Oboe of the family (it is usually pitched in E or F above the oboe), and the contrabass oboe (typically pitched in C, two octaves deeper than the standard oboe). Folk versions of the oboe, sometimes equipped with extensive keywork, are found throughout Europe. These include the musette (France) and the piston oboe and bombarde (Brittany), the piffero and ciaramella (Italy), and the xirimia (also spelled chirimia) (Spain). Many of these are played in tandem with local forms of bagpipe, particularly with the Italian zampogna or Breton biniou. Similar oboe-like instruments, most believed to derive from Middle Eastern models, are also
German Jubilate Harmonium Reeds distinct tone of German harmonium reeds can be heard on the harmonium playing of the late Farukkh Fateh Ali Khan, brother and lead harmonium accompanist of the late Qawwali legend Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan from Pakistan. It is common practice in Pakistani Sufi Qawwali circles that a serious Qawwali harmonium player must have German reeds in their harmoniums. The typical German Jubilate reed configuration in Pakistani Qawwali harmoniums is one bank of Bass (8') reeds starting on C and a bank of Male (4') reeds (octaves apart) starting on C that sound together on one note being played with an