NATO Communications and Information Systems Services Agency Command, Control, Communications, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) capabilities. The Director of NCSA was accountable to NATO's Consultation, Command and Control Board for executing the general policy decisions, directives and strategy associated with providing CIS services throughout NATO. The Director was also accountable to the Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) for all operational, or deployed, CIS assets. In 2007, Canadian Forces internet sources said that NCSA comprised a central headquarters staff co-located with Allied Command Operations at the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe in Mons, Belgium; two deployable NATO Signal Battalions, each with four deployable communication modules, comparable in size
Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe ACO as it became had more and more activities related to the NATO Response Force. Yet after Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania joined the alliance, and especially after the 2008 Georgia-Russia war, more attention began to be paid to NATO's core Article 5 defence obligations. The three Baltic states' worries were specifically focused on a potential Russian threat. Thus while some exercises were ostentially run to prepare the NRF, sometimes they also included Article 5 aspects. Among these dual-purpose exercises was 'Steadfast Jazz', part of the NATO Exercise Steadfast series, which was run in November 2013 across a number of NATO