Rose oil Rose oil Rose oil (rose otto, attar of rose, attar of roses or rose essence) is the essential oil extracted from the petals of various types of rose. "Rose ottos" are extracted through steam distillation, while "rose absolutes" are obtained through solvent extraction, the absolute being used more commonly in perfumery. Even with their high price and the advent of organic synthesis, rose oils are still perhaps the most widely used essential oil in perfumery. Two major species of rose are cultivated for the production of rose oil: The most common chemical compounds present in rose oil are: The key
Petals of Blood called 'Ballad of a Barmaid', it is unclear why Ngugi changed the title before release. The phrase "petals of blood" appears several times throughout the novel, with varying associations and meanings. Initially, "petals of blood" is first used by a pupil in Munira's class to describe a flower. Munira quickly chastises the boy, saying that 'there is no colour called blood'. Later, the phrase is used to describe flames, as well relating to virginity during one of Munira's sexual fantasies. One primary underlining theme in "Petals of Blood" is the failure of the ruling Kenyan elite to adequately meet the