Circumference pi, is represented by the Greek letter . The first few decimal digits of the numerical value of are 3.141592653589793 ... Pi is defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter : Or, equivalently, as the ratio of the circumference to twice the radius. The above formula can be rearranged to solve for the circumference: The use of the mathematical constant is ubiquitous in mathematics, engineering, and science. In "Measurement of a Circle" written circa 250 BCE, Archimedes showed that this ratio (, since he did not use the name ) was greater than 3 but less
The Doll that Came Straight from Fairyland a cannon and a magical balloon, but only replies that his godmother should give him what she thinks best. In response, Fairy Zigzag instead asks Princess Pansy what she would like. Princess Pansy asks for a fine clay doll. The Fairy Zigzag creates a magical doll straight from fairyland and then leaves the party. The Prince is left without a gift from his fairy godmother. Princess Pansy names the doll Lady Emmelina and in the days following the party becomes bewitched by the doll. Prince Perfection gets jealous of Lady Emmelina when his sister no longer plays with him. Missing