Independence Act of Panama 10 November 1821, rebels throughout the Panamanian countryside began demanding independence. Using bribes to quell resistance from the Spanish troops and garner their desertion, the rebels gained control of Panama City without bloodshed. An open meeting was held with merchants, landowners, and elites, who fearing retaliation from Spain and interruption of trade decided to join the Republic of Gran Colombia and drafted the Independence Act of Panama. The Declaration of Independence was drafted on 28 November 1821 by the educator and diplomat Manuel José Hurtado and consisted of twelve articles. The text is as follows: José Vallarino Jiménez was chosen
Kiev Independence Day Parade Kiev Independence Day Parade The Kiev Independence Day Parade is the main event of the Independence Day of Ukraine, which is celebrated annually in Kiev on August 24. The first parade in honor of Independence Day was held on Khreschatyk Street in 1994. In 1998, the parade included military vehicles for the first time since 1990. In 2014, the parade held its first Independence March, minus the mobile column. The parade commander was the head of the Kiev Military District and inspecting the parade was the Defense Minister Vitaly Radetsky. On its 10th anniversary of independence of 2001, Kiev held