New York City and "oil" is pronounced "erl"; this leads to the caricature of New Yorkers saying things like "Joizey" (Jersey), "Toidy-Toid Street" (33rd St.) and "terlet" (toilet). The character Archie Bunker from the 1970s sitcom "All in the Family" (played by Carroll O'Connor) was an example of having used this pattern of speech. The classic version of the New York City dialect is generally centered on middle and working-class New Yorkers. The influx of non-European immigrants in recent decades has led to changes in this distinctive dialect, and the traditional form of this speech pattern is no longer as prevalent among general
Carroll O. Switzer Carroll O. Switzer Carroll O. Switzer (May 23, 1908 – May 30, 1960) was an unsuccessful candidate for Iowa's governorship who later served as a state court judge and (briefly) as a United States federal judge. Born in Pilot Mound, Iowa, Switzer received an LL.B. from Drake University in 1931. Following graduate work at Northwestern University, he entered private practice in 1932 in Des Moines, Iowa. He was an assistant city solicitor for Des Moines from 1936 to 1938. While serving as Polk County Attorney from 1946 to 1948, he was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Iowa in 1948,