Regnal years of English monarchs Britain), from 1066 to the present day. These are official "de jure" dates, and may or may not coincide with whether a particular king had "de facto" power or not at that time. For example, as the Commonwealth era was suppressed in the official record, the regnal years of Charles II are measured from 30 January 1649 (the day his father Charles I was executed); as a result, when Charles II actually became king, on 29 May 1660, he was already in his 12th regnal year. (For the "de facto" tabulation of English rulers, see any conventional list of English
Puppet monarch Puppet monarch A puppet monarch is a majority figurehead who is installed or patronized by an imperial power in order to provide the appearance of local authority, while allowing political and economic control to remain among the dominating nation. Figurehead monarch, as source of legitimacy and possibly divine reign, has been the used form of government in several situations and places of history. There are two basic forms of using puppets as monarchs (rulers, kings, emperors): Examples of the first type are the Emperors who were the puppets of the "shōguns" of Japan and the kings who were the puppets