Flag of the United States John Paul Jones used a variety of 13-star flags on his U.S. Navy ships including the well-documented 1779 flags of the Serapis and the Alliance. The Serapis flag had three rows of eight-pointed stars with stripes that were red, white, and blue. The flag for the "Alliance", however, had five rows of eight-pointed stars with 13 red and white stripes, and the white stripes were on the outer edges. Both flags were documented by the Dutch government in October 1779, making them two of the earliest known flags of 13 stars. Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer,
The Red Flag The Red Flag The Red Flag is a socialist song, emphasising the sacrifices and solidarity of the international labour movement. It is the anthem of the British Labour Party, Irish nationalist Social Democratic and Labour Party, and Irish Labour Party. The song is traditionally sung at the close of each party's national conference. Though this song is not commonly associated with organisations aligned to the principles of Marxism-Leninism and its derivatives, translated versions of it are sung by Japanese Communist Party and Korean People's Army. Irishman Jim Connell wrote the song's lyrics in 1889 in Nicholas Donovan's house. There are