Letters on the English author of "Novum Organum" and father of experimental philosophy. Letter 13 is about John Locke and his theories on the immortality of the soul. Letter 14 compares British philosopher Isaac Newton to French philosopher René Descartes. Upon his death in 1727, Newton was compared to Descartes in a eulogy performed by French philosopher Fontenelle. While the British did not appreciate this comparison, Voltaire argues that Descartes, too, was a great philosopher and mathematician. Letter 15 focuses on Newton's law of universal gravitation. Letter 16 talks about Newton's work with optics. Letter 17 discusses Newton's work with geometry and his theories
Freud and Philosophy about symbols explored in his earlier work "The Symbolism of Evil" (1960). One of Ricœur's most noted works, "Freud and Philosophy" has been compared to the philosopher Herbert Marcuse's "Eros and Civilization" (1955), the classicist Norman O. Brown's "Life Against Death" (1959), the sociologist Philip Rieff's "" (1959), and the philosopher Jürgen Habermas's "Knowledge and Human Interests" (1968). Commentators have praised Ricœur's discussion of Freud's theories, his exploration of usually neglected aspects of Freud's work, and his discussion of phenomenology. Ricœur's suggestion that Freud, Marx, and Nietzsche form a "school of suspicion" has become famous. However, "Freud and Philosophy" became