Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford admirers to further the goals he pursued, particularly in the field of social and prison reform. Each year the Trust hosts a lecture, part of a series inaugurated in 2002, chaired every year by Jon Snow. It also bestows The Longford Prize to highly commended individuals and organisations in the field of penal reform. Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford Francis Aungier Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford, 1st Baron Pakenham, (5 December 1905 – 3 August 2001), known to his family as Frank Longford and styled Lord Pakenham from 1945 to 1961, was a British politician and social reformer. A
Evolution from Francis Turbine to Kaplan Turbine speed (N) is directly proportional to Flow (Q) and inversely proportional to Head (H). On the other hand, Francis turbine works on low Specific speeds i.e., high pressure heads. In the figure, it can be seen that the increase in Specific speed (or decrease in Head) have following consequences: Hence, these are the parameter changes that has to be incorporated in converting a Francis turbine to Kaplan turbine. Evolution from Francis Turbine to Kaplan Turbine Francis turbine converts energy at high pressure heads which are not easily available and hence a turbine was required to convert the energy at low