Viceroyalty of Peru on July 21, 1821. The independence of Peru was proclaimed on July 28, 1821. Viceroy José de la Serna e Hinojosa, still in command of a sizable military force, retired to Jauja, and later to Cusco. On July 26, 1822, San Martín and Simón Bolívar met in Guayaquil to define a strategy for the liberation of the rest of Peru. The meeting was secret, and exactly what occurred is not known. However, afterwards San Martín returned to Argentina while Bolívar prepared to launch an offensive against the remaining royalist forces in Peru and Upper Peru (Bolivia). In September 1823 Bolívar
Once Was Not Once Was Not Once Was Not is the fifth album by Canadian technical death metal band Cryptopsy. "Once Was Not" is the first album to feature original vocalist Lord Worm since 1996's "None So Vile", and would be his last with the band. It is also the first album not to feature original guitarist Jon Levasseur. Unlike previous albums, where Lord Worm's lyrical content consisted of gore, blasphemy, and sex, his lyrics on "Once Was Not" dealt with topics that affect the human race, such as war, famine, plague, and death. A digipack edition was released, limited to 10,000 copies,