Mahatma Gandhi a radio address (on Singapore radio) on 6 July 1944 by Subhash Chandra Bose where Bose addressed Gandhi as "The Father of the Nation". On 28 April 1947, Sarojini Naidu during a conference also referred Gandhi as "Father of the Nation". A 5 hours, 9 minutes long biographical documentary film, "", made by Vithalbhai Jhaveri in 1968, quoting Gandhi's words and using black & white archival footage and photographs, captures the history of those times. Ben Kingsley portrayed him in Richard Attenborough's 1982 film "Gandhi", which won the Academy Award for Best Picture. The 1996 film "The Making of the
Sanjay Gandhi growth. The exact extent of Sanjay Gandhi's role in the implementation of the program is somewhat disputed, with some writers holding Gandhi directly responsible for his authoritarianism, and other writers blaming the officials who implemented the program rather than Gandhi himself. David Frum and Vinod Mehta state that the sterilization programmes were initiated at the behest of the IMF and the World Bank: Sanjay Gandhi escaped an assassination attempt in March 1977. Unknown gunmen fired at his car about 300 miles south-east of New Delhi during his election campaign. Kissa Kursi Ka was a satirical film directed by Amrit Nahata