Hatha yoga of self purification), 15 asana (postures: seated, laying down, and non-seated), pranayama (breathing) and kumbhaka (breath retention), mudras (internalized energetic practices), meditation, chakras (centers of energy), kundalini, nadanusandhana (concentration on inner sound), and other topics. "Hatha Yoga Pradipika" is the best known and most widely used Hatha yoga text. It consists of 389 "shlokas" (verses) in four chapters: Post-Hathapradipika texts on Hatha yoga include: Historically, Hatha yoga has been a broad movement across the Indian traditions, openly available to anyone. According to Mallinson, the Hatha yoga represented a trend towards the democratization of yoga insights and religion similar to the
Types of Karma (Jainism) Types of Karma (Jainism) According to Jain karma theory, there are eight main types of karma ("Prikriti") which are categorized into the ‘harming’ and the ‘non-harming’; each divided into four types. The harming karmas ("ghātiyā karmas") directly affect the soul powers by impeding its perception, knowledge and energy, and also brings about delusion. These harming karmas are: "darśanāvaraṇa" (perception obscuring karma), "Jnanavarniya" (knowledge obscuring karma), "antarāya" (obstacles creating karma) and "mohanīya" (deluding karma). The non-harming category ("aghātiyā karmas") is responsible for the reborn soul's physical and mental circumstances (nāma), longevity (āyuś), spiritual potential (gotra) and experience of pleasant and unpleasant