Vanessa cardui painted lady's migration pattern in northern Europe apparently does not follow a strict northwest heading. The range of headings suggests that migrating butterflies may adjust their migration patterns in response to local topographical features and weather, such as strong wind patterns. Laboratory-raised autumn-generation painted lady butterflies were able to distinguish a southern orientation for a return migration path. According to the same laboratory-based study, when butterflies were isolated from the sun, they were unable to orient themselves in a specific direction, opposed to those that did have access to the sun. This suggests that "V. cardui" requires a direct view
Black and White (2002 film) press. “A gripping, well-crafted tale, lovingly made from the terrific period detail up, and its urgent plea for tolerance is as pertinent as ever.” □ Neil Smith, Total Film, UK "Powerful and intriguing drama" □ Sunday Mirror, 11 January 2004 "Black and White is a superior drama – tense, unpredictable, full of intriguing characters and well acted. The story deserves to be told because it is about so much more than the crime itself” □ Sunday Express, 18 January 2004 “What elevates Black and White above any of its genre is the way in which it establishes the absolute integrity