Centre for Lusophone and European Literatures and Cultures Portugal, being home for more than 500 researchers, and the research unit with more young researchers in projects and positions of responsibility. Due to its established protocols, CLEPUL is part of an institutional network of cooperation for research in several areas of literary science and history of culture, including Portuguese institutions in Lisbon, Porto, Algarve and the Atlantic Islands, namely Madeira, and international institutions, such as in Australia and Canada, while keeping privileged relations with Lusophone countries, namely Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe and Guinea-Bissau. CLEPUL currently publishes six periodicals, to disseminate its scientific research results:
Demographics of the European Union countries joined the European Union, and Croatian becoming official in 2013. English is the most spoken language in the EU, being spoken by around 51% of its population. This high proportion is because 38% of EU citizens speak it as a language other than their mother tongue (i.e. second or foreign language). German is the most spoken first language, spoken by more than 18% of the population. The EU faces challenges in its demographic future. Most concerns center around several related issues: an ageing population, growing life expectancy and immigrant flow. After hitting a historical low of 1.47 children born