Pleistocene The lower boundary of the Pleistocene Series is formally defined magnetostratigraphically as the base of the Matuyama (C2r) chronozone, isotopic stage 103. Above this point there are notable extinctions of the calcareous nanofossils: "Discoaster pentaradiatus" and "Discoaster surculus". The Pleistocene covers the recent period of repeated glaciations. The name Plio-Pleistocene has, in the past, been used to mean the last ice age. The revised definition of the Quaternary, by pushing back the start date of the Pleistocene to 2.58 Ma, results in the inclusion of all the recent repeated glaciations within the Pleistocene. The modern continents were essentially at their
1st Open Russian Festival of Animated Film Aleksandr Tatarskiy and signed by their colleagues. The festival served as a gathering for Russian animators who otherwise had few opportunities to see each other in an era after the break-up of Soyuzmultfilm. In addition to the festival, the location offered fresh air, skiing, and nearby historic sites. 1st Open Russian Festival of Animated Film The 1st Open Russian Festival of Animated Film was held in 1996 at a boarding house called "Birch Grove" near the town of Tarusa, Russia. Because of the extreme scarcity of Russian animation in the post-perestroika era, submissions from the last three years were accepted.