Volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposit v. 46, p. 449-471. Volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposit Volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposits, also known as VMS ore deposits, are a type of metal sulfide ore deposit, mainly copper-zinc which are associated with and created by volcanic-associated hydrothermal events in submarine environments. These deposits are also sometimes called volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) deposits. The density generally is 4500 kg/m. They are predominantly stratiform accumulations of sulfide minerals that precipitate from hydrothermal fluids on or below the seafloor in a wide range of ancient and modern geological settings. In modern oceans they are synonymous with sulfurous plumes called black smokers.
Ore algebra Ore algebra In computer algebra, an Ore algebra is a special kind of iterated Ore extension that can be used to represent linear functional operators, including linear differential and/or recurrence operators. The concept is named after Øystein Ore. Let formula_1 be a (commutative) field and formula_2 be a commutative polynomial ring (with formula_3 when formula_4). The iterated skew polynomial ring formula_5 is called an Ore algebra when the formula_6 and formula_7 commute for formula_8, and satisfy formula_9, formula_10 for formula_11. Ore algebras satisfy the Ore condition, and thus can be embedded in a (skew) field of fractions. The constraint of