Old Permic alphabet by usual writing. The inclusion of the latter aided the alphabet in greater acceptance among the medieval Permic speakers of the time. The alphabet was in use until the 17th century, when it was superseded by the Cyrillic script. Abur was also used as cryptographic writing for the Russian language. April 26, which is the saint's day of Stephen of Perm, is celebrated as Old Permic Alphabet Day. The Abur inscriptions are among the oldest relics of the Uralic languages. Only one of them has earlier documents: Hungarian, which had been written using the Old Hungarian script first before the
Manchu alphabet particles, written at the end of the question. The Jurchens of a millennium ago became the ancestors of the Manchus when Nurhaci united the Jianzhou Jurchens (1593–1618) and his son subsequently renamed the consolidated tribes as the "Manchu". Throughout this period, the Jurchen language evolved into what we know as the Manchu language. Its script has no relation to the Manchu alphabet, however, as their script was derived from the Khitan script, which was in turn derived from Chinese characters. Manchu alphabet The Manchu alphabet is the alphabet used to write the now nearly-extinct Manchu language; a similar script is