History of Lisbon the historical period of the Portuguese Second Republic. The New State, inspired by conservative and authoritarian ideologies; was developed by António de Oliveira Salazar, who ruled Portugal as a dictator from 1932 until 1968, when he had a stroke and was replaced by Marcelo Caetano. The regime was staunchly conservative and nationalistic, opposing communism, socialism, anarchism, liberalism and anti-colonialism. In the 1930s, Duarte Pacheco (1900 – 1943), first as Public Works minister and later as Mayor of Lisbon, was responsible for a redefinition of the city's urban area by an innovative concerted action of legislation, architecture and urbanisation. In 1933,
Portugal at the 1952 Winter Olympics Olympic Games, the 1912 Stockholm Olympics, and they have participated in every Summer Olympiad since. Despite this, they did not enter the Winter Olympic Games for the first time until these Oslo Games, and it would be 36 years until the nation would return to the Winter Olympics, at the 1988 Calgary Olympics. The 1952 Winter Olympics were held in Oslo, Norway from 14–25 February 1952; a total of 694 athletes representing 30 National Olympic Committees took part. Portugal was represented in Oslo by a single alpine skier, Duarte Silva, who was selected as the flag-bearer for the opening ceremony.