Town centre development of indoor shopping malls in major towns and cities. Examples include the Manchester Arndale Centre, the St. James Centre in Edinburgh and the Bullring Centre in Birmingham. They tended to be constructed in a Brutalist or Modernist fashion reflecting the architectural styles of the period. During the Thatcher government of the 1980s, a change in planning policy allowed competing out-of-town shopping and leisure centres to be developed. Examples include the Metro Centre in Gateshead, the Merry Hill Shopping Centre in Dudley, and the Gyle Centre in Edinburgh. Developments of this type have, in a number of places, resulted in
Queensgate Shopping Centre, New Zealand to Upper Hutt, Waterloo Interchange, Petone and Wellington City. The centre is also a short walking distance from Melling railway station. The centre has over 1,855 car park spaces. The centre is known for the youths often seen frequenting the southern bus stop. A method used in deterring them is the use of classical music played through loudspeakers. Queensgate Shopping Centre, New Zealand Queensgate Shopping Centre (formerly Westfield Queensgate) is a large shopping centre in central Lower Hutt, Wellington, New Zealand. The centre first opened in 1986, and underwent a large scale redevelopment that was completed in August 2006. The