1946 Italian presidential election 1946 Italian presidential election Next Election: 1948 Election of the Provisional Head of the Italian State (June 28, 1946) After the departure of King Umberto II of Italy (June 13, 1946), the functions of head of state had provisionally exercised by the Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi, to which were entrusted to the beginning of July when, following his election as Provisional Head of State, Enrico De Nicola was sworn in before the Constituent Assembly. They should not be considered the presidential elections, as this institution does not yet exist. However, the same De Nicola assumes this title according to
Ransom of King John II of France Ransom of King John II of France The ransom of King John II of France was an incident during the Hundred Years War between France and England. Following the English capture of the French king during the Battle of Poitiers in 1356, John was held for ransom by the English crown. The incident had serious consequences for later events in the Hundred Years War. By the time of his capture in 1356, King John II's reign had been marked by tensions both within his kingdom and without. John's Valois claim on French territories was disputed by both Charles II of