Berlin Wall and to pass it on to the coming generations as a reminder to stand up for freedom and democracy to ensure that such injustice may never happen again," entreated Mayor Wowereit. "It has been shown once again: Freedom is invincible at the end. No wall can permanently withstand the desire for freedom", proclaimed President Wulff." Notes Bibliography Further reading Berlin Wall The Berlin Wall (, ) was a guarded concrete barrier that physically and ideologically divided Berlin from 1961 to 1989. Constructed by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany), starting on 13 August 1961, the Wall cut off (by
The Fall of Berlin (film) the epitome of Stalin's cult of personality in cinema: Denise Youngblood wrote "it was impossible to go further" in the "veneration" of him; Philip Boobbyer claimed the cult reached "extraordinary proportions" with its release; Lars Karl opined it "stood above any other part of the cult"; Slavoj Žižek regarded it as the "supreme case of the Stalinist epic" Nikolas Hüllbusch commented that it was the "zenith" of the representation of Stalin's screen "alter-ego"; and Richard Taylor believed it was "the apotheosis of Stalin's cult of Stalin". In 1991, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, "The Fall of Berlin" had