Rationalism of Augustine, the Islamic philosopher Avicenna and Jewish philosopher and theologian Maimonides. One notable event in the Western timeline was the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas who attempted to merge Greek rationalism and Christian revelation in the thirteenth-century. Early modern rationalism has its roots in the 17th-century Dutch Republic, with some notable intellectual representatives like Hugo Grotius, René Descartes, and Baruch Spinoza. Descartes was the first of the modern rationalists and has been dubbed the 'Father of Modern Philosophy.' Much subsequent Western philosophy is a response to his writings, which are studied closely to this day. Descartes thought that only knowledge
Freud and Philosophy psychoanalysts or psychologists would accept them. The critic Frederick Crews commented in "Out of My System" (1975) that "school of suspicion" was an apt term for Ricœur's grouping of Marx, Nietzsche, and Freud. The philosopher Vincent Descombes noted in "Modern French Philosophy" (1979) that "Freud and Philosophy" led to "polemic between the Lacanians" and Ricœur. John B. Thompson described "Freud and Philosophy" as a "well-known and justly acclaimed study of Freud" in his introduction to Ricœur's "Hermeneutics and the human sciences" (1981). He compared Ricœur's views to Lacan's, writing that despite differences between the two, both accepted the "irreducible role