Berthold Schwarz Berthold Schwarz Berthold Schwarz (sometimes spelled Schwartz), also known as Berthold the Black and "der Schwartzer", was a legendary German (or in some accounts Danish or Greek) alchemist of the late 14th century, credited with the invention of gunpowder by 15th- through 19th-century European literature. The purported period of Schwarz' activity (late 14th century) thus falls between the first reports of gunpowder in Europe (late 13th century) and the development of effective applications in artillery (mid 15th century). It is unclear whether Schwarz is a historical person. It has been suggested that he was a historical alchemist who had developed
Meier Schwarz in the 1930s. He represents the Survivors of German origin in the Union of Survivor Organization and Yad Vashem. More than 70 scientific reports and 12 books Meier Schwarz Meier Schwarz (born 1926 in Nuremberg) is an Israeli plant physiologist. Meier Schwarz is the child of Jewish parents. His father, Ludwig Schwarz, merchant, born in Egenhausen/Ansbach, was a German army officer in the First World War, and was highly decorated. Ludwig Schwarz was board member of the Orthodox Jewish Adas Isroel congregation in Nuremberg. He was murdered by the Nazis in September 1937. According to official records, Schwarz’s mother Meta