Compass rose two adjacent cardinal directions. For example, North-by-east (NbE) is one quarter wind from North towards East, Northeast-by-north (NEbN) is one quarter wind from Northeast toward North. Naming all 32 points on the rose is called "boxing the compass". The 32-point rose has the uncomfortable number of 11° between points, but is easily found by halving divisions and may have been easier for those not using a 360° circle. Using gradians, of which there are 400 in a circle, the sixteen-point rose will have twenty-five gradians per point. Linguistic anthropological studies have shown that most human communities have four points of
Straightedge and compass construction condition for regular polygons is also necessary. Then in 1882 Lindemann showed that formula_1 is a transcendental number, and thus that it is impossible by straightedge and compass to construct a square with the same area as a given circle. All straightedge and compass constructions consist of repeated application of five basic constructions using the points, lines and circles that have already been constructed. These are: For example, starting with just two distinct points, we can create a line or either of two circles (in turn, using each point as centre and passing through the other point). If we draw