Orpheus the modern context of a favela in Rio de Janeiro during Carnaval. Jean Cocteau's Orphic Trilogy – "The Blood of a Poet" (1930), "Orpheus" (1950) and "Testament of Orpheus" (1959) – was filmed over thirty years, and is based in many ways on the story. Philip Glass adapted the second film into the chamber opera "Orphée" (1991), part of a homage triptych to Cocteau. Nikos Nikolaidis' 1975 film "Evrydiki BA 2O37" is an innovative perspective on the classic Greek tragedy of Orpheus and Eurydice. Dino Buzzati adapted the Orpheus motif in his graphic novel "Poem Strip" (1969). Neil Gaiman depicts
Orpheus "to change allegiance, status, ownership". Cognates could include Greek ὄρφνη ("órphnē") "darkness", and surely Greek ὀρφανός ("orphanós") "fatherless, orphan", from which comes English "orphan" by way of Latin. Fulgentius, a mythographer of the late 5th to early 6th century AD, gave the unlikely etymology meaning "best voice," "Oraia-phonos". The earliest literary reference to Orpheus is a two-word fragment of the sixth-century BC lyric poet Ibycus: "onomaklyton Orphēn" ("Orpheus famous-of-name"). He is not mentioned in Homer or Hesiod. Most ancient sources accept his historical existence; Aristotle is an exception. Pindar calls Orpheus "the father of songs" and identifies him as a