Siberian chiffchaff to be a full species due to its distinctive plumage and vocalisations, being similar to "P. s. sindianus" in these respects. Common chiffchaffs (of the nominate race) and Siberian chiffchaffs do not recognize each other's songs. Pending resolution of the status of the form "fulvescens", which is found where the ranges of common chiffchaff (of the race "abietinus") and Siberian chiffchaff connect and may or may not be a hybrid between these, "tristis" is maintained in "P. collybita" by most checklists. Siberian chiffchaff Siberian chiffchaff ("Phylloscopus (collybita) tristis") is a leaf-warbler which is usually considered a subspecies of the common
Hawking (birds) nighthawk does not). When different kinds of birds have the same adaptations, such similarities are not necessaily indicative of any familial relationship between bird species. Rather, they are the result of convergent evolution. Consider, for example, the marked resemblance in body size, shape, and coloration between flycatchers of several families, though these species are not closely related: the Asian brown flycatcher (of the Muscicapidae or Old World flycatcher family), Acadian flycatcher (of the Tyrannidae or tyrant flycatcher family) of the New World, and slaty monarch (of the Monarchidae or monarch flycatcher family), endemic to Fiji. All three use flycatching to