Target angle submarine observer estimating target angle pictures himself on the target ship looking back at the submarine. Relative bearing of the submarine is the clockwise angle in degrees from the heading of the target ship to a straight line drawn from the target ship to the submarine. When target angle is 0° (or 360° ) the target ship is coming directly toward the submarine. Target angles between 0° and 90° indicate the target ship is moving toward and to the right of the submarine. Target angles between 90° and 180° indicate the target ship is moving to the right and away
Axis–angle representation Axis–angle representation In mathematics, the axis–angle representation of a rotation parameterizes a rotation in a three-dimensional Euclidean space by two quantities: a unit vector indicating the direction of an axis of rotation, and an angle describing the magnitude of the rotation about the axis. Only two numbers, not three, are needed to define the direction of a unit vector rooted at the origin because the magnitude of is constrained. For example, the elevation and azimuth angles of suffice to locate it in any particular Cartesian coordinate frame. The angle scalar multiplied by the unit vector is the axis-angle vector The