Electropositive shark repellent Atlantic longlining vessels in 2008. As expected, teleosts (bony fish) are not repelled by the electropositive metal’s cation liberation in seawater. This is because teleosts lack the ampullae of Lorenzini. Teleost response was confirmed using captive Cobia ("Rachycentron canadum") and Pacific halibut ("Hippoglossus stenolepis"). In July 2008 swordfish ("Xiphias gladius") catch was reported on experimental hooks treated with electropositive metal. As with all shark repellents, 100% effectiveness will not be achieved with electropositive metals. The metals are particularly effective when the shark is relying on its electrosense. It is likely that electropositive metals are ineffective for deliberately stimulated (chummed) sharks,
Bonney Flat Bonney Flat Bonney Flat, previously "Bonney's Flat", is geographic location in South Australia west of Mount Pleasant, south of Mount Crawford and north of Birdwood (prev. Blumberg). Early farmers in this area include the Hannaford family. Not to be confused with Bonney Flat Creek, a few km west of Balhannah, South Australia, some to the south and west, where the Camac family were prominent settlers. Confusingly, this is the site of the Bonney Flat Cemetery. Note that the entry for Bonney Flat in the Manning index of South Australian placenames refers to this location, which once shared the same name.