History of the Jews in Switzerland in the city — more than in any other city in the world. Whereas the communities of Basel and Zürich are traditionally shaped by large Ashkenazi communities, Geneva also hosts an important Sephardic community. Its main synagogue, the Synagogue Hekhal Haness, is considered to be the most important Sephardic synagogue in the whole of Europe. A ring with a Menorah depiction found in Augusta Raurica (Kaiseraugst, Switzerland) in 2001 attests to Hebrew presence in Germania Superior. The Encyclopaedia Judaica mentioned a first documentation in 1214. In the Middle Ages, as in many places in Europe, they frequently suffered persecution, for
Film in Which There Appear Edge Lettering, Sprocket Holes, Dirt Particles, Etc. initial screening was stopped short by a hostile audience reaction. Land printed the loop optically to create "Film in Which There Appear...". He has confessed to feeling "very silly" about passively watching the film in a dark cinema, and occasionally stands up to point out details to the film's audience. Land later created a 20-minute split-screen expansion of the same loop, which he claims "looks better because it's more of a horizontal film than a vertical film; you look "across" it, not "into" it." "Film in Which There Appear..." is considered an important work in the structural film movement. Fred