Khartoum society, while others settled in large slums at the outskirts of the city. Since the mid-1980s, large numbers of refugees from South Sudan and Darfur fleeing the violence of the Second Sudanese Civil War and Darfur conflict have settled around Khartoum. In 1991, Osama bin Laden purchased a house in the affluent al-Riyadh neighborhood of the city and another in Soba. He lived there until 1996, when he was banished from the country. Following the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings, the United States accused bin Laden's al-Qaeda group and, on 20 August, launched cruise missile attacks on the al-Shifa pharmaceutical factory
Khartoum Variations Khartoum Variations Khartoum Variations is the first of six releases in 2006 by singer/songwriter Jandek. Released by Corwood Industries, it is his 44th album overall. The recordings are alternate versions of seven of the eight songs from his previous album, "Khartoum". There has been some speculation on the Jandek discussion group that "Khartoum Variations" may be the result of an earlier attempt to record the same songs. Since Jandek releases feature limited information other than song titles, copyright dates and Corwood's mailing address, this cannot be confirmed. In the album's artwork, the artist stands in front of Dublin Castle, as