Abscissa and ordinate a parametric equation. Used in this way, the abscissa can be thought of as a coordinate-geometry analog to the independent variable in a mathematical model or experiment (with any ordinates filling a role analogous to dependent variables). Abscissa and ordinate In mathematics, the abscissa (; plural "abscissae" or "abscissæ" or "abscissas") and the ordinate are respectively the first and second coordinate of a point in a coordinate system. The abscissa of a point is the signed measure of its projection on the primary axis, whose absolute value is the distance between the projection and the origin of the axis, and
Livingstone graph Livingstone graph In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Livingstone graph is a distance-transitive graph with 266 vertices and 1463 edges. It is the largest distance-transitive graph with degree 11. The automorphism group of the Livingstone graph is the sporadic simple group J, and the stabiliser of a point is PSL(2,11). As the stabiliser is maximal in J, it acts primitively on the graph. As the Livingstone graph is distance-transitive, PSL(2,11) acts transitively on the set of 11 vertices adjacent to a reference vertex "v", and also on the set of 12 vertices at distance 4 from "v". The