Solar zenith angle minutes of arc, which is less than the apparent angular radius of the sun. The formula also neglects the effect of atmospheric refraction. Sunset and sunrise occur (approximately) when the zenith angle is 90°, where the hour angle "h" satisfies Precise times of sunset and sunrise occur when the upper limb of the Sun appears, as refracted by the atmosphere, to be on the horizon. A weighted daily average zenith angle, used in computing the local albedo of the Earth, is given by where "Q" is the instantaneous insolation. For example, the solar elevation angle is : An exact calculation
Nambu Type 90 Nambu Type 90 The Nambu Type 90 was a flare gun of Japanese origin and manufactured by Nambu. It was used by the Imperial Japanese Navy and came with two or three barrels. The Type 90 designation is from the last two digits of its year of adoption, which was 2590 (or 1930 AD) on the Japanese "Kōki" calendar. It first came with three barrels with just less than 6,000 were manufactured. The First Model (made in the early 1930s during peacetime) was highly polished and finished, while the Second Model (dating from the mid-1930s to the mid-1940s during wartime)