Patella fracture been connected to the removed portion are connected to the remaining portion. The fracture may require tension band wiring (in case of two part fracture) to unite the fractured bones. With advancement of fixation technique comminuted fracture of the patella are being reconstructed (patella saving operations). Patella fracture A patella fracture is a break of the kneecap. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and bruising to the front of the knee. A person may also be unable to walk. Complications may include injury to the tibia, femur, or knee ligaments. It typicals results from a hard blow to the front of the
Human-body model Human-body model The human-body model (HBM) is the most commonly used model for characterizing the susceptibility of an electronic device to damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD). The model is a simulation of the discharge which might occur when a human touches an electronic device. The HBM definition most widely used is the test model defined in the United States military standard, MIL-STD-883, Method 3015.9, Electrostatic Discharge Sensitivity Classification. This method establishes a simplified equivalent electrical circuit and the necessary test procedures required to model an HBM ESD event. An internationally widely used standard is JEDEC standard JS-001. HBM is used