Celtic toponymy from Brythonic *"crüg" 'hill' (Irish "cruach") From tribal name "Dumnonii" or "Dumnones", from Celtic *"dumno-" 'deep', 'world' From Celtic *"dubr-" 'water', *"dubrās" 'waters' (Welsh "dwfr"; Breton "dour") First element is possibly "dun", ' hill fort' (Welsh ddin, 'fort'). First element from Celtic *"duro-" 'fort'; in "Dūrobrīvae", Celtic *"brīwa" 'bridge' Possibly derived from Brythonic *"iska", 'water, fish' and *"leith", 'damp, wet'. From Celtic *"iska" 'water' (Irish "uisce"); second element in "Isca Dumnoniorum" (Exeter) is a tribal name (see "Devon") From Brythonic *"lēd-" [from Celtic *"leito-"] + *"rïd-" [from Celtic *"(φ)ritu-"] = "Grey Ford" From Celtic *"lindo-" 'pool' + Latin "colonia" 'colony'
Southern England Chalk Formation name of the Western Downs is given. The Downs enclose the rich district of the Weald, where the chalk has eroded to form a much flatter landscape. In Wiltshire is Salisbury Plain, the Wiltshire Downs, and Cranborne Chase, all three famous for their archaeology, and it was on these downs that Augustus Pitt Rivers developed the methods of modern archaeological field work in the 19th century. The Berkshire Downs and White Horse Hills adjoin the northernmost part of this formation. The formation called Cranborne Chase () is a chalk plateau in central southern England, straddling the counties Dorset, Hampshire and