Obsolete Russian units of measurement Peter the Great replace it with the Hindu-Arabic numeral system. The basic unit is the Russian cubit, called the "arshin", which has been in use since the 16th century. It was standardized by Peter the Great in the 18th century to measure exactly twenty-eight English inches (). Thus, 80 vershoks = 20 piads = 5 arshins = 140 English inches (). A "piad" (, “palm”, “five”) or "chetvert" (, “quarter”) is a hand span, the distance between ends of the spread thumb and index finger. Alternative units: As in many ancient systems of measurement the Russian distinguishes between dry and
Yup'ik clothing the outstreched arm and hand; "cagner" (in Cup'ig) measurement between tips of fingers on opposing hands when arms are extended out from the sides of the body; "ikuyegarneq" (in Yup'ik) "ikuyegarner" (in Cup'ig) measurement from one's elbow to the end of his fist; "ikuyegneq" (in Yup'ik) measurement from one's elbow to end of his outstretched fingertips; "iqelqin" (in Yup'ik) measurement from the tip of one's thumb to the tip of one's index fingers are stretched out from each other; "itegneq" (in Yup'ik) measurement from tip of toes to end of heel; foot (in length); "it’ganeq" (in Yup'ik) measurement from tip