Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market has instead emphasised concern about the effectiveness of Article 11's impact on the readership of online publication and of Article 13's obligations on service providers that will "benefit big players". Individuals who have publicly opposed the law include comedian Stephen Fry; author Neil Gaiman; Tim Berners-Lee, creator of the World Wide Web; Vint Cerf, co-inventor of the Internet protocol suite; and Jimmy Wales, co-founder of Wikipedia, who raise concerns regarding the costs and effectiveness of upload filters and the negative effects on free speech online. Human Rights Watch and Reporters Without Borders were among signatories of an open letter opposing
Wikia users could create topic-specialized knowledge market wikis based upon Wikia's own Wikianswers subdomain. OpenServing was a short-lived Web publishing project owned by Wikia, founded on December 12, 2006, and abandoned, unannounced, in January 2008. Like Wikia, OpenServing was to offer free wiki hosting, but it would differ in that each wiki's founder would retain any revenue gained from advertising on the site. OpenServing used a modified version of the Wikimedia Foundation's MediaWiki software created by ArmchairGM, but was intended to branch out to other open source packages. According to Wikia co-founder and chairman Jimmy Wales, the OpenServing site received several