Floating man experiential field shows that the self is not consequently a substance and thereby there is no subjectivity. On the other hand some scholars like Wisnovsky believe that the flying man argument proved the substantiality of the soul. Ibn Sina believes that innate awareness is completely independent of sensory experience. Before the French philosopher Descartes (1596–1650) pointed out the existence of the conscious self as a turning point in epistemology, using the phrase "Cogito ergo sum," the 11th century Iranian philosopher Avicenna had referred to the existence of consciousness in the flying man argument. Thus, long before Descartes, Avicenna had established
Descartes number only one currently known. If is an odd almost perfect number, that is, and is taken as a 'spoof' prime, then is a Descartes number, since . If were prime, would be an odd perfect number. Descartes number In number theory, a Descartes number is an odd number which would have been an odd perfect number, if one of its composite factors were prime. They are named after René Descartes who observed that the number would be an odd perfect number if only were a prime number, since the sum-of-divisors function for would satisfy, if 22021 were prime, where we