Battle of the Tagus of Portugal and abolition of the Constitutional Charter had put the country under the rule of an absolutist monarch. Liberals challenged this usurpation, and the struggle of the Liberal Wars ensued. The government of Miguel I was hostile to France, and became even more so when the popular insurrection of the July Revolution deposited the absolutist Bourbon king Charles X, and established a constitutional monarchy in which Louis-Philippe had become "King of the French". Miguel Refused to recognise the Monarchy of July, while neither the French nor the British government recognised his. In early 1831, a French citizen, Edmond Potentin
SS Monarch (1885) the course of the hearing, unsurprisingly, Mr. Webb blamed the "Monarch" stating:- As would be expected, during the course of his deposition, Capt. McCullough made a different assertion:- From the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, it would appear that the crew of the "Peveril" were to blame. International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea; Part B – Steering and sailing; Section II (for vessels in sight of one another); Article 15. Crossing situations stating:- SS Monarch (1885) SS "Monarch" No. 90117 was a tramp steamer which was operated by Alexander King Ltd, Belfast. She was involved in a