Culture of the United Kingdom fried rice, chips and curry sauce). The earliest recipe for the crisp ("potato chip" in North America) is in English food writer William Kitchiner's 1822 cookbook "The Cook's Oracle". In 1920, Frank Smith of The Smiths Potato Crisps Company Ltd packaged a twist of salt with his crisps in greaseproof paper bags, which were sold around London. In the 1950s, Irish crisps company Tayto developed a technology to add seasoning during manufacture, producing the first seasoned crisps: Cheese & Onion and Salt & Vinegar. The crisp market in the UK is dominated by Walkers, which holds 56 per cent of
PepsiCo efficient means of producing and distributing its products using less energy, while also placing a focus on emissions reduction. In a comparison of 2009 energy usage with recorded usage in 2006, the company's per-unit use of energy was reduced by 16 percent in its beverage plants and 7 percent in snack plants. In 2009, Tropicana (owned by PepsiCo) was the first brand in the U.S. to determine the carbon footprint of its orange juice product, as certified by the Carbon Trust, an outside auditor of carbon emissions. Also in 2009, PepsiCo began the test deployment of so-called "green vending machines",