Mensural notation recoverable from the modern text. While 19th and early 20th century editions of Renaissance music often preserved the large note values of the originals, including breves and longs, most modern editions will use scaled-down note values in order to match modern reading habits regarding tempo and beat structure. For 16th century music, a frequent scheme is diminution by a factor of 2 (i.e., rendering semibreves as modern minims), in a modern "alla breve" bar. Older music might be diminished by a factor of 4 (rendering semibreves as crotchets) or sometimes 8 (rendering breves as crotchets). For 13th-century pieces, diminution by
Value of time non-working time is linked strongly to utility theory. Vickerman, R.W. 1975 The Economics of Leisure and Recreation, London:Macmillan Value of time In transport economics, the value of time is the opportunity cost of the time that a traveler spends on his/her journey. In essence, this makes it the amount that a traveler would be willing to pay in order to save time, or the amount they would accept as compensation for lost time. One of the main justifications for transport improvements is the amount of time that travelers will save. Using a set of values of time, the economic benefits