President Truman's relief of General Douglas MacArthur creation of a professional military. This made civilian control increasingly problematic when coupled with the constitutional division of powers between the President as commander-in-chief, and the Congress with its power to raise armies, maintain a navy, and wage wars. In relieving MacArthur for failing to "respect the authority of the President" by privately communicating with Congress, Truman upheld the President's role as pre-eminent. Harry S. Truman became President of the United States on the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1945, and won an unexpected victory in the 1948 presidential election. He was the only president who served after 1897
President of the Philippines until the President or the Vice President shall have been elected and qualified, and be subject to the same restrictions of powers and disqualifications as the Acting President. The line of presidential succession as specified by Article VII, Section 8 of the Constitution of the Philippines are the Vice President, Senate President and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. The current Presidential line of succession is: Notes: Before the Malacañang Palace was designated as the official residence of the President, various establishments served as residence of the chief executive. The Spanish Governor-General, the highest-ranking official in the Philippines during