Classical music voice teachers or from completion of a formal program offered by a Conservatory, college or university, such as a Bachelor of Music or Master of Music degree (which includes individual lessons from professors). In classical music, "...extensive formal music education and training, often to postgraduate [Master's degree] level" is required. Performance of classical music repertoire requires a proficiency in sight-reading and ensemble playing, harmonic principles, strong ear training (to correct and adjust pitches by ear), knowledge of performance practice (e.g., Baroque ornamentation), and a familiarity with the style/musical idiom expected for a given composer or musical work (e.g., a Brahms
Vladimir J. Konečni interesting question of “hedonic effects of development vs. chance in resolved and unresolved aural episodes.” Furthermore, he contributed to topics of interest to musicians, such as a two-part article that presented a psychological analysis of J. S. Bach’s "St. Matthew Passion", and another on mode and tempo in Western classical music of the common-practice era. In addition, Konečni wrote about the (Latin) "Requiem" by the Russian composer Vyacheslav Artyomov and about the playing style of the Canadian pianist Glenn Gould. There are also his three contributions to "Music in the Social and Behavioral Sciences: An Encyclopedia" by SAGE and a