Uniforms and insignia of the Schutzstaffel shoulderboards on both sides. In March 1936, the camp "service" was formally established as the third branch of the SS, the "Totenkopfverbände" or skull units. At about this same time, for similar reasons, the military SS formations (the "Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler" and the "SS-Verfügungstruppe") adopted a service uniform in what was termed "earth-grey" ("erdgrau"). This also was based on the black uniform, but without the red "Hakenkreuz" armband, its place on the left sleeve being taken by an eagle-and-swastika patch, and worn with trousers and shoes or calf-high jackboots. In June 1938 this uniform was authorized for full-time "Allgemeine-SS"
Austria – the Nazis' first victim country and replaced bitter memories. In 1947 the Allies began a mass liberation of captivated Austrians and Austrian government restored half a million of "less tainted" members of former NSDAP in their rights (). From that moment a political struggle for the votes of former Nazis and veterans became a governing trait of Austrian political life. Conservatives and social democrats rejected anti-fascist rhetoric, while communists, who supported it, quickly lost their political weight. In the beginning of 1947 they lost their places in government, the police closed KZ-Verband in the end of the year. "February 1948" events in Czechoslovakia and