Kepler orbit led to Johannes Kepler working on his celestial mechanics. He later became known as the father of calculus. In 1601, Johannes Kepler acquired the extensive, meticulous observations of the planets made by Tycho Brahe. Kepler would spend the next five years trying to fit the observations of the planet Mars to various curves. In 1609, Kepler published the first two of his three laws of planetary motion. The first law states: More generally, the path of an object undergoing Keplerian motion may also follow a parabola or a hyperbola, which, along with ellipses, belong to a group of curves known
Planetary civilization is planetary, consuming all energy that is available from a neighboring star, or about 10 watts. A Type II civilization is stellar, consuming all the energy that their star emits, or 10 watts. A type III civilization is galactic, consuming the energy of billions of stars, or about 10 watts. Carl Sagan suggested defining intermediate values (not considered in Kardashev's original scale) by interpolating and extrapolating, according to his calculations, the modern state of the present human civilization is expressed by a value about 0.7. Theoretical physicist Michio Kaku, in a book, "Physics of the Future", published in 2011, stated