1537 Transylvania lightcurve has been obtained, and "Transylvania"s period is still uncertain. According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, "Transylvania" measures between 13.77 and 21.49 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.05 and 0.1619. The "Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link" derives an albedo of 0.1047 and a diameter of 13.60 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.4. This minor planet was named after the historical region of Transylvania, located in what is now Romania. Formerly, it was part of
Transylvania 1526, Transylvania was a voivodeship in the Kingdom of Hungary, led by a voivode appointed by the King of Hungary. After the Battle of Mohács in 1526, Transylvania became part of the Kingdom of János Szapolyai. Later, in 1570, the kingdom transformed into the Principality of Transylvania, which was ruled primarily by Calvinist Hungarian princes. During that time, the ethnic composition of Transylvania transformed from an estimated near equal number of the ethnic groups to a Romanian majority. Vasile Lupu estimates their number already more than one-third of the population of Transylvania in a letter to the sultan around 1650.