Pfennig Pfennig The pfennig (; pfennigs or ; symbol Pf. or ₰) or penny is a former German coin or note, which was official currency from the 9th century until the introduction of the euro in 2002. While a valuable coin during the Middle Ages, it lost its value through the years and was the minor coin of the Mark currencies in the German Reich, West and East Germany, and the reunified Germany until the introduction of the euro. Pfennig was also the name of the subunit of the Danzig mark (1922–1923) and the Danzig gulden (1923–1939) in the Free City
Coin orientation and reverse share the same position. In Britain this is sometimes called "British turnover." British coinage, most other Commonwealth coinage, Japanese yen coinage, and Euro coinage have medallic orientation. If, when the obverse of a coin is right side up, a left or right turn shows the reverse image to be upside down, then the coin has 'coin orientation'. United States coinage, South Korean coinage, Thai coinage and pre-Euro French coinage have coin orientation. Coin orientation Coin orientation (or coin alignment or variations of these) is the relation of the vertical orientation of the images on the obverse and reverse