Liquid nitrogen evaporates, and can cause violent oxidation of organic material. Ingestion of liquid nitrogen can cause severe internal damage, due to freezing of the tissues which come in contact with it and to the volume of gaseous nitrogen evolved as the liquid is warmed by body heat. In 1997, a physics student demonstrating the Leidenfrost effect by holding liquid nitrogen in his mouth accidentally swallowed the substance, resulting in near-fatal injuries. This was apparently the first case in medical literature of liquid nitrogen ingestion. In 2012, a young woman in England had her stomach removed after ingesting a cocktail made with
Crab ice cream his restaurant's food menu, although he admits that it is difficult to convince customers to try it. He also made it once for testing by food scientists in June 2011, and for an ice cream occasion at the Royal Institution in June 2001. Heladería Coromoto, a Mérida-based ice cream shop, which has the biggest variety of ice cream sold in the world, offers "Cream of Crab" as one of its ice cream flavours. In its country of origin, Japan, crab ice cream is marketed in Japanese as "Kani aisu". A Delaware-based ice cream parlor once attempted to make their own