Coronation of the French monarch of the nobility acted as representatives of the ancient lay peerages. Spiritual peers were also represented if their see is vacant or they are unable to attend (such as the bishops of Langres, Noyon and Beauvais, who were enemies of Charles VII during the Hundred Years' War). Since 987, the kings of France were all crowned in Reims Cathedral, with the exception of Hugh Capet, Robert II, Louis VI, John I, Henry IV and Louis XVIII. In July 3, 987, Hugh Capet was crowned King of France in the cathedral of Noyon. This marks the end of the Carolingian dynasty.
Black-crowned tanager Black-crowned tanager The black-crowned tanager or black-crowned palm-tanager ("Phaenicophilus palmarum") is a species of bird of the family Phaenicophilidae, which was formerly placed in the family Thraupidae. It is found in Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical mangrove forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, and heavily degraded former forest. In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the black-crowned tanager in his "Ornithologie" based on a specimen collected in Cayenne in French Guiana. He used the French name