Ozone layer an altitude of 100 kilometers from the planet's surface. The photochemical mechanisms that give rise to the ozone layer were discovered by the British physicist Sydney Chapman in 1930. Ozone in the Earth's stratosphere is created by ultraviolet light striking ordinary oxygen molecules containing two oxygen atoms (O), splitting them into individual oxygen atoms (atomic oxygen); the atomic oxygen then combines with unbroken O to create ozone, O. The ozone molecule is unstable (although, in the stratosphere, long-lived) and when ultraviolet light hits ozone it splits into a molecule of O and an individual atom of oxygen, a continuing process
Layer by Layer starts by making a cross on one face with the edge pieces, then putting the corners into position between the edges. By then the layer should be solved. Third, the four edge pieces of the middle layer are solved. At this point the first two layers are solved. Fourth, a cross of the opposite color is made on the last layer. Fifth, the last layer edges are permutated (swapped around). Sixth, the last layer corners are permutated. Finally, the last layer corners are oriented. Most Layer by Layer beginners' methods solve the first two layers using the same technique. However,