Luna (goddess) Luna (goddess) In ancient Roman religion and myth, Luna is the divine embodiment of the Moon (Latin "luna"; cf. English "lunar"). She is often presented as the female complement of the Sun (Sol) conceived of as a god. Luna is also sometimes represented as an aspect of the Roman triple goddess ("diva triformis"), along with Proserpina and Hecate. "Luna" is not always a distinct goddess, but sometimes rather an epithet that specializes a goddess, since both Diana and Juno are identified as moon goddesses. In Roman art, Luna attributes are the crescent moon plus the two-yoke chariot ("biga"). In the
Dynamics of the celestial spheres Dynamics of the celestial spheres Ancient, medieval and Renaissance astronomers and philosophers developed many different theories about the dynamics of the celestial spheres. They explained the motions of the various nested spheres in terms of the materials of which they were made, external movers such as celestial intelligences, and internal movers such as motive souls or impressed forces. Most of these models were qualitative, although a few of them incorporated quantitative analyses that related speed, motive force and resistance. In considering the physics of the celestial spheres, scholars followed two different views about the material composition of the celestial spheres.