Operation Totem Cockcroft, the director of the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment at Harwell personally lodged a formal request for a feasibility study with the Prime Minister of Australia, Robert Menzies, at a meeting on 4 September 1952. Other matters discussed included the attendance of Butement and Leslie Martin, the Australian Defence Scientific Adviser, as Australian observers at the Hurricane test, the creation of the Australian Atomic Energy Commission, and the supply of Australian uranium to the UK. Cockcroft reported to Sir Roger Makins at the Foreign Office that Menzies had agreed in principle to Penney's reconnaissance of the Emu Field site. Penney
Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists as a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization to serve as the parent organization and fundraising mechanism of the "Bulletin". In 2003, the Board of Directors voted to change the foundation's name to Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. The "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists" began as an emergency action undertaken by scientists who saw urgent need for an immediate educational program about atomic weapons. The intention was to educate fellow scientists about the relationship between their world of science and the world of national and international politics. A second was to help the American people understand what nuclear energy and its possible applications