Revolutions of 1848 immigration, especially from Germany. This, in turn, fuelled the nativist "Know Nothing" movement in the years preceding the American Civil War. The "Know Nothings" were opposed to Catholic immigration, especially immigration of German and Irish Catholics, and held Pope Pius IX responsible for the 1848 revolutions' failure. 1848 in Canada saw the establishment of responsible government in Nova Scotia and The Canadas, the first such governments in the British Empire outside of Great Britain itself. John Ralston Saul has argued that this development is tied to the revolutions in Europe, but described the Canadian approach to the revolutionary year of
Word of the year of the Year for promotional purposes. Since 1991, the American Dialect Society (ADS) has designated one or more words or terms to be the "Word of the Year" in the United States The society also chose a "Word of the 1990s" ("web"), "Word of the 20th Century" ("jazz"), "Word of the Past Millennium" ("she"), and "Word of the Decade (2000–2009)" ("google" as a verb). Other candidates for "Word of the Year" have included: In addition to the "Word of the Year", the society also selects words in other categories that vary from year to year: The Australian National Dictionary Centre