Jupiter Magnetospheric Orbiter the orbiter was proposed for a lift-off in 2020 together with ESA's Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter (JGO) from which it would undock upon its arrival at Jupiter in 2025/2026. However, the EJSM collaboration was disbanded and NASA renamed its initiative with Europa Multiple-Flyby Mission, ESA's Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer, and Roscosmos's Laplace-P. The JMO objective was to undertake detailed "in situ" studies of the magnetosphere of Jupiter as a template for an astrophysical magnetised disk for "3-point" investigations of the Jupiter system via synergistic observations with other orbiters. The size and weight of the JMO would have been limited to carry
Exploration of Jupiter explore Jupiter was "Pioneer 10", which flew past the planet in December 1973, followed by "Pioneer 11" twelve months later. "Pioneer 10" obtained the first-ever close-up images of Jupiter and its Galilean moons; the spacecraft studied the planet's atmosphere, detected its magnetic field, observed its radiation belts and determined that Jupiter is mainly fluid. "Pioneer 11" made its closest approach, within some 34,000 km of Jupiter's cloud tops, on December 4, 1974. It obtained dramatic images of the Great Red Spot, made the first observation of Jupiter's immense polar regions, and determined the mass of Jupiter's moon Callisto. The information