Ciguatera fish poisoning bed rest subsequent to a guanabana juice enema. In Puerto Rico, natives drink a tea made from mangrove buttons, purportedly high in B vitamins, to flush the toxic symptoms from the system. There has never been a funded study of these treatments. Other folk treatments range from directly porting and bleeding the gastrointestinal tract to "cleansing" the diseased with a dove during a Santería ritual. Ciguatera fish poisoning Ciguatera fish poisoning, also known simply as ciguatera, is a foodborne illness caused by eating reef fish whose flesh is contaminated with certain toxins. Symptoms may include diarrhea, vomiting, numbness, itchiness, sensitivity
Foodborne illness and The World Health Organization published have made a global ranking of food-borne parasites using a multicriteria ranking tool concluding that "Taenia solium" was the most relevant, followed by "Echinococcus granulosus", "Echinococcus multilocularis", and "Toxoplasma gondii". The same method was used regionally to rank the most important food-borne parasites in Europe ranking "Echinococcus multilocularis" of highest relevance, followed by "Toxoplasma gondii" and "Trichinella spiralis". Food may be contaminated during all stages of food production and retailing. In order to prevent viral contamination, regulatory authorities in Europe have enacted several measures: Foodborne illness Foodborne illness (also foodborne disease and colloquially referred