Francis II of France of France in 1547, when his grandfather Francis I died. Francis's governor and governess were Jean d'Humières and Françoise d'Humières, and his tutor was Pierre Danès, a Greek scholar originally from Naples. He learned dancing from Virgilio Bracesco and fencing from Hector of Mantua. King Henry II, his father, arranged a remarkable betrothal for his son to Mary, Queen of Scots, in the Châtillon agreement of 27 January 1548, when Francis was only four years old. Mary had been crowned Queen of Scots in Stirling Castle on 9 September 1543 at the age of nine months following the death of
Scottish jewellery the Scottish crown in 1540. James Mossman was the son of John Mossman, and was the Court Jeweller, and was executed for his loyalty to Mary, Queen of Scots during the siege of Edinburgh Castle in 1573, in which he played the part of defending the castle. He was hanged on 3 August 1573. He was the court jeweller for Mary of Guise, and reportedly produced pieces for both her and the royal family. Although Charles Rennie Mackintosh was not a jeweller himself, he made a significant contribution to influencing the style of jewellery through his work as a designer.