Categories of New Testament manuscripts text (i.e. the four Gospels combined into a single narrative). Categories of New Testament manuscripts New Testament manuscripts in Greek are categorized into five groups, according to a scheme introduced in 1981 by Kurt and Barbara Aland in "The text of the New Testament". The categories are based on how each manuscript relates to the various text-types. Generally speaking, earlier Alexandrian manuscripts are category I, while later Byzantine manuscripts are category V. Aland's method involved considering 1000 passages where the Byzantine text differs from non-Byzantine text. The Alands did not select their 1000 readings from all of the NT books;
Quotations from the Hebrew Bible in the New Testament of Moses. Other quotations are sometimes made directly from the Hebrew text (e.g. , , ). When the New Testament was written, the Old Testament was not divided into chapters and verses, and there is therefore no uniform standard for these quotes and the authors had to provide contextual references: Quotations from the Hebrew Bible in the New Testament There are in all two hundred and eighty-three direct quotations from the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) in the New Testament. In about ninety instances, the Septuagint is literally quoted. In around eighty further instances, the quote is altered in some way.