Isotopes of helium a thousand times lower than helium-4 (2.17 K). This difference is explained by quantum statistics, since helium-3 atoms are fermions, while helium-4 atoms are bosons, which condense to a superfluid more easily. The most common isotope, , is produced on Earth by alpha decay of heavier radioactive elements; the alpha particles that emerge are fully ionized nuclei. is an unusually stable nucleus because its nucleons are arranged into complete shells. It was also formed in enormous quantities during Big Bang nucleosynthesis. Terrestrial helium consists almost exclusively (99.99986%) of this isotope. Its boiling point of 4.2 K is the lowest of
Boiling Point (1998 miniseries) participation in the dinner made at the Palace of Versailles on 11 July 1998 to celebrate the closing of the 1998 World Cup and features young chefs Marcus Wareing and Mark Sargeant at the early stages of their careers, as well as mentor Marco Pierre White. "Boiling Point" was the first mass exposure of Ramsay to television audiences, revealing his highly driven, impatient and hot tempered personality which has become his trademark. The series was followed-up in 2000 by a six-part LWT miniseries, "Beyond Boiling Point", again produced by Graham (this time with Paul Denchfield and Lucy Leveugle) for LWT,