New York City the city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. In 1664, the city was named in honor of the Duke of York, who would become King James II of England. James's older brother, King Charles II, had appointed the Duke proprietor of the former territory of New Netherland, including the city of New Amsterdam, which England had recently seized from the Dutch. During the Wisconsinan glaciation, 75,000 to 11,000 years ago, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over
Signaling of the New York City Subway more delays and prompting the MTA to declare a state of emergency for the subway in 2017. An MTA investigation found that between December 2017 and January 2018, broken signals caused 11,555 train delays. In summer 2018, New York City Transit started evaluating twenty places where signal timers affect service the most. In summer 2018, the SPEED Unit was created to reduce delays by modifying operating and service practices. Andy Byford, the President of New York City Transit, initiated the unit after listening to riders and workers, who told him that slow speeds were a major issue. Starting in September