Ancient Hebrew writings in Mishnaic Hebrew. Within the Gemara, the quotations from the Mishnah and the Baraitas and verses of Tanakh quoted and embedded in the Gemara are in Hebrew. The rest of the Gemara, including the discussions of the Amoraim and the overall framework, is in a characteristic dialect of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic. There are occasional quotations from older works in other dialects of Aramaic, such as Megillat Taanit. Overall, Hebrew constitutes somewhat less than half of the text of the Talmud. This difference in language is due to the long time period elapsing between the two compilations. During the period of
Schottenstein Edition of the Babylonian Talmud Schottenstein Edition of the Babylonian Talmud Schottenstein Edition of the Babylonian Talmud is a 20th-century, 73-volume edition of the Babylonian Talmud or Talmud Bavli. The text is published by Artscroll, a division of Mesorah Publications, with the financial assistance of Jerome Schottenstein, an orthodox Jew and founder of an Ohio department store. The Schottenstein Edition is published in three languages: English, French, and Modern Hebrew. The edition has gained much popularity since its release and is used in many congregations throughout the English-speaking world. The total cost of the project was $40,000,000 (including the Hebrew edition); some sources estimate the