Flag of Galicia and Lodomeria consisting of two horizontal stripes: red and white. The colours of the new Galician flag, which remained in use until the dissolution of this kingdom in 1918, had resembled the white and red Polish flag adopted in 1831 by the Polish Parliament. Miller claims that the flag of Galicia consisted of the two stripes: amaranth and white, but the official Austro-Hungarian publication "Wappenrolle" (1898) clearly features the flag of Galicia in red and white. In "Wappenrolle" there is a picture of an amaranth and white flag, used unofficially, and described as "the national colours of the Poles" ("Nationalfarben der Polen)",
Flag of Italy by the Milan Civic Guard, of the Lombard Legion and the National Guard. The first official "tricolore italiano", or Italian tricolour, was adopted on 7 January 1797, when the XIVth Parliament of the Cispadane Republic, on the proposal of deputy Giuseppe Compagnoni of Lugo, decreed "to make universal the ... standard or flag of three colours, green, white, and red ..." This was probably because the "Legione Lombarda" had carried banners of red, white (from the flag of Milan), and green (from the uniform of the civic guard), and the same colours were later adopted in the banners of the