Weather map map using his own system of symbols, thereby creating the world's first weather map. He used his map to prove that air circulated clockwise around areas of high pressure; he coined the term 'anticyclone' to describe the phenomenon. He was also instrumental in publishing the first weather map in a newspaper, for which he modified the pantograph (an instrument for copying drawings) to inscribe the map onto printing blocks. "The Times" began printing weather maps using these methods with data from the Meteorological Office. The introduction of country-wide weather maps required the existence of national telegraph networks so that data
Methods used to study memory benefitted greatly from experimentation and observation of food caching birds. To study auditory learning and memory, songbirds can be used. To study more complex systems such as motor learning, object recognition, short term memory and working memory, often primates such as the macaque monkey are used because of their large brains and more sophisticated intelligence. Small rodents can be used to study aversive conditioning and emotional memory, and contextual/spatial memory. To reduce memory and learning to its genetic basis, mice can be genetically modified and studied. Generally animal studies depend on the principles of positive reinforcement, aversion techniques and Pavlovian