Silicon Silicon Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14. It is a hard and brittle crystalline solid with a blue-grey metallic lustre; and it is a tetravalent metalloid and semiconductor. It is a member of group 14 in the periodic table: carbon is above it; and germanium, tin, and lead are below it. It is relatively unreactive. Because of its large chemical affinity for oxygen, it was not until 1823 that Jöns Jakob Berzelius was first able to prepare it and characterize it in pure form. Its melting and boiling points of 1414 °C and 3265
Systematic element name for 4). There are two elision rules designed to prevent odd-looking names. The suffix "-ium" overrides traditional chemical suffix rules; thus elements 117 and 118 were "ununseptium" and "ununoctium", not "ununseptine" and "ununocton". This does not apply to the final trivial names these elements receive once confirmed; thus element 117 and 118 are now "tennessine" and "oganesson". For these trivial names, all elements receive the suffix "-ium", except those in group 17 which receive "-ine" (like the halogens) and those in group 18 which receive "-on" (like the noble gases). The systematic symbol is formed by taking the first letter