African cuisine encompasses within its fold several nations, including Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Tunisia, Egypt and Sudan. The roots of North African cuisine can be traced back to the ancient empires of North Africa, particularly in Egypt, where many of the country's dishes and culinary traditions date back to antiquity. Over several centuries traders, travelers, invaders, migrants and immigrants all have influenced the cuisine of North Africa. The Phoenicians of the 1st century brought sausages, while the Carthaginians introduced wheat and its by-product, semolina. The Berbers adapted semolina into couscous, one of the main staple foods. Olives and olive oil were introduced before
Semolina (horse) pounds respectively. In September Semolina started favourite for the Park Hill Stakes at Doncaster Racecourse but faded badly in the closing stages and came home last of the three runners behind Ponza and Star. At Newmarket in October she was dropped back to sprint distances for the Great Eastern Railway Handicap but finished unplaced under a weight of 108 pounds. After her retirement from racing Semolina became a broodmare for the Duke of Portland's stud. She produced at least five foals and one good winner between 1896 and 1902: Semolina (horse) Semolina (1887 – after 1902) was a British Thoroughbred