President of Peru Martín), and "Supreme Protector" (by Andrés de Santa Cruz). The following table contains a list of the individuals who have served as President of Peru. The Protectorate of Peru existed from August 3, 1821 until September 20, 1822. The Republic of Peru was declared on July 28, 1821 but it was constituted on September 20, 1822. It existed until August 11, 1836. In 1836, the south of the country declared itself independent by creating the Republic of South Peru, while the north of the country became the Republic of North Peru. The two states confederated with the Republic of Bolivia
Peru Andean, Spanish, and African roots. In pre-Hispanic times, musical expressions varied widely in each region; the "quena" and the "tinya" were two common instruments. Spaniards introduced new instruments, such as the guitar and the harp, which led to the development of crossbred instruments like the "charango". African contributions to Peruvian music include its rhythms and the "cajón", a percussion instrument. Peruvian folk dances include marinera, tondero, zamacueca, diablada and huayno. Peru Peru (; ; ; ), officially the Republic of Peru (), is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in