Technology CAD include Synopsys, Silvaco, Crosslight, Cogenda Software|VisualTCAD, Global TCAD Solutions and Tiberlab. The open source GSS, Archimedes, Aeneas, NanoTCAD ViDES, DEVSIM, and GENIUS have some of the capabilities of the commercial products. TCAD Central maintains an information resource for available Open Source and Commercial TCAD software. Technology CAD Technology CAD (or Technology Computer Aided Design, or TCAD) is a branch of electronic design automation that models semiconductor fabrication and semiconductor device operation. The modeling of the fabrication is termed Process TCAD, while the modeling of the device operation is termed Device TCAD. Included are the modelling of process steps (such as
Computer-assisted surgery fragments in fractures, allowing a good fixation by osteosynthesis. Early CAOS systems include the HipNav, OrthoPilot, and Praxim. With the advent of computer-assisted surgery, great progresses have been made in general surgery towards minimal invasive approaches. Laparoscopy in abdominal and gynecologic surgery is one of the beneficiaries, allowing surgical robots to perform routine operations, like colecystectomies, or even hysterectomies. In cardiac surgery, shared control systems can perform mitral valve replacement or ventricular pacing by small thoracotomies. In urology, surgical robots contributed in laparoscopic approaches for pyeloplasty or nephrectomy or prostatic interventions. Applications include atrial fibrillation and cardiac resynchronization therapy. Pre-operative