Cologne the Central Franconian and Ripuarian dialect areas. The city's famous Cologne Cathedral ("Kölner Dom") is the seat of the Catholic Archbishop of Cologne. There are many institutions of higher education in the city, most notably the University of Cologne ("Universität zu Köln"), one of Europe's oldest and largest universities, the Technical University of Cologne ("Technische Hochschule Köln"), Germany's largest university of applied sciences, and the German Sport University Cologne ("Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln"), Germany's only sport university. Cologne Bonn Airport ("Flughafen Köln/Bonn") is Germany's seventh-largest airport and lies in the southeast of the city. The main airport for the Rhine-Ruhr region
Cologne War 1288. After that, the archbishop and Prince-elector used the smaller cities of Bonn, south of Cologne, and Brühl, south of Cologne, on the Rhine River, as his capital and residence; by 1580, both his residence and the capital were located in Bonn. Although the city of Cologne obtained its status as a free imperial city in 1478, the Archbishop of Cologne retained judicial rights in the city; he acted as a Vogt, or reeve, and reserved the right of blood justice, or "Blutgericht"; only he could impose the so-called blood punishments, which included capital punishments, but also physical punishments that