Nicholas Roosevelt (inventor) 74-gun ships. In 1797, with Robert R. Livingston and John Stevens, he agreed to build a boat on joint account, for which the engines were to be constructed by Roosevelt, and the propelling agency was to be that planned by Livingston. The experiment failed, the speed attained being only equivalent to about in still water. On September 6, 1798, Roosevelt described and earnestly recommended to Livingston a vertical wheel, which is the first practical suggestion of the combination that made steam navigation a commercial success, although four years later Robert Fulton believed that chains and floats were alone to be
First Four Ships member of the Canterbury Association, and Port Levy's name was never changed. "Randolph", "Cressy", , and "Charlotte Jane" together carried an estimated 790 passengers. In addition, about another 60 worked their passage on the ships or deserted and disembarked. The first of the vessels, "Charlotte Jane", landed at Lyttelton Harbour on the morning of 16 December 1850. "Randolph" followed that afternoon. "Sir George Seymour" arrived on 17 December, followed ten days later by "Cressy" on 27 December. "Cressy" had taken longer because she had lost her foremast south of the Cape of Good Hope. The "colonists", who travelled in the