Agrippina the Younger Agrippina the Younger Agrippina the Younger (Latin: "Julia Agrippina"; 6 November AD 15 – 23 March AD 59), also referred to as Agrippina Minor ("Minor", which is Latin for ""the Younger"") was a Roman empress and one of the more prominent women in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Her father was Germanicus, a popular general and one-time heir apparent to the Roman Empire under Tiberius; and her mother was Agrippina the Elder, a granddaughter of the first Roman emperor Augustus. She was also the younger sister of Caligula, as well as the niece and fourth wife of Claudius. Both ancient and modern
Roman emperor to style themselves as Emperor of the Romans (later βασιλεύς Ῥωμαίων in Greek), but are often referred to in modern scholarship as Byzantine emperors. Constantine XI Palaiologos was the last Roman emperor in Constantinople, dying in the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans in 1453. The "Byzantine" emperors from Heraclius in 629 and onwards adopted the title of "basileus" (), which had originally meant "king" in Greek but became a title reserved solely for the Roman emperor and the ruler of the Sasanian Empire. Other kings were then referred to as "rēgas". In addition to their pontifical office, some emperors