Russian oligarch 2004, Putin apparently engaged in a power-struggle with some oligarchs, reaching a "grand bargain" with them. This bargain allowed the oligarchs to maintain their powers, in exchange for their explicit support of – and alignment with – Putin's government. Many more business people have become oligarchs during Putin's time in power, and often due to personal relations with Putin, such as the rector of the institute where Putin obtained a degree in 1996, Vladimir Litvinenko, and Putin's childhood friend and judo-teacher Arkady Rotenberg. However, other analysts argue that the oligarchic structure has remained intact under Putin, with Putin devoting much
Igor Rotenberg station. At the end of 2016, TPS Real Estate managed 12 shopping center with a total area of over 2 million square meters. In 2016, Igor Rotenberg was at the center of a controversy surrounding , a company he half-owns, and alleged discrepancies in its contracts with the federal road agency, Rosavtodor. Operated by RT Invest, the Platon toll system electronically tracks and charges tolls to trucks over 12 tons on Russian Federal roads. With a 25% ownership by Rotenberg and using satellite tracking data, ScanEx (), a subsidiary of RT Invest, is developing an electronic map of the of