Lao kip De La Rue. A 1975 10 kip by Bradbury & Wilkinson and a 1000 kip by De la Rue were printed but not circulated. The Pathet Lao kip was introduced sometime before 1976 in the areas which were under the control of the Pathet Lao. Banknote denominations of 1, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 kip were issued. The notes were printed in China. In 1976, the Pathet Lao kip replaced the Royal kip throughout Laos following the Pathet Lao's take over of the country. The exchange rate between the two kip was 1 Pathet Lao kip = 20
CIP/KIP apoptosis via a variety of mechanisms. p21 and p27 cleavage are known to promote apoptosis through activation of CDK2 activation. p57 has also been shown to inhibit apoptosis as p57 null mice show a range of developmental defects including cleft palate and a range of intestinal abnormalities associated with increased apoptosis. CIP/KIP proteins have also been shown to regulate apoptosis via CDK-independent mechanisms. p57 can bind JNK1/SAPK, a stress-related kinase, and block its activity, protecting against JNK1-regulated apoptosis. CIP/KIP proteins can regulate transcription indirectly through stabilization of cyclinD-CDK and uninhibiting cyclin-CDK2 complexes that are crucial for Rb phosphorylation and release