Independent Paralympians at the Paralympic Games during ceremonies for those who win gold medals. Independent Paralympians at the Paralympic Games Athletes have competed as Independent Paralympians at the Paralympic Games for various reasons, including political transition, international sanctions, suspensions of National Paralympic Committees and compassion. Independent Paralympic Participants at the Summer Paralympics was the name given to athletes from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia at the 1992 Summer Paralympics in Barcelona. Athletes from the parts of Yugoslavia still terming themselves "Yugoslavia" had competed as "Independent Olympic Participants" at the 1992 Summer Olympics, also hosted by Barcelona. They were not permitted to participate as "Yugoslavia", due to
2011 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival TL 350 million (approx. US$210 million), inclusive the construction of additional accommodation facilities at a cost of TL 90 million (approx. US$54 million) for the Olympic Village within the campus of the Black Sea Technical University. The noteworthy new structures are Hayri Gür Arena, Söğütlü Athletics Stadium, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Indoor Swimming Pool and Beşirli Tennis Courts. Cycling events were held on the Trabzon-Rize section of the Black Sea Coastal Highway. Incomplete list: 2011 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival The 2011 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival was held in Trabzon, Turkey, between 23 and 29 July 2011. There were nine