Tax evasion in the United States expenditures throughout the tax year. The IRS then compares the increase in net worth and the cash expenditures with the reported taxable income over time in order to determine the legitimacy of the taxpayer's reported income. The net worth method was first used in the case of "Capone v. United States". The cash method was approved in 1989 in "United States v. Hogan". First approved by the Eighth Circuit in 1935 in "Gleckman v. United States", the bank deposit cash expenditure method identifies tax evasion through review of the taxpayer's bank deposits. This method of investigation primarily focuses on whether
Tax evasion at least €17 billion for France, €4.5 billion in Italy, €1.7 billion in Denmark and €201 million for Belgium. A paper by economists Annette Alstadsæter, Niels Johannesen and Gabriel Zucman, which used data from HSBC Switzerland (“Swiss leaks”) and Mossack Fonseca (“Panama Papers”), found that "on average about 3% of personal taxes are evaded in Scandinavia, but this figure rises to about 30% in the top 0.01% of the wealth distribution... Taking tax evasion into account increases the rise in inequality seen in tax data since the 1970s markedly, highlighting the need to move beyond tax data to capture income