Vanessa cardui migrations take place at high altitude, which explains why these migrations are seldom witnessed. "V. cardui" is known for its distinct migratory behavior. In California, they are usually seen flying from north to northwest. These migrations appear to be partially initiated by heavy winter rains in the desert where rainfall controls the growth of larval food plants. Painted lady migration patterns are highly erratic and they do not migrate every year. Some evidence suggests that global climatic events, such as el Niño, may affect the migratory behavior of the painted lady butterflies, causing large-scale migrations. Based on experimental data, the
Black and White America Black and White America Black and White America is the ninth studio album by American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, producer, and arranger Lenny Kravitz, released on August 30, 2011. It is considered Kravitz's long-awaited funk studio album originally intended for release before "Baptism"'s last minute songwriting sessions. The album also produced six singles released in 2011 and 2012. On his official website, Kravitz stated, "I don't know what it's called yet, it felt like "Negrophilia", and then... it felt like something else." On December 13, 2010 Kravitz announced that the new album was to be called "Black and White America", and