Lithology 7. The naming of a lithology is based on the rock type. The three major rock types are sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks are further classified by whether they are siliciclastic or carbonate. Siliciclastic sedimentary rocks are then subcategorized based on their grain size distribution and the relative proportions of quartz, feldspar, and lithic (rock) fragments. Carbonate rocks are classified with the Dunham or Folk classification schemes according to the constituents of the carbonate rock. The name of an igneous rock requires information on crystal size and mineralogy. This classification can often be performed with a QAPF diagram. Metamorphic rock
Amount of substance especially the early metallurgists, probably had some notion of amount of substance, but there are no surviving records of any generalization of the idea beyond a set of recipes. In 1758, Mikhail Lomonosov questioned the idea that mass was the only measure of the quantity of matter, but he did so only in relation to his theories on gravitation. The development of the concept of amount of substance was coincidental with, and vital to, the birth of modern chemistry. Amount of substance Amount of substance is a standard-defined quantity that measures the size of an ensemble of particles, such as