Lek mating females away from the hotshot. A manipulative experiment using the little bustard, "Tetrax tetrax", was done to test the various lek evolution models. The experiment involved varying the size and sex ratio of leks using decoys. To test whether or not the presence of a hotshot determined lek formation, a hotshot little bustard decoy was placed within a lek. After the fake hotshot was added to the lek, both male and female visitation to the lek increased. The hotspot model considers the female density to be the catalyst for the clustering of males. This model predicts that leks will form
Edwardsiella tarda along with maintaining suitable sanitation of water. Other stress factors include drastic changes in temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen levels in the water. In order to manage properly for edwardsiellosis water must be checked constantly in order to keep fish stocks completely free of pathogens. Some of the most recent research done on "Edwardsiella tarda" was performed by Griffin et al. (2013) to assess what the literature refers to as "the intra-specific variability of "E. tarda" isolates from 4 different fish species in the eastern United States." These intra-specific variations that they were looking for occur in other parts of