History of Africa Other significant European explorers included Heinrich Barth, Henry Morton Stanley (coiner of the term "Dark Continent" for Africa in an 1878 book), Silva Porto, Alexandre de Serpa Pinto, Rene Caille, Friedrich Gerhard Rohlfs, Gustav Nachtigal, George Schweinfurth, and Joseph Thomson. The most famous of the explorers was David Livingstone, who explored southern Africa and traversed the continent from the Atlantic at Luanda to the Indian Ocean at Quelimane. European explorers made use of African guides and servants, and established long-distance trading routes were used. Missionaries attempting to spread Christianity also increased European knowledge of Africa. Between 1884 and 1885, European
David Livingstone in Blantyre, Scotland. The following species have been named in honour of David Livingstone: Livingstone has been portrayed by M.A. Wetherell in "Livingstone" (1925), Percy Marmont in "David Livingstone" (1936), Sir Cedric Hardwicke in "Stanley and Livingstone" (1939), Bernard Hill in "Mountains of the Moon" (1990) and Sir Nigel Hawthorne in the TV movie "Forbidden Territory" (1997). The 1949 comedy film "Africa Screams" is the story of a dimwitted clerk named Stanley Livington (played by Lou Costello), who is mistaken for a famous African explorer and recruited to lead a treasure hunt. The character's name appears to be a play