English alphabet 24 letters of the Latin alphabet first (including ampersand), then 5 additional English letters, starting with the Tironian note "ond" (⁊), an insular symbol for "and": In the orthography of Modern English, thorn (þ), eth (ð), wynn (ƿ), yogh (), ash (æ), and ethel (œ) are obsolete. Latin borrowings reintroduced homographs of ash and ethel into Middle English and Early Modern English, though they are largely obsolete (see "Ligatures in recent usage" below), and where they are used they are not considered to be separate letters (e.g. for collation purposes), but rather ligatures. Thorn and eth were both replaced by
Osage alphabet or the links below. The 2006 vowels are as follows: It is not clear which vowel the "ə" is, as it is not phonemic in Osage, but it may appear nasalised (not shown). The "a" comes from Latin (without the crossbar, as in the NΛSΛ logo), "e" from Latin (cursive; the English letter "a" is pronounced rather like Osage "e"). The source for "i" is obscure, though Latin does appear in the diphthong "ai". The 2006 consonants are as follows: The alphabet does not distinguish the ejective, fortis and lenis series of obstruents. The aspirate series are written as sequences