European Portuguese the Portuguese language but also Portuguese culture. Thus, it promotes European Portuguese as a norm for learners. RTP is the Portuguese public television network and also serves as a vehicle for European-Portuguese-providing media content throughout the world. There is a branch of RTP Internacional named RTP África, which serves Lusophone Africa. In estimating the size of the speech community for European Portuguese, one must take into account the consequences of the Portuguese diaspora: immigrant communities located throughout the world in the Americas, Australia, Europe and Africa. European Portuguese European Portuguese (, ), also known as Lusitanian Portuguese (') and Portuguese
Japanese: The Spoken Language and among pedagogical researchers. Detractors of the textbook take issue with its usage of rōmaji, the complex grammatical explanations, the emphasis on memorization, and the relatively small number of vocabulary items (among other things). However, these same points are cited as strengths of the textbook by supporters. The approach is based on Jorden's decades of experience in teaching Japanese and pedagogical research, and was preceded by her 1960s textbook, "Beginning Japanese," which JSL supersedes. Beyond the focus on the spoken language alone, the text has a number of unusual features. The text is centered around a sequence of dialogs and