Britannia and the British Empire what Marianne is to France or perhaps what Columbia is to the United States. Britannia became a very potent and more common figure in times of war, and represented British liberties and democracy. During the 1990s the term "Cool Britannia" (drawn from a humorous version by the Bonzo Dog Band of the song "Rule Britannia", with words by James Thomson [1700–1748], which is often used as an unofficial national anthem), was used to describe the contemporary United Kingdom. The phrase referred to the fashionable scenes of the era, with a new generation of pop groups and
Name of Joan of Arc Name of Joan of Arc Joan of Arc did not come from a place called "Arc", but was born and raised in the village of Domrémy in what was then the northeastern frontier of the Kingdom of France. In the English language her first name has been repeated as "Joan" since the fifteenth century because that was the only English equivalent for the feminine form of "John" during her lifetime. Her surviving signatures are all spelled "Jehanne" without surname. In French her name is today always rendered as "Jeanne d'Arc", reflecting the modern spelling of her first name. The surname