Shining Path "First Military School" where members were instructed in military tactics and the use of weapons. They also engaged in "Criticism and Self-criticism", a Maoist practice intended to purge bad habits and avoid the repetition of mistakes. During the existence of the First Military School, members of the Central Committee came under heavy criticism. Guzmán did not, and he emerged from the First Military School as the clear leader of the Shining Path. In 1992, Guzman and other leaders of the Shining Path received life imprisonment sentences for their role in the Lucanamarca massacre, among other charges. When Peru's military government
Communist Party of the Valencian Country Communist Party of the Valencian Country Communist Party of the Valencian Country (in Valencian: "Partit Comunista del País Valencià"; in Spanish: "Partido Comunista del País Valenciano"), is a Spanish communist political party, acting as the federation of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) in the Valencian Community. As such, it is a component party of the United Left of the Valencian Country group. The PCPV was constituted in 1976, a year after the death of Francisco Franco, during the Spanish transition to democracy. Its first general secretary was Antonio Palomares, a communist leader who had fought against Francoist Spain. In