Generic brand J"). In addition to price and nutrition, evidence suggests that quality is equal to, if not better than, established brands. In the 2007 Whisky Bible several supermarket single malts were rated higher than top-brand distilleries, with Tesco having the highest rating own-brand. Rather than offering a single own-brand alternative, supermarkets have in recent years introduced 'premium' and 'value' ranges offering varying quality and price. Some supermarkets advertise the quality of their premium own-brands for example Sainsbury's television commercial featuring celebrity chef Jamie Oliver. Value supermarket brands are sold at considerably less than known brands, sometimes even below cost price, to
Perekrestok (supermarket chain) connected. In November 2017, X5 introduced machine learning to bolster targeted marketing at the Perekrestok supermarket chain, and developed personalised offers for all members of the Perekrestok Club loyalty program. The company leverages machine learning to group customers into segments based on common features and create offers for them. The system analyses groups of customers and designs personalised marketing campaigns based on demographic and several hundred behavioural factors, such as: frequency of purchases and ticket size, customer preferences, lifestyle fundamentals, acceptable price levels, favourite product categories and preferred shopping hours. Customer sensitivity to offers is predicted using various analytical models.