Target angle a practical matter, the speed differential required to run around a target meant most warships and ocean liners could not be attacked when angle on the bow was greater than 90° . Estimation of target angle is based on the observer's visual identification of target features like differentiating the bow from the stern. Dazzle camouflage patterns pictured in the black and white images illustrate a form of ship camouflage attempting to impair an observer's recognition of ship features. Target angle Target angle is the relative bearing of the observing station from the vehicle being observed. It may be used to
Less-is-better effect Less-is-better effect The less-is-better effect is a type of preference reversal that occurs when the lesser or smaller alternative of a proposition is preferred when evaluated separately, but not evaluated together. The term was first proposed by Christopher Hsee. In a 1998 study, Hsee, a professor at the Graduate School of Business of The University of Chicago, discovered a less-is-better effect in three contexts: "(1) a person giving a $45 scarf (from scarves ranging from $5-$50) as a gift was perceived to be more generous than one giving a $55 coat (from coats ranging from $50-$500); (2) an overfilled ice