Kinetic art expressions based on optical and luminous phenomenon as well as painting illusionism. The expression "kinetic art" in this modern form first appeared at the Museum für Gestaltung of Zürich in 1960, and found its major developments in the 1960s. In most European countries, it generally included the form of optical art that mainly makes use of optical illusions, such as op art, represented by Bridget Riley, as well as art based on movement represented by Yacov Agam, Carlos Cruz-Diez, Jesús Rafael Soto, Gregorio Vardanega, or Nicolas Schöffer. From 1961 to 1968, GRAV ("Groupe de Recherche d’Art Visuel") founded by François
Art and Illusion Art and Illusion Art and Illusion, A Study in the Psychology of Pictorial Representation, is a 1960 book of art theory and history by Ernst Gombrich, derived from the 1956 . The book had a wide impact in art history, but also in history (e.g. Carlo Ginzburg, who called it "splendid"), aesthetics (e.g. Nelson Goodman's "Languages of Art"), semiotics (Umberto Eco's "Theory of Semiotics"), and music psychology (Robert O. Gjerdingen's schema theory of Galant style music). In "Art and Illusion," Gombrich argues for the importance of "schemata" in analyzing works of art: he claims that artists can only learn to