Macaroni penguin been considered separate species, but the close similarities of their DNA sequences has led some, such as the Australian ornithologists Les Christidis and Walter Boles, to treat the royal as a subspecies of the macaroni. The two species are very similar in appearance; the royal penguin has a white face instead of the usually black face of the macaroni. Interbreeding with the Indo-Pacific subspecies of the southern rockhopper penguin ("E. chrysocome filholi") has been reported at Heard and Marion Islands, with three hybrids recorded there by a 1987–88 Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition. The macaroni penguin is a large, crested
Macaroni (horse) Macaroni's victory was warmly received in Newmarket, where the church bells were rung in celebration. Naylor marked his success by donating £1,000 to charities in his native city of Liverpool. In July, Macaroni ran the Drawing Room Stakes at Goodwood. He was made odds-on favourite despite a ten pound weight penalty an won easily from two opponents. At York in August, he took on older horses in the two-mile York Cup and won by four lengths from Clarissimus. At Doncaster in September, Macaroni bypassed the St Leger and ran instead in the two-and-a-half mile Doncaster Cup. He took the lead