Lake Nemrut caldera are the trees dwarf juniper ("Juniperus communis"), Norway maple ("Acer platanoides"), European mountain ash ("Sorbus aucuparia"), common buckthorn ("Rhamnus cathartica"), sessile oak ("Quercus petraea"), pedunculate oak ("Quercus robur"), white willow ("Salix alba"), and the shrubs coinwort cotoneaster ("Cotoneaster nummularius"), cherry plum ("Prunus divaricata"), grey willow ("Salix cinerea"), Greek juniper ("Juniperus excelsa"), breaking buckthorn ("Frangula alnus"), alder buckthorn ("Frangula alnus") and mahaleb cherry ("Prunus mahaleb"). Steppe-like vegetation is spread over wide areas in the caldera. Those are mainly species of milkvetch ("Astragalus"). Other subshrubs and herbaceous plants are prickly thrift ("Acantholimon"), sainfoin ("Onobrychis"), sheep's sorrel ("Rumex acetosella"), "Thymus", "Alyssum", sheep's
Sorbus mougeotii which differs only in slightly broader leaves. It is also closely related to "Sorbus intermedia" (Swedish whitebeam), which differs in having the leaves grey-white below and more deeply lobed, with the lobes spreading rather than forward-pointing, the fruit oval and less bright red, and in forming a stouter tree with a single trunk and more horizontal branching. All are tetraploid apomictic species which breed true without pollination, and ultimately of hybrid origin between "Sorbus aria" and "Sorbus aucuparia". It is widely grown as an ornamental tree in northern Europe, though usually unrecognised, misidentified as "Sorbus intermedia". Although described in 1858,