. Kew Bridge Kew Bridge is a Grade II listed bridge over the River Thames in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames and the London Borough of Hounslow. The present bridge,