Bordetella parapertussis evolved in a host population that had already developed immunity to "B. pertussis", where being able to evade "B. pertussis" immunity was an advantage. Two lineages of "B. parapertussis" have been described. The first infects humans and is responsible for a minority of cases of the disease pertussis (also known as whooping cough). The second, ovine, lineage causes chronic nonprogressive pneumonia in sheep. Both lineages are thought to have evolved from a "B. bronchiseptica"-like ancestor. This disease can be symptomatic or asymptomatic and may predispose hosts to secondary infection. Bordetella parapertussis Bordetella parapertussis is a small Gram-negative bacterium of the
Byne's disease high humidity can also affect pyrite (or its more reactive polymorph marcasite) (iron sulphide) fossils in a somewhat similar condition, which is known as pyrite disease. The iron sulfide can react with water and oxygen to form iron sulfates and sulfuric acid, which then can produce Bynesian decay. Byne's disease Byne's disease, more accurately known as Bynesian decay, is a peculiar and permanently damaging condition (resulting from an ongoing chemical reaction) which often attacks mollusk shells that are in storage or on display for long periods of time. Bynesian decay is a form of efflorescence of salts formed by the