Active camouflage the surface, so when marine animals are seen from below, they appear darker than the background. Some species of cephalopod, such as the eye-flash squid and the firefly squid, produce light in photophores on their undersides to match the background. Bioluminescence is common among marine animals, so counterillumination may be widespread, though light has other functions, including attracting prey and signalling. Color change permits camouflage against different backgrounds. Many cephalopods including octopuses, cuttlefish, and squids, and some terrestrial amphibians and reptiles including chameleons and anoles can rapidly change color and pattern, though the major reasons for this include signalling, not
Underwater camouflage breaking up their outlines with strong contrasts. Fish like "Heniochus macrolepidotus" have similar bands of colour that extend into fins projecting far from the body, distracting attention from the true shape of the fish. Some fish which mimic seaweeds such as the frogfishes "Antennarius marmoratus" and "Pterophryne tumida" have elaborate projections and spines which are combined with complex disruptive coloration. These have the effect of destroying the signature "fish" outline of these animals, as well as helping them to appear as pieces of algae. A variety of marine animals possess active camouflage through their ability to change colour rapidly. Several