Union Navy the set of Army ranks. The most visible change was that henceforth some individuals would be designated commodore, rear admiral, vice admiral, and finally admiral, all new formal ranks, and equivalent to, respectively, brigadier general, major general, lieutenant general, and general. A doctrinal shift took place at the same time. Prior to the war, the United States Navy emphasized single-ship operations, but the nature of the conflict soon made use of whole fleets necessary. Already at the Battle of Port Royal (7 November 1861), 77 vessels, including 19 warships, were employed. This was the largest naval expedition that had ever
Future of the Royal Navy although many programmes were reduced in scale. This has led to the replacement of smaller and more numerous units with fewer, but larger, units. The main examples of this are the replacement of twelve Type 42 destroyers with six Type 45s and the replacement of the three 20,000 tonne s with two 70,600 tonne "Queen Elizabeth"-class aircraft carriers. There are, as of November 2018, 13 Royal Navy ships and submarines under construction (A further 5 planned): Four s (boats 4-7), one "Dreadnought"-class ballistic missile submarine (boat 1 of 4), one "Queen Elizabeth"-class aircraft carrier (ship 2 of 2), one Type