19th-century philosophy of complexity from mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry, biology, and a new discipline called "sociology", which is the study of the "dynamics and statics of society". The American philosophers Charles Sanders Peirce and William James developed the pragmatist philosophy in the late 19th century. The twilight years of the 19th century in Britain saw the rise of British idealism, a revival of interest in the works of Kant and Hegel. Transcendentalism was rooted in Immanuel Kant's transcendence and German idealism, led by Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. The main belief was in an ideal spiritual state that 'transcends' the
Edward Stanley, 19th Earl of Derby "Ouija Board: A Mare in a Million". Stanley‘s proposal to build 1,200 houses and a large industrial estate on historic studland at Hatchfield Farm in Newmarket, Suffolk, was met with opposition from local residents, businesses and the area's largest employers, including Tattersalls, the Jockey Club, Newmarket Racecourse, Newmarket's elected councillors, leading trainers and the local resident group Save Historic Newmarket. Edward Stanley, 19th Earl of Derby Edward Richard William Stanley, 19th Earl of Derby, (born 10 October 1962) is a British peer and landowner. Edward Stanley (informally "Teddy") otherwise Lord Derby was born to Hugh Stanley and his wife Rose