Human rights in Rwanda withdrawal of Belgium from Africa in 1962, Rwanda separated from Rwanda-Urundi by referendum, which also eliminated the Tutsi monarchy, the mwami. In 1963, the Hutu government killed 14 000 Tutsi, after Tutsi guerillas attacked Rwanda from Burundi. The government maintained mandatory ethnic identity cards, and capped Tutsi numbers in universities and the civil service. During the Rwandan genocide in 1994, 800,000 people were murdered. Subsequent governments, including the current government led by President Paul Kagame, have committed grave violations of human rights. On 22 April 1995 the Rwandan Patriotic Army killed more than 4,000 people in the Kibeho massacre. In
Media of Rwanda and the government has also focused on improving the television industry in Rwanda. A major share of the market is controlled by nine indigenous publishers, among which four have opened bookshops in the country. Before the Rwandan Genocide, there were no publishing houses in Rwanda. The situation improved after the incident, with the first indigenous publisher established in the country, "Bakame Editions". Since the turn of the century, major publishers from all across the world such as Oxford University Press and Macmillan Publishers have begun making inroads into the local publishing industry. However, the establishment of publishing houses locally and