Siege of Esztergom (1241) other European states, bar Moravia, Bohemia, and the Polish duchies, which the Mongols dealt with separately. Bela's kingdom was ill-prepared for the Mongol invasion. At the time, Hungary was one of the poorest and most sparsely populated areas of Europe. The population was estimated at slightly over 2 million in the mid-thirteenth century despite its large land area, with the largest city, Esztergom, having only 12,000 inhabitants. Its armies consisted primarily of light cavalry with some light infantry, and only a handful of crossbowmen, mounted knights, and heavy infantry, in contrast to the areas further west where such troops were
Plzeň Region reside in Plzeň which is the fourth largest city in the Czech Republic with 167 thousand inhabitants. Plzeň is the largest city in the region. There are 56 towns in the region, which account for 67% of the total population. More than 30% of the population lives in municipalities with less than 2000 inhabitants. The Plzeň Region is the third least densely populated region in the Czech Republic. The population density is 75.6 inhabitants per km² while the national average is 133.2 inhabitants per km². The least populated parts of the region are Tachov District (38.5 inhabitants per km²) and