Town centre development of indoor shopping malls in major towns and cities. Examples include the Manchester Arndale Centre, the St. James Centre in Edinburgh and the Bullring Centre in Birmingham. They tended to be constructed in a Brutalist or Modernist fashion reflecting the architectural styles of the period. During the Thatcher government of the 1980s, a change in planning policy allowed competing out-of-town shopping and leisure centres to be developed. Examples include the Metro Centre in Gateshead, the Merry Hill Shopping Centre in Dudley, and the Gyle Centre in Edinburgh. Developments of this type have, in a number of places, resulted in
Westfield Carindale Westfield Carindale Westfield Carindale is a large shopping centre in Queensland located in the suburb of Carindale, east of Brisbane. The centre became the third-largest shopping centre in Australia on completion of redevelopment in 2012. The centre contains over 450 specialty stores (over 40 more than Westfield Chermside and 25 more than Westfield Garden City) and almost 6,000 car parking spaces. Other features include a food court, brand new Brisbane City Council Library, and a state of the art luxury Glasshouse Dining Precinct. First opened in 1979, it was Brisbane's largest shopping centre (at 116,884 square metres or 1,258,139 sq