Nicholas Roosevelt (inventor) 74-gun ships. In 1797, with Robert R. Livingston and John Stevens, he agreed to build a boat on joint account, for which the engines were to be constructed by Roosevelt, and the propelling agency was to be that planned by Livingston. The experiment failed, the speed attained being only equivalent to about in still water. On September 6, 1798, Roosevelt described and earnestly recommended to Livingston a vertical wheel, which is the first practical suggestion of the combination that made steam navigation a commercial success, although four years later Robert Fulton believed that chains and floats were alone to be
Ottoman submarine Abdül Hamid balanced which was made even worse when firing off a torpedo. After a few more trials that showed their limitations, the "Abdul Hamid" and "Abdul Mecid" were withdrawn from active service in 1910 and were scrapped not far from where they were first assembled. Ottoman submarine Abdül Hamid The submarine Abdül Hamid (also "Abdülhamid") was an early steam powered submarine built in England in 1886 at the Barrow Shipyard. It was bought and put in service by the Ottoman Navy and named after Sultan Abdülhamid II. It was also the first submarine in the world to fire a live torpedo