Rose water Phoenicians considered large public rose gardens to be as important as croplands such as orchards and wheat fields. Rose perfumes are made from rose oil, also called "attar of roses", which is a mixture of volatile essential oils obtained by steam-distilling the crushed petals of roses. Rose water is a by-product of this process. The cultivation of various fragrant flowers for obtaining perfumes, including rose water, may date back to Sassanid Persia, where it was known as "golāb" (Middle Persian: گلاب), from "gul" (rose) and "ab" (water). The term was adopted into Byzantine Greek as "zoulápin". The process of creating
Attar of Nishapur of further products of his pen: He also states, in the introduction of the "Mukhtār-Nāma", that he destroyed the "Jawāhir-Nāma' and the "Šarḥ al-Qalb" with his own hand. Although the contemporary sources confirm only `Attar's authorship of the "Dīwān" and the "Manṭiq-uṭ-Ṭayr", there are no grounds for doubting the authenticity of the "Mukhtār-Nāma" and "Khusraw-Nāma" and their prefaces. One work is missing from these lists, namely the "Tadhkirat-ul-Awliyā", which was probably omitted because it is a prose work; its attribution to `Attar is scarcely open to question. In its introduction `Attar mentions three other works of his, including one entitled