Scrabble Showdown Flash". In this round, the team is given five over-sized "Scrabble Flash" cubes, each with a different letter. The first team has thirty seconds to make as many words as possible; each word must contain at least three letters, and each valid word is worth one point for each letter used; there is at least one valid five-letter word. Both teams play the same set of letters; the team that is to go second is isolated while the first team plays. The team with the higher score wins a prize and two "Bonus Scrabble Tiles." Before the round begins, a
P-value formula_16 (left-tail event) or the "smaller" of formula_17 and formula_15 (double-tailed event). Thus, the "p"-value is given by The smaller the "p"-value, the higher the significance because it tells the investigator that the hypothesis under consideration may not adequately explain the observation. The null hypothesis formula_4 is rejected if any of these probabilities is less than or equal to a small, fixed but arbitrarily pre-defined threshold value formula_23, which is referred to as the level of significance. Unlike the "p"-value, the formula_23 level is not derived from any observational data and does not depend on the underlying hypothesis; the value