Wig de-loused artificial hairpiece. Fur hoods were also used in a similar preventive fashion. Royal patronage was crucial to the revival of the wig. Queen Elizabeth I of England famously wore a red wig, tightly and elaborately curled in a "Roman" style, while among men King Louis XIII of France (1601–1643) started to pioneer wig-wearing in 1624 when he had prematurely begun to bald. This fashion was largely promoted by his son and successor Louis XIV of France (1638–1715), which contributed to its spread in European and European-influenced countries. Perukes or periwigs for men were introduced into the English-speaking world with
Word learning biases object, its substance, color, or texture, solving an indeterminacy problem. One way in which children constrain the meaning of novel words is through the whole object assumption. When an adult points to an object and says a word, a child assumes this word labels the entire object, not parts or characteristics of the object. For example, if a child is shown an object and given the label "truck", the child will assume "truck" refers to the entire object instead of the tires, doors, color or other parts. Ellen Markman pioneered work in this field. Her studies suggest that even in