Masonry oven the benefits of a masonry oven without constructing a full oven. The most common method is the stoneware pizza stone, which stores heat while the oven is preheating and transmits it directly to the bottom of the pizza. Common firebricks can be used in a similar manner to cover a shelf. Bread and meat can be cooked in a type of covered ceramic casserole dish known variously as a cloche, a Schlemmertopf (brand name), or the like. Good results can also be had by cooking the bread in a pre-heated Dutch oven with a well-fitting lid. Most expensive is a
Ceramic membrane gas separation. Examples are the separation of oxygen from air, or the separation of hydrogen gas from a mixture. Porous ceramic membranes are chiefly used for gas separation and micro- or nanofiltration. They can be made from both crystalline as well as amorphous solids. An example of an amorphous membrane is the silica membrane. An example of a highly porous membrane is the type made of silicon carbide. The first ceramic membranes were produced in France in the 1980s for the purpose of uranium enrichment in the nuclear industry. After many of the nuclear plants were set up in France