Russian ruble against the U.S. dollar. A 6.5 percentage point interest rate rise to 17 percent failed to prevent the currency hitting record lows in a "perfect storm" of low oil prices, looming recession and Western sanctions over the Ukraine crisis. Russian ruble The Russian ruble or rouble ( "rublʹ", plural: "rubli"; sign: ₽, руб; code: RUB) is the currency of the Russian Federation, the two partially recognised republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia and the two unrecognised republics of Donetsk and Luhansk. The ruble is subdivided into 100 "kopeks" (sometimes written as "kopecks" or "copecks"; "kopeyka", plural: "kopeyki"). The ruble was
Russian phonology Russian phonology This article discusses the phonological system of standard Russian based on the Moscow dialect (unless otherwise noted). For an overview of dialects in the Russian language, see Russian dialects. Most descriptions of Russian describe it as having five vowel phonemes, though there is some dispute over whether a sixth vowel, , is separate from . Russian has 34 consonants, which can be divided into two sets: Russian also distinguishes hard consonants from soft (palatalized) consonants and from a soft consonant followed by or a hard consonant followed by (though the last is uncommon: ), and preserves palatalized consonants