Arctic convoys of World War II Arctic convoys of World War II The Arctic convoys of World War II were oceangoing convoys which sailed from the United Kingdom, Iceland, and North America to northern ports in the Soviet Union – primarily Arkhangelsk (Archangel) and Murmansk in Russia. There were 78 convoys between August 1941 and May 1945, sailing via several seas of the Atlantic and Arctic oceans, with two gaps with no sailings between July and September 1942, and March and November 1943. About 1,400 merchant ships delivered essential supplies to the Soviet Union under the Lend-Lease program, escorted by ships of the Royal Navy, Royal
The City Circle The City Circle The City Circle is a network body of mainly young Muslim professionals located in England and is a registered charity (Reg. No.1088931). On 7 November 2006, The City Circle announced that it had appointed Yahya Birt as its first Director with effect from December 2006. On 3 January 2008, it announced the appointment of Usama Hasan, whose father is Suhaib Hasan, as its new Director. Current projects include a Saturday school, careers and mentoring and helping London's homeless. The City Circle contributes to British Muslim Identity through its weekly discussion groups. It has also attracted controversy through