Toxic multinodular goitre can cause goitre (thyroid enlargement); within a goitre, nodules can develop. Risk factors for toxic multinodular goiter include individuals over 60 years of age and being female. Symptoms of toxic multinodular goitre are similar to that of hyperthyroidism, including: Sequence of events: Toxic multinodular goiter can be treated with antithyroid medications such as propylthiouracil or methimazole, radioactive iodine, or with surgery. Another treatment option is injection of ethanol into the nodules. The usage of terminology for types of goiter has varied over the past century. Physicians and surgeons tend to differentiate among solitary-nodule goiter, multinodular goiter, and non-nodular goiter more
ZC4H2 deficiency neurological manifestations. These can include: To date, there is no cure or effective treatment for this condition. Current approach is limited to supportive therapies and interventions. ZC4H2 deficiency ZC4H2 (Zinc finger C4H2-type) is a protein-coding gene located on the X-chromosome. This gene encodes a protein which is a member of the so-called zinc finger domain-containing protein family. There is currently very limited understanding about the ZC4H2 gene and its protein function. Any pathogenic variant of ZC4H2 which is associated with a clinical phenotype is referred to as "ZC4H2 Deficiency". The limited research published to date indicates that ZC4H2 is expressed