Liquid nitrogen cocktail in the preparation of frozen desserts, such as ice cream, which can be created within moments at the table because of the speed at which it cools food. Similarly, liquid nitrogen has become popular in the preparation of cocktails because it can be used to quickly chill glasses or freeze ingredients. It is also added to drinks to create a smoky effect, which is created by the cold nitrogen vapour (liquid nitrogen boils at -195.8 Celsius at normal atmospheric pressure) condensing the moisture (i.e., water vapor) in the surrounding air above. Because of its low temperature liquid nitrogen can be
Ice cream ice cream in the summer of 1790. The same records show president Thomas Jefferson having an 18 step recipe for ice cream. First Lady Dolley Madison, wife of U.S. President James Madison, served ice cream at her husband's Inaugural Ball in 1813. Small-scale hand-cranked ice cream freezers were invented in England by Agnes Marshall and in America by Nancy Johnson in the 1840s. The most popular flavours of ice cream in North America (based on consumer surveys) are vanilla and chocolate. In the Mediterranean, ice cream appears to have been accessible to ordinary people by the mid-eighteenth century. Ice cream