Target angle Angle on the bow provided the basis for submarine attack decisions through the world wars. When angle on the bow was less than 90° , the submarine would continue a submerged approach toward the target to launch torpedoes when angle on the bow increased to 90° indicating the minimum range torpedo launch opportunity for the submarine with the given target course and speed. Unless the target was already within torpedo range, angle on the bow greater than 90° required the submarine to attempt to surface and run around the target beyond visual range to submerge ahead of the target. As
Type 90 Kyū-maru tank made Type 90 more challenging to operate outside Hokkaido. Some politicians therefore criticized the effectiveness of Type 90 due to difficulty in transportation. In fact, more than 65% of major bridges in Japan were still considered passable for Type 90 while overseas main battle tanks such as Challenger 2 and Leopard 2 could only use 40% of bridges in Japan. Type 90 Kyū-maru The is a main battle tank (MBT) of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF). It was designed and built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries as a replacement for all deployed Type 61 and Type 74 tanks, and