Palmer Method Palmer Method The Palmer Method of penmanship instruction was developed and promoted by Austin Palmer in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was largely created as a simplified style of the "Spencerian Method", which had been the major standardized system of handwriting since the 1840s. The Palmer Method soon became the most popular handwriting system in the United States. Under the method, students were taught to adopt a uniform system of cursive writing with rhythmic motions. The method developed around 1888 and was introduced in the book "Palmer's Guide to Business Writing" (1894). Palmer's method involved "muscle motion"
Palmer-Bowlus Flume flow measurement, the Palmer-Bowlus flume can be calibrated by theoretical analysis. The general design of the flume detailed in ASTM D5390: Standard Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water with Palmer-Bowlus Flumes. It is important to note that unlike the Parshall flume, the standard for the flume does not set out specific sizes and flow rates, but only general characteristics for the class of flume. 18 sizes of Palmer-Bowlus flumes have been developed - in line with the common pipe sizes to which they would be adapted - from 4-inches to 72-inches. In practice, though, it is uncommon to