Egyptian cobra Egyptian cobra The Egyptian cobra ("Naja haje") is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. "Naja haje" is one of the largest cobra species native to Africa, second to the forest cobra ("Naja melanoleuca"). "Naja haje" was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The generic name "naja" is a Latinisation of the Sanskrit word ' () meaning "cobra". The specific epithet "haje" is derived from the Arabic word hayya" (حية"') which literally means "snake". The Egyptian cobra is one of the largest cobras of the African continent. The head is large and depressed and slightly
Banded penguin and emotional state. Agonistic calls are vocalizations used when a banded penguin is demonstrating agonistic behaviour, which is characterized by aggressive interactions or fighting. Typically, banded penguins vocalize agonistic calls when defending a territory, such as their nest, against conspecifics. For nesting penguin species, such as banded penguins, the mating pair and their offspring are the only individuals allowed on their nest. Thus, any conspecific from the large colony that intrudes this territory will be a threat and a agonistic call will be produced. There are two types of display songs vocalized by banded penguins; ecstatic display songs and mutual