Evolution of human colour vision that are found between 450 and 625. Individuals with various forms of colour blindness such as deuteranopia and protanopia are missing human middle wavelength sensitive or long wavelength sensitive opsins. Their minimum wavelength differences are <5 but only at around 500. Protanopes, who are missing long wavelength sensitive cones, are unable to distinguish between colours in the green-yellow-red section of the electromagnetic spectrum. They find yellow, red and orange colours to have much lower brightness when compared to a trichromat. The dimming of these colours can result in confusion in many cases, such as when attempting to identify red traffic
Light and Colour (Goethe's Theory) – The Morning after the Deluge – Moses Writing the Book of Genesis depicted their relationship in a number of his paintings, including "Light and Colour (Goethe's Theory) – the Morning after the Deluge – Moses Writing the Book of Genesis". According to this theory,the creation of colour is dependent on the distribution of dark and light reflecting through a transparent object. Turner uses main concepts from Goethe’s theory, which is a rejection of Newton's Seven Color Theory, and expresses the belief that every colour was an individualised combination of light and darkness. Newton's reasoning in his theory of light and colour was, in the words of Michael Duck, too "simplistic" for Goethe.