Justine (de Sade novel) graphic novel version by Guido Crepax. In 1973, the Japanese director Tatsumi Kumashiro filmed an adaptation of "Justine" as part of Nikkatsu's Roman Porno series. The film was titled . In 1977, a film version of the novel, entitled "Cruel Passion", was released. "Justine" was also featured in the 2000 film "Quills" based on the life of the Marquis de Sade. Justine (de Sade novel) Justine, or The Misfortunes of Virtue (French: Justine, ou Les Malheurs de la Vertu) is a 1791 novel by Donatien Alphonse François de Sade, better known as the Marquis de Sade. "Justine" is set just
Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries of pedal timpani. For example, in the final waltz in Act 3 of his opera, "Der Rosenkavalier", Strauss wrote for the timpani the way he wrote for the bass, with a long, walking melodic line. He accomplished this by requiring the timpanist to make many quick and challenging changes in the drums pitch that imitated the walking bassline that occurs throughout the entire waltz. Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries The modern timpani evolved in the 18th and 19th centuries from the simple 12th-century membranophone of the Naker to a complex instrument, consisting of a suspended kettle