Cutlery mustard spoon and lettuce fork. Steel was always used for more utilitarian knives, and pewter was used for some cheaper items, especially spoons. From the nineteenth century, electroplated nickel silver (EPNS) was used as a cheaper substitute for sterling silver. In 1913, the British metallurgist Harry Brearley discovered stainless steel by chance and this metal has come to be the predominant one used in cutlery. An alternative is melchior, corrosion-resistant nickel and copper alloy, which can also sometimes contain manganese and nickel-iron. Plastic cutlery is made for disposable use, and is frequently used outdoors for camping, excursions, and barbecues for
ITEM club ITEM club ITEM, in The EY ITEM Club, stands for "Independent Treasury Economic Model". The EY ITEM Club is an economic forecasting group based in the United Kingdom. It produces quarterly economic UK forecasts, which are often mentioned in the UK news media. It was founded in 1977 and is sponsored by EY (Ernst & Young), a firm of business and financial advisers. ITEM is said to be independent of any political, academic or commercial bias despite corporate sponsorship. Its independence is underpinned by the untied sponsorship of EY. The club was officially named "The EY ITEM Club" in 2012.