Battle of the Tagus of Portugal and abolition of the Constitutional Charter had put the country under the rule of an absolutist monarch. Liberals challenged this usurpation, and the struggle of the Liberal Wars ensued. The government of Miguel I was hostile to France, and became even more so when the popular insurrection of the July Revolution deposited the absolutist Bourbon king Charles X, and established a constitutional monarchy in which Louis-Philippe had become "King of the French". Miguel Refused to recognise the Monarchy of July, while neither the French nor the British government recognised his. In early 1831, a French citizen, Edmond Potentin
Dara Monarch from Tender King. In June Dara Monarch ran for the second time in Englan when he contested the St James's Palace Stakes (then a Group Two race) at Royal Ascot. The Henry Cecil-trained Ivano started 2/1 favourite, not so much because of his wins in the Feilden Stakes and Dee Stakes, but because of his reportedly outstanding performances on the training gallops. Dara Monarch was the 7/2 second choice, with the other seven runners including his old rivals Wind and Wuthering, Tender King, Anfield, Red Sunset and Achieved. Wind and Wuthering set the pace before giving was to Red Sunset