Betza's funny notation ones. The notation is based on dividing moves that can be made on a board of squares into groups of symmetry-equivalent moves, the moves within a group differing only in the direction in which the step is taken. Each such group (referred to as "atom") is indicated by a capital, such as N for the 8 moves of the knight. The letter that represents the atom is usually the first letter of the simplest piece from current or historic chess variants that has this move, such as A and F for the alfil and ferz of shatranj (ancient Arabic/Persian chess).
Algebraic notation (chess) problems (where "N" stands for the nightrider, a popular fairy chess piece). Players who speak other languages may employ different letters, for example, French-speaking players use "F" for bishop (from "fou"). In chess literature, especially that intended for an international audience, the language-specific letters are often replaced by universal icons for the pieces, for example, Nf3 is represented as ♘f3. This style is known as figurine algebraic notation. Pawns are not identified by uppercase letters, but rather by the absence of one. Distinguishing between pawns is not necessary for recording moves, since only one pawn can move to a given