Ring of Fire volcanic eruptions of the last 11,700 years occurred at volcanoes in the Ring of Fire. The Ring of Fire is a direct result of plate tectonics: the movement and collisions of lithospheric plates, especially subduction in the northern portion. The southern portion is more complex, with a number of smaller tectonic plates in collision with the Pacific plate from the Mariana Islands, the Philippines, Bougainville, Tonga, and New Zealand. The presence of a belt of volcanic activity surrounding the Pacific Ocean was observed in the 19th century. "They [the Japanese Islands] are in the line of that immense circle of
Ring of Fire (radio program) show from the Pensacola studio, while Kennedy operates out of the Pace University School of Law in White Plains, New York. Seder's studio is near the New York Times building in New York City. "Ring of Fire"s executive producer is Scott Millican, with producer Farron Cousins. The program's theme song is "Ring of Fire," originally by Johnny Cash, performed by Social Distortion. The facility space was allocated in December 2003. "Ring of Fire" aired its first broadcast on May 1, 2004 on the newly founded Air America radio network, and remained there until the network closed almost six years later.