Jnana yoga found in various traditions of Shaivism. However, "nistha" or "samadhi" is sometimes added in Shaiva methodology. The meditational aspects of Shaivism focus on the nirguna form of Supreme Reality (Shiva). The "Pancharatra" (agama) texts of Vaishnavism, along with its Bhagavata (Krishna, Rama, Vishnu) tradition, are strongly influenced by "jnana yoga" ideas of the Upanishads. However, Vaishnavism also incorporates Bhakti yoga concepts of loving devotion to the divine Supreme personally selected by the devotee, in saguna form, both in silent meditational and musical expressive styles. The aim of jnana yoga in Vaishnavism differs from that in other schools. Advaita, for example,
Kevala Jnana Kevala Jnana Kevala jñāna means omniscience in Jainism and is roughly translated as absolute knowledge or supreme knowledge. Kevala jnana is believed to be an intrinsic quality of all souls. This quality is masked by karmic particles that surround the soul. Every soul has the potential to obtain omniscience by shedding off these karmic particles. Jain scriptures speak of twelve stages through which the soul achieves this goal. A soul who has attained kevala jnana is called a "kevalin" (). According to the Jains, only kevalins can comprehend objects in all aspects and manifestations; others are only capable of partial