French Crown Jewels Holy Ampulla, performed for the first time at Notre-Dame de Reims in 816 for Louis the Pious, then with the Crown of Charlemagne. From 888 to 922, then 1027, all monarchs were crowned until the French revolution, in the Notre-Dame de Reims cathedral (apart from Louis VI and Henry IV, who were crowned in Orléans and Chartres). After the revolution, only Emperor Napoleon I, Empress Josephine and King Charles X were crowned. Though not always used, a set of expensive crown jewels did exist and was augmented by various monarchs. The Crown Jewels or "Diamants de la Couronne de France",
Four Crowned Martyrs Four Crowned Martyrs The designation Four Crowned Martyrs or Four Holy Crowned Ones (Latin, "Sancti Quatuor Coronati") refers to nine individuals venerated as martyrs and saints in the Catholic Church. The nine saints are divided into two groups: According to the "Golden Legend", the names of the members of the first group were not known at the time of their death "but were learned through the Lord’s revelation after many years had passed." They were called the "Four Crowned Martyrs" because their names were unknown ("crown" referring to the crown of martyrdom). Severus (or Secundius), Severian(us), Carpophorus, and Victorinus were