Southern Kurdish alphabet Southern Kurdish alphabet The Kurdish varieties mostly are written in either of two alphabets: a Latin alphabet introduced by Jeladet Ali Bedirkhan in 1932 (Bedirxan alphabet, or Hawar after the Hawar magazine), and an Perso-Arabic-based Sorani alphabet, named for the historical Soran Emirate of the present-day Iraqi Kurdistan. While the Latin script is dominating Kurdish mass media everywhere; the Sorani script is just confined in Iraq and Iran. Two additional alphabets, based on the Armenian and Cyrillic scripts, were once used in Soviet Armenia. Kirmaşanî (Kermashani) is the Southern branch of Kurdish language. Kirmaşanî uses Hawar alphabet with some modifications.
Vellara alphabet Vellara alphabet Vellara script or Vellara alphabet is one of the original Albanian alphabets, encountered for the first time in early 19th century. It is named after the Greek doctor, lyricist and writer Ioannis Vilaras (Jan Vellara in Albanian), the author of a manuscript where this alphabet is documented for the first and so far the only time. Vilaras studied medicine in Padua in 1789 and later lived in Venice. In 1801, he became a physician to Veli, son of Ali Pasha Tepelena (1741–1822). Vilaras is remembered primarily as a modern Greek poet, non-native Albanian speaker but fluent, according to