Johannesburg Johannesburg were destroyed and their people driven away during the wars emanating from Zululand during the late 18th and early 19th centuries (the mfecane or difaqane wars), and as a result, an offshoot of the Zulu kingdom, the Ndebele (often referred to as the Matabele, the name given them by the local Sotho–Tswana), set up a kingdom to the northwest of Johannesburg around modern-day Rustenburg. The main Witwatersrand gold reef was discovered in June 1884 on the farm Vogelstruisfontein by Jan Gerritse Bantjes that triggered the Witwatersrand Gold Rush and the founding of Johannesburg in 1886. The discovery of gold
Cristian S. Calude Cristian S. Calude Cristian Sorin Calude (born 21 April 1952) is a Romanian-New Zealander mathematician and computer scientist. He graduated from the National College Vasile Alecsandri in Galați, and the University of Bucharest and was student of Grigore C. Moisil and Solomon Marcus. He is currently chair professor at the University of Auckland, New Zealand and also the founding director of the Centre for Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science. Visiting Professor in many universities in Europe, North and South America, Australasia, South Africa, including Monbusho Visiting Professor, JAIST, 1999 and Visiting Professor ENS, Paris, 2009, École Polytechnique, Paris, 2011;