Refined coal Refined coal Refined coal is the product of the application of a coal upgrading technology that removes moisture and certain pollutants from lower-rank coals such as sub-bituminous and lignite (brown) coals and raising their calorific values. Coal refining or upgrading technologies are typically pre-combustion treatments and/or processes that alter the characteristics of a coal before it is burned. The goals of pre-combustion coal upgrading technologies are to increase efficiency and reduce emissions when coal is burned. Depending on the situation, pre-combustion technology can be used in place of or as a supplement to post-combustion technologies to control emissions from coal-fueled
What If?: Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions the Month". The book was a Goodreads Choice Awards "Best Nonfiction" nominee in 2014 as well. What If?: Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions What If?: Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions is a non-fiction book by Randall Munroe in which the author answers hypothetical science questions sent to him by readers of his webcomic, "xkcd". The book contains a selection of questions and answers originally published on his blog "What If?", along with several new ones. The book is divided into several dozen chapters, most of which are devoted to answering a unique question. "What If?" was