Toxic multinodular goitre Toxic multinodular goitre Toxic multinodular goiter (also known as toxic nodular goiter, or Plummer's disease) is an active multinodular goiter associated with hyperthyroidism. It is a common cause of hyperthyroidism in which there is excess production of thyroid hormones from functionally autonomous thyroid nodules, which do not require stimulation from thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Toxic multinodular goiter is the second most common cause of hyperthyroidism (after Graves' disease) in the developed world, whereas iodine deficiency is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in developing-world countries where the population is iodine-deficient. (Decreased iodine leads to decreased thyroid hormone.) However, iodine deficiency
ZC4H2 deficiency neurological manifestations. These can include: To date, there is no cure or effective treatment for this condition. Current approach is limited to supportive therapies and interventions. ZC4H2 deficiency ZC4H2 (Zinc finger C4H2-type) is a protein-coding gene located on the X-chromosome. This gene encodes a protein which is a member of the so-called zinc finger domain-containing protein family. There is currently very limited understanding about the ZC4H2 gene and its protein function. Any pathogenic variant of ZC4H2 which is associated with a clinical phenotype is referred to as "ZC4H2 Deficiency". The limited research published to date indicates that ZC4H2 is expressed