Hatha Yoga Pradipika In the twenty-first century, research on the history of yoga has led to a more developed understanding of hatha yoga. In analyzing the "Hatha Yoga Pradīpikā", as well as other works by Svātmārāma, researchers better understand the origins of hatha yoga. James Mallinson has thoroughly studied the origins of hatha yoga and has worked with classic yoga texts such as the "Khecarīvidyā". He has identified a collection of eight works that introduce early hatha yoga and contribute directly to its official formation in the "Hatha Yoga Pradipika". Many of his conclusions from these early works revise earlier understandings about the
Karma This effect may be material, moral or emotional — that is, one's karma affects one's happiness and unhappiness. The effect of karma need not be immediate; the effect of karma can be later in one's current life, and in some schools it extends to future lives. The consequence or effects of one's karma can be described in two forms: "phalas" and "samskaras". A "phala" (literally, fruit or result) is the visible or invisible effect that is typically immediate or within the current life. In contrast, "samskaras" are invisible effects, produced inside the actor because of the karma, transforming the agent