Black Ivy League in each of its institutions, including faculty holding endowed professorships, head athletic coaches, deans, and one president, Ruth Simmons (Dillard graduate) of Brown University. From 1967 to 1976, black enrollment in Ivy League colleges rose from 2.3% to 6.3%. In addition, Ivy League alumni who are African-American have formed the Black Ivy Alumni League, as well as separate black alumni groups for each individual university. The Black Ivy Alumni League notes that "over 50,000 alumni of African descent connected through our Ivy League experiences." African Americans who earned undergraduate degrees at Ivy League schools include President Barack Obama; his wife,
Ivy League Fencing Championships tournament). Cornell had previously participated, but its men's NCAA team was cut after the 1993 season. The women's competition features seven teams, with every Ivy League school with the exception of Dartmouth sponsoring a team. Ivy League Fencing Championships The Ivy League Fencing Championships (officially, the Ivy League Fencing Round-Robins) is an annual tournament to determine the Ivy League standings in men's and women's fencing. Unlike at the NCAA Fencing Championships, the two events are contested separately. Then men's Ivy League Round-Robin has existed since 1956; the women's since 1982. Currently, six teams compete in the men's tournament, as neither