Evolution of human colour vision that are found between 450 and 625. Individuals with various forms of colour blindness such as deuteranopia and protanopia are missing human middle wavelength sensitive or long wavelength sensitive opsins. Their minimum wavelength differences are <5 but only at around 500. Protanopes, who are missing long wavelength sensitive cones, are unable to distinguish between colours in the green-yellow-red section of the electromagnetic spectrum. They find yellow, red and orange colours to have much lower brightness when compared to a trichromat. The dimming of these colours can result in confusion in many cases, such as when attempting to identify red traffic
Evolution of human colour vision with limited colour vision. This is believed to have also been influenced by life styles, including being predominantly nocturnal. There is little data indicating the advantages of UV vision in early human ancestors. Early human ultraviolet vision, or ultraviolet sensitivity, included sensitivity in the wavelength ranges between 400 and 10. These wavelengths are shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays. In some rare cases, some modern day humans can see within the UV spectrum at wavelengths close to 310. In other animals that possess UV vision such as birds, ultraviolet sensitivity can be advantageous for courtship and reproductive success.