Saddle in various other Indo-European languages, including the Latin "sella". In addition to the above basic components, some saddles also include: There is evidence, though disputed, that humans first began riding the horse not long after domestication, possibly as early as 4000 BC. The earliest known saddle-like equipment were fringed cloths or pads used by Assyrian cavalry around 700 BC. These were held on with a girth or surcingle that included breast straps and cruppers. From the earliest depictions, saddles became status symbols. To show off an individual's wealth and status, embellishments were added to saddles, including elaborate sewing and leather
Matroid girth spark of a matrix. The girth of a binary matroid gives the cardinality of a minimum even set, a subcollection of a family of sets that includes an even number of copies of each set element. Determining the girth of a binary matroid is NP-hard. Additionally, determining the girth of a linear matroid given by a matrix representing the matroid is W[1]-hard when parameterized by the girth or by the rank of the matroid, but fixed-parameter tractable when parameterized by a combination of the rank and the size of the underlying field. For an arbitrary matroid, given by a independence