Numbered musical notation and so on. Dashes after a note lengthen it, each dash by the length of a quarter note. A dot after the plain or underlined note works increases its length by half, and two dots by three quarters. The underline, along with its joining, are analogous to the number of flags and beaming in standard notation. So are dotted notes. But the analogue stops at notes worth three quarter notes and beyond, where dashes are used instead. The number "0" represents the musical rest. The rules for length is similar to that of the note, except that it is customary
Numbered musical notation rise and fall in pitch only but precise pitches can be decoded from numbered notation. This way, a children's song book can be indexed like this: A reason for its popularity among Chinese is that "jianpu" fits in with the Chinese music tradition. It is a natural extension and unification of the "gongche" notation widely used in ancient China for recording music. "Gongche" uses a number of characters to indicate the musical notes, and "jianpu" can be seen as using numbers to replace those characters. The monophonic nature of music in Chinese tradition also contributes to widespread use because so