Benito Mussolini Mussolini was rescued from captivity in the Gran Sasso raid by German paratroopers and "Waffen-SS" commandos led by Major Otto-Harald Mors. Adolf Hitler, after meeting with the rescued former dictator, then put Mussolini in charge of a puppet regime in northern Italy, the Italian Social Republic (, RSI), informally known as the "Salò Republic". In late April 1945, in the wake of near total defeat, Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci attempted to flee to Switzerland, but both were captured by Italian communist partisans and summarily executed by firing squad on 28 April 1945 near Lake Como. His body was
Terrorism in Italy since 1945 Terrorism in Italy since 1945 Terrorism in Italy from 1945 To Date is a book written by Giovanni Pellegrino, an Italian lawyer and politician. It discusses the political situation in Italy from the revival of democracy in 1945 until the present day. Giovanni Pellegrino, who for many years was President of the Italian Parliamentary Commission on Terrorism and an expert on terrorism in Italy, opined that in Italy there was a low-intensity civil war, beginning from 1945 to date between the West and Eastern Europe (between democracy and communism). This 'war' reached its peaked between 1945–1949 - right after World