Pfennig Pfennig The pfennig (; pfennigs or ; symbol Pf. or ₰) or penny is a former German coin or note, which was official currency from the 9th century until the introduction of the euro in 2002. While a valuable coin during the Middle Ages, it lost its value through the years and was the minor coin of the Mark currencies in the German Reich, West and East Germany, and the reunified Germany until the introduction of the euro. Pfennig was also the name of the subunit of the Danzig mark (1922–1923) and the Danzig gulden (1923–1939) in the Free City
German gold mark German gold mark The Goldmark (; officially just "Mark", sign: ℳ) was the currency used in the German Empire from 1873 to 1914. The Papiermark refers to the German currency from 4 August 1914 when the link between the Mark and gold was abandoned. Before unification, the different German states issued a variety of different currencies, though most were linked to the , a silver coin containing grams of pure silver. Although the mark was based on gold rather than silver, a fixed exchange rate between the and the mark of 3 marks = 1 was used for the conversion.