Abscissa and ordinate is the distance between the projection and the origin of the axis, and whose sign is given by the location on the projection relative to the origin (before: negative; after: positive). Usually these are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of a point in a two-dimensional rectangular Cartesian coordinate system. The terms can also refer to the horizontal and vertical axes respectively (typically "x"-axis and "y"–axis) of a two-dimensional graph. An ordered pair consists of two terms—the abscissa (horizontal, usually "x") and the ordinate (vertical, usually "y")—which define the location of a point in two-dimensional rectangular space. Though the word "abscissa"
Strength of a graph Strength of a graph In the branch of mathematics called graph theory, the strength of an undirected graph corresponds to the minimum ratio "edges removed"/"components created" in a decomposition of the graph in question. It is a method to compute partitions of the set of vertices and detect zones of high concentration of edges, and is analogous to graph toughness which is defined similarly for vertex removal. The strength formula_1 of an undirected simple graph "G" = ("V", "E") admits the three following definitions: Computing the strength of a graph can be done in polynomial time, and the first such