Unidad de Gestión Operativa Ferroviaria de Emergencia Unidad de Gestión Operativa Ferroviaria de Emergencia Unidad de Gestión Operativa Ferroviaria de Emergencia (UGOFE) was a temporary consortium of Argentine companies formed on 7 January 2005 by Ferrovías, Metrovías and Trenes de Buenos Aires to take over the running of commuter railway services in Buenos Aires after concessions granted to Metropolitano in 1994 for the operation of these services were revoked. Metropolitano, a company formed in 1994 to take over rail concessions granted by the Argentine government, as part of railway privatisation during the presidency of Carlos Menem, operated commuter rail services over Línea San Martín, Línea Roca and
Fiat Ferroviaria for trains and was the first (and the only one for several decades) to produce active tilting trains with the trademark of Pendolino. In Italy several classes of Pendolinos were adopted starting from 1976 (ETR 401, ETR 450, ETR 460-65, ETR 480-85 and the Alstom made ETR600. Following the success of the ETR 450 series introduced in Italy in 1988 (the 401 series introduced in 1976 consisted of only 2 trainsets and never operated regular commercial service, working more like an "on-wheel laboratory"), tilting systems including bogies, traction, electric and electronic equipment were ordered by several countries: In 2001 also