Mononymous person town of Stendal, birthplace of the German art historian Johann Joachim Winckelmann, whom Stendhal admired. In the 20th century, a fourth French writer, Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette (author of "Gigi", 1945), used her actual surname as her mononym pen name, Colette. Some French actors and singers have used their given name or surname as a stage mononym. In the 17th and 18th centuries, most Italian castrato singers used mononyms as stage names (e.g. Caffarelli, Farinelli). The German writer, mining engineer and philosopher, Georg Friedrich Philipp Freiherr von Hardenberg (1772–1801), became famous as Novalis. The 19th-century Dutch writer Eduard Douwes Dekker (1820–87), better
Gabrielle Réjane Gabrielle Réjane Gabrielle-Charlotte Reju (5 June 1856 – 14 June 1920), known professionally under the stage name Gabrielle Réjane (), was a successful French stage actress and early silent film actress. Born in Paris, the daughter of an actor, she became a pupil of Régnier at the Conservatoire, and took the second prize for comedy in 1874. Her debut was the next year, during which she played a number of light—especially soubrette—parts. Her first great success was in Henri Meilhac's "Ma camarade" (1883), and she soon became known as an emotional actress of rare gifts, notably in "Décor", "Germinie Lacerteux",