County of Sicily was created by Robert Guiscard in 1071 for his younger brother Roger Bosso. Guiscard himself had received the title Duke of Sicily ("dux Siciliae") in 1059 from Pope Nicholas II as encouragement to conquer it from the Muslims. In 1061 the first permanent Norman conquest (Messina) was made and in 1071, after the fall of Palermo, the capital of the emirate and future capital of the county, Guiscard invested Roger with the title of count and gave him full jurisdiction in the island save for half the city of Palermo, Messina, and the Val Demone, which he retained for himself.
Podgorica Capital City Podgorica Capital City Podgorica Capital City (Montenegrin: "Glavni grad Podgorica" / Главни град Подгорица) is one of the territorial subdivisions of Montenegro. The seat of municipality is the city of Podgorica. As with other Montenegrin municipalities, the city and the municipality of Podgorica are governed by the same mayor and city assembly, forming one political body. See politics of Podgorica. Municipality of Podgorica is the only Montenegrin municipality to have "city municipality" (Montenegrin Latin: "gradska opština") - Golubovci (until 2018 and Tuzi). Those are semi-independent municipalities, with limited self-governing powers. The entire municipality of Podgorica is further divided into 57