Republic of Central Lithuania both Lithuanians and Poles. According to a German census analyst, "Objectively determining conditions of nationality comes up against the greatest difficulties." In the aftermath of the First World War, both Poland and Lithuania regained independence. The conflict between them soon arose as both Lithuania and Poland claimed Vilnius (known in Polish as Wilno) region. Demographically, the main groups inhabiting Vilnius were Poles and Jews, with Lithuanians constituting a small fraction of the total population (2.0%–2.6%, according to the Russian census of 1897 and the German census of 1916). The Lithuanians nonetheless believed that their historical claim to Vilnius (former capital
Bank of Lithuania Bank of Lithuania The Bank of Lithuania () is the central bank of the Republic of Lithuania. "The Bank of Lithuania" is a member of the European System of Central Banks. The chairman of the bank is Vitas Vasiliauskas. Until 2015, the Bank of Lithuania was responsible for issuing the former Lithuanian currency, the litas. According to the Bank's official website, the Bank of Lithuania performs these primary functions: The Bank is governed by a board consisting of a chairperson, two deputy chairpersons and two members. According to The Bank of Lithuania official website, it is managed by Supervision Service;