Mustard (condiment) The second element comes also from Latin "ardens", (hot, flaming). It was first attested in English in the late 13th century, though it was found as a surname a century earlier. Archeological excavations in the Indus Valley (Indian Subcontinent) have revealed that mustard was cultivated there. That civilization existed until about 1800 BC. The Romans were probably the first to experiment with the preparation of mustard as a condiment. They mixed unfermented grape juice (the must) with ground mustard seeds (called "sinapis") to make "burning must", "mustum ardens" — hence "". A recipe for mustard appears in "De re coquinaria",
Cooking with alcohol Cooking with alcohol Cooking with alcohol can mean cooking with alcohol as an ingredient, combusting alcohol for heat or effect, or both at the same time. Wine, especially, is used as an ingredient for its acidic properties, for the bitterness of its tannins, and for its fruit components. Beer and liqueurs are also commonly used as alcoholic ingredients. For a flambé, in which warm alcohol is ignited, the higher alcohol content of a distilled spirit is required. Many dishes incorporate alcoholic beverages into the food itself. Such dishes include "coq au vin", chicken cacciatore, and "boeuf bourguignon". More modern examples