Manganese is also used in portland cement mixtures. Manganese is an important element for human health, essential for development, metabolism, and the antioxidant system. Nevertheless, excessive exposure or intake may lead to a condition known as manganism, a neurodegenerative disorder that causes dopaminergic neuronal death and symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease. The classes of enzymes that have manganese cofactors is large and includes oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, ligases, lectins, and integrins. The reverse transcriptases of many retroviruses (though not lentiviruses such as HIV) contain manganese. The best-known manganese-containing polypeptides may be arginase, the diphtheria toxin, and Mn-containing superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD).
Manganese, Minnesota Manganese, Minnesota Manganese was a small village in Wolford Township, Crow Wing County, Minnesota, United States. Manganese lies roughly north of Trommald, Minnesota. Just off County Road 30, it is perhaps best identified by its location between Coles Lake and Flynn Lake. First appearing in the 1920 census, the village was abandoned by 1960. Named after the mining of its namesake, the village first appeared as "Manganese Village" in the 1920 Census with a population of 183. A post office called Manganese was in operation from 1912 until 1924. Over time, like most other minerals in the Cuyuna Range, all