Enduring Love with a review in "The New York Times" criticizing McEwan for having "simply stuck too close to the facts". McEwan later submitted the paper to the "British Journal of Psychiatry" under the name of the paper's fictional writers, but it was not published. Speaking in 1999, McEwan said "I get four or five letters a week, usually from reading groups but sometimes from psychiatrists and scholars, asking if I wrote the appendix." Enduring Love Enduring Love (1997) is a novel by British writer Ian McEwan. The plot concerns two strangers who become perilously entangled after witnessing a deadly accident. On
Satisfaction theory of atonement of the atonement, but penal substitution offers a specific explanation as to what the suffering is for: "punishment". Augustine teaches substitutionary atonement. However, the specific interpretation differed as to what this suffering for sinners meant. The early Church Fathers, including Athanasius and Augustine, taught that through Christ's suffering in humanity's place, he overcame and liberated us from death and the devil. Thus while the idea of substitutionary atonement is present in nearly all atonement theories, the specific idea of satisfaction and penal substitution are later developments in the Latin church. St. Anselm of Canterbury first articulated the satisfaction view in