History of botany voyages to distant lands instigating another phase of encyclopaedic plant identification, nomenclature, description and illustration, "flower painting" possibly at its best in this period of history. Plant trophies from distant lands decorated the gardens of Europe's powerful and wealthy in a period of enthusiasm for natural history, especially botany (a preoccupation sometimes referred to as "botanophilia") that is never likely to recur. Often such exotic new plant imports (primarily from Turkey), when they first appeared in print in English, lacked common names in the language. During the 18th century botany was one of the few sciences considered appropriate for genteel
Plant physiology plants in a water solution rather than soil, which has become a standard technique in biological research, teaching lab exercises, crop production and as a hobby. One of the leading journals in the field is "Plant Physiology", started in 1926. All its back issues are available online for free. Many other journals often carry plant physiology articles, including "Physiologia Plantarum", "Journal of Experimental Botany", "American Journal of Botany", "Annals of Botany", "Journal of Plant Nutrition" and "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences." In horticulture and agriculture along with food science, plant physiology is an important topic relating to fruits,