Subh Sukh Chain Subh Sukh Chain Subh Sukh Chain () was the national anthem of the Provisional Government of Free India. The song was based on a Bengali poem Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata by Rabindranath Tagore. After Subhash Chandra Bose shifted to Southeast Asia from Germany in 1943, he with the help of Mumtaz Hussain, a writer with the Azad Hind Radio and Colonel Abid Hassan Saffrani of the INA, had rewritten Tagore’s "Jana Gana Mana" into Hindustani "Subh Sukh Chain" for being used as the national anthem. Bose attached great significance to music as a source of inspiration for a force that was
Jana Gana Mana also played on certain occasions. It reads as follows Translation by Tagore, dated 28 February 1919 at the Besant Theosophical College. Refer to for the translation of the full poem. Primary sources available in the "Gallery" section. In Kerala, students belonging to the Jehovah's Witnesses religious denomination were expelled by school authorities for their refusal to sing the national anthem on religious grounds, although they stood up respectfully when the anthem was sung. The Kerala High Court concluded that there was nothing in it which could offend anyone's religious susceptibilities, and upheld their expulsion. On 11 August 1986, the Supreme