Wig de-loused artificial hairpiece. Fur hoods were also used in a similar preventive fashion. Royal patronage was crucial to the revival of the wig. Queen Elizabeth I of England famously wore a red wig, tightly and elaborately curled in a "Roman" style, while among men King Louis XIII of France (1601–1643) started to pioneer wig-wearing in 1624 when he had prematurely begun to bald. This fashion was largely promoted by his son and successor Louis XIV of France (1638–1715), which contributed to its spread in European and European-influenced countries. Perukes or periwigs for men were introduced into the English-speaking world with
Controversies about the word "niggardly" will we use it?" Controversies about the word "niggardly" In the United States, there have been several controversies concerning the word "niggardly", an adjective meaning "stingy" or "miserly", because of its phonetic similarity to the racial slur "nigger". Etymologically, the two words are unrelated. "Niggardly" (noun: "niggard") is an adjective meaning "stingy" or "miserly". It can be traced back at least to the Middle English word ', which has the same meaning, and is related to the Old Norse verb ', which means "to fuss about small matters". "Nigger", a racial epithet in English, derives from the Spanish/Portuguese word ',