Moon the correct values of about 60 and 0.273 respectively. Archimedes (287–212 BC) designed a planetarium that could calculate the motions of the Moon and other objects in the Solar System. During the Middle Ages, before the invention of the telescope, the Moon was increasingly recognised as a sphere, though many believed that it was "perfectly smooth". In 1609, Galileo Galilei drew one of the first telescopic drawings of the Moon in his book and noted that it was not smooth but had mountains and craters. Telescopic mapping of the Moon followed: later in the 17th century, the efforts of Giovanni
Lunar craters named lunar craters are "satellite craters": their names consist of the name of a nearby named crater and a capital letter (for example, , , and so on). Lunar crater chains are usually named after a nearby crater. Their Latin names contain the word "Catena" ("chain"). For example, "Catena Davy" is situated near the crater Davy. The red marker on these images illustrates the location of the named crater feature on the near side of the Moon. Lunar craters Lunar craters are impact craters on Earth's Moon. The Moon's surface has many craters, almost all of which were formed by