Radium of radium Curie used the residues after extraction of uranium from pitchblende. The uranium had been extracted by dissolution in sulfuric acid leaving radium sulfate, which is similar to barium sulfate but even less soluble in the residues. The residues also contained rather substantial amounts of barium sulfate which thus acted as a carrier for the radium sulfate. The first steps of the radium extraction process involved boiling with sodium hydroxide followed by hydrochloric acid treatment to remove as much as possible of other compounds. The remaining residue was then treated with sodium carbonate to convert the barium sulfate into
V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute in Bondyuga (Tatarstan), which was used by and others to generate Russia's first high-enriched radium compound. The Radium Institute was renamed to V. G. Khlopin in his honor in 1950. At the Radium Institute, the first European cyclotron was proposed by George Gamow and in 1932, being constructed with the help of Igor Kurchatov, operational by 1937. V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute The V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute, also known as the First Radium Institute, is a research and production institution located in Saint Petersburg specializing in the fields of nuclear physics, radio- and geochemistry, and on ecological topics, associated