Winnipeg of Métis, led by Louis Riel, and newcomers from eastern Canada. General Garnet Wolseley was sent to put down the uprising. The Manitoba Act of 1870 made Manitoba the fifth province of the three-year-old Canadian Confederation. Treaty 1, which encompassed the city and much of the surrounding area, was signed on 3 August 1871 by representatives of the Crown and local Indigenous groups, comprising the Brokenhead Ojibway, Sagkeeng, Long Plain, Peguis, Roseau River Anishinabe, Sandy Bay and Swan Lake communities. On 8 November 1873, Winnipeg was incorporated as a city, with the Selkirk settlement as its nucleus. Métis legislator and
Demographics of Winnipeg followed by French which is the mother-tongue for about 4% of the population. The Aboriginal community is large in Winnipeg. Winnipeg not only has the highest percentage of Aboriginals (11.1%) for any major Canadian city (population 100,000+), but also has the highest total number of Aboriginals living off of the reserves in one city, despite only being the 7th largest city in Canada. There are 72,335 who live in Winnipeg as of 2011, approximately 20,000 more than 10 years ago. That number is more than 30,000 more Aboriginals than the second city with 41,985, which is Edmonton. Winnipeg also has