Mitral valve replacement cardiac surgery must be divided into pre-, intra- and postoperative. The incidence, phenomenology, and duration of symptoms diverge from patient to patient, and are difficult to define. One wonders whether any of the patients in either group in this analysis underwent any mechanical cardiac valve replacement. If so, one has to consider , described by Victor Skumin in 1978 as a “cardioprosthetic psychopathological syndrome” associated with mechanical heart valve implant and manifested by irrational fear, anxiety, depression and sleep disorder. A common postoperative complication with mitral valve surgery in a study involving 99 patients who had surgery for mitral regurgitation
Mitral insufficiency of the regurgitant flow at the level of the valve. This is known as the regurgitant orifice area, and correlates with the size of the defect in the mitral valve. One particular echocardiographic technique used to measure the orifice area is measurement of the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA). The flaw of using PISA to determine the mitral valve regurgitant orifice area is that it measures the flow at one moment in time in the cardiac cycle, which may not reflect the average performance of the regurgitant jet. The treatment of mitral insufficiency depends on the acuteness of the disease