Seafood mislabelling is caused by eating certain reef fishes whose flesh is contaminated with toxins. The CDC states the following about Ciguatera: Ciguatera fish poisoning (or ciguatera) is an illness caused by eating fish that contain toxins produced by a marine microalgae called "Gambierdiscus toxicus". People who have ciguatera may experience nausea, vomiting, and neurologic symptoms such as tingling fingers or toes. They also may find that cold things feel hot and hot things feel cold. Ciguatera has no cure. Symptoms usually go away in days or weeks but can last for years. Because the toxins are very heat-resistant, consumers cannot protect
Vibrio but can also infect open wounds and cause septicemia. They can be carried by numerous marine animals, such as crabs or prawns, and have been known to cause fatal infections in humans during exposure. Pathogenic "Vibrio" species include "V. cholerae" (the causative agent of cholera), "V. parahaemolyticus", and "V. vulnificus." "V. cholerae" is generally transmitted by contaminated water. Pathogenic "Vibrio" species can cause foodborne illness (infection), usually associated with eating undercooked seafood. The pathogenic features can be linked to quorum sensing where bacteria are able to express their virulence factor via their signalling molecules. "V. vulnificus" outbreaks commonly occur in