Pied-Noir Pied-Noir Pied-Noir (, ""Black-Foot""), plural Pieds-Noirs, is a term primarily referring to people of European, mostly ethnic French origin, who were born in Algeria during the period of French rule from 1830 to 1962. More broadly, it can refer to other foreign-origin persons, both Christian and Jewish, from all parts of the Mediterranean whose families had also migrated under French occupation in the 19th and 20th centuries to French Algeria, the French protectorate in Morocco, or the French protectorate of Tunisia, where many carried on living for several generations but fled or were expelled at the end of French rule
Pied-winged swallow Pied-winged swallow The pied-winged swallow ("Hirundo leucosoma") is a species of bird in the family Hirundinidae. It has distinctive steel-blue upperparts with white wing patches. It is native to parts of West Africa. The pied-winged swallow was described by the English ornithologist William Swainson in 1837 who introduced its current binomial name "Hirundo leucosoma". The specific epithet combines the Ancient Greek words "leukos", "white" and "sōma, sōmatos", "body". The species is monotypic. Evolutionarily, the pied-winged swallow occupies a basal position within the clade of "Hirundo" swallows and is most closely related to the pearl-breasted swallow ("Hirundo dimidiata"). The pied-winged swallow