Bachelorette party for a pre-wedding party, "hen party" was used in the United States as a general term for an all-female gathering, usually held at a hostess's residence. In 1897, "The Deseret News" noted that a hen party was a "time honored idea that tea and chitchats, gossip smart hats, constitute the necessary adjuncts to these particular gatherings". In 1940 Eleanor Roosevelt was described as hosting a Christmas-time hen party for cabinet wives and "ladies of the press". The bachelorette party is consciously modeled after the centuries-old bachelor's party, which is itself historically a black tie dinner given by the bridegroom, or
The problem of the speckled hen The problem of the speckled hen In the theory of empirical knowledge, the problem of the speckled hen is whether a single immediate observation of a speckled hen provides a certain knowledge of the number of speckles observed. Clearly, this is not an isolated example, and therefore it is of fundamental nature. Philosophically, this problem probes the limits of knowledge by acquaintance: one is unable to know with certainty the existence of determinate things in one's experience merely by the virtue of the experience. Roderick Chisholm attributes it to Gilbert Ryle suggesting to A. J. Ayer. It is viewed as