Hot water corn bread made for many years by natives, long before European colonization. It was often dipped or covered with fresh honey. Hot water corn bread Hot water cornbread is a Native American food item and is unique to the South. European explorers learned to make cornmeal into cornbread from the indigenous people. Hot water cornbread is a mixture of cornmeal and water cooked in a skillet with cooking oil (traditionally animal fat, such as lard, was used). The cornmeal is mixed with boiling water to make a batter. It is then placed in small portions in the hot oil, in the skillet
Differential item functioning Differential item functioning Differential item functioning (DIF) is a statistical characteristic of an item that shows the extent to which the item might be measuring different abilities for members of separate subgroups. Average item scores for subgroups having the same overall score on the test are compared to determine whether the item is measuring in essentially the same way for all subgroups. The presence of DIF requires review and judgment, and it does not necessarily indicate the presence of bias. DIF analysis provides an indication of unexpected behavior of items on a test. An item does not display DIF if