Columbus Day Columbus's landing in the New World on the 400th anniversary of the event. During the anniversary in 1892, teachers, preachers, poets and politicians used rituals to teach ideals of patriotism. These rituals took themes such as citizenship boundaries, the importance of loyalty to the nation, and the celebration of social progress. Many Italian-Americans observe Columbus Day as a celebration of their heritage, and the first such celebration was held in New York City on October 12, 1866. The day was first enshrined as a legal holiday in the United States through the lobbying of Angelo Noce, a first generation Italian,
Indigenous Peoples' Day votes in Oberlin, Ohio, followed later by Bangor, Maine in the earlier weeks of the same month, the Los Angeles City Council voted in favor of replacing Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples Day. Children in schools have been taught about Christopher Columbus as a hero, but in the book "Rethinking Columbus: The Next 500 Years", some say that children should be taught about the truth of what Christopher Columbus started and what affect his actions had upon the native people of the Americas. Numerous efforts in the Americas have honored Native Americans as part of Columbus Day, or by designating