The Market for Lemons cars, the dearth of formal credit markets in developing countries, and the difficulties that the elderly encounter in buying health insurance. However, not all players in a given market will follow the same rules or have the same aptitude of assessing quality. So there will always be a distinct advantage for some vendors to offer low-quality goods to the less-informed segment of a market that, on the whole, appears to be of reasonable quality and have reasonable guarantees of certainty. This is part of the basis for the idiom buyer beware. This is likely the basis for the idiom that
Beware of the Dog (Millennium) The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen", awarded "Beware of the Dog" one-and-a-half stars out of five. Shearman felt the episode was so similar to "The X-Files" that it gave the impression that "Millennium" had "lost its own identity". He found that the script contained "enough wit in the dialogue" but that its plot seemed too "vague and elliptical". Writing for the "Star Tribune", Bill Ward felt that the episode featured a "lighter" tone than usual, comparing it to "The X-Files". Ward described the episode as taking "some nice turns en route to an ambivalent semiresolution". Beware of the Dog