Abdominal x-ray as a scout film for other procedures such as barium enemas. An upper gastrointestinal series is where a contrast medium, usually a radiocontrast agent such as barium sulfate barium salt mixed with water, is ingested or instilled into the gastrointestinal tract, and X-rays are used to create radiographs of the regions of interest. The barium enhances the visibility of the relevant parts of the gastrointestinal tract by coating the inside wall of the tract and appearing white on the film. A lower gastrointestinal series is where radiographs are taken while barium sulfate, a radiocontrast agent, fills the colon via an
Human polyomavirus 12 with HPyV12. Human polyomavirus 12 Human polyomavirus 12 (HPyV12) is a virus of the polyomavirus family that infects human hosts. It was discovered and reported in 2013 after isolation from the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the liver. HPyV12 was first discovered in 2013 by generic PCR used to screen samples of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. HPyV12 was identified first and most commonly in liver samples; it was also occasionally detected in the colon and rectum and in feces. The HPyV12 genome follows the typical organization for a polyomavirus, containing a small and large tumor antigen and