Horizon science of graphical perspective. Assuming the picture plane stands vertical to ground, and "P" is the perpendicular projection of the eye point "O" on the picture plane, the horizon is defined as the horizontal line through "P". The point "P" is the vanishing point of lines perpendicular to the picture. If "S" is another point on the horizon, then it is the vanishing point for all lines parallel to "OS". But Brook Taylor (1719) indicated that the horizon plane determined by "O" and the horizon was like any other plane: The peculiar geometry of perspective where parallel lines converge in
Tricritical point more components. It can be shown that three is the "minimum" number of components for which these points can appear. In this case, one may have a two-dimensional region of three-phase coexistence ("F" = 2-3+3 =2) (thus, each point in this region corresponds to a triple point). This region (F=2, P=3) will terminate in two critical lines of two-phase coexistence; these two critical lines (F=1, P=2) may then terminate at a single tricritical point. This point (F=0, P=1) is therefore "twice critical", since it belongs to two critical branches.<br> Indeed, its critical behavior is different from that of a conventional