Egyptians nationalist sentiment reached a high point after the 1906 Dinshaway Incident, when following an altercation between a group of British soldiers and Egyptian farmers, four of the farmers were hanged while others were condemned to public flogging. Dinshaway, a watershed in the history of Egyptian anti-colonial resistance, galvanized Egyptian opposition against the British, culminating in the founding of the first two political parties in Egypt: the secular, liberal "Umma" (the Nation, 1907) headed by Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed, and the more radical, pro-Islamic "Watani" Party (National Party, 1908) headed by Mustafa Kamil. Lutfi was born to a family of farmers in
Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War A large contingent of African Americans served in the American Civil War. 186,097 black men joined the Union Army: 7,122 officers, and 178,975 enlisted soldiers. Approximately 20,000 black sailors served in the Union Navy and formed a large percentage of many ships' crews. Later in the War, many regiments were recruited and organized as the "United States Colored Troops", which reinforced the Northern side substantially in the last two years. Both Northern free blacks and Southern runaway slaves joined the fight. Throughout the course of the war, black soldiers served