Fear of flying persistent fear or anxiety when they consider flying, as well as during flying. They will avoid flying if they can, and the fear, anxiety, and avoidance cause significant distress and impair their ability to function. Take-off, bad weather, and turbulence appear to be the most anxiety provoking aspects of flying. The most extreme manifestations can include panic attacks or vomiting at the mere sight or mention of an aircraft or air travel. Around 60% of people with fear of flying report having some other anxiety disorder. The causes of flight phobia and the mechanisms by which it is maintained were
Assault occasioning actual bodily harm including psychiatric injury but it does not include mere emotion, such as fear, distress or panic ..."</poem> In "DPP v. Smith (Michael Ross)", Judge P. said: Glanville Williams said that actual bodily harm is a silly expression because it suggests that there is some form of bodily harm that is not actual. In "DPP v Smith (Michael Ross)", the defendant held down his former girlfriend and cut off her ponytail with kitchen scissors a few weeks before her 21st birthday. The Magistrates acquitted him on the ground that, although there was undoubtedly an assault, it had not caused actual bodily