Cavendish Professor of Physics the university regulations which allowed students who had not studied at Cambridge to receive a B.A. by submitting a thesis which was judged "of distinction as a record of original research." Among the students attracted by this change was future Cavendish Professor Ernest Rutherford. Whilst Thomson was Cavendish Professor, he discovered the electron and the existence of isotopes, and also fostered an atmosphere of friendliness and mutual helpfulness. Rutherford returned to Cambridge in 1918, and spent the last 19 years of his life there. This was around the time of the change from classical to modern physics, and Rutherford was
Laboratory of Instrumentation and Experimental Particles Physics Laboratory of Instrumentation and Experimental Particles Physics The Laboratory of Instrumentation and Experimental Particle Physics (LIP) ("LIP - Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas") is a state-run Portuguese research laboratory created in 1986 under the sponsorship of the National Foundation for Science (FCT) of the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education. LIP has three main centers of activity, one in Lisbon, one in Coimbra and one in Braga. The majority of the research activities are done through international collaborations with institutions like CERN. The laboratory has about 180 members, among which are professors and scientists affiliated