Silicon Alley build a US$2 billion graduate school of applied sciences on Roosevelt Island, with the goal of transforming New York City into the world's premier technology capital. As of 2013, Google's second largest office is located in New York. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was in 2014 in the final stages of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. This revival was not restricted to Lower Manhattan, but was spread throughout New York City. Hence "Silicon Alley" has been considered by some observers to be an obsolete term. Silicon Alley Silicon Alley,
Operative Media Dashboard- an ASP-based web application that aims to allow media publishers to automate contract management, product packaging and pricing, inventory management, campaign reporting and revenue recognition. Its clients include Reuters, Dow Jones, National Public Media, NBC Universal, SmartMoney, Constant Contact and iVillage. In December 2007, former Operative CEO Mike Leo was named in the "Silicon Alley" 100, at number 85. he was also included in the Madison Avenue IT list for January 2008. "Inc." magazine listed Operative Media #712 out of the top 5,000 companies for 2007, and ranked it at #56 in the Top Companies in Software, and #55