Irrational number number to ratios of continuous magnitude. In his commentary on Book 10 of the "Elements", the Persian mathematician Al-Mahani (d. 874/884) examined and classified quadratic irrationals and cubic irrationals. He provided definitions for rational and irrational magnitudes, which he treated as irrational numbers. He dealt with them freely but explains them in geometric terms as follows: In contrast to Euclid's concept of magnitudes as lines, Al-Mahani considered integers and fractions as rational magnitudes, and square roots and cube roots as irrational magnitudes. He also introduced an arithmetical approach to the concept of irrationality, as he attributes the following to irrational
The Fifth Horseman Is Fear The Fifth Horseman Is Fear The Fifth Horseman Is Fear () is a 1965 Czechoslovak New Wave film about the Holocaust that was directed by Zbyněk Brynych. Instead of depicting gas chambers and concentration camps, the film examines the subtler but equally debilitating mental effects of oppression. Restricted by government censorship, Brynych's uses national socialism as a metaphor to speak out against Soviet socialism, highlighting the evils of both oppressive regimes. When it was released in America in 1968, the film was highly praised by critics. "Time" magazine said it was a "superlatively photographed film," and Roger Ebert wrote, "A