Shining Path "First Military School" where members were instructed in military tactics and the use of weapons. They also engaged in "Criticism and Self-criticism", a Maoist practice intended to purge bad habits and avoid the repetition of mistakes. During the existence of the First Military School, members of the Central Committee came under heavy criticism. Guzmán did not, and he emerged from the First Military School as the clear leader of the Shining Path. In 1992, Guzman and other leaders of the Shining Path received life imprisonment sentences for their role in the Lucanamarca massacre, among other charges. When Peru's military government
South Seas Communist Party South Seas Communist Party The South Seas Communist Party (abbreviated SSCP), also called the Nanyang Communist Party (), was a communist party in Southeast Asia established in 1925 when the Communist Party of China separated its exile branches in the region to make way for local communist parties. SSCP succeeded earlier efforts by the Indonesian communist Tan Malaka to build communist parties in the region. The SSCP was headquartered in Singapore. In 1930 SSCP was disbanded, and national communist parties were formed such as Communist Party of Indochina (led by Ho Chi Minh), Malayan Communist Party and Communist Party of