Sphagnum ones ("Rigida" and "Squarrosa") has been clarified using molecular phylogenetics. All but two species normally identified as "Sphagnum" reside in one clade; two other species have recently been separated into new families within the Sphagnales reflecting an ancestral relationship with the Tasmanian endemic "Ambuchanania" and long phylogenetic distance to the rest of "Sphagnum". Within main clade of "Sphagnum", phylogenetic distance is relatively short, and molecular dating methods suggest nearly all current "Sphagnum" species are descended from a radiation that occurred just 14 million years ago. "Sphagnum" mosses occur mainly in the Northern Hemisphere in peat bogs, conifer forests, and moist
What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy is a 1976 book by Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya. Explaining the relationship between the soul and consciousness in the Nyaya-Vaisesika philosophy, Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya makes three points. First, consciousness in this view is knowledge (jnana) in an empirical sense. Second, consciousness is one of the multiple qualities of the soul. Third, consciousness is a transient quality, not a permanent quality. By itself, the soul is without consciousness; consciousness is produced in the soul only when it is conjoined with certain other entities. Hiriyanna,