Experimental film shorts. Fernand Léger, Dudley Murphy, and Man Ray created the film "Ballet Mécanique" (1924), sometimes described as Dadaist, Cubist, or Futurist. Duchamp created the abstract film "Anémic Cinéma" (1926). Alberto Cavalcanti directed "Rien que les heures" (1926), Walter Ruttmann directed "" (1927), and Dziga Vertov filmed "Man With a Movie Camera" (1929), experimental "city symphonies" of Paris, Berlin, and Kiev, respectively. The most famous experimental film is generally considered to be Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí's "Un chien andalou" (1929). Hans Richter's animated shorts, Oskar Fischinger's abstract films, and Len Lye's GPO films would be excellent examples of more abstract
Un Chien Andalou on a gramophone. Modern prints of the film feature a soundtrack consisting of excerpts from Richard Wagner's "Liebestod" from his opera "Tristan und Isolde" and a recording of two Argentinian tangos, "Tango Argentino" and "Recuerdos" by the Vicente Alvarez & Carlos Otero et son orchestre. They were first added to a print of the film in 1960 under Buñuel's supervision. Film scholar Ken Dancyger has argued that "Un Chien Andalou" might be the genesis of the filmmaking style present in the modern music video. Roger Ebert had called it the inspiration for low budget independent films. "Premiere" ranked the opening