Salix babylonica but beyond China, it has not generally been as successfully cultivated as some of its hybrid derivatives, being sensitive to late-spring frosts. In the more humid climates of much of Europe and eastern North America, it is susceptible to a canker disease, willow anthracnose ("Marssonina salicicola"), which makes infected trees very short-lived and unsightly. "Salix babylonica" (Babylon willow) has many cultivars, including: Various cultivars of "Salix matsudana" (Chinese willow) are now often included within "Salix babylonica", treated more broadly, including: Yet other weeping willow cultivars are derived from interspecific "Salix" hybrids, including "S. babylonica" in their parentage. The most widely
Salix matsudana female catkins on separate trees. The leaves are narrow, light green, around 4–10 cm long and 1–2 cm broad. The flowers are borne in catkins produced early in the spring The "Flora of China" recognizes three varieties within the species "Salix matsudana:" Many botanists, notably the Russian willow expert Alexei Konstantinovich Skvortsov, treat "Salix matsudana" as a synonym of the Peking willow "Salix babylonica", which, despite its botanical name, is also native to northern China. The only reported difference between the two is that "S. matsudana" has two nectaries in each female flower, whereas "S. babylonica" has only one; however