Rienzi in April/May 2009 and at the Deutsche Oper Berlin and Oper Leipzig in April/May 2010. In July 2013, the bicentennial year of Wagner's birth, performances of all three of Wagner's early operas, including "Rienzi", took place for the first time at Bayreuth, at the Oberfrankenhalle. This performance trimmed some parts, including the second-act ballet. The Australian premiere was a concert performance by Melbourne Opera in December 2013, as part of the bicentennial celebrations. The opera opens with a substantial overture which begins with a trumpet call (which in act 3 we learn is the war call of the Colonna family)
Music of Scotland in the nineteenth century Hae" by Burns. Major composers included of the national school that developed in the late nineteenth century included Alexander Mackenzie (1847–1935), William Wallace (1860–1940), Learmont Drysdale (1866–1909) and Hamish MacCunn (1868–1916). Mackenzie, who studied in Germany and Italy and mixed Scottish themes with German Romanticism, is best known for his three "Scottish Rhapsodies" (1879–80, 1911), "Pibroch" for violin and orchestra (1889) and the "Scottish Concerto" for piano (1897), all involving Scottish themes and folk melodies. Wallace's work included an overture, "In Praise of Scottish Poesie" (1894). Drysdale's work often dealt with Scottish themes, including the overture "Tam O’ Shanter" (1890),