Africa the European powers that laid claim to African territories. The Berlin Conference sought to end the European powers' Scramble for Africa, by agreeing on political division and spheres of influence. They set up the political divisions of the continent, by spheres of interest, that exist in Africa today. Imperial rule by Europeans would continue until after the conclusion of World War II, when almost all remaining colonial territories gradually obtained formal independence. Independence movements in Africa gained momentum following World War II, which left the major European powers weakened. In 1951, Libya, a former Italian colony, gained independence. In 1956,
Movement for the Independence, Renaissance, and Integration of Africa in the 2002 presidential election, and afterwards MIRIA President Mamadou Lamine Traoré was named Minister of National Education. MIRIA's Second National Conference, at which Traoré reiterated the party's support for Touré, opened on December 16, 2006. The party participated in the Alliance for Democracy and Progress, which backed Touré for re-election in the 2007 presidential election. Traoré died in July 2007. In the 1 July and 22 July 2007 parliamentary election, the party won two out of 160 seats. Movement for the Independence, Renaissance, and Integration of Africa The Movement for the Independence, Renaissance, and Integration of Africa () is