Jack–Nine card games huge family of Ace–Ten card games. Ace–Ten games are characterized by the scoring values 11 and 10 for ace and ten, respectively. This family is popular in most of Europe, notable exceptions being the United Kingdom and Ireland, and Sweden and Norway. The group includes Bezique, Pinochle, Italian Briscola and the Schafkopf group with German Skat. According to David Parlett, this "popular and widespread two-hander has so many names, mostly variations on the same one, that it is hard to know which is best for universal recognition. Klaberjass is probably closest to the original." He lists the alternative names as
History of Skat Altenburg suit bidding ("Altenburger Farbenreizen") and the point bidding system used today was that the suit bidding offered only the basic values of the games. Except in special cases, a player could not be overbid by an unfavourable Unter/Jack in the Skat, since the position of the Unters was not taken into account when bidding. "Matadors" ("Spitzen") were not taken into account until after the game. In addition, the game types differed from today's: Little is known about the early history and origins of point bidding. The first Skat Congress failed in its attempt to found an all-German Skat Association