Kalahari Desert bird ("Sagittarius serpentarius"), martial eagle ("Polemaetus bellicosus") and other eagles, the giant eagle owl ("Bubo lacteus") and other owls, falcons, goshawks, kestrels, and kites. Other animals include wildebeest, springbok and other antelopes, porcupines ("Hystrix africaeaustralis") and ostriches ("Struthio camelus"). Some of the areas within the Kalahari are seasonal wetlands, such as the Makgadikgadi Pans of Botswana. This area, for example, supports numerous halophilic species, and in the rainy season, tens of thousands of flamingos visit these pans. The biggest threat to wildlife are the fences erected to manage herds of grazing cattle, a practice which also removes the plant cover
Tswalu Kalahari Reserve New land was added to extend and protect habitats and territories. The grasses were allowed to grow. Indigenous game such as the critically endangered desert black rhino and black-maned Kalahari lions were introduced. Tswalu Kalahari is a luxury private lodge in the reserve, a member of National Geographic Unique Lodges of the World. There are nine suites at the Motse Lodge, and the private Tarkuni has five suites. The reserve has all the 'big five', with the exception of elephant. Tswalu Kalahari reserve is part of the Diamond Route. The conservation work of Nicky and Strilli Oppenheimer was recognized with