Whiteout (weather) Whiteout (weather) Whiteout is a weather condition in which visibility and contrast are severely reduced by snow or sand. The horizon disappears from view while the sky and landscape appear featureless, leaving no points of visual reference by which to navigate. Whiteout has been defined as: "A condition of diffuse light when no shadows are cast, due to a continuous white cloud layer appearing to merge with the white snow surface. No surface irregularities of the snow are visible, but a dark object may be clearly seen. There is no visible horizon." A whiteout may be due simply to extremely
Irrational rotation Irrational rotation In the mathematical theory of dynamical systems, an irrational rotation is a map where "θ" is an irrational number. Under the identification of a circle with R/Z, or with the interval [0, 1] with the boundary points glued together, this map becomes a rotation of a circle by a proportion "θ" of a full revolution (i.e., an angle of 2"πθ" radians). Since "θ" is irrational, the rotation has infinite order in the circle group and the map "T" has no periodic orbits. Alternatively, we can use multiplicative notation for an irrational rotation by introducing the map The relationship