Mantaritza Biosphere Reserve biotic province. The varied fauna includes brown bear "(Ursus arctos)" , red deer "(Cervus elaphus)", roe deer "(Capreolus capreolus)", wild boar (Sus scrofa), pine marten "(Martes martes)", European badger "(Meles meles"), hazel grouse "(Bonasa bonasia)", black woodpecker "(Dryocopus martius)" and European crested tit "(Parus cristatus)". This area has been little affected by man. Before the biosphere reserve was designated in 1977, small-scale selective cutting took place and water reservoirs were constructed. This biosphere reserve is currently under revision. Mantaritza Biosphere Reserve Mantaritza Biosphere Reserve () is situated to the north of Golyama Syutka Peak in the Rhodope Mountains in Bulgaria,
European land mammal age European land mammal age The European Land Mammal Mega Zones (abbreviation: ELMMZ, more commonly known as European land mammal ages or ELMA) are zones in rock layers that have a specific assemblage of fossils (biozones) based on occurrences of fossil assemblages of European land mammals. These biozones cover most of the Neogene and Paleogene systems (i.e. rock layers which are 65.5 to 2.588 million years old). In cases when fossils of mammals are abundant, stratigraphers and paleontologists can use these biozones as a more practical regional alternative to the stages of the official ICS geologic timescale. European Land Mammal Mega