Black turnstone Black turnstone The black turnstone ("Arenaria melanocephala") is a species of small wading bird. It is one of two species of turnstone in the genus "Arenaria" the ruddy turnstone ("A. interpres") being the other. It is now classified in the sandpiper family, Scolopacidae, but was formerly sometimes placed in the plover family, Charadriidae. It is native to the west coast of North America and breeds only in Alaska. It is 22–25 centimeters long and weighs 100–170 grams. The black bill is 20–27 millimeters long and slightly upturned. The legs and feet are blackish-brown with a reddish tinge. The bird is
Tournament sort Tournament sort Tournament sort is a sorting algorithm. It improves upon the naive selection sort by using a priority queue to find the next element in the sort. In the naive selection sort, it takes O("n") operations to select the next element of "n" elements; in a tournament sort, it takes O(log "n") operations (after building the initial tournament in O("n")). Tournament sort is a variation of heapsort. Tournament replacement selection sorts are used to gather the initial runs for external sorting algorithms. Conceptually, an external file is read and its elements are pushed into the priority queue until the