Edward Walker (officer of arms) neither Walker nor Bysshe (who had been appointed Clarenceux) took any steps to comply. The Commissioners let matters go at that, but in 1672 Charles II revived the office of hereditary Earl Marshal in the Howard family, giving it to Henry Earl of Norwich, later Duke of Norfolk. The new Earl Marshal was not a man to be trifled with, and very shortly made an order, said to have been drafted by Dugdale, with which he required Walkers compliance. Walker was so ill-advised as to petition the Privy Council claiming a right to grant arms independently of the Earl Marshal’s
Marshal 1219, people throughout Europe (not just England) referred to William Marshal simply as "the marshal". The office of hereditary Marshal (or Earl Marshal) thus evolved into that of a Great Officer of State. The task of maintaining law and order within the King's Court then devolved upon the office of Knight Marshal (established in 1236). Together with his officers, the King's (or Queen's) Marshalmen, the Knight Marshal continued to have restricted powers of arrest within a radius of the sovereign's palace until 1846, when the office was abolished. In 1595, Queen Elizabeth I issued letters patent giving powers to a