Hatha Yoga Pradipika gives the following variant titles, gleaned from different manuscript colophons: "Haṭhayogapradīpikā", "Haṭhapradīpikā", "Haṭhapradī", "Hath-Pradipika". The "Hatha Yoga Pradīpikā" was composed by Svātmārāma in the 15th century CE. as a compilation of the earlier hatha yoga texts. Svātmārāma incorporates older Sanskrit concepts into his popular synthesis. In the "Hatha Yoga Pradīpikā," Svātmārāma introduces his system as preparatory stage for physical purification that the body practices for higher meditation or yoga. It is based on asanas (postures) and pranayama (breathing techniques). "Hatha Yoga Pradīpikā" lists thirty-five earlier Haṭha Yoga masters (Skt. siddha), including Ādi Nātha, Matsyendranātha and Gorakṣanātha. The work consists of
Karma in Jainism propagators of Jainism and the 24th ' (ford-maker), had to bear the brunt of his previous karma before attaining "kevala jñāna" (enlightenment). He attained it only after bearing twelve years of severe austerity with detachment. The "" speaks of how Māhavīra bore his karma with complete equanimity, as follows: Karma forms a central and fundamental part of Jain faith, being intricately connected to other of its philosophical concepts like transmigration, reincarnation, liberation, non-violence ("ahiṃsā") and non-attachment, among others. Actions are seen to have consequences: some immediate, some delayed, even into future incarnations. So the doctrine of karma is not considered