Battle of the Tagus of Portugal and abolition of the Constitutional Charter had put the country under the rule of an absolutist monarch. Liberals challenged this usurpation, and the struggle of the Liberal Wars ensued. The government of Miguel I was hostile to France, and became even more so when the popular insurrection of the July Revolution deposited the absolutist Bourbon king Charles X, and established a constitutional monarchy in which Louis-Philippe had become "King of the French". Miguel Refused to recognise the Monarchy of July, while neither the French nor the British government recognised his. In early 1831, a French citizen, Edmond Potentin
Marquesan monarch Marquesan monarch The Marquesan monarch ("Pomarea mendozae") is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to French Polynesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss. The Marquesan monarch was originally described in the genus "Monarcha". Two subspecies are recognized with one of them now extinct: Additionally, two former subspecies were each re-classified as separate species in 2012: The Marquesan monarch was once fairly common and widespread in the Marquesas inhabiting islands such as Ua Pou,