Cobb angle below the fracture. The Cobb angle is the preferred method of measuring post-traumatic kyphosis in a recent meta-analysis of traumatic spine fracture classifications. Scoliosis cases with Cobb angles between 40 and 50 degrees at skeletal maturity progress at an average of 10 to 15 degrees during a normal lifetime. Cobb angles of more than 50 degrees at skeletal maturity progress at about 1 to 2 degrees per year. Those with Cobb angle of more than 60° usually have respiratory complications. Cobb angle The Cobb angle, named after the American orthopedic surgeon John Robert Cobb (1903–1967), was originally used to measure
Less-than sign is used to denote the beginning of a heredoc statement (where OUTPUT is an arbitrary named variable.) In Bash, «<word is used as a "here string", where word is expanded and supplied to the command on its standard input, similar to a heredoc. The less-than sign plus the equals sign (<=) is used for an approximation of the less-than-or-equal-to sign (≤). ASCII does not have a less-than-or-equal-to sign, but Unicode defines it at code point U+2264. In BASIC, Lisp-family languages, and C-family languages (including Java and C++), operator <= means "less than or equal to". In Sinclair BASIC it is