Glaucoma surgery that when combined with cataract surgery, the IOP is reduced even further than when done alone. Long term (three year) results have been published both in the US and Europe demonstrating a significant and sustained reduction in both eye pressure and the number of glaucoma medications required for glaucoma control. Certain cells within the eye's ciliary body produce aqueous humor. A ciliary destructive or cyclodestructive procedure is one that aims to destroy those cells in order to reduce intraocular pressure. Cyclocryotherapy, or cyclocryopexy, uses a freezing probe. Cyclophotocoagulation, also known as transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, ciliary body ablation, cyclophotoablation, and cyclophototherapy, uses
Normal tension glaucoma of cases that have been reported in medical literature in the 1980s and 1990s who had the typical signs of glaucomatous damage, like optic nerve head excavation and thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer, while these patients had an IOP that would generally have been regarded as "normal". It is now widely estimated that a larger percentage of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) are suffering from normal tension glaucoma: probably half of all POAG patients in Europe and the majority of POAG patients in East Asia. Among Americans of Japanese descent, for instance, the prevalence of NTG is