Archelaus (philosopher) Archelaus (philosopher) Archelaus (; ; fl. 5th century BCE) was an Ancient Greek philosopher, a pupil of Anaxagoras, and may have been a teacher of Socrates. He asserted that the principle of motion was the separation of hot from cold, from which he endeavoured to explain the formation of the Earth and the creation of animals and humans. Archelaus was a philosopher of the Ionian School, called "Physicus" from having been the first to teach natural philosophy at Athens. This statement of Diogenes Laërtius, is contradicted by Clement of Alexandria, but the two may be reconciled by supposing that Archelaus
Melissa (philosopher) the letter does not suggest that a woman is naturally inferior or weak, or that she needs a man's rule to be virtuous. Melissa (philosopher) Melissa (3rd century BC) was a Pythagorean philosopher. Her name derives from the Greek word "melli" meaning "honey". Nothing is known about her life. She is known only from a letter written to another woman named Cleareta (or Clearete). The letter is written in a Doric Greek dialect dated to around the 3rd century BC. The letter discusses the need for a wife to be modest and virtuous, and stresses that she should obey her