Penny Black VR official Penny Black VR official The VR official was one of three postage stamps introduced by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in May 1840 for the pre-payment of postage. While the Penny Black and the Two Pence Blue were for use by the general public, as were the Mulready envelopes and letter sheets, the VR official was for use on official mail. In appearance the VR Official was the same as the issued Penny Black except that the Maltese crosses in the top corners were removed and replaced by the letters V and R, hence its common name.
Penny (unit) nail, the higher the cost per long hundred. The system remained in use in England into the 20th century, but is obsolete there today. The d is an abbreviation for "denarius", a Roman coin similar to a penny; this was the abbreviation for the monetary penny in the United Kingdom before decimalisation. Penny (unit) In the United States, the length of a nail is designated by its penny size, written with a number and the abbreviation d for penny; for example, "10d" for a ten-penny nail. A larger number indicates a longer nail, shown in the table below. Nails under