Vanishing point is below the horizon line, its vanishing lines angle up to the horizon line. If the object is above, they slope down. All vanishing lines end at the horizon line. 1. Projections of two sets of parallel lines lying in some plane appear to converge, i.e. the vanishing point associated with that pair, on a horizon line, or vanishing line formed by the intersection of the image plane with the plane parallel to and passing through the pinhole. Proof: Consider the ground plane , as which is, for the sake of simplicity, orthogonal to the image plane. Also, consider a
Tricritical point more components. It can be shown that three is the "minimum" number of components for which these points can appear. In this case, one may have a two-dimensional region of three-phase coexistence ("F" = 2-3+3 =2) (thus, each point in this region corresponds to a triple point). This region (F=2, P=3) will terminate in two critical lines of two-phase coexistence; these two critical lines (F=1, P=2) may then terminate at a single tricritical point. This point (F=0, P=1) is therefore "twice critical", since it belongs to two critical branches.<br> Indeed, its critical behavior is different from that of a conventional