Kingdom of Sardinia and Aosta, dynastic possessions since the 11th century, the Principality of Piedmont (a possession built up in the 13th century), and the County of Nice (a possession since 1388). While in theory the traditional capital of the island of Sardinia and seat of its viceroys was Cagliari, the Piedmontese city of Turin was the "de facto" capital of Savoy. When the mainland domains of the House of Savoy were occupied and eventually annexed by Napoleonic France, the king of Sardinia made his permanent residence on the island for the first time in its history. The Congress of Vienna (1814–15), which
Project Republic of Sardinia Project Republic of Sardinia Project Republic of Sardinia (, ProgReS) is a separatist political party in Sardinia, founded in January 2011 following an acrimonious split from Independence Republic of Sardinia (iRS). The party's current secretary is Gianluca Collu, while Carla Carcangiu and Sebastian Madau serve as presidents. In January 2011, after a struggle with Gavino Sale, president of iRS, the iRS faction led by former leader Ornella Demuru, including iRS founding members Frantziscu Sanna and Franciscu Sedda, decided to leave the party and launch a "Republican Constituent Assembly" ("Sa Costituente Repubricana"). In February the new party took the name of