Lithosphere of these xenoliths have been investigated by many methods, including analyses of abundances of isotopes of osmium and rhenium. Such studies have confirmed that mantle lithospheres below some cratons have persisted for periods in excess of 3 billion years, despite the mantle flow that accompanies plate tectonics. Lithosphere A lithosphere ( ["lithos"] for "rocky", and ["sphaira"] for "sphere") is the rigid, outermost shell of a terrestrial-type planet, or natural satellite, that is defined by its rigid mechanical properties. On Earth, it is composed of the crust and the portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of
What on Earth! habits and funeral rites of this "species." The film shows the earth from the view of the Martian flying machines which did not land but used cameras to film earth society. It then follows one average (what it believes to be) earthling and its civilization, by in effect showing a "day in the life" and how they live it. First, it shows one going through dinner with a precisely regulated feeding (vehicle refueling from a gas pump), then it must take its rest (pulling into an attached garage next to a house), because it will have a busy day the