Zinc for discovering pure metallic zinc, even though Swedish chemist Anton von Swab had distilled zinc from calamine four years previously. In his 1746 experiment, Marggraf heated a mixture of calamine and charcoal in a closed vessel without copper to obtain a metal. This procedure became commercially practical by 1752. William Champion's brother, John, patented a process in 1758 for calcining zinc sulfide into an oxide usable in the retort process. Prior to this, only calamine could be used to produce zinc. In 1798, Johann Christian Ruberg improved on the smelting process by building the first horizontal retort smelter. Jean-Jacques Daniel
Metallic fiber also produces metallic yarns; the city Dongyang contains more than 100 factories, though some of these are home based production sites rather than conventional factories. Two of the more popular factories are Salu Metallic Yarn and Aoqi Textile. The most popular company in Europe is the company Wagner-Tech-Textile GmbH with the brand name Rexess, this company is probably the last company which is able to produce metallic yarn in EU. They have still machinery for production of supported and unsupported metallic yarn. The Lurex Company has manufactured metallic fibers in Europe for over fifty years. They produce a wide variety