Joss paper paper is traditionally made from coarse bamboo paper, which feels handmade with many variances and imperfections, although rice paper is also commonly used. Traditional joss is cut into individual squares or rectangles. Depending on the region, Joss paper may be decorated with seals, stamps, pieces of contrasting paper, engraved designs or other motifs. Different types of spirit money are given to distinct categories of spirits. The three main types of spirit money are cash (also known as copper), silver and gold. Cash monies are given to newly deceased spirits and spirits of the unknown. Gold spirit money (jin) is given
Tie Xuan loyalty. At the beginning of Ming Shenzong (Wanli Emperor)'s rule an imperial edict was ordered "offer sacrifices to the Jianwen emperor's court at all the official's native villages," Tie Xuan was decorated as the 7th ranking loyal official to Jianwen in his temple. In the time of the Southern Ming's Hongguang Emperor Zhu Yousong, the title Grand Protector 太保 was posthumously conferred upon Tie Xuan, and the posthumous name Zhongxiang 忠襄. Qing Gaozong conferred the posthumous name Zhongding 忠定. In various locations in Shandong, there are many Tie Gong 鐵公 temples, all offer sacrifices to Tie Xuan. Jinan's Da Ming