1964 Summer Olympics Niger, Northern Rhodesia, Senegal, and Tanzania (as "Tanganyika"). Northern Rhodesia achieved full independence as Zambia on the same day as the closing ceremony. Athletes from Southern Rhodesia competed under the banner of Rhodesia; this was the last of three appearances at the Summer Olympics by a Rhodesian representation. Zimbabwe would later make its first appearance at the 1980 Summer Olympics. Athletes from East Germany and West Germany competed together as the United Team of Germany, as they had done previously in 1956 and 1960. Indonesia was banned from the 1964 Olympics, due to its refusal to allow Israeli and Taiwanese
Northern Rhodesia of further white minority governments in Africa, talk of amalgamation resumed. In 1927, the British government appointed the Hilton Young Commission on the possible closer union of the British territories in East and Central Africa. Its majority thought that Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland should seek closer links with East Africa, but the minority report favoured linking these two territories with Southern Rhodesia on economic grounds. Even before the Commission's report was published, there were discussions between the Northern Rhodesian settlers and the Southern Rhodesian government on the terms of a total union of the two Rhodesias as a single colony.