Pale crag martin to do so, it would cast doubts on their specific distinctness. There are several subspecies differing in plumage shade or size, although the differences are clinal, and races interbreed where their ranges meet. The pale crag martin of the nominate subspecies "P. o. obsoleta" is 12–13 cm (4.7–5.1 in) long with light brown upperparts, becoming paler on the lower back, and a short square tail that has small white patches near the tips of all but the central and outermost pairs of feathers. It has a pale grey throat, upper breast and underwing coverts, and the rest of the underparts
Pale ale a style of pale ale developed in England for export to India. The first known use of the expression "India pale ale" is in an advertisement in the "Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser" on 27 August 1829. Worthington White Shield, originating in Burton-upon-Trent, is a beer considered to be part of the development of India pale ale. The colour of an IPA can vary from a light gold to a reddish amber. Irish red ale, red ale, or Irish ale () is a name used by brewers in Ireland; Smithwick's is a typical example of a commercial Irish