Ionization energy The sciences of physics and chemistry use different measures of ionization energy. In physics, the unit is the amount of energy required to remove a single electron from a single atom or molecule, expressed as electronvolts. In chemistry, the unit is the amount of energy required for all of the atoms in a mole of substance to lose one electron each: molar ionization energy or enthalpy, expressed as kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol) or kilocalories per mole (kcal/mol). Comparison of "E" of elements in the periodic table reveals two periodic trends: The latter trend results from the outer electron shell being
Khai Si Khai Si Khai Si () is a sub-district ("tambon") in Mueang Bueng Kan District, in Bueng Kan Province, northeastern Thailand. As of 2012, it had a population of 5,294 people. It lies on Highway 212 and the Mekong River and border with Laos, west of Bueng Kan and east of Ho Kham. The sub-district was created in 1979, when nine administrative villages were split from Nong Sawang sub-district (then still named Nong Kheng) to form the new sub-district. The sub-district is divided into 10 administrative villages ("muban"). The sub-district municipality Khai Si is the local government unit responsible for the