Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold The Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold (, ""Black, Red, Gold Banner of the Reich"") was an organization in Germany during the Weimar Republic, formed by members of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, the German Centre Party, and the (liberal) German Democratic Party in 1924. Its goal was to defend parliamentary democracy against internal subversion and extremism from the left and right, to teach the population to respect the new Republic, to honor its flag and the constitution. Its name is derived from the Flag of Germany adopted in 1919, the colors of which were associated with liberal parliamentary democracy and
Gerald Schwarz inaugural class of fellows of the American Mathematical Society which recognizes mathematicians who have made significant contributions to the field. Gerald Schwarz Gerald Walter Schwarz (born February 15, 1946, Portland, Oregon, United States) is an American mathematician and Professor Emeritus at Brandeis University. Schwarz specializes in invariant theory, algebraic group actions and invariant differential operators. Of German descent, Schwarz's father, Ernst, was one of the 30,000 Jews seized during Kristallnacht. He was imprisoned at the Buchenwald concentration camp until his wife, Elaine, managed to secure a visa to travel abroad. Upon his release from the camp, the couple fled to