November (Roman month) have been the most ancient holidays, becoming part of the calendar before 509 BC. Unless otherwise noted, the dating and observances on the following table are from H.H. Scullard, "Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic" (Cornell University Press, 1981), pp. 196–198. After the Ides, dates for the Julian calendar are given; pre-Julian dates for particular events, when April had one less day, are noted parenthetically. November (Roman month) November (from Latin "novem", "nine") or mensis November was originally the ninth of ten months on the Roman calendar, following October ("octo", "eight") and preceding December ("decem", "ten"). It had 29
September (Roman month) may represent a magico-medical charm to ensure healthy wine, with the lizard either a potent lustration or the potential damage to be warded off. The lizard is also an attribute of Apollo Sauroctonos. In calendar mosaics from Hellín in Roman Spain and Trier in "Gallia Belgica", September is represented by the god Vulcan, the tutelary deity of the month in the "menologia rustica", depicted as an old man holding tongs. The mosaic from Hellín (2nd–3rd century) depicts each of the months as a personification with or representing a zodiac sign. September is shown holding balance scales and assisted by Vulcan.