Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH), also known as Sjaastad syndrome, is a severe debilitating unilateral headache usually affecting the area around the eye. It normally consists of multiple severe, yet short, headache attacks affecting only one side of the cranium. It is more commonly diagnosed in women than in men, but, unlike a migraine, has no neurological symptoms associated with it. CPH headaches are treated through the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, with indomethacin found to be usually effective in eliminating symptoms. Paroxysmal hemicrania is classified by the frequency and duration of attacks experienced by patients. Episodic paroxysmal
Relatively hyperbolic group a relatively hyperbolic group, as formulated by Bowditch goes as follows. A group "G" is said to be hyperbolic relative to a subgroup "H" if the coned off Cayley graph formula_2 has the properties: If only the first condition holds then the group "G" is said to be weakly relatively hyperbolic with respect to "H". The definition of the coned off Cayley graph can be generalized to the case of a collection of subgroups and yields the corresponding notion of relative hyperbolicity. A group "G" which contains no collection of subgroups with respect to which it is relatively hyperbolic is