Rubaʿi Rubaʿi Rubāʿī (from "rubāʿiyy", plural "rubāʿiyāt") is the term for a quatrain, a poem or a verse of a poem consisting of four lines. It refers specifically to a form of Persian poetry, or its derivative form in English and other languages In classical Persian poetry, the "ruba'i" is written as a four-line (or two-couplet) poem, with a rhyme-scheme AABA or AAAA. This is an example of a "ruba'i" from Rūmī's Dīwān-i Shams": The usual metre of a Persian "ruba'i", which is used for all four lines of the above quatrain by Rumi, is as follows: In the above scheme,
Poetry the second and third couplets. The couplets with parallel lines contain contrasting content but an identical grammatical relationship between words. Jintishi often have a rich poetic diction, full of allusion, and can have a wide range of subject, including history and politics. One of the masters of the form was Du Fu (712–770 CE), who wrote during the Tang Dynasty (8th century). The villanelle is a nineteen-line poem made up of five triplets with a closing quatrain; the poem is characterized by having two refrains, initially used in the first and third lines of the first stanza, and then alternately