Mind–body dualism point into the traditionally viewed closed system, where a scientifically described physically probable/improbable event could be philosophically described as an action of a non-physical entity on physical reality. He states, however, that none of the arguments in his book will rely on this. It should also be noted that, while some interpretations of quantum mechanics consider wave function collapse to be indeterminate, in others this event is defined and deterministic. The argument from physics is closely related to the argument from causal interaction. Many physicists and consciousness researchers have argued that any action of a nonphysical mind on the brain
Interaction information Interaction information The interaction information (McGill 1954), or amounts of information (Hu Kuo Ting, 1962) or co-information (Bell 2003) or information interaction (Licina 2017) is one of several generalizations of the mutual information. In fact, the definition of interaction information is identical to that of multivariate mutual information except for a change in sign in the case of an odd number of random variables except in the work of Licina where information is more like a physical entitiy. Interaction information expresses the amount information (redundancy or synergy) bound up in a set of variables, "beyond" that which is present in