Francis Loraine Petre maintained, he used statistical information supplied by the President of Columbia. The book includes photographs that he took himself. His second book on South America was "Simon Bolivar—El Libertador; a life of the chief leader in the revolt against Spain in Venezuela, New Granada and Peru." Francis Loraine Petre Francis Loraine Petre (22 February 1852 – 6 May 1925) was a British civil servant in India and a military historian upon his retirement. He wrote a two-volume regimental history of the Norfolk Regiment, but is best known for his works on the Napoleonic Wars. The grandson of the 11th Baron
University of Cartagena 1826, General Francisco de Paula Santander decree cleared the way for the creation of a university in the Caribbean Region of Colombia and was chosen to host Cartagena de Indias. On October 6, 1827 the Liberator Simon Bolivar formalized, thus was born the University of Magdalena and the Isthmus, because at that time Panama was part of Colombia. Subsequently, due to changes in territorial and political type, and University of Central Magdalena became the University of Cartagena in the Cloister of St. Augustine, then had only two undergraduate: Law and Medicine. In the 1950s, officially adopting the current shield University.