Lek mating females away from the hotshot. A manipulative experiment using the little bustard, "Tetrax tetrax", was done to test the various lek evolution models. The experiment involved varying the size and sex ratio of leks using decoys. To test whether or not the presence of a hotshot determined lek formation, a hotshot little bustard decoy was placed within a lek. After the fake hotshot was added to the lek, both male and female visitation to the lek increased. The hotspot model considers the female density to be the catalyst for the clustering of males. This model predicts that leks will form
Solidago tarda top of the plant. Solidago tarda Solidago tarda, commonly known as Atlantic goldenrod, is a rare North American species of goldenrod in the sunflower family. It is found along the Atlantic coastal plain from New Jersey and Alabama, though nowhere very common. "Solidago tarda" is a perennial herb up to 180 cm (6 feet) tall, with a branching underground caudex or rhizomes. Leaves are elliptic or egg-shaped, up to 35 cm (14 inches) long near the base of the plant, shorter farther up the stem. One plant can produce as many as 50 small yellow flower heads in a narrow,