Vanessa cardui Vanessa cardui Vanessa cardui is a well-known colorful butterfly, known as the painted lady, or in North America as the cosmopolitan. "V. cardui" is one of the most widespread of all butterflies, found on every continent except Antarctica and South America. In Australia, "V. cardui" has a limited range around Bunbury, Fremantle, and Rottnest Island. However, its close relative, the Australian painted lady ("V. kershawi", sometimes considered a subspecies) ranges over half the continent. Other closely related species are the American painted lady ("V. virginiensis") and the West Coast lady ("V. annabella"). "V. cardui" occurs in any temperate zone, including
Black-and-orange flycatcher insects an hour whereas at mid-day they are half as efficient. The black-and-orange flycatcher along with the rufous-chested flycatcher ("Ficedula dumetoria") are the only sedentary species within the genus "Ficedula" and lack the longer and more pointed wing morphology of the long distant migrant members. Black-and-orange flycatcher The black-and-orange flycatcher or black-and-rufous flycatcher ("Ficedula nigrorufa") is a species of flycatcher endemic to the central and southern Western Ghats, the Nilgiris and Palni hill ranges in southern India. It is unique among the "Ficedula" flycatchers in having rufous coloration on its back and prior to molecular studies was suggested to be