History of the English penny (1154–1485) that inscription, while ones produced by the London and Calais mints were inscribed . During the post-treaty period the Durham and York mints became "ecclesiastical mints", under the authority of the local bishop or archbishop, and thus a source of money for the Church. Typical inscriptions of this period are – "Edward King of England and France". Edward III's son, the Black Prince died in 1376, a year before his father, which meant that the next king was Edward's eleven-year-old grandson Richard II (1377–1399). England continued to lay claim to France, and remained at war until 1396; high taxation to
Edward the Black Prince already warned his father of the intentions of the French king, but there was evidently a party at Edward's court that was jealous of his power, and his warnings were slighted. In April 1369, however, war was declared. Edward sent the Earls of Cambridge and Pembroke to his assistance, and Sir Robert Knolles, who now again took service with, him, added much to his strength. The war in Aquitaine was desultory, and, though the English maintained their ground fairly in the field, every day that it was prolonged weakened their hold on the country. On 1 January 1370 the Black