Celestial mechanics planetary positions, using geometrical or arithmetical techniques, and contemporary discussions of the physical causes of the planets' motion. Johannes Kepler (1571–1630) was the first to closely integrate the predictive geometrical astronomy, which had been dominant from Ptolemy in the 2nd century to Copernicus, with physical concepts to produce a "New Astronomy, Based upon Causes, or Celestial Physics" in 1609. His work led to the modern laws of planetary orbits, which he developed using his physical principles and the planetary observations made by Tycho Brahe. Kepler's model greatly improved the accuracy of predictions of planetary motion, years before Isaac Newton developed
Planetary civilization modify the weather at will, harness the power of a hurricane, or have cities on the oceans. Although they roam the heavens in rockets, their energy output is still largely confined to a planet. On the Kardashev scale, the next status is Type II civilization, where a civilization consumes all the energy that their star emits, or about 10 watts. Michio Kaku in a book "Physics of the Future" suggests that humans may attain stellar civilization status in a few thousand years. Planetary civilization A planetary civilization or global civilization is a civilization of Type I on Kardashev scale, with