World Health Organization contain the last European outbreak in Yugoslavia in 1972. After over two decades of fighting smallpox, the WHO declared in 1979 that the disease had been eradicated – the first disease in history to be eliminated by human effort. Also in 1967, the WHO launched the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases and the World Health Assembly voted to enact a resolution on Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation, with a focus on community-driven care. In 1974, the Expanded Programme on Immunization and the control programme of onchocerciasis was started, an important partnership between the Food and Agriculture Organization
Extinction considered in regards to non-human species extinction. The poliovirus is now confined to small parts of the world due to extermination efforts. "Dracunculus medinensis", a parasitic worm which causes the disease dracunculiasis, is now close to eradication thanks to efforts led by the Carter Center. "Treponema pallidum pertenue", a bacterium which causes the disease yaws, is in the process of being eradicated. Biologist Olivia Judson has advocated the deliberate extinction of certain disease-carrying mosquito species. In a September 25, 2003 article in "The New York Times", she advocated "specicide" of thirty mosquito species by introducing a genetic element which can