Berthold Schwarz Berthold Schwarz Berthold Schwarz (sometimes spelled Schwartz), also known as Berthold the Black and "der Schwartzer", was a legendary German (or in some accounts Danish or Greek) alchemist of the late 14th century, credited with the invention of gunpowder by 15th- through 19th-century European literature. The purported period of Schwarz' activity (late 14th century) thus falls between the first reports of gunpowder in Europe (late 13th century) and the development of effective applications in artillery (mid 15th century). It is unclear whether Schwarz is a historical person. It has been suggested that he was a historical alchemist who had developed
Hanns Schwarz the 1937 British thriller "Return of the Scarlet Pimpernel". He died in California on 27 October 1945. Hanns Schwarz Hanns Schwarz was an Austrian film director. He was born in Vienna on 11 February 1888. He directed twenty four films between 1924 and 1937 in both English and German. During the late silent and early sound eras, he was a leading director at the large German studio UFA. In the early 1930s he worked on several multi-language version films for UFA, producing the same films in distinct German and foreign-language versions. Schwarz was Jewish and was therefore forced to leave