Economy of Indonesia the Republic of Indonesia), a currency issued by the Republican Government which was the predecessor of Rupiah. Despite so, currency issued during the Japanese occupation and by Dutch authorities were still in circulation, and simplicity of the ORI made its counterfeiting straightforward, worsening matters. Once the nation's independence has been recognised by the Netherlands on December 1949, the next 10 years saw the devaluation of Dutch banknotes into half their value ("Gunting Sjafruddin"), dissolution of the United States of Indonesia in 1950, and during the liberal democracy period the nationalization of "De Javasche Bank" into modern Bank Indonesia and the
National symbols of Indonesia on the scroll gripped by the Garuda's claws), and is mentioned specifically in article 36A of the Constitution of Indonesia. It is a quotation from an Old Javanese poem Kakawin Sutasoma, written by Mpu Tantular during the reign of the Majapahit empire sometime in the 14th century. Kakawin contains epic poems written in metres. This poem is notable as it promotes tolerance between Hindus (Shivaites) and Buddhists. The national flag of Indonesia, which is known as Merah-Putih ("The Red-and-White") in Indonesian, is based on the banner of the 13th century Majapahit Empire in East Java. The flag itself was introduced