Phase angle (astronomy) less than 90° represent backscattering; values greater than 90° represent forward scattering. For some objects, such as the Moon (see lunar phases), Venus and Mercury the phase angle (as seen from the Earth) covers the full 0–180° range. The superior planets cover shorter ranges. For example, for Mars the maximum phase angle is about 45°. The brightness of an object is a function of the phase angle, which is generally smooth, except for the so-called opposition spike near 0°, which does not affect gas giants or bodies with pronounced atmospheres, and when the object becomes fainter as the angle approaches
Type 90 Ship-to-Ship Missile Type 90 Ship-to-Ship Missile The Type 90 Ship-to-Ship Missile (90式艦対艦誘導弾, SSM-1B) is a ship-launched anti-ship missile developed by Japan's Mitsubishi Heavy Industries that entered service in 1992. It is a naval version of the truck-launched Type 88 (SSM-1) missile, which in turn was developed from the air-launched Type 80 (ASM-1) missile. The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force bought 384 of the missiles which it fitted to its "Akizuki", "Takanami", Hayabusa, and "Murasame"-class ships. With a range of , high subsonic speed and warhead, the Type 90 is similar to the US's RGM-84 Harpoon missile, and is replacing Harpoon on Japanese ships.