Elbow taken as six handbreadths; three to the elbow and three from the elbow to the shoulder. Another measure was the "cubit" (from "cubital"). This was taken to be the length of a man's arm from the elbow to the end of the middle finger. Though the elbow is similarly adapted for stability through a wide range of pronation-supination and flexion-extension in all apes, there are some minor differences. In arboreal apes such as orangutans, the large forearm muscles originating on the epicondyles of the humerus generate significant transverse forces on the elbow joint. The structure to resist these forces is
Yup'ik clothing Yup'ik) measurement from the tip of the thumb to tip of index finger when each is stretched out away from the other; "tekneq" (in Yup'ik) measurement being the width of the last section of one’s index finger; "tumagneq" (in Yup'ik) measurement of the width of the palm (flattened and with the fingers and thumb held together); "tusneq" (in Yup'ik) measurement being the width from the outside edge of one should to the outside edge of the other; "yegyameg" (in Cup'ig) from elbow (measuring to tip of hand). The primary subsistence activity for the Yup'ik is fishing, though hunting supplements the