Ultraviolet not necessarily coincide; for example one applied physics publication used a boundary of 190 nm between hard and soft UV regions. Very hot objects emit UV radiation (see black-body radiation). The Sun emits ultraviolet radiation at all wavelengths, including the extreme ultraviolet where it crosses into X-rays at 10 nm. Extremely hot stars emit proportionally more UV radiation than the Sun. Sunlight in space at the top of Earth's atmosphere (see solar constant) is composed of about 50% infrared light, 40% visible light, and 10% ultraviolet light, for a total intensity of about 1400 W/m in vacuum. However, at ground
Ultraviolet communication in butterflies some species this distinction is not seen at all times, and UV patterns may vary visually depending on the position of reflecting light. This can be seen in the common brimstone, where males will exhibit male or female patterns of iridescence with different positions, distances, and angles of light - this is known as the "gynandromorphic" effect. The ultraviolet communication system employed by butterflies is also used an indicator of male sex to other rival males in the butterfly, "Colias eurytheme". In this species, only males are able to reflect ultraviolet light off the dorsal side of their wings, while