Social history of viruses of encephalitis, of which 105 were fatal, were recorded. A new paramyxovirus was discovered in a victim's brain; it was named Nipah virus, after the village where he had lived. The infection was caused by a virus from fruit bats, after their colony had been disrupted by deforestation. The bats had moved to trees nearer the pig farm and the pigs caught the virus from their droppings. Several highly lethal viral pathogens are members of the "Filoviridae". Filoviruses are filament-like viruses that cause viral haemorrhagic fever, and include the Ebola and Marburg viruses. The Marburg virus attracted widespread press attention
Puumala virus infected through inhalation of dust from vole droppings. It has been theorized that Puumala virus, unlike other members of the genus Hantavirus, may also have lethal effects on its rodent host. In August 2014 was announced the death of an Israeli researcher studying the behavior of the bank vole in Finland. She had been affected by the Puumala virus which caused a complete breakdown of her immune system. Puumala virus was discovered and named in 1980 by researchers in Finland. Puumala virus Puumala virus (PUUV) is a species of orthohantavirus. Humans infected with the virus may develop a haemorrhagic fever