Seafood mislabelling is caused by eating certain reef fishes whose flesh is contaminated with toxins. The CDC states the following about Ciguatera: Ciguatera fish poisoning (or ciguatera) is an illness caused by eating fish that contain toxins produced by a marine microalgae called "Gambierdiscus toxicus". People who have ciguatera may experience nausea, vomiting, and neurologic symptoms such as tingling fingers or toes. They also may find that cold things feel hot and hot things feel cold. Ciguatera has no cure. Symptoms usually go away in days or weeks but can last for years. Because the toxins are very heat-resistant, consumers cannot protect
Urapmin people about religious behavior and an elaborate taboo system, focused especially on eating and land use, as well as regulating what could be touched and who could know what information. According to Urapmin tradition, Afek gave ownership of the wild ("sep") to the "motobil" (nature spirits), who themselves gave ownership of the villages ("abiip") to humans. Natural resources, including streams, large trees, hunting ground, and game were believed to be owned by the motobil, and humans could only use what they were given permission to respectfully. Violation of these rules was thought to cause illness. This system of taboos, known as