Digital currency founded DigiCash, an electronic cash company, in Amsterdam to commercialize the ideas in his research. It filed for bankruptcy in 1998. In 1999, Chaum left the company. In 1997, Coca-Cola offered buying from vending machines using mobile payments. After that PayPal emerged in 1998. Other systems followed suit, such as e-gold, but it faced issues because it was used by criminals and was closed by U.S Department of Justice in 2005. In 2008, bitcoin was introduced, which marked the start of digital currencies. Origins of digital currencies date back to the 1990s Dot-com bubble. One of the first was E-gold,
Demurrage (currency) regional community currency in a part of Bavaria, using a demurrage system. Freicoin is a cryptocurrency, in which demurrage is levied at approximately 5.00% per annum. The ZenVow Project implements a human generated Global Basic Income system using time dependent digital currency that derives from the demurrage system. Where the human average world life expectancy is used as the currencies lifespan and respective derived burn rate. Demurrage (currency) Demurrage is the cost associated with owning or holding currency over a given period. It is sometimes referred to as a carrying cost of money. For commodity money such as gold, demurrage