Medical thermometer Bahamas, Belize, and the Cayman Islands. Prominent Dutch mathematician, astronomer and physicist Christiaan Huygens created a clinical thermometer in 1665, to which he added an early form of the centigrade scale by setting the scale to the freezing and boiling points of water. By 1742 Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius created the Celsius temperature scale that was the reverse of the modern scale, in that "0" was the boiling point of water, while "100" was freezing. It would later be reversed by Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus (1707–1778) in 1744. Working independently of Celsius, the Lyonnais physicist Jean-Pierre Christin, permanent secretary of
Anders Henrik Bull Anders Henrik Bull Anders Henrik Bull (25 January 1875 – after 1909) was a Norwegian electrical engineer. He was born in Minneapolis as the son of ophthalmologist Ole Bornemann Bull (1842–1916) and his first wife Marie Cathrine Lund (1843–1884). The family moved to Norway in 1876. He took his engineering education in Kristiania and Hannover. He returned to Norway from Hannover in 1901, and became noted in the engineering community for his pioneering work on wireless telegraphy. He also worked for Norsk Hydro, as a consultant to Kristian Birkeland, from 1906 to 1909, in that company's formative phase. He married