French philosophy for René Descartes' oeuvre. Modern philosophy began in France with the philosophy of René Descartes (1596–1650). His "Meditations on First Philosophy" changed the primary object of philosophical thought from ontology to epistemology and overcame the Aristotelian dogmatism inherited in philosophy from Scholasticism, the dominant form of thought in preceding centuries, while simultaneously raising some of the most fundamental problems for future generations of philosophers. René Descartes was concerned with the uncertainty in the sciences and the radical scepticism which spread across Europe when publications of Sextus Empiricus became available. Descartes desired to find indubitable ground on which all the sciences
Philosophy of Love: A Partial Summing-Up Philosophy of Love: A Partial Summing-Up Philosophy of Love: A Partial Summing-Up is a 2009 book by the American philosopher Irving Singer, in which the author summarizes and expands upon the themes of his earlier three-volume works "The Nature of Love" (1984–1987) and "Meaning in Life" (1992–1996). The book, which has been described as an "intellectual biography" by its author, received positive reviews. "Philosophy of Love: A Partial Summing-Up" was published by MIT Press. "Philosophy of Love: A Partial Summing-Up" received positive reviews from the philosopher Leslie Armour in "Library Journal", and in "Publishers Weekly". The book was also reviewed