Lake Nemrut caldera are the trees dwarf juniper ("Juniperus communis"), Norway maple ("Acer platanoides"), European mountain ash ("Sorbus aucuparia"), common buckthorn ("Rhamnus cathartica"), sessile oak ("Quercus petraea"), pedunculate oak ("Quercus robur"), white willow ("Salix alba"), and the shrubs coinwort cotoneaster ("Cotoneaster nummularius"), cherry plum ("Prunus divaricata"), grey willow ("Salix cinerea"), Greek juniper ("Juniperus excelsa"), breaking buckthorn ("Frangula alnus"), alder buckthorn ("Frangula alnus") and mahaleb cherry ("Prunus mahaleb"). Steppe-like vegetation is spread over wide areas in the caldera. Those are mainly species of milkvetch ("Astragalus"). Other subshrubs and herbaceous plants are prickly thrift ("Acantholimon"), sainfoin ("Onobrychis"), sheep's sorrel ("Rumex acetosella"), "Thymus", "Alyssum", sheep's
Sorbus aucuparia damp, acidic, low on nutrients, sandy, and loose. It often grows in stony soil or clay soil, but also sandy soil or wet peat. The plant grows best on fresh, loose, and fertile soil, prefers average humidity, and does not tolerate saline soil or waterlogging. It can be found in light woodland of all kinds and as a pioneer species over fallen dead trees or in clearcuttings, and at the edge of forests or at the sides of roads. Seeds of "S. aucuparia" germinate easily, so the plant may appear on inaccessible rock, ruins, branch forks, or on hollow trees.