Macaque China reported in the journal "Cell" the creation of two crab-eating macaque monkey clones, named "Zhong Zhong" and "Hua Hua", using the complex DNA transfer method that produced "Dolly" the sheep, for the first time. As of 2005, the authors of "Mammal Species of the World" recognized the following species and species groups, aside from the white-cheeked macaque which was described in 2015: Later studies disputed some of the species groupings. For example, Li, "et al", based on DNA testing, do not recognize the "M. fascularis" group. Rather, they place the crab-eating macaque within the "M. mulatta" group and the
Rhesus macaque The X chromosome has three times more rearrangements than other chromosomes. The macaque gained 1,358 genes by duplication. Triangulation of human, chimpanzee, and macaque sequences showed expansion of gene families in each species. The "PKFP" gene, important in sugar (fructose) metabolism, is expanded in macaques, possibly because of their high-fruit diet. So are genes for the olfactory receptor, cytochrome P450 (which degrades toxins), and CCL3L1-CCL4 (associated in humans with HIV susceptibility). Immune genes are expanded in macaques, relative to all four great ape species. The macaque genome has 33 major histocompatibility genes, three times those of human. This has clinical