Turnstone traits are apomorphic and plesiomorphic, it may be an ancestral representative of either lineage. Turnstone Turnstones are two bird species that comprise the genus Arenaria in the family Scolopacidae. They are closely related to calidrid sandpipers and might be considered members of the tribe Calidriini. The genus name "arenaria" is from Latin "arenarius", "inhabiting sand", from "arena", "sand". Both birds are distinctive medium-sized waders. Roughly speaking, length is typically between 20 and 25 cm, with a wingspan between 50 and 60 cm and a body mass between 110 and 130gm. For waders their build is stocky, with short, slightly upturned,
Tournament sort Tournament sort Tournament sort is a sorting algorithm. It improves upon the naive selection sort by using a priority queue to find the next element in the sort. In the naive selection sort, it takes O("n") operations to select the next element of "n" elements; in a tournament sort, it takes O(log "n") operations (after building the initial tournament in O("n")). Tournament sort is a variation of heapsort. Tournament replacement selection sorts are used to gather the initial runs for external sorting algorithms. Conceptually, an external file is read and its elements are pushed into the priority queue until the