History of the English penny (1154–1485) that inscription, while ones produced by the London and Calais mints were inscribed . During the post-treaty period the Durham and York mints became "ecclesiastical mints", under the authority of the local bishop or archbishop, and thus a source of money for the Church. Typical inscriptions of this period are – "Edward King of England and France". Edward III's son, the Black Prince died in 1376, a year before his father, which meant that the next king was Edward's eleven-year-old grandson Richard II (1377–1399). England continued to lay claim to France, and remained at war until 1396; high taxation to
Black-tipped monarch population of above 10,000, and thus are not considered as threatened. Black-tipped monarch The black-tipped monarch ("Symposiachrus loricatus") is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to Indonesia. This species was formerly placed in the genus "Monarcha" until moved to "Symposiachrus" in 2009. Some authorities have considered the black-tipped monarch to be a subspecies of the white-tailed monarch. Alternate names include Buru Island monarch and Buru monarch. The black-tipped monarch is found in the southern Moluccas. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. The species occupy