Tianjin is the largest coastal city in northern China. In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the fourth largest in China, after Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in Mainland China. The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a treaty port since 1860, Tianjin has been a major seaport and gateway to Beijing. During the Boxer Rebellion the city was the seat of the Tianjin Provisional Government. Under the Qing dynasty and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in the region. At that time, numerous European-style
Human rights in China Currently, the largest independence effort comes from the Muslim-Turkic population in Xinjiang, which shares minimal cultural, lingual, or historical similarities with the Han population in China. While the Chinese government under Deng Xiaoping promises certain advantages to the Xinjiang population such as affirmative action in universities, greater liberties within China's one-child policy, and an increase in government subsidies to the region, the government also discourages and restricts the Muslim-Turkic ethnic population from freely practicing their religion, expressing their faith through head scarves, fasting, and facial hair, and building mosques freely. Furthermore, because of these advantages that the Chinese government grants