Witches' Sabbath (The Great He-Goat) powdered glass, orpiment and iron oxides. He likely worked with mixed materials. Technical analysis indicates that most of the Black Paintings begun with preparatory drawings. "Witches' Sabbath" is the exception; the final composition seems to have been painted directly onto the wall. Art historian Fred Licht notes that Goya's brushwork appears "clumsy, ponderous, and rough" and lacking finish compared to his earlier work. Licht believes this was a deliberate ploy to physically convey dismay at human inadequacy and his own feelings of personal doubt. Unique in the series, "Witches' Sabbath" was not significantly altered by Goya after his initial work.
Sabbath (Doctor Who) first encountered Sabbath in 1782. In appearance, Sabbath was a large muscular man with a shaven head. He commanded intelligent ape creatures called Babewyns which also crewed his ship, the "Jonah". Visually, the "Doctor Who" version is said to be based on Orson Welles. Despite suggestions to the contrary, Sabbath is not based on the equally corpulent character Sunday from the novel "The Man Who Was Thursday" (1904) by G. K. Chesterton, though this is jokingly alluded to in the "Doctor Who" novel "History 101" (2002). Sabbath first appears as the unnamed character who brings Anji Kapoor out of a