Geophone (musical instrument) Geophone (musical instrument) The geophone is a percussion instrument, invented by the French composer Olivier Messiaen for use in his large composition for piano and orchestra entitled "Des canyons aux étoiles…" ("From the canyons to the stars…"). It consists of a drum filled with thousands of small lead pellets, and is played by swirling it around slowly so that the noise of the pellets resembles the sound of dry shifting earth. Messiaen commissioned a Parisian instrument maker to construct one to his design, and he carried this instrument worldwide to early performances of the piece (which was given its first
Leopold Flam Wijsbegeerte" (1959) (E: Flemish League for Philosophy), later of Aurora. He became director of the magazine "Geschiedenis in het onderwijs" (E: History in education). Flam died at his home in Vilvoorde, near Brussels, on 29 September 1995. Leopold Flam Leopold Flam (16 March 1912 – 29 September 1995) was a Belgian philosopher. Together with Alphonse De Waelhens, Chaïm Perelman and Rudolf Boehm, he was one of leading philosophers of Belgium from the 1960s until the 1980s. Born in Antwerp, Flam studied social sciences, political history, philosophy and chemistry at the University of Ghent and obtained a PhD in history. During