Optics principles. For example, the Ames room, Hering, Müller-Lyer, Orbison, Ponzo, Sander, and Wundt illusions all rely on the suggestion of the appearance of distance by using converging and diverging lines, in the same way that parallel light rays (or indeed any set of parallel lines) appear to converge at a vanishing point at infinity in two-dimensionally rendered images with artistic perspective. This suggestion is also responsible for the famous moon illusion where the moon, despite having essentially the same angular size, appears much larger near the horizon than it does at zenith. This illusion so confounded Ptolemy that he incorrectly
Parallel (geometry) do not intersect. Equivalently, they are parallel if and only if the distance from a point "P" on line "m" to the nearest point in plane "q" is independent of the location of "P" on line "m". Similar to the fact that parallel lines must be located in the same plane, parallel planes must be situated in the same three-dimensional space and contain no point in common. Two distinct planes "q" and "r" are parallel if and only if the distance from a point "P" in plane "q" to the nearest point in plane "r" is independent of the location