Rose water Phoenicians considered large public rose gardens to be as important as croplands such as orchards and wheat fields. Rose perfumes are made from rose oil, also called "attar of roses", which is a mixture of volatile essential oils obtained by steam-distilling the crushed petals of roses. Rose water is a by-product of this process. The cultivation of various fragrant flowers for obtaining perfumes, including rose water, may date back to Sassanid Persia, where it was known as "golāb" (Middle Persian: گلاب), from "gul" (rose) and "ab" (water). The term was adopted into Byzantine Greek as "zoulápin". The process of creating
Magnolia × alba taxonomic synonym "Michelia alba" to fanciful ones such as 'white fragrant himalayan champaca'. Names in other languages include "kantil" in Javanese. "Magnolia" × "alba" matures to 30 meters with evergreen leaves; the flowers have a count of 12 tepals. "Magnolia" × "alba" is widely cultivated as an ornamental in Asia, particularly tropical and subtropical regions of China and Southeast Asia for the strongly fragrant flowers. In Indonesia, the pleasantly fragrant flower is used and arranged together with "Jasminum sambac" as flower garland, especially wore by brides during traditional wedding ceremony. An essential oil is extracted from the flowers. In China,