Berthold Schwarz Berthold Schwarz Berthold Schwarz (sometimes spelled Schwartz), also known as Berthold the Black and "der Schwartzer", was a legendary German (or in some accounts Danish or Greek) alchemist of the late 14th century, credited with the invention of gunpowder by 15th- through 19th-century European literature. The purported period of Schwarz' activity (late 14th century) thus falls between the first reports of gunpowder in Europe (late 13th century) and the development of effective applications in artillery (mid 15th century). It is unclear whether Schwarz is a historical person. It has been suggested that he was a historical alchemist who had developed
Hanna Schwarz In the premiere of Alfred Schnittke's "Historia von D. Johann Fausten" on 22 June 1995, she performed Mephistophela. She has made many appearances as a concert artist, and features in a large number of recordings. As an interpreter of lieder she often performed with the German pianist Sebastian Peschko. Hanna Schwarz is a professor at Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg in Germany. Hanna Schwarz Hanna Schwarz (born 15 August 1943), is a German mezzo-soprano and contralto singer in opera and concert. In 1976 she performed the parts of Fricka and Erda in the centenary production of Wagner's "Der Ring