Pinkerton (detective agency) Anti-Pinkerton Act in 1893, federal law has stated that an "individual employed by the Pinkerton Detective Agency, or similar organization, may not be employed by the Government of the United States or the government of the District of Columbia." In the 1870s, Franklin B. Gowen, then president of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad, hired the agency to "investigate" the labor unions in the company's mines. A Pinkerton agent, James McParland, using the alias "James McKenna", infiltrated the Molly Maguires, a 19th-century secret society of mainly Irish-American coal miners, leading to the downfall of the labor organization. The incident inspired Arthur
U-S-A! U-S-A! "U-S-A!" is a chant of the United States of America's initials popular in expressing U.S. pride and supporting U.S. national sports teams. It is also used in other community events, such as at political rallies, and at times it has been used to satire jingoistic or mindless group behavior. The film "Olympia: Festival of Nations", documenting the 1936 Summer Olympics, includes the chant during the finals of the 1,500 meter event and the long jump. It was also documented at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany, during the basketball tournament final between the United States and the Soviet