Manchester Arndale a shopping centre, it never recovered. Stocks argues that these factors lay behind the Greater Manchester County Council's (GMC) strategic view that the county had too much retail capacity. From 1977 onwards the GMC consistently opposed further development, and would not support any before 1986. Trade increased in the early 1980s, though GMC policy against development and for retaining the relative importance of the retail centres remained. By the mid-1980s, the trend in retailing had moved from city-centres to out-of-town. The opening of Meadowhall Centre in 1990 added to the retail impact in the Sheffield city centre. The GMC was
English Park the Tour de France. In 1929, English Park was used for motorcycle speedway meetings until a competing organiser in Woolston bought out the interests in that sport. English Park is the headquarters for Mainland Football, the largest of the seven football federations within New Zealand. From 2010 to 2011 the playing surface was changed from natural grass to FIFA approved artificial turf, new lighting was also installed to enable night matches, and trainings. In 2013 a café stall was installed. The park also features four team changing rooms, one officials changing room, one lounge with a bar, one kitchen, and