Alkaloid use of Ephedra and opium poppies. Also, coca leaves have been used by South American Indians since ancient times. Extracts from plants containing toxic alkaloids, such as aconitine and tubocurarine, were used since antiquity for poisoning arrows. Studies of alkaloids began in the 19th century. In 1804, the German chemist Friedrich Sertürner isolated from opium a "soporific principle" (), which he called "morphium" in honor of Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams; in German and some other Central-European languages, this is still the name of the drug. The term "morphine", used in English and French, was given by the French
Pascal (given name) Pascal (given name) Pascal is a common masculine Francophone given name, cognate of Italian name Pasquale, Spanish name Pascual, Catalan name Pasqual. "Pascal" is common in French-speaking countries, Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands. Derived feminine forms include "Pascale", "Pascalle" or "Pascalina". Pascal is also common as a surname in France, and in Italy (in Piedmont, Aosta Valley and, as "De Pascal", in Friuli-Venezia Giulia). Pascal derives from the Latin "paschalis" or "pashalis", which means "relating to Easter", from the Latin term for "Easter", "pascha", Greek Πάσχα, from the Aramaic "pasḥā" (Hebrew "pesach") "Passover" (since the Hebrew holiday Passover coincides closely