Jaw abnormality sagittally divides the face into five equal parts: It is insufficient to derive at a diagnosis of jaw deformity solely based on the clinical examination. Hence, additional information is gathered from diagnostic tests, which may include dental model analyses and radiographic imaging studies. Mandibular micrognathia is the condition when lower jaw is smaller than normal. Failure of the ramus to develop will give rise to micrognathia.<ref name="Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone"></ref> Micrognathia can be classified as either congenital or acquired. Clinical appearance of some patients with congenital type of mandibular micrognathia can have a severe retrusion of the chin but by actual measurements,
Jaw reduction Jaw reduction Jaw reduction or Mandible angle reduction is a type of surgery to narrow the lower one-third of the face—particularly the contribution from the mandible and its muscular attachments. There are several techniques for treatment—including surgical and non-surgical methods. A square lower jaw is generally considered a very masculine trait, especially in Asian countries. If the lower third of the face is wide, it can create a rather square-shaped appearance to the face as a whole or can distort the natural appearance of the angle between the chin and the neck. Whereas square lower jaws are often considered a