History of the Jews in Switzerland in the city — more than in any other city in the world. Whereas the communities of Basel and Zürich are traditionally shaped by large Ashkenazi communities, Geneva also hosts an important Sephardic community. Its main synagogue, the Synagogue Hekhal Haness, is considered to be the most important Sephardic synagogue in the whole of Europe. A ring with a Menorah depiction found in Augusta Raurica (Kaiseraugst, Switzerland) in 2001 attests to Hebrew presence in Germania Superior. The Encyclopaedia Judaica mentioned a first documentation in 1214. In the Middle Ages, as in many places in Europe, they frequently suffered persecution, for
Tatar Encyclopaedia in 2012), "Tatarstan: Illustrated encyclopedia" (in Russian, 2013). The responsible editor for the encyclopedia is Gamircan S. Sabircanov. Tatar Encyclopaedia Institute founding director, TES and "Tatar Encyclopaedia"s founding editor-in-chief M. X. Xäsänov died in 2010. Tatar Encyclopaedia Tatar Encyclopaedic Dictionary (; "ТЭС") is the first encyclopaedic dictionary published in Tatar language about history of Tatarstan and the Tatar people. The publication is produced by Tatar Encyclopedia Institute of the Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Originally prepared and published in Russian in 1999, Tatar language version of "Tatar Encyclopaedic Dictionary" was made available in 2002. Tatar Encyclopaedia Institute further started