Angle of repose Angle of repose The angle of repose, or critical angle of repose, of a granular material is the steepest angle of descent or dip relative to the horizontal plane to which a material can be piled without slumping. At this angle, the material on the slope face is on the verge of sliding. The angle of repose can range from 0° to 90°. The morphology of the material affects the angle of repose; smooth, rounded sand grains cannot be piled as steeply as can rough, interlocking sands. The angle of repose can also be affected by additions of solvents. If
Less than truckload shipping Less than truckload shipping Less than truckload shipping or less than load (LTL) is the transportation of relatively small freight. The alternatives to LTL carriers are parcel carriers or full truckload carriers. Parcel carriers usually handle small packages and freight that can be broken down into units less than . Full truckload carriers move freight that is loaded into a semi-trailer. Semi-trailers are typically between and require a substantial amount of freight to make such transportation economical. There are several different perspectives as to what is actually considered LTL. Full Truck Load carriers can put anywhere from 2 to 6