Artificial organ almost always preceded by extensive experiments with animals. Initial testing in humans is frequently limited to those either already facing death or who have exhausted every other treatment possibility. Artificial arms and legs, or prosthetics, are intended to restore a degree of normal function to amputees. Mechanical devices that allow amputees to walk again or continue to use two hands have probably been in use since ancient times, the most notable one being the simple peg leg. Since then, the development of artificial limbs has progressed rapidly. New plastics and other materials, such as carbon fiber have allowed artificial limbs
McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine cell-based therapies, and medical devices, and artificial organs, with an emphasis on translating the research findings of McGowan Institute affiliated faculty into clinical use. McGowan Institute is: Attribution: This article incorporates material from the McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine web page entitled About Us.. McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine is a medical research institute which is a partnership between the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and is located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. In 1992, the McGowan Center for Artificial Organ Development was established through a gift from William G.