Marc Amsler honor in ophthalmology. Amsler was professor and chief of the Zurich Eye Clinic until 1961. His successor was Rudolf Witmer. He is best known for the Amsler grid test. The Amsler grid was an improvement over the initial work done by the ophthalmologist Edmond Landolt. The grid tests the function of the macula, a part of the retina, so that macular degeneration can be identified. He also contributed to the progress in the understanding of uveitis. Furthermore, he published works on keratoconus. In 1951, Dr. Amsler performed the first corneal transplantation at the Zurich Eye clinic. Marc Amsler Marc Amsler
Examining magistrate and as a result grand jurors hear only evidence from the prosecution; by contrast, under the French system, the French examining magistrate operates as an investigator, and the indicting chamber acts as a screening body expressly responsible for seeking the truth. Use of the examining magistrate has declined in Europe over time. Spain, France, Croatia, the Netherlands, Belgium and Greece are among the countries to retain the practice, and in all of these nations the examining magistrate's role has been diminished, with a general trend of restricting the examining magistrate's involvement to only "serious crimes or sensitive cases" or having