Panel painting uses heated wax as the medium for the pigments. This was replaced before the end of first millennium by tempera, which uses an egg-yolk medium. Using small brushes dipped in a mixture of pigment and egg-yolk, the paint was applied in very small, almost transparent, brushstrokes. Thin layers of paint would be used to create volumetric forms. By the beginning of the 15th century, oil painting was developed. This was more tolerant, and allowed the exceptional detail of Early Netherlandish art. This used a very painstaking multi-layered technique, where the painting, or a particular part of it, had to be
Frank (given name) Frank (given name) Frank is a masculine given name. Ultimately from the Germanic tribal name of the Franks, in the early medieval Frankish Empire, the status of being "a Frank" became synonymous with that of a free man; hence also the English adjective "frank" (Middle English, from Old French "franc", 12th century). Use as a given name seems to arise already in the Carolingian period; the Old High German form "Francho, Franko" is on record from the 8th century. While "Frank" is a given name in its own right, in fact reflecting the Old Frankish form "*Frank", the given name