Jnana yoga considers jnana yoga as the path to nondual self-knowledge and moksha. Vaishnavism, in contrast, considers it a condition of devotion. The Shaktism literature on goddess such as "Kularnava Tantra" highlight "jnana marga" as important to liberation. It differentiates between two kings of "jnana": one it calls knowledge that comes from Agama texts, and another it calls "viveka" (insight). The Shaktism literature then adds that both lead to the knowledge of Brahman, but the first one is in the form of sound ("shabdabrahman"), while the insight from within is the ultimate truth ("parabrahman"). Some Shakta texts, such as the "Sita Upanishad",
Karma in Jainism propagators of Jainism and the 24th ' (ford-maker), had to bear the brunt of his previous karma before attaining "kevala jñāna" (enlightenment). He attained it only after bearing twelve years of severe austerity with detachment. The "" speaks of how Māhavīra bore his karma with complete equanimity, as follows: Karma forms a central and fundamental part of Jain faith, being intricately connected to other of its philosophical concepts like transmigration, reincarnation, liberation, non-violence ("ahiṃsā") and non-attachment, among others. Actions are seen to have consequences: some immediate, some delayed, even into future incarnations. So the doctrine of karma is not considered