Etymology of Wicca published in Canada. It discussed a Gardnerian-based tradition. In ensuing years, many other authors would publish books containing "Wicca" in their titles which advocated solitary practice of Pagan Witchcraft; best known were Scott Cunningham's "Wicca: A Guide for the Solitary Practitioner" (1988) and Silver RavenWolf's "Teen Witch: Wicca for a New Generation" (1998), but other examples included Gerina Dunwich's "The Wicca Garden" (1996), D. J. Conway's "Wicca: The Complete Craft" (2001), Raymond Buckland's "Wicca for Life" (2004) and "Wicca for One" (2004), Arin Murphy-Hiscock's "Solitary Wicca for Life" (2005) and Ann-Marie Gallagher's "The Wicca Bible" (2005). It was also adopted
Magical tools in Wicca work magic. The general idea is that the tool directs psychic energies to perform a certain action. In modern day Wicca, there is an encouragement of solitary practice of rituals and study. Covens are still a part of Wicca and related doctrines but there is now insistence that solitary practice is permissible. This has filtered down to lightweight (in the sense of being heavily illustrated, not exactly scholarly and not entirely serious) books being available in the bookstores of any modern town which are marketed as manuals of how to become a Wiccan (or Pagan). The allowance of solitary practice