Calamine the zinc-impregnated gauze wrap used to treat ulcers of the leg in Unna boots. In a 1992 press release, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced that no proof had been submitted showing calamine to be safe for use or effective in treating bug bites, stings, and rashes from poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. In a September 2, 2008 document, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration recommended applying topical over-the-counter skin protectants, such as calamine, to relieve the itch caused by poisonous plants such as poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. Calamine Calamine, also known as calamine
Group 5 element magnesium. 230,000 metric tons of niobium ore are produced yearly, with Brazil producing metric 210,000 tons, Canada producing 10000 metric tons, and Australia producing 1000 metric tons. 60000 metric tons of pure niobium are produced each year. 70000 metric tons of tantalum ore are produced yearly. Brazil produces 90% of tantalum ore, with Canada, Australia, China, and Rwanda also producing the element. The demand for tantalum is around 1200 metric tons per year. Dubnium is produced synthetically by bombarding actinides with lighter elements. Vanadium's main application is in alloys, such as vanadium steel. Vanadium alloys are used in springs, tools,