Peru Antonio José de Sucre they defeated the larger Spanish army in the Battle of Junín on 6 August 1824 and the decisive Battle of Ayacucho on 9 December of the same year, consolidating the independence of Peru and Alto Peru. Alto Peru was later established as Bolivia. During the early years of the Republic, endemic struggles for power between military leaders caused political instability. From the 1840s to the 1860s, Peru enjoyed a period of stability under the presidency of Ramón Castilla, through increased state revenues from guano exports. However, by the 1870s, these resources had been depleted, the country
Brazil–Peru border infrastructure, cooperation (mainly in social and security issues), border integration and economic-trade integration. In the field of physical integration, once the Interoceanic Highway, which connects the State of Acre with the Pacific and inaugurated in 2011, the two countries started to study a Bioceanic Railroad project, object of a Brazil-Peru-China Memorandum of Understanding signed In May 2015. These projects are strategic for the integration of the economies of the North and the Midwest of Brazil to Peru and the Pacific. Brazil–Peru border The Brazil–Peru border is the line, located in the Amazon Rainforest, that limits the territories of Brazil and