Cinchona in quinology to examine the contents of these components in assays. The yields of quinine in the cultivated trees were low and it took a while to develop sustainable methods to extract bark. In the meantime Charles Ledger and his native assistant Manuel collected another species from Bolivia. Manuel was caught and beaten by Bolivian officials leading to his death but Ledger obtained seeds of high quality which were offered to the British who were uninterested, leading to the rest being sold to the Dutch. The Dutch saw its value and multiplied the stock. The species later named as "Cinchona
Quercus leucotrichophora to October. Naturally, it regenerates via seeds. "Quercus leucotrichophora" is distributed in Northern India, Nepal, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. In Nepal, it naturally occurs at 1500–2700 m in forested areas in association with "Rhododendron arboreum". In the Himalayas, "Quercus leucotrichophora" is lopped for fodder from December to June. Its wood is used in building purposes and as a good fuel. The acorns are edible, and the seeds can be roasted to make a coffee substitute. "Quercus leucotrichophora" also has uses in ethnomedicine, the gum being used for treating colds and as an analgesic. The tree is affected with many