Zambezi Region with the United Kingdom. Leo von Caprivi arranged for the Caprivi strip to be annexed to German South West Africa in order to give Germany access to the Zambezi River as part of the Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty. The German motivation behind the swap was to acquire a strip of land linking German South West Africa with the Zambezi River, providing easy access to Tanganyika (Tanzania) and an outlet to the Indian Ocean. Unfortunately for the Germans, the British colonisation of Rhodesia (Zimbabwe and Zambia) stopped them well upstream of Victoria Falls, which proved a considerable barrier to navigation on the Zambezi.
Premenstrual water retention caused by high levels of circulating progesterone, estrogen, and prolactin, which stimulates secretory cells in the body. In the breasts, increased blood flow is also thought to be involved. Water retention and breast swelling can also be caused by hormonal contraceptives (which contain estrogen and/or a progestogen). According to three studies, fluid retention is not premenstrual, but rather peaks on the first day of menstrual flow. It also does not appear to be correlated to serum levels of progesterone or estradiol. Fluid retention is higher in recreational runners as compared to “normally active” women. Premenstrual water retention Premenstrual water retention