Pale Fire created by Kinbote, features an entry for a "Botkin, V.," describing this Botkin as an "American scholar of Russian descent"—and referring to a note in the Commentary on line 894 of Shade's poem, in which no such person is directly mentioned but a character suggests that "Kinbote" is "a kind of anagram of Botkin or Botkine". In this interpretation, "Gradus" the murderer is an American named Jack Grey who wanted to kill Judge Goldsworth, whose house "Pale Fire's" commentator—whatever his "true" name is—is renting. Goldsworth had condemned Grey to an asylum from which he escaped shortly before mistakenly killing Shade,
Pale ale a style of pale ale developed in England for export to India. The first known use of the expression "India pale ale" is in an advertisement in the "Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser" on 27 August 1829. Worthington White Shield, originating in Burton-upon-Trent, is a beer considered to be part of the development of India pale ale. The colour of an IPA can vary from a light gold to a reddish amber. Irish red ale, red ale, or Irish ale () is a name used by brewers in Ireland; Smithwick's is a typical example of a commercial Irish