Kris culture. In "Yingya Shenglan"—a record about Zheng He's expedition (1405–1433)—Ma Huan describes that This Chinese account also reported that public execution by stabbing using this type of dagger is common. Majapahit knows no caning for major or minor punishment. They tied the guilty men's hands in the back with rattan rope and paraded them for a few paces, and then stabbed the offender one or two times in the back on the gap between the floating ribs, which resulted in severe bleeding and instant death. Currently, the Kris of Knaud is the oldest known surviving kris in the world. Given
Kris Mataram June 1940 in Rex Theatre, Batavia (modern-day Jakarta). "Kris Mataram" was targeted at lower-class audiences. Biran writes that its audiences were mostly those who enjoyed the traditional "toneel" stage plays, partly because of the film's reliance on Young to attract viewers. "Kris Mataram" is likely a lost film. The American visual anthropologist Karl G. Heider writes that all Indonesian films from before 1950 are lost. However, JB Kristanto's "Katalog Film Indonesia" ("Indonesian Film Catalogue") records several as having survived at Sinematek Indonesia's archives, and Biran writes that several Japanese propaganda films have survived at the Netherlands Government Information Service. Footnotes