Hadith root of why there is no single "fiqh" system, but rather a collection of parallel systems within Islam. Much of early Islamic history available today is also based on the hadith, although it has been challenged for its lack of basis in primary source material and the internal contradictions of the secondary material available. Hadith may be "hadith qudsi" (sacred hadith) — which some Muslims regard as the words of God (Arabic: Allah) — or "hadith sharif" (noble hadith), which are Muhammad's own utterances. According to as-Sayyid ash-Sharif al-Jurjani, the hadith qudsi differ from the Quran in that the former
Hadith terminology terminology, it refers to a "hadith" not fulfilling all of the conditions necessary to be deemed "mutawatir". "Hadith ahad" consists of three sub-classifications also relating to the number of narrators in the chain or chains of narration: An "ʻaziz" () "hadith" is any "hadith" conveyed by two narrators at every point in its "isnād" (chain of narrators). A "gharib" () "hadith" is one conveyed by only one narrator. Al-Tirmidhi's understanding of a "gharib hadith", concurs to a certain extent with that of the other traditionists. According to him a "hadith" may be classified as "gharib" for one of the following