Chromatic scale and new notes between E/F and B/C: The fractions and , and , and , and , and many other pairs are interchangeable, as (syntonic comma) is tempered out. These are 19-EDO just intonation approximations. The ancient Chinese chromatic scale is called "Shí-èr-lǜ". However, "it should not be imagined that this gamut ever functioned as a scale, and it is erroneous to refer to the 'Chinese chromatic scale', as some Western writers have done. The series of twelve notes known as the twelve "lü" were simply a series of fundamental notes from which scales could be constructed." The Indian solfège,
Jazz scale scales add a single chromatic passing tone to the 7 note major scale (Ionian and Mixolydian modes). The added passing tone creates an 8 tone scale that fits rhythmically evenly within a 4/4 measure of eight 8th notes, thus making it useful in practicing. When an 8th note bebop scale run starts on the beat from a chord tone (Root, 3rd, 5th or 7th) the other chord notes will also fall on the beats. As a result, all of the "non-chord tones" will fall on the upbeats (the "ands" when counting "one and two and three and four and") and