Manganese(II) phosphate Manganese(II) phosphate Manganese(II) phosphate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Mn(PO). It is a rarely studied species, in contrast to the related lithium manganese phosphate, which has been investigated as a battery cathode. Manganese phosphates often combine with iron phosphates through paragenesis. In the process of paragenesis, each mineral affects the manner in which the other is crystallized. The minerals combine in isomorphic series, meaning that they crystallize in similar forms, producing a sequence of solids. Some examples of “isomorphic series” formed by Mn and Fe include heterosite (Fe,Mn)PO, purpurite (Mn,Fe)PO, and triplite (Mn,Fe)PO. The immersion method is
Manganese cover story for recovering a sunken Soviet submarine. In South Africa, most identified deposits are located near Hotazel in the Northern Cape Province, with a 2011 estimate of 15 billion tons. In 2011 South Africa produced 3.4 million tons, topping all other nations. Manganese is mainly mined in South Africa, Australia, China, Gabon, Brazil, India, Kazakhstan, Ghana, Ukraine and Malaysia. US Import Sources (1998–2001): Manganese ore: Gabon, 70%; South Africa, 10%; Australia, 9%; Mexico, 5%; and other, 6%. Ferromanganese: South Africa, 47%; France, 22%; Mexico, 8%; Australia, 8%; and other, 15%. Manganese contained in all manganese imports: South Africa, 31%;