Galanthus plicatus subspecies are recognized: "Galanthus plicatus" is native from eastern Europe (Romania, Ukraine and Crimea) through Turkey to the north-west Caucasus. "G. plicatus" subsp. "plicatus" is found throughout the range of the species, "G. plicatus" subsp. "byzantinus" only in north-west Turkey. The species is found in woodland and scrub, usually in shade. Galanthus plicatus Galanthus plicatus is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaryllidaceae, native from Romania, Ukraine and Crimea in eastern Europe to north Turkey and the north-west Caucasus in Asia. "Galanthus plicatus" is a bulbous perennial plant, growing to about 15 cm tall. Its leaves are bluish
Chlamydomonas nivalis such that it is covered by the carotenoid globules full of astaxanthin that will provide protection against UV radiation. The majority (91%) of astaxanthin derivatives are stored in its monoester form within dormant "C. nivalis" red cysts. Astaxanthin is the pigment that makes the cell appear deep red. Other pigments that can also be found in "C. nivalis" include violaxanthin and fadonirubin. Visible algal blooms could be a crucial determinant of surface albedo. It has been suggested that algal blooms partially composed of "C. nivalis" may contribute to lowering ice and snow albedo. The red coloured pigments produced by the