Shubunkin Shubunkin The Shubunkin was created by Yoshigoro Akiyama （, by crossing Calico telescope eye with a Comet goldfish and a Common goldfish. Shubunkins are similar to the common goldfish and comet goldfish in appearance. They were first bred in Japan, from mutations in telescope eye goldfish (Demekins) "c." 1900. They have streamlined bodies with well-developed and even fins. However, the Shubunkins are calico goldfish; they possess nacreous scales (an intermediate between metallic and transparent scales that are pearly in appearance). The overlapping patches of red, white, blue, grey and black (along with dark speckles) normally extend to the finnage of
A New Kind of Science often generate great complexity is already an established idea in science, particularly in chaos theory and complex systems. A New Kind of Science A New Kind of Science is a best-selling, controversial book by Stephen Wolfram, published by his own company in 2002. It contains an empirical and systematic study of computational systems such as cellular automata. Wolfram calls these systems "simple programs" and argues that the scientific philosophy and methods appropriate for the study of simple programs are relevant to other fields of science. The thesis of "A New Kind of Science" ("NKS") is twofold: that the nature of