Demographics of Chile helps explain this relative lack of differentiation, which was maintained by the national reach of radio, and now television, which also helps to diffuse and homogenize colloquial expressions. There are several indigenous languages spoken in Chile: Mapudungun, Quechua, Aymara and Rapa Nui. After the Spanish invasion, Spanish took over as the lingua franca and the indigenous languages have become minority languages, with some now extinct or close to extinction. German is spoken to a great extent in southern Chile, either in small countryside pockets or as a second language among the communities of larger cities. Through initiatives such as the
The Battle of Chile "Chile, Obstinate Memory", Guzmán explores the idea of identity and memory as it relates to the Chilean public. As opposed to "The Battle of Chile", "Chile, Obstinate Memory" focuses more on the personal reflections of the filmmaker on returning to his home country. Whereas the original documentary is in the form of cinema verité, "Chile, Obstinate Memory" is a personal essay film Guzmán interviews people involved in the making of "The Battle of Chile", speaks with Allende’s former guards, reflects on his own time being held by the military government, and overall focuses on the individual experiences under such a