Economy of Indonesia and the clove monopoly, both involving family members of Suharto. The rupiah remained weak, however, and Suharto was forced to resign in May 1998 after massive riots erupted. In August 1998, Indonesia and the IMF agreed on an Extended Fund Facility (EFF) under President B. J. Habibie that included significant structural reform targets. President Abdurrahman Wahid took office in October 1999, and Indonesia and the IMF signed another EFF in January 2000. The new program also has a range of economic, structural reform, and governance targets. The effects of the crisis were severe. By November 1997, rapid currency depreciation had
National emblem of Indonesia National emblem of Indonesia The national emblem of Indonesia is called Garuda Pancasila. The main part of Indonesian national emblem is the Garuda with a heraldic shield on its chest and a scroll gripped by its legs. The shield's five emblems represent "Pancasila", the five principles of Indonesia's national ideology. The Garuda claws gripping a white ribbon scroll inscribed with the national motto "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" written in black text, which can be loosely translated as "Unity in Diversity". "Garuda Pancasila" was designed by Sultan Hamid II from Pontianak, supervised by Sukarno, and was adopted as the national emblem on