Laguna del Maule (volcano) about fourteen shield volcanoes and stratovolcanoes that have been degraded by glaciation. The Laguna del Maule volcanic field covers a surface area of and contains cones, lava domes, lava flows, and shield volcanoes. There are 130 volcanic vents at Laguna del Maule. The lake is surrounded by 36 silicic coulees and lava domes. Over of the field is covered by these rocks, and volcanic ash and pumice produced by the eruptions has been found in Argentina. Presently some summits around Laguna del Maule reach altitudes of . The volcanic field lies at an average height of . Among the various
Laguna del Negro Francisco the lake is formed by alluvial fans and in the eastern sector by alluvial deposits such as gravels, sands and silts. A number of mountains surround the lake, such as the high Copiapó and the Jotabeche. The Astaburuaga River enters the lake on its eastern shore; it originates on the mountains east of Laguna del Negro Francisco where it is nourished by snowmelt. Other tributaries are the Quebrada Azufre in the northwest, Rio de la Sal in the northeast and Rio La Gallina in the southwest; the tributaries of Laguna del Negro Francisco feature wetlands and marsh vegetation has developed