Animal Production Science Animal Production Science Animal Production Science is an international peer-reviewed scientific journal for agriculture and animal science and published by CSIRO Publishing. Research articles in the journal focus on improving livestock and food production, and on the social and economic issues that influence primary producers. It is predominantly concerned with domesticated animals (beef cattle, dairy cows, sheep, pigs, goats and poultry); however, contributions on horses and wild animals are also published where relevant. It was established in 1961 as "Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry". In 1985, this was shortened to "Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture". The current
Wild animal suffering nature would be either unethical, unfeasible, or both. In his autobiography, Charles Darwin acknowledged that the existence of extensive suffering in nature was fully compatible with the workings of natural selection, yet maintained that pleasure was the main driver of fitness-increasing behavior in organisms. Evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins challenged Darwin's claim in his book "River Out of Eden", wherein he argued that wild animal suffering must be extensive due to the interplay of the following evolutionary mechanisms: From this, Dawkins concludes that the natural world must necessarily contain enormous amounts of animal suffering as an inevitable consequence of Darwinian evolution.