Area of a circle "ds" over the whole circle formula_33 is just the arc length, which is its circumference, so this shows that the area "A" enclosed by the circle is equal to formula_34 times the circumference of the circle. Note that the area of a semicircle of radius r can be computed by the integral formula_35. By trigonometric substitution, we substitute formula_36, hence formula_37 The last step follows since the trigonometric identity formula_42 implies that formula_43 and formula_44 have equal integrals over the interval formula_45, using integration by substitution. But on the other hand, since formula_46, the sum of the two integrals is
Circle MRT line an LRT line that goes from Paya Lebar to Buona Vista via Serangoon and Bishan to form Circle line Stage 3 and 4 in 2001. Circle line Stage 5 was finalised in February 2002 when Stage 4 was extended from Buona Vista to World Trade Centre to close up the link and to provide connectivity from the west to Sentosa, and it became the full Circle line in the end. Stations in Circle line that were a part of the original Marina line plans include Dhoby Ghaut, Bras Basah, Esplanade, Promenade, Nicoll Highway and Stadium. The part of the previously