Jaw abnormality sagittally divides the face into five equal parts: It is insufficient to derive at a diagnosis of jaw deformity solely based on the clinical examination. Hence, additional information is gathered from diagnostic tests, which may include dental model analyses and radiographic imaging studies. Mandibular micrognathia is the condition when lower jaw is smaller than normal. Failure of the ramus to develop will give rise to micrognathia.<ref name="Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone"></ref> Micrognathia can be classified as either congenital or acquired. Clinical appearance of some patients with congenital type of mandibular micrognathia can have a severe retrusion of the chin but by actual measurements,
Jaw wiring and relatively clear speech, but inhibits the ingestion of solid foods, forcing patients to adhere to a liquid diet. The type of jaw wiring used in patients with mandibular fractures, or those who need orthognathic surgery to correct deformed jaws, is known as inter-maxillary fixation (IMF) or maxillo-mandibular fixation (MMF). It is performed by an oral surgeon, who attaches an "arch bar" to the upper jaw and another to the lower jaw with thin wires that are threaded between and around the teeth. The arch bars completely enwrap the dental arch. The upper and lower arch bars are connected to