Color blindness all variations in human color vision involve the red and green receptors in male eyes. It is very rare for males or females to be "blind" to the blue end of the spectrum. The first scientific paper on the subject of color blindness, "Extraordinary facts relating to the vision of colours", was published by the English chemist John Dalton in 1798 after the realization of his own color blindness. Because of Dalton's work, the general condition has been called "daltonism", although in English this term is now used only for deuteranopia. Color codes present particular problems for those with color
Research to Prevent Blindness Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Through a grants program, Research to Prevent Blindness has channeled more than $357 million into eye research. RPB works with medical institutions throughout the United States to strengthen their programs in eye research. Unrestricted grant programs are intended to produce new scientific investigations, accelerate the pace of research and complement government grants. Research to Prevent Blindness grants are directed toward investigators at all stages of a career, beginning with Medical Student Fellowships. A $25 million Jules and Doris Stein RPB Professorship program brings outstanding basic scientists to the study of the eye and its diseases.