Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn The Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn () is a polycentric and electrically driven S-train network covering the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Region in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia. This includes most of the Ruhr (and cities such as Dortmund, Duisburg and Essen), the Berg cities of Wuppertal and Solingen and parts of the Rhineland (with cities such as Cologne and Düsseldorf). The easternmost city within the S-Bahn Rhine-Ruhr network is Unna, the westernmost city served is Mönchengladbach. The S-Bahn operates in the areas of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (VRR) and Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Sieg (VRS) tariff associations, touching areas of Aachener Verkehrsverbund at Düren
University Hospitals of the Ruhr-University of Bochum area were appointed as teaching hospitals. This appointment was first intended to be a temporary solution to financial shortages and political problems in the development of the medical faculty in Bochum in the 1970s, especially after the Universitätsklinikum Essen was spun off from the Ruhr University in 1972 and integrated into the newly formed Universität-Gesamthochschule Essen. In 1998 the cooperation between appointed hospitals and Ruhr University was permanently established. This was in September 2008 the basis for the foundation of the "Verband Klinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum" with coordinating tasks in clinical, scientific and didactical fields. University Hospitals of the Ruhr-University