Shining Path "First Military School" where members were instructed in military tactics and the use of weapons. They also engaged in "Criticism and Self-criticism", a Maoist practice intended to purge bad habits and avoid the repetition of mistakes. During the existence of the First Military School, members of the Central Committee came under heavy criticism. Guzmán did not, and he emerged from the First Military School as the clear leader of the Shining Path. In 1992, Guzman and other leaders of the Shining Path received life imprisonment sentences for their role in the Lucanamarca massacre, among other charges. When Peru's military government
Central Party School of the Communist Party of China Central Party School of the Communist Party of China The Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Beijing, also known as the Central Party School, is the higher education institution which specifically trains officials for the Communist Party of China. As of 2012, it has around 1,600 students. The current president is Chen Xi, a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China. The Party School was established as the CPC Central Committee's Marx School of Communism () in Ruijin, Jiangxi in 1933. It folded when the Red Army left on the