Homosexuality and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints a cure and ... become normal again." The pamphlet taught that church leaders may assist gay members by reciting scripture; appealing to their reason; encouraging them to abandon gay lovers and associates; praying with them; and encouraging them to replace any sexual expression of their homosexual feelings with heterosexual expressions like opposite-sex dating. The pamphlet emphasized that "[h]omosexuality CAN be cured." In 1973 the American Psychiatric Association’s removed homosexuality from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and in 1990 the World Health Organization removed homosexuality from the list of disorders classified in the tenth edition of the International
Causes of mental disorders or epilepsy (affecting behaviour and mood) as factors that may possibly trigger an episode of mental illness. Family-linkage and twin studies have indicated that genetic factors often play an important role in the development of mental disorders. The reliable identification of specific genetic susceptibility to particular disorders, through linkage or association studies, has proven difficult. This has been reported to be likely due to the complexity of interactions between genes, environmental events, and early development or to the need for new research strategies. The heritability of behavioral traits associated with mental disorder may be greater in permissive than in restrictive