Lingual papillae depapillating oral conditions include geographic tongue, median rhomboid glossitis and other types of glossitis. The term glossitis, particularly "atrophic glossitis" is often used synonymously with depapillation. Where the entire dorsal surface of the tongue has lost its papillae, this is sometimes termed "bald tongue". Nutritional deficiencies of iron, folic acid, and B vitamins may cause depapillation of the tongue. Papillitis refers to inflammation of the papillae, and sometimes the term hypertrophy is used interchangeably. In foliate papillitis the foliate papillae appear swollen. This may occur due to mechanical irritation, or as a reaction to an upper respiratory tract infection. Other
The Canon of Medicine The Canon of Medicine The Canon of Medicine ( "al-Qānūn fī al-Ṭibb") is an encyclopedia of medicine in five books compiled by Persian physician-philosopher Avicenna (Ibn Sina) and completed in 1025. It presents an overview of the contemporary medical knowledge of the medieval Islamic world, which had been influenced by earlier traditions including Greco-Roman medicine (particularly Galen), Persian medicine, and Indian medicine. "The Canon of Medicine" remained a medical authority for centuries. It set the standards for medicine in Medieval Europe and the Islamic world and was used as a standard medical textbook through the 18th century in Europe. It