Ainu cuisine used all the same ingredients, instead utilizing what was most available. In addition to salt, the fats ("sum") from cod, sardines, herring, shark, seal, whale ("humpesum)," sika deer ("yuksum"), and bear ("pasum") are used to flavor dishes. Miso and soy sauce have also been used in modern times. Soup stocks may be made using kelp ("kombu"), animal bone, and dried fish. Seasoning and spices include "pukusa" ("allium ochotense"), berries from the Amur corktree ("phellodendron amurense"), and wavy bittercress ("cardamine flexuosa"). The most predominate game animal was the sika deer. Deer were hunted using poisoned arrows as well by herding them
Animal training Animal training Animal training is the act of teaching animals specific responses to specific conditions or stimuli. Training may be for purposes such as companionship, detection, protection, and entertainment. The type of training an animal receives will vary depending on the training method used, and the purpose for training the animal. For example, a seeing eye dog will be trained to achieve a different goal than a wild animal in a circus. In some countries animal trainer certification bodies exist. They do not share consistent goals or requirements; they do not prevent someone from practicing as an animal trainer nor