Bedřich Smetana the Czech opera repertory, but of these only "The Bartered Bride" is performed regularly outside the composer's homeland. After reaching Vienna in 1892, and London in 1895, it rapidly became part of the repertory of every major opera company worldwide. Newmarch argues that "The Bartered Bride", while not a "gem of the first order", is nevertheless "a perfectly cut and polished stone of its kind." Its trademark overture, which Newmarch says "lifts us off our feet with its madcap vivacity", was composed in a piano version before Smetana received the draft libretto. Clapham believes that this has few precedents in
Bride Trafficking in Haryana alleviate financial burdens associated with conventional marriage in favour of "dowry-free, no expenses" weddings offered by Haryanvi men. Those trafficked into marriage are bartered at prices based on their physicality such as health, age, beauty and virginity at prices ranging tom 5,000 rupees ($USD70) to 40,000 rupees ($USD600). Locals refer to the brides as "paro" or "molki" which are derogatory terms meaning "one who has a price." For the bride, marriage often means the end of their rights to bodily autonomy, freedom of movement and access to education as traditional gender roles require maintenance of the marital home and caregiving