Maquis (World War II) of sympathy or cooperation from the local populace. In March 1944, the German army began a terror campaign throughout France. This included reprisals against civilians living in areas where the French resistance was active, such as the Oradour-sur-Glane, Maillé and Tulle massacres by SS troops. The Maquisards were later to take their revenge in the "épuration sauvage" that took place after the war's end. Most of the Maquis cells—like the Maquis du Limousin or the Maquis du Vercors—took names after the area they were operating in. The size of these cells varied from tens to thousands of men and women.
Morocco in World War II was controlled by Spain through a "puppet" government headed by a viceroy and it participated largely in the Spanish Civil War, rather than World War II. Slavery was a large part of life in Morocco, prior to and during the French protectorate and World War II, with many Moroccan households owning slaves. Shantytowns arose near Moroccan cities in the 1930s and these continued to grow during the war. European refugees fleeing to Morocco experienced poverty on their arrival in Morocco, with many refugees in Casablanca sleeping in converted dance halls, in terrible conditions. In terms of education, separate educational institutions