Tonnage and poundage to be one of the complaints of his Long Parliament. The refusal of and subsequent disputes about tonnage and poundage rights is seen as one of the many events bearing responsibility for the English Civil War. Tonnage and poundage Tonnage and Poundage were certain duties and taxes first levied in Edward II's reign on every tun (cask) of imported wine, which came mostly from Spain and Portugal, and on every pound weight of merchandise exported or imported. Traditionally tonnage and poundage was granted by Parliament to the king for life until the reign of Charles I. Tonnage and poundage were
Institute for Responsible Citizenship led by Institute scholars. The boys: Since 2003, the Institute has grown to serve more than 150 scholars and alumni across the country. They have a wide variety of interests and represent small liberal arts colleges, large universities, Ivy League institutions, and historically Black college and universities. Alumni have been accepted to all of the nation's top law schools and many of the nation's leading graduate programs. Alumni of the program include a Rhodes Scholar, numerous Truman Scholars, and other successful professionals working in the legal, business, education, non-profit and artistic sectors. Institute for Responsible Citizenship The Institute for Responsible