Marhatta (region) Marhatta (region) Marhatta or Maharatta/Maharatha (Devanagari: महाराठा) was a historical region in western Maharashtra in present-day Konkan and Desh regions. The region is invoked, along with Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat, Orissa, Bengal and South India as the different cultural regions of India in Rabindranath Tagore's poem which was chosen as the national anthem "Jana Gana Mana" of the newly-established Indian republic in 1950. Both the Marathas and the Marathi people originate from the place. The exact etymology of the name is uncertain. A theory is that the term is derived from "Maha" ("great") and "ratha" / "rathi" (chariot / charioteer), which
Music of Bengal — to protest the 1905 Partition of Bengal along communal lines: cutting off the Muslim-majority East Bengal from Hindu-dominated West Bengal was to avert a regional bloodbath. Tagore saw the partition as a cunning plan to stop the independence movement, and he aimed to rekindle Bengali unity and tar communalism. "Jana Gana Mana" was written in "shadhu-bhasha", a Sanskritised form of Bengali, and is the first of five stanzas of the Brahmo hymn "Bharot Bhagyo Bidhata" that Tagore composed. It was first sung in 1911 at a Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress and was adopted in 1950 by