Economy of Indonesia the Republic of Indonesia), a currency issued by the Republican Government which was the predecessor of Rupiah. Despite so, currency issued during the Japanese occupation and by Dutch authorities were still in circulation, and simplicity of the ORI made its counterfeiting straightforward, worsening matters. Once the nation's independence has been recognised by the Netherlands on December 1949, the next 10 years saw the devaluation of Dutch banknotes into half their value ("Gunting Sjafruddin"), dissolution of the United States of Indonesia in 1950, and during the liberal democracy period the nationalization of "De Javasche Bank" into modern Bank Indonesia and the
National Institute of Technology (Indonesia) National Institute of Technology (Indonesia) The National Institute of Technology (, abbreviated as ITENAS), is a private, technology-oriented university located in Bandung, Indonesia. ITENAS was established in 1972 as the National Academy of Technology (, abbreviated as ATENAS) by the Dayang Sumbi Educational Foundation with R. Mansoer Wiratmadja as its first rector. ATENAS originally had four faculties, which focused on Architecture, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering, respectively. In 1984, ATENAS became the National Institute of Technology, which currently has three faculties, namely the Faculty of Industrial technology, the Faculty of Civil engineering and Planning, and the Faculty of