Florin Florentine lire. The values of other countries' money continually varied against each other, reinforcing the florin's utility as a common measure of value for foreign exchange transactions. The word florin was borrowed in many other countries: for example, the Dutch guilder (abbreviated to Fl), as well as the coin first issued in 1344 by Edward III of England – then valued at six shillings, composed of 108 grains (6.99828 grams) of gold with a purity of 23 carats and 3 grains (or 23 carats) – and more recently relating to a British pre-decimal silver coin (later nickel silver) also known
Nine (purity) Nine (purity) Nines are an informal, yet common method of grading the purity of materials. very fine precious metals such as platinum, gold and silver. Based on the system of millesimal fineness, a metal is said to be "one nine" or "one nine fine" if it is 900 fine, or 90% pure. A metal that is 990 fine is then described as "two nines fine" and one that is 999 fine is described as "three nines fine". Thus, nines are a logarithmic scale of purity for very fine precious metals. Similarly, percentages ending in a 5 have conventional names, traditionally