Spire spires were an astounding architectural innovation, beginning with the early fourteenth-century spire at Freiburg Minster, in which the pierced stonework was held together by iron cramps. The openwork spire, according to Robert Bork, represents a "radical but logical extension of the Gothic tendency towards skeletal structure." The organic skeleton of Antoni Gaudi's phenomenal spires at the Sagrada Família in Barcelona represent an outgrowth of this Gothic tendency. Designed and begun by Gaudi in 1884, they were not completed until the 20th century. In England, "spire" immediately brings to mind Salisbury Cathedral. Its 403-foot (123-m) spire, built between 1320 and 1380,
Northern Spire Bridge 2017, the central pylon was installed which stands at a height of , making it the tallest structure in Sunderland. The raising of the bridge pylon marked the culmination of two years of design and planning and twelve months of fabricating. Northern Spire Bridge The Northern Spire Bridge is a bridge over the River Wear in Sunderland, Tyne & Wear. The crossing opened on 28 August 2018. A three-span cable-stayed structure, construction began in May 2015, overseen by Farrans Construction and Victor Buyck Steel Construction. A crossing had been proposed as early as 2005, however financial uncertainties caused significant delay