Camouflage the peacock flounder, squid and octopus actively change their skin patterns and colours using special chromatophore cells to resemble their current background, or, as in most chameleons, for signalling. However, Smith's dwarf chameleon does use active colour change for camouflage. Each chromatophore contains pigment of only one colour. In fish and frogs, colour change is mediated by the type of chromatophores known as melanophores that contain dark pigment. A melanophore is star-shaped; it contains many small pigmented organelles which can be dispersed throughout the cell, or aggregated near its centre. When the pigmented organelles are dispersed, the cell makes a
Underwater camouflage breaking up their outlines with strong contrasts. Fish like "Heniochus macrolepidotus" have similar bands of colour that extend into fins projecting far from the body, distracting attention from the true shape of the fish. Some fish which mimic seaweeds such as the frogfishes "Antennarius marmoratus" and "Pterophryne tumida" have elaborate projections and spines which are combined with complex disruptive coloration. These have the effect of destroying the signature "fish" outline of these animals, as well as helping them to appear as pieces of algae. A variety of marine animals possess active camouflage through their ability to change colour rapidly. Several