Marcel Duchamp the Broken Arm", followed soon after. His "Fountain", a urinal signed with the pseudonym "R. Mutt", shocked the art world in 1917. "Fountain" was selected in 2004 as "the most influential artwork of the 20th century" by 500 renowned artists and historians. In 1919, Duchamp made a parody of the "Mona Lisa" by adorning a cheap reproduction of the painting with a mustache and goatee. To this he added the inscription "L.H.O.O.Q.", a phonetic game which, when read out loud in French quickly sounds like ""Elle a chaud au cul"". This can be translated as "She has a hot ass,"
Readymades of Marcel Duchamp it a little game between 'I' and 'me'". Duchamp was unable to define or explain his opinion of readymades: "The curious thing about the readymade is that I've never been able to arrive at a definition or explanation that fully satisfies me." Much later in life Duchamp said, "I'm not at all sure that the concept of the readymade isn't the most important single idea to come out of my work." Robert Fulford described Duchamp's ready-mades as expressing "an angry nihilism". By submitting some of them as art to art juries, the public, and his patrons, Duchamp challenged conventional notions