Penny Red Penny Red The Penny Red was a British postage stamp, issued in 1841. It succeeded the Penny Black and continued as the main type of postage stamp in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until 1879, with only minor changes to the design during that time. The colour was changed from black to red because of difficulty in seeing a cancellation mark on the Penny Black; a black cancel was readily visible on a Penny Red. Initially, some of the same plates that were used to print the Penny Black were used to print the Penny Red and
Penny & Giles Penny & Giles Penny & Giles (P&G) was a British engineering company in Dorset (former Hampshire) that made flight recorders (black boxes). The company was founded in 1956 by Prof William Alfred Penny and James Giles. It made high-reliability wire-wound potentiometers for aircraft in flight testing. In 1957 it made the first aircraft data recorder with magnetic recording on a stainless steel wire, known as a "black box". In 1963, the Ministry of Aviation informed the UK aircraft industry that all civil airliners would have to have flight data recorders. In April 1973, Penny and Giles Conductive Plastics received a