J. R. R. Tolkien villain, Gilles de Retz. Incidents in both "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings" are similar in narrative and style to the novel, and its overall style and imagery have been suggested as an influence on Tolkien. Tolkien was inspired by early Germanic, especially Old English, literature, poetry, and mythology, which were his chosen and much-loved areas of expertise. These sources of inspiration included Old English literature such as "Beowulf", Norse sagas such as the "Volsunga saga" and the "Hervarar saga", the "Poetic Edda", the "Prose Edda", the "Nibelungenlied", and numerous other culturally related works. Despite the similarities of
The Etymologies (Tolkien) the theory of "sundokarme" or 'base structure' ... but like everything else it was frequently elaborated and altered". In 2003 and 2004, "Vinyar Tengwar" issues 45 and 46 provided addenda and corrigenda to the original published text, which has not since been corrected in book form. The Etymologies (Tolkien) The Etymologies is an etymological dictionary of the constructed Elvish languages, written during the 1930s by J. R. R. Tolkien. It was edited by Christopher Tolkien and published as the third part of "The Lost Road and Other Writings", the fifth volume of the History of Middle-earth. Christopher Tolkien described it