President Truman's relief of General Douglas MacArthur creation of a professional military. This made civilian control increasingly problematic when coupled with the constitutional division of powers between the President as commander-in-chief, and the Congress with its power to raise armies, maintain a navy, and wage wars. In relieving MacArthur for failing to "respect the authority of the President" by privately communicating with Congress, Truman upheld the President's role as pre-eminent. Harry S. Truman became President of the United States on the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1945, and won an unexpected victory in the 1948 presidential election. He was the only president who served after 1897
Secretary-General to the President a claim Moynihan ridiculed in papers now available in the National Archives of Ireland. In the 1990s, the title of chief civil servant in the Irish government was changed from "Secretary to the Department" to "Secretary-General to the Department". The post of "Secretary to the President" however was left unchanged because the Office of the President was not technically a department. In 2004 a Bill was introduced into the Oireachtas to change the title from "Secretary to the President" to "Secretary-General to the President". The name change came into force in 2005. Secretary-General to the President The Secretary-General to the