Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold The Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold (, ""Black, Red, Gold Banner of the Reich"") was an organization in Germany during the Weimar Republic, formed by members of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, the German Centre Party, and the (liberal) German Democratic Party in 1924. Its goal was to defend parliamentary democracy against internal subversion and extremism from the left and right, to teach the population to respect the new Republic, to honor its flag and the constitution. Its name is derived from the Flag of Germany adopted in 1919, the colors of which were associated with liberal parliamentary democracy and
Theodor Schwarz (theologian) father at the parish. Afterwards, he worked for several years as a tutor in Skåne and Stockholm, and after the death of his father in 1814, took over the elder Schwarz's duties at the parish. In 1834 he received his doctorate in theology. He was the father of theologian Karl Schwarz (1812–1885). Theodor Schwarz (theologian) Theodor Schwarz (1 September 1777, in Wiek, Rügen – 10 February 1850, in Wiek) was a German Protestant clergyman and writer. He published novels under the pseudonym Theodor Melas. He was the son of provost Georg Theodor Schwarz. From 1798 he studied at the University