Jana Gana Mana the Indian National Congress. A separate poem, Vande Mataram, was created "national song" of India during both the colonial period and after independence in 1956. The poem was first sung on the second day of the annual session of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta (now Kolkata) on 27 December 1911, and again in January 1912 at the annual event of the Adi Brahmo Samaj. Though the Bengali song had been written in 1911, it was largely unknown except to the readers of the Adi Brahmo Samaj journal, "Tattwabodhini Patrika", of which Tagore was the editor. Song was performed by
Romanisation of Bengali many different transcriptions. Even simple words like মন "mind" may be pronounced "mon", "môn", or (in poetry) "mônô" (as in the Indian national anthem, "Jana Gana Mana"). Often, different phonemes are represented by the same symbol or grapheme. Thus, the vowel এ can represent either (এল "elo" "came") or (এক "êk" "one"). Occasionally, words written in the same way (homographs) may have different pronunciations for differing meanings: মত can mean "opinion" (pronounced "môt"), or "similar to" ("môtô"). Therefore, some important phonemic distinctions cannot be rendered in a transliteration model. In addition, to represent a Bengali word to allow speakers of