Witches' Sabbath (The Great He-Goat) powdered glass, orpiment and iron oxides. He likely worked with mixed materials. Technical analysis indicates that most of the Black Paintings begun with preparatory drawings. "Witches' Sabbath" is the exception; the final composition seems to have been painted directly onto the wall. Art historian Fred Licht notes that Goya's brushwork appears "clumsy, ponderous, and rough" and lacking finish compared to his earlier work. Licht believes this was a deliberate ploy to physically convey dismay at human inadequacy and his own feelings of personal doubt. Unique in the series, "Witches' Sabbath" was not significantly altered by Goya after his initial work.
William Painter (author) works such as Beaumont and Fletcher's "Triumph of Death", John Webster's "The Duchess of Malfi" (from "Belleforest"), and James Shirley's "Love's Cruelty". "The Palace of Pleasure" was edited by Joseph Haslewood in 1813. This edition was collated (1890) with the British Museum copy of 1575 by Joseph Jacobs, who added further prefatory matter, including an introduction on the importance of the Italian novella in Elizabethan drama. It has been suggested that Painter was responsible for the 1580 work "A Moorning Diti upon the Deceas of the High and Mighti Prins Henri, Earl of Arundel", attributed to Guil. P. G. Painter's