New York City the city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. In 1664, the city was named in honor of the Duke of York, who would become King James II of England. James's older brother, King Charles II, had appointed the Duke proprietor of the former territory of New Netherland, including the city of New Amsterdam, which England had recently seized from the Dutch. During the Wisconsinan glaciation, 75,000 to 11,000 years ago, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over
Patrolmen's Benevolent Association of the City of New York an 8-hour workday. In 1967 New York state passed the Taylor Law, which sets the rules for municipal union organization with regard to representation and bargaining. New York City set up the Office of Collective Bargaining for municipal union demands. The PBA was successful in its campaign to defeat Mayor John Lindsay's proposed Civilian Complaint Review Board in 1967. After a SBA (NYPD Sergeant's Benevolent Association) lawsuit which was expected to succeed failed, officers who had been expecting a favorable settlement began a wildcat strike. This unplanned police strike of 1971 was in violation of the Taylor Act which prohibits