English nationalism Siege of Calais of 1346, King Edward III expelled the inhabitants of that city because, in his words, "I wolde repeople agayne the towne with pure Englysshmen". When King Henry V conquered Harfleur in 1415, he ordered the inhabitants to leave and imported English immigrants to replace them. Edward III promoted Saint George during his wars against Scotland and France. Under Edward I and Edward II, pennons bearing the Cross of Saint George were carried, along with those of Saint Edmund the Martyr and Saint Edward the Confessor. However Edward III promoted St George over the previous national saints of
Iste confessor pius, prudens, humilis, pudicus, 3 Cuius ob præstans meritum frequenter, 4 Noster hinc illi chorus obsequentem 5 Sit salus illi, decus, atque virtus, Iste confessor Domini sacratus <poem> 1 Iste Confessor Domini sacratus, 2 Qui pius, prudens, humilis, pudicus, 3 Ad sacrum cuius tumulum frequenter, 4 Unde nunc noster chorus in honorem 5 Sit salus illi, decus, atque virtus, </poem> Due to differences between the Latin versions of the hymn, and due to the demands of rendering the original Latin into metrical English which was suitable for singing, the translations below are thematically accurate, rather than literal translations. This is