Meteorological instrumentation rain gauge. In 1714, Gabriel Fahrenheit creates a reliable scale for measuring temperature with a mercury-type thermometer. In 1742, Anders Celsius, a Swedish astronomer, proposed the 'centigrade' temperature scale, the predecessor of the current Celsius scale. In 1783, the first hair hygrometer is demonstrated by Horace-Bénédict de Saussure. In 1806, Francis Beaufort introduced his system for classifying wind speeds. The April 1960 launch of the first successful weather satellite, TIROS-1, marked the beginning of the age where weather information became available globally. This was also used to measure the temperature of the surrounding air. A thermometer measures air temperature, or
Christian Mayer (astronomer) able to continue his astronomical observations and studies. He applied for and was granted in December 1765 a Fellowship of the Royal Society. He is most noted for pioneering the study of binary stars, although his equipment was ill-suitable for distinguishing between true binaries and coincident star alignments. In 1777-78 he compiled a catalog of 80 double stars, which he published in 1781. During his lifetime he became a member of numerous learned societies. He died in Heidelberg. Christian Mayer (astronomer) Christian Mayer (August 20, 1719 – April 16, 1783) was a Czech-German Catholic priest, astronomer and teacher. He was