Thaw depth thaw line than clays. Yet another factors are the vegetation and the percentage of the soil organic matter, which influence the bulk density of the soil, and hence thermal conductivity. Thaw depth In soil science, the thaw depth or thaw line is the instantaneous level down to which the soil has warmed to zero degrees celcius. The active layer thickness is the maximum thaw depth over a period of two years. The layer of soil over the thaw depth is called the active layer, while the soil below is called permafrost. The term frost front refers to the varying position
Fifty Degrees Below world for future generations. First-rate ecological speculation, but a second-rate thriller." Janet Raloff reviewing for Science News said "overall, Robinson's engaging book is a fast-moving, upbeat romp driven by science." The novel was nominated for a Locus Award in 2006. Fifty Degrees Below Fifty Degrees Below (2005) is the second book in the hard science fiction "Science in the Capital" trilogy by Kim Stanley Robinson. It directly follows the events of "Forty Signs of Rain", with a greater focus on character Frank Vanderwal, and his decision to remain at the National Science Foundation, following the earlier novel’s superstorm and devastating