Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests an important resting area for birds migrating between Russia and Africa and is thus a key habitat for many bird species. Some outstanding birds that can be found here are the greylag goose ("Anser anser"), white-fronted goose ("Anser albifrons"), Little bustard ("Tetrax tetrax"), glossy ibis ("Plegadis falcinellus"), Eurasian spoonbill ("Platalea leucorodia"), night heron ("Nycticorax nycticorax"), red-breasted goose ("Branta ruficollis"), peregrine falcon ("Falco peregrinus"), Dalmatian pelican ("Pelecanus crispus"), Western cattle egret ("Bubulcus ibis"), squacco heron ("Ardeola ralloides"), greater flamingo ("Phoenicopterus roseus"), white-headed duck ("Oxyura leucocephala"), and Caspian snowcock ("Tetraogallus caspius"). The diversity and endemism of the species represented in the ecoregion
Ascochyta tarda will decrease in future decades because of climate change (Bucker Moraes W., Cintra de Jesus, W.J, de Azevedo Peixoto, L., Bucker Moraes, W., Morra Coser, S., Cecílio, R.A, 2012). This will also be an issue in Ethiopia where coffee farming is the source of income for approximately 15 million farmers in Ethiopia and as much as 60% of the current growing area can become affected (Moat, J., Williams, J., Baena, S., Wilkinson, T., Gole, T.W., Challa, Z.K., Demissew, S., David, A.P., 2017) Ascochyta tarda Ascochyta tarda or Phoma tarda is a fungal plant pathogen that causes dieback and leafspot on