Square root of 5 one, when traversing the cube "surface" (the shortest distance when traversing through the "inside" of the cube corresponds to the length of the cube diagonal, which is the square root of three times the edge). The number can be algebraically and geometrically related to and , as it is the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle with catheti measuring and (again, the Pythagorean theorem proves this). Right triangles of such proportions can be found inside a cube: the sides of any triangle defined by the centre point of a cube, one of its vertices, and the middle point
Nth root Any expression containing a radical, whether it is a square root, a cube root, or a higher root, is called a "radical expression", and if it contains no transcendental functions or transcendental numbers it is called an algebraic expression. In calculus, roots are treated as special cases of exponentiation, where the exponent is a fraction: Roots are particularly important in the theory of infinite series; the root test determines the radius of convergence of a power series. Roots can also be defined for complex numbers, and the complex roots of 1 (the roots of unity) play an important role in