Camouflage the peacock flounder, squid and octopus actively change their skin patterns and colours using special chromatophore cells to resemble their current background, or, as in most chameleons, for signalling. However, Smith's dwarf chameleon does use active colour change for camouflage. Each chromatophore contains pigment of only one colour. In fish and frogs, colour change is mediated by the type of chromatophores known as melanophores that contain dark pigment. A melanophore is star-shaped; it contains many small pigmented organelles which can be dispersed throughout the cell, or aggregated near its centre. When the pigmented organelles are dispersed, the cell makes a
Military camouflage and impressionism also influenced the development of camouflage as they dealt with disrupting outlines, abstraction and colour theory. The French established a "Section de Camouflage" (Camouflage Department) at Amiens in 1915, headed by Lucien-Victor Guirand de Scévola. His "camoufleurs" included the artists Jacques Villon, André Dunoyer de Segonzac, Charles Camoin and André Mare. Camouflage schemes of the First World War and Interwar periods that employed dazzle patterns were often described as "cubist" by commentators, and Picasso claimed with typical hyperbole "Yes, it is we who made it, that is cubism". Most of the artists employed as "camoufleurs" were traditional representative