Islam in the Ottoman Empire schools). Both the Maturidi and Ash'ari schools of Islamic theology used Ilm al-Kalam (reason) to understand the Quran and the hadith (sayings and actions of Mohammed and the Rashidun) so as to apply Islamic principles to fatwas (Islamic rulings). This is in contrast to the Athari (or literal) school of Islamic theology which takes the Quran and the hadith literally. Kemal Ataturk stated: "Our religion is a rational, plausible religion, which is why it is the last valid religion. Such as regular Islam, followed the 5 pillars of faith: Ottomans often wore little charms, such as necklaces, to protect themselves
Tomb of the Prophets Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi the site, which aroused strong protests by the Jews who visited and worshipped at the cave. The Ottoman courts ruled in 1890 that the transaction was binding but the Russians agreed not to display Christian symbols or icons at the site which was to remain accessible for people of all faiths. Tomb of the Prophets Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi The Tomb of the Prophets Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi (Arabic: قبر النبيا Qubur El Anbiyya, lit. "Grave (of) The Prophets") is an ancient burial site located on the upper western slope of the Mount of Olives, Jerusalem. According to a medieval