Silicon Alley build a US$2 billion graduate school of applied sciences on Roosevelt Island, with the goal of transforming New York City into the world's premier technology capital. As of 2013, Google's second largest office is located in New York. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was in 2014 in the final stages of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. This revival was not restricted to Lower Manhattan, but was spread throughout New York City. Hence "Silicon Alley" has been considered by some observers to be an obsolete term. Silicon Alley Silicon Alley,
Silicon Slopes grouping includes memory process technology companies SanDisk and the Intel/Micron joint venture IM Flash Technologies, video game software development companies EA Sports, and data analysis software including Adobe Systems. It is one of a growing number of technology communities (List of places with "Silicon" names) and technology centers (List of technology centers) gaining status from their relationship to or similarity with Silicon Valley, California. The term "Silicon Slopes" is the brainchild of Josh James (founder and CEO of Domo) for the purpose of creating a branding campaign to promote Utah's growing technology community. The nickname is derived from "Silicon Valley,"