Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite accuracy and spatial resolution, and hence to study the structure and dynamics of the region, (ii) To investigate the distribution and variability of water vapour in the middle atmosphere, to determine its role in the atmospheric general circulation, and its sources and sinks in the middle atmosphere, (iii) To measure the global distribution of oxides of nitrogen and hence to investigate their origins and their roles in catalytic cycles which control the amount of ozone in the stratospheric ozone layer. It also made extensive observations of volcanic aerosols and polar stratospheric clouds in the middle atmosphere. The instrument operated from
Layer by layer assembly technique. By the fact that each bilayer can be as thin as 1 nm, this method offers easy control over the thickness with 1 nm resolution. LbL has found applications in protein purification, corrosion control, biomedical applications, ultrastrong materials, and many more. LbL composites from graphene oxide harbingered the appearance of numerous graphene and graphene oxide composites later on. The first use of reduced graphene oxide composites for lithium batteries was also demonstrated with LbL multilayers. Layer by layer Layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition is a thin film fabrication technique. The films are formed by depositing alternating layers of oppositely charged