Trainspotting (novel) grown eloquent". The novel has since achieved a cult status, added to by the global success of the film based on it, "Trainspotting" (1996), directed by Danny Boyle. Welsh wrote a sequel, "Porno", in 2002. "Skagboys", a novel that serves as a prequel, was published in April 2012. The novel is split up into seven sections: the first six contain multiple chapters of varying length and differing focus. The novel's origins in short fiction are still visible though no segment or chapter is wholly independent of the others. The majority of the stories are narrated by the novel's central protagonist,
Prequel Royale". The creators of both "Batman Begins" and "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" also stated their intent to dispense with the continuity of the previous films so they would exist as separate pieces of work, with Christopher Nolan—director of "Batman Begins"—explicitly stating he does not consider it a prequel. Here, "prequel" denotes status as a "franchise-renewing original" that depicts events earlier in the (internally inconsistent) narrative cycle than those of a previous installment. Most reviewers require that a prequel must lead up to the beginning of its original work, which is inconsistent with works that dispense with the