Experimental film shorts. Fernand Léger, Dudley Murphy, and Man Ray created the film "Ballet Mécanique" (1924), sometimes described as Dadaist, Cubist, or Futurist. Duchamp created the abstract film "Anémic Cinéma" (1926). Alberto Cavalcanti directed "Rien que les heures" (1926), Walter Ruttmann directed "" (1927), and Dziga Vertov filmed "Man With a Movie Camera" (1929), experimental "city symphonies" of Paris, Berlin, and Kiev, respectively. The most famous experimental film is generally considered to be Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí's "Un chien andalou" (1929). Hans Richter's animated shorts, Oskar Fischinger's abstract films, and Len Lye's GPO films would be excellent examples of more abstract
Film editing such as Lev Kuleshov (already mentioned) further explored and theorized about editing and its ideological nature. Sergei Eisenstein developed a system of editing that was unconcerned with the rules of the continuity system of classical Hollywood that he called Intellectual montage. Alternatives to traditional editing were also explored by early surrealist and Dada filmmakers such as Luis Buñuel (director of the 1929 "Un Chien Andalou") and René Clair (director of 1924's "Entr'acte" which starred famous Dada artists Marcel Duchamp and Man Ray). The French New Wave filmmakers such as Jean-Luc Godard and François Truffaut and their American counterparts such as