Chemical element "Sb" (stibium) for antimony. Chemical symbols are understood internationally when element names might require translation. There have sometimes been differences in the past. For example, Germans in the past have used "J" (for the alternate name Jod) for iodine, but now use "I" and "Iod". The first letter of a chemical symbol is always capitalized, as in the preceding examples, and the subsequent letters, if any, are always lower case (small letters). Thus, the symbols for californium and einsteinium are Cf and Es. There are also symbols in chemical equations for groups of chemical elements, for example in comparative formulas.
Power residue symbol Hilbert symbol formula_24 for the prime formula_4 by in the case formula_4 coprime to "n", where formula_28 is any uniformising element for the local field formula_29. The formula_14-th power symbol may be extended to take non-prime ideals or non-zero elements as its "denominator", in the same way that the Jacobi symbol extends the Legendre symbol. Any ideal formula_31 is the product of prime ideals, and in one way only: The formula_14-th power symbol is extended multiplicatively: For formula_35 then we define where formula_37 is the principal ideal generated by formula_38 Analogous to the quadratic Jacobi symbol, this symbol is multiplicative