United States national motto the final stanza of "The Star-Spangled Banner". Written in 1814 by Francis Scott Key (and later adopted as the U.S. national anthem on March 3, 1931 by U.S. President Herbert Hoover), the song contains an early reference to a variation of the phrase: "And this be our motto: 'In God is our trust.'" The change from "E Pluribus Unum" to "In God We Trust" was generally considered uncontroversial at the time, given the rising influence of organized religion and pressures of the Cold War era in the 1950s. The 1956 law was one of several legislative actions Congress took to
Motto of the European Union national motto of Indonesia since 1945 ("Bhinneka Tunggal Eka", in ancient Javanese) and on 27 April 2000 post-apartheid South Africa adopted a similar motto ("ikee:/xarra/ike") in "Xam" (an extinct Khoisan language) which also translates in English as "Unity in diversity". On 19 June 2000, at Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal, 24th President of the European Parliament Nicole Fontaine concluded her official opening speech with the introduction of the European Union motto ("Unité dans la diversité"): Since then this motto was used by several European officials during their speeches at Strasbourg, including President of European Commission Romano Prodi on 4 July