Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded an amoral social climber who attempts to seduce "Squire Booby" while feigning innocence to manipulate him into marrying her. In this version, the author works to invalidate Pamela by pointing out the incongruities between characters and the overall plot of the story. This version suggests that she was not really as virtuous as she may have seemed to be. Another important satire was "The Anti-Pamela; or Feign’d Innocence Detected" (1741) by Eliza Haywood. Although not technically a satire, the Marquis de Sade's "Justine" is generally perceived as a critical response to Pamela, due in part to its subtitle, "The Misfortunes
Paris in the 18th century when censorship was abolished. Serious publications, such as the "Journal des Débats" appeared, along with thousands of short pamphlets, addressing the current topics of the day, and often virulent in their language. The period of press freedom did not last for long; in 1792 Robespierre and the Jacobins restored censorship and closed opposition newspapers and printing houses. Strict censorship was retained by governments that followed. Freedom of the press was not restored until the second half of the 19th century. Several weekly and monthly magazines appeared in the early 18th century; the "Mercure de France", originally called the "Mercure Gallant",