Centre for Lusophone and European Literatures and Cultures public high quality reference works in its field of expertise and complete works of pioneer sources of Portuguese and Lusophone culture and literature, such as works by Manuel Antunes, Mário Martins, Diogo de Teive and Fernão de Oliveira. Recent large scale projects by CLEPUL include "The Complete Works of Father António Vieira" and the complete pombaline works, both demanded by international scholars for many centuries. Other relevant projects include internationally recognized scientific works and recipient of prizes, such as: "Dicionário Temático da Lusofonia" [Thematic Dictionary of Lusophony] (2005), "Jardins do Mundo" [Gardens of the World] (2008), and "Dicionário Histórico das
Spoken language is an innate human capability, and written language is a cultural invention. However some linguists, such as those of the Prague school, argue that written and spoken language possess distinct qualities which would argue against written language being dependent on spoken language for its existence. Both vocal and sign languages are composed of words. In vocal languages, words are made up from a limited set of vowels and consonants, and often tone. In sign languages, words are made up from a limited set of shapes, orientations, locations movements of the hands, and often facial expressions; in both cases, the building