Newtonian telescope secondary mirror. This design reduces the size and cost of the telescope with a shorter overall telescope tube length (with the corrector extending the focal length in a "telephoto" type layout) combined with a less costly spherical mirror. Commercially produced versions of this design have been noted to be optically compromised due to the difficulty of producing a correctly shaped sub-aperture corrector in a telescope targeted at the inexpensive end of the telescope market. Newtonian telescope The Newtonian telescope, also called the Newtonian reflector or just the Newtonian, is a type of reflecting telescope invented by the English scientist Sir
Newtonian fluid liquid, and not diagonal components – turbulence eddy viscosity. The following equation illustrates the relation between shear rate and shear stress: formula_29 Where: 𝜏 = Shear stress µ = Viscosity dV/dy = Shear rate If viscosity is constant, the fluid is Newtonian.Power Law Model The Power Law Model is used to display the behavior of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids and measures shear stress as a function of strain rate. formula_30 formula_31= Absolute Value of the Strain Rate to the (n-1) power formula_32 = Velocity Gradient n = power law index ( n =1 for Newtonian Fluids), typically n = 0.5