Cube root polar angle by three in order to define a cube root. With this definition, the principal cube root of a negative number is a complex number, and for instance will not be −2, but rather . This difficulty can also be solved by considering the cube root as a multivalued function: if we write the original complex number "x" in three equivalent forms, namely The principal complex cube roots of these three forms are then respectively Unless , these three complex numbers are distinct, even though the three representations of "x" were equivalent. For example, may then be calculated to
Square root of 3 1. On the complex plane, this distance is expressed as mentioned below. It is the length of the space diagonal of a unit cube. The vesica piscis has a major axis to minor axis ratio equal to 1:, this can be shown by constructing two equilateral triangles within it. Multiplication of by the imaginary unit gives a square root of -3, an imaginary number. More exactly, (see square root of negative numbers). It is an Eisenstein integer. Namely, it is expressed as the difference between two non-real cubic roots of 1 (which are Eisenstein integers). In power engineering, the voltage