Great Britain at the 2016 Summer Olympics having won double gold in the four in 2008 and 2012. Alistair Brownlee became the first triathlete to successfully defend an Olympic title and his younger brother Jonny Brownlee upgraded his London bronze to a silver in the men's triathlon, one of three events with the men's pommel and men's individual sprint where Great Britain finished first and second. No British woman having ever defended an individual Olympic title, Trott, Dujardin, taekwondo-ka Jade Jones and boxer Nicola Adams became the first four British female Olympians ever to successfully defend individual Olympic titles, with Trott becoming the first British female, and
Australia at the 2012 Summer Olympics medalists were sailor Malcolm Page, who successfully defended his Olympic title in the men's 470 class, and hurdler Sally Pearson, who became the first Australian female athlete to win gold in athletics after 12 years. Anna Meares, who won gold and bronze in London, became one of the most successful track cyclists in history, with a total of five Olympic medals. Meanwhile, Leisel Jones, who competed at her fourth Olympics, emerged as the greatest Australian female swimmer in history, with a total of nine Olympic medals, including one from London. – Indicates the athlete competed in preliminaries but not the