Vitamin K deficiency thus activate) certain enzymes involved in coagulation: Factors II, VII, IX, X, and protein C and protein S. Inability to activate the clotting cascade via these factors leads to the bleeding symptoms mentioned above. Notably, when one examines the lab values in Vitamin K deficiency [see below] the prothrombin time is elevated, but the partial thromboplastin time is normal or only mildly prolonged. This may seem counterintuitive given that the deficiency leads to decreased activity in factors of both the intrinsic pathway (F-IX) which is monitored by PTT, as well as the extrinsic pathway (F-VII) which is monitored by PT.
Vitamin A deficiency in 2007 and will cover 18 countries. The program gives children two high-dose vitamin A and antiparasitic supplements (twice a year for four years), which provides children with enough of the nutrient during their most vulnerable years to prevent them from going blind and suffering from other life-threatening diseases related to VAD. About 75% the vitamin A required for supplementation activity by developing countries is supplied by the Micronutrient Initiative with support from the Canadian International Development Agency. An estimated 1.25 million deaths due to VAD have been averted in 40 countries since 1998. In 2008, an estimated annual investment