Portuguese Colonial War and political rights, corruption, poverty, inequality, and failed central planning eroded the initial revolutionary zeal. A level of social order and economic development comparable to what had existed under Portuguese rule, including during the period of the Colonial War, became the goal of the independent territories. The former Portuguese territories in Africa became sovereign states, with Agostinho Neto in Angola, Samora Machel in Mozambique, Luís Cabral in Guinea-Bissau, Manuel Pinto da Costa in São Tomé and Príncipe, and Aristides Pereira in Cape Verde as the heads of state. When the Portuguese began trading on the west coast of Africa, in
West of India Portuguese Railway the Railway management. The railway was converted to broad gauge in 1998. West of India Portuguese Railway West of India Portuguese Railway (WIPR) was a metre gauge railway from the port of Mormugao (in the Portuguese enclave of Goa, now India) via Castle Rock to Londa junction with the Southern Mahratta Railway (SMR). In the year 1878, an agreement was signed between the West of India Portuguese Guaranteed Railway Company (WIPR) and Portuguese Government of Portuguese India for construction of Harbour and connected Railway but the railway work started only in 1882. In December 1887, The total length of existing