Buerger's test Buerger's test Buerger's test is used in an assessment of arterial sufficiency. The "vascular angle", which is also called "Buerger's angle", is the angle to which the leg has to be raised before it becomes pale, whilst lying down. In a limb with a normal circulation the toes and sole of the foot, stay pink, even when the limb is raised by 90 degrees. In an ischaemic leg, elevation to 15 degrees or 30 degrees for 30 to 60 seconds may cause pallor. (This part of the test checks for "elevation pallor".) A vascular angle of less than 20 degrees
61 cm Type 90 torpedo 61 cm Type 90 torpedo The 61 cm Type 90 torpedo was a surface-fired torpedo used by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. It was used in the s and in most cruisers, including the , , , and heavy cruisers after refits during the 1930s. It was superseded by the Type 93 oxygen-powered torpedo, commonly called the "Long Lance", as oxygen generating equipment was installed aboard the cruisers. The torpedo was based on a newly developed British Whitehead torpedo. This weapon used a new double-action two-cylinder engine rather than the four-cylinder radial engine used by World War