Automation of the London Underground Automation of the London Underground Automation of London Underground rolling stock has been partially implemented since the introduction of automatic train operation on the Hainault to Woodford section of the Central line in 1964. It is currently in use on four lines. Transport for London plans to extend this to other lines by 2022. Partially automated trains using Automatic Train Operation (ATO) have been used on passenger services on the Victoria line since 1968. The side doors to the driver's cab were sealed, so that access was normally through the passenger saloon. Since the trains were to be operated by
London Underground infrastructure were originally maple wood, then aluminium from 1963, and this had been replaced with plastic or rubber following an increase in serious injuries following falls. However, following the King's Cross fire, aluminium treads have been used. There are 426 escalators on the London Underground system and the longest, at , is at Angel. The shortest, at Stratford, gives a vertical rise of . There are 184 lifts across the Underground, with 72 stations having step-free access from street to train. Major efforts have taken place to improve accessibility across the Underground, with the Jubilee line extension having lifts from opening