Berthold Schwarz Berthold Schwarz Berthold Schwarz (sometimes spelled Schwartz), also known as Berthold the Black and "der Schwartzer", was a legendary German (or in some accounts Danish or Greek) alchemist of the late 14th century, credited with the invention of gunpowder by 15th- through 19th-century European literature. The purported period of Schwarz' activity (late 14th century) thus falls between the first reports of gunpowder in Europe (late 13th century) and the development of effective applications in artillery (mid 15th century). It is unclear whether Schwarz is a historical person. It has been suggested that he was a historical alchemist who had developed
Leo Schwarz Leo Schwarz Leo Schwarz (9 October 1931 in Braunweiler – 26 November 2018) was from 1982 to 2006 the Roman Catholic auxiliary bishop in the diocese of Trier, and was titular bishop of Abbir Germaniciana. As Auxiliary Bishop, Schwarz also built the Relief Renovabis (Solidarity action of German Catholics with the people in Central and Eastern Europe) with on. For ten years he was also Chairman of the German Commission for the Church's peace organization Justitia et Pax. From 2005 until his death, Schwarz was President of the European Commission for Justice and Peace, continuing in this role after submitting