BCG vaccine extensively used even in countries where efficacy against pulmonary tuberculosis is negligible. A number of possible reasons for the variable efficacy of BCG in different countries have been proposed. None have been proven, some have been disproved, and none can explain the lack of efficacy in both low-TB burden countries (US) and high-TB burden countries (India). The reasons for variable efficacy have been discussed at length in a WHO document on BCG. BCG has protective effects against some non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. BCG has been one of the most successful immunotherapies. BCG vaccine has been the "standard of care for patients with
Inoculation needle to the needle so that the needle tip is submerged while maintaining the needle's original position. Careful swirling of the needle can help the inoculation of the microorganism from the needle to the sterile broth. The inoculated broth culture is then removed from the needle. Aseptic technique is applied to the open end of the broth culture to prevent contaminants, and the needle is flamed for sterilization. An inoculation needle is used to inoculate a slant culture in a fish tail inoculation technique. After the microorganisms transfer from the original microbial culture to the inoculation needle the sterile slant culture