Jupiter Magnetospheric Orbiter the orbiter was proposed for a lift-off in 2020 together with ESA's Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter (JGO) from which it would undock upon its arrival at Jupiter in 2025/2026. However, the EJSM collaboration was disbanded and NASA renamed its initiative with Europa Multiple-Flyby Mission, ESA's Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer, and Roscosmos's Laplace-P. The JMO objective was to undertake detailed "in situ" studies of the magnetosphere of Jupiter as a template for an astrophysical magnetised disk for "3-point" investigations of the Jupiter system via synergistic observations with other orbiters. The size and weight of the JMO would have been limited to carry
Exploration of Mars Exploration of Mars The planet Mars has been explored remotely by spacecraft. Probes sent from Earth, beginning in the late 20th century, have yielded a large increase in knowledge about the Martian system, focused primarily on understanding its geology and habitability potential. Engineering interplanetary journeys is complicated and the exploration of Mars has experienced a high failure rate, especially the early attempts. Roughly two-thirds of all spacecraft destined for Mars failed before completing their missions and some failed before their observations could begin. Some missions have met with unexpected success, such as the twin Mars Exploration Rovers, which operated for