Marcel Duchamp the Broken Arm", followed soon after. His "Fountain", a urinal signed with the pseudonym "R. Mutt", shocked the art world in 1917. "Fountain" was selected in 2004 as "the most influential artwork of the 20th century" by 500 renowned artists and historians. In 1919, Duchamp made a parody of the "Mona Lisa" by adorning a cheap reproduction of the painting with a mustache and goatee. To this he added the inscription "L.H.O.O.Q.", a phonetic game which, when read out loud in French quickly sounds like ""Elle a chaud au cul"". This can be translated as "She has a hot ass,"
Marcel Duchamp When he returned to Paris after World War I, Duchamp did not participate in the Dada group. "Readymades" were found objects which Duchamp chose and presented as art. In 1913, Duchamp installed a "Bicycle Wheel" in his studio. However, the idea of "Readymades" did not fully develop until 1915. The idea was to question the very notion of Art, and the adoration of art, which Duchamp found "unnecessary". "Bottle Rack" (1914), a bottle drying rack signed by Duchamp, is considered to be the first "pure" readymade. "Prelude to a Broken Arm" (1915), a snow shovel, also called "In Advance of