Buerger's test Buerger's test Buerger's test is used in an assessment of arterial sufficiency. The "vascular angle", which is also called "Buerger's angle", is the angle to which the leg has to be raised before it becomes pale, whilst lying down. In a limb with a normal circulation the toes and sole of the foot, stay pink, even when the limb is raised by 90 degrees. In an ischaemic leg, elevation to 15 degrees or 30 degrees for 30 to 60 seconds may cause pallor. (This part of the test checks for "elevation pallor".) A vascular angle of less than 20 degrees
Less than Angels with an air of detachment. Anne Wyatt-Brown writes that "Catherine represents Pym’s view of the world. She shares her author’s imagination, her amused reaction to anthropologists, and her detachment." Less than Angels Less Than Angels is a novel by Barbara Pym, first published in 1955. The novel is largely concerned with the activities of a group of anthropologists, and is to some extent based on the author's own experiences working at the International African Institute in London. It is set in a period of social change which is subtly represented within the novel's plot and setting Catherine Oliphant is a