Supernumerary body part considered to have lost much or all of their original function through evolution. These body parts can be classed as additional to the required functioning of the body. In human anatomy the vermiform appendix is sometimes classed as a vestigial remnant. Prosthesis is an artificial extension that replaces a body part, and cybernetics is the study of computer technology in relation to organisms which can include replacement or additional body parts. Body integrity identity disorder (BIID) is a psychiatric disorder in which a person thinks that they have one or more additional limbs than they should, despite having two arms
Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine violation of the Oviedo Convention alone, but may reference the provisions in proceedings relating to the European Convention on Human Rights. A reservation may be made with respect to a particular provision of the convention ("Article 36"). Six states have reservations regarding particular provisions: Any signatory can denounce the convention by means of notification to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe. Deliberate cloning, to create genetically identical human beings, is contrary to human dignity and constitutes a misuse of biology and medicine. It is therefore prohibited under this protocol. The protocol stipulates that, insofar as is possible, equitable