Hatha yoga physical essence of life that was constantly dripping down from the head and being lost. These techniques sought to either physically reverse this process (by inverted postures like the "viparītakaraṇī") or to use the breath to force bindu upwards through the central channel. Other texts like the "Vivekamārtaṇḍa", "Goraksaśataka", and "Khecarīvidyā" also teach the raising of kuṇḍalinī. The aims of these practices were siddhis (supranormal powers such as levitation) and mukti (liberation). The only other texts older than the Hathapradīpikā to teach Hatha Yoga ̣mudrās are the "Shiva Samhita", "Yogabīja", "Amaraughaprabodha", and "Śārṅgadharapaddhati". The "Hatha Yoga Pradīpika" is one of
Jnana Prabodhini Jnana Prabodhini Jnana Prabodhini () which means 'Awakener of Real Knowledge' in Sanskrit is a social organisation in India. Founded in 1962 with the motto "Motivating Intelligence for Social Change", its work now has grown into multiple directions of social work. The main purpose of this organization is to develop leaders who can serve the nation by tackling and solving problems faced by India. Jnana Prabodhini, headquartered in Pune, aims at the development of physical, mental, intellectual and spiritual qualities of people in general and of the youth in particular. This development should lead to leadership qualities, motivation building, attitude