Scotland in the modern era to become a cattle breed of worldwide reputation. Scotland was already one of the most urbanised societies in Europe by 1800. The industrial belt ran across the country from southwest to northeast; by 1900 the four industrialised counties of Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, Dunbartonshire, and Ayrshire contained 44 per cent of the population. Glasgow and the River Clyde became a major shipbuilding centre. Glasgow became one of the largest cities in the world, and known as "the Second City of the Empire" after London. Shipbuilding on Clydeside (the river Clyde through Glasgow and other points) began when the first small yards were
School debating in Scotland new competition, the East of Scotland Debater, has since started. Regional heats have taken place and the final will be held on 4 June in St Andrews University's Parliament Hall. Finalists are Robert Gordon's College, Morrison's Academy, the High School of Dundee and Forfar Academy. The largest competition in Scotland for S1-S3 debaters and is run by English-Speaking Union Scotland. The 2006/7 competition received 113 entries. The competition is in BP format, with four teams of two competing in the debate. The 2007 grand final took place in the National Galleries of Scotland. The winners were Georgina Barker and Hannah