Avogadro constant Avogadro constant In chemistry and physics, the Avogadro constant, named after scientist Amedeo Avogadro, is the number of constituent particles, usually atoms or molecules, that are contained in the amount of substance given by one mole. Thus, it is the proportionality factor that relates the molar mass of a substance to the mass of a sample. The Avogadro constant, often designated with the symbol "N" or "L", has the value in the International System of Units (SI). (The parentheses there represent the degree of uncertainty.) Previous definitions of chemical quantity involved the Avogadro number, a historical term closely related to
Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe made of? What are its fundamental laws? Why do we exist?" The Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe was created in October 1, 2007, by its founding director Hitoshi Murayama and the University of Tokyo. It is funded by the Japanese Ministry of Science, as a part of their World Premier International Research Center Initiative. In 2012, the IPMU received an endowment from the Kavli Foundation and was renamed the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe. Many notable scientists are employed at the IPMU. Among them: Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics