Ozone layer upper-atmosphere ozone-depletion rate slowed down significantly during the previous decade. Some breakdown can be expected to continue because of ODSs used by nations which have not banned them, and because of gases which are already in the stratosphere. Some ODSs, including CFCs, have very long atmospheric lifetimes, ranging from 50 to over 100 years. It has been estimated that the ozone layer will recover to 1980 levels near the middle of the 21st century. A gradual trend toward "healing" was reported in 2016. Compounds containing C–H bonds (such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons, or HCFCs) have been designed to replace CFCs in certain
The Layer Monument The Layer Monument The Layer monument is an early 17th-century polychrome marble mural monument (320 × 350 cm) erected to the memory of the lawyer Christopher Layer (1531–1600), and located in the Church of Saint John the Baptist, Maddermarket, Norwich. Its inscription is in Latin, and reads in translation: The monument is notable on two accounts, firstly, its four figurines housed in its two columns, "Pax" and "Gloria", "Vanitas" and "Labor", are relatively rare examples of Northern Mannerist sculpture extant in Britain; secondly, these four figurines exemplify how, during the era of Elizabeth I, Christian iconography occasionally integrated symbolism which