Shining Path of this group are generally called "senderistas". All documents, periodicals and other materials produced by the organization are signed by the Communist Party of Peru (PCP). Academics often refer to them as PCP-SL. The Shining Path was founded in the late 1960s by Abimael Guzmán, a former university philosophy professor (his followers referred to him by his nom de guerre which was "Presidente Gonzalo"). His teachings created the foundation of its militant Maoist doctrine. It was an offshoot of the Communist Party of Peru — "Bandera Roja" (red flag), which in turn split from the original Peruvian Communist Party, a
Communist Party (French Section of the Communist International) of the Region of Madagascar 1936 the newspaper "La Nation malgache" and changed its name to "Le Prolétariat malgache", and on February 5, 1937 it was formally relaunched as the organ of PC(SFIC)RM. On January 23, 1937, a national bureau of the party was formed. The party was dissolved in 1938. Communist Party (French Section of the Communist International) of the Region of Madagascar Communist Party (French Section of the Communist International) of the Region of Madagascar () was formally constituted on August 12, 1936 at a meeting at L'Hôtel Glacier in Tananarive. The formal announcement of the formation of the party came after ten