L.H.O.O.Q. a late interview (Schwarz 203), Duchamp gives a loose translation of "L.H.O.O.Q." as "there is fire down below". Francis Picabia, in an attempt to publish "L.H.O.O.Q." in his magazine 391 could not wait for the work to be sent from New York City, so with the permission of Duchamp, drew the moustache on Mona Lisa himself (forgetting the goatee). Picabia wrote underneath "Tableau Dada par Marcel Duchamp". Duchamp noticed the missing goatee. Two decades later, Duchamp corrected the omission on Picabia's replica, found by Jean Arp at a bookstore. Duchamp drew the goatee in black ink with a fountain pen,
Marcel Duchamp included his first "machine" painting, "Coffee Mill (Moulin à café)" (1911), which he gave to his brother Raymond Duchamp-Villon. The later more figurative machine painting of 1914, "Chocolate Grinder" ("Broyeuse de chocolat"), prefigures the mechanism incorporated into the "Large Glass" on which he began work in New York the following year. Duchamp's first work to provoke significant controversy was "Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2" "(Nu descendant un escalier n° 2)" (1912). The painting depicts the mechanistic motion of a nude, with superimposed facets, similar to motion pictures. It shows elements of both the fragmentation and synthesis of the Cubists,