Light-emitting diode light-emitting diode (U.S. Patent US3293513), the first practical LED. Immediately after filing the patent, Texas Instruments (TI) began a project to manufacture infrared diodes. In October 1962, TI announced the first commercial LED product (the SNX-100), which employed a pure GaAs crystal to emit a 890 nm light output. In October 1963, TI announced the first commercial hemispherical LED, the SNX-110. The first visible-spectrum (red) LED was developed in 1962 by Nick Holonyak, Jr. while working at General Electric. Holonyak first reported his LED in the journal "Applied Physics Letters" on December 1, 1962. M. George Craford, a former graduate
Light-emitting diode In this case, the bond wire(s) are attached to the ITO film that has been deposited in the LEDs. The YAG phosphor in the LED's encapsulation compound is why white LEDs look yellow when off. Some LED light bulbs use a single plastic cover with YAG phosphor (remote phosphor) for several blue LEDs instead of using a diffuser and single chip white LEDs. Remote phosphor LED light bulbs may have behind the plastic cover a white plastic reflector. Others shape the remote phosphor as a dome, or sphere, and place it atop a single PCB containing blue LEDs; this assembly