Column cylindrical disks of alternating diameter. The shaft is almost never fluted. The proportions vary, but are generally similar to Doric columns. Height to width ratio is about 7:1. The Ionic column is considerably more complex than the Doric or Tuscan. It usually has a base and the shaft is often fluted (it has grooves carved up its length). The capital features a volute, an ornament shaped like a scroll, at the four corners. The height-to-thickness ratio is around 9:1. Due to the more refined proportions and scroll capitals, the Ionic column is sometimes associated with academic buildings. Ionic style columns
Doric Greek (shortened to "-s-" in Attic). Initial "w" (ϝ) is preserved in earlier Doric (lost in Attic). Literary texts in Doric and inscriptions from the Hellenistic age have no digamma. For information on the peculiarities of Doric accentuation, see Ancient Greek accent#Dialect variation Numeral "tetores" ~ Attic "tettares", Ionic "tesseres" "four". Ordinal "prātos" ~ Attic–Ionic "prōtos" "first". Demonstrative pronoun "tēnos" "this" ~ Attic–Ionic "(e)keinos" "t" for "h" (from Proto-Indo-European "s") in article and demonstrative pronoun. Third person plural, athematic or root aorist "-n" ~ Attic "-san". First person plural active "-mes" ~ Attic–Ionic "-men". Future "-se-ō" ~ Attic "-s-ō". Modal particle