Joss paper paper is traditionally made from coarse bamboo paper, which feels handmade with many variances and imperfections, although rice paper is also commonly used. Traditional joss is cut into individual squares or rectangles. Depending on the region, Joss paper may be decorated with seals, stamps, pieces of contrasting paper, engraved designs or other motifs. Different types of spirit money are given to distinct categories of spirits. The three main types of spirit money are cash (also known as copper), silver and gold. Cash monies are given to newly deceased spirits and spirits of the unknown. Gold spirit money (jin) is given
Zheng Xuan Ruan Yuan 阮元 (1764–1849) in 1793. Zheng Xuan appears in Chapter 22 of the novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", which dramatises the end of the Han dynasty and the subsequent Three Kingdoms era. Zheng is depicted as living in Xuzhou Liu Bei asks Zheng to write to Yuan Shao to propose an alliance against Cao Cao. Zheng Xuan Zheng Xuan (127–200), courtesy name Kangcheng (康成), was an influential Chinese commentator and Confucian scholar near the end of the Han Dynasty. He was born in modern Weifang, Shandong, and was a student of Ma Rong. Like his teacher, he was