Monarchy of Italy by the Italian Republic, after a constitutional referendum was held on 2 June 1946 after the World War II. The Italian monarchy formally ended on 12 June of that year, and Umberto II left the country. Up until the dissolution of the monarchy in 1946, full title of the Kings of Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946) was: [Name], "by the Grace of God and the will of the Nation, King of Italy, King of Sardinia, Cyprus, Jerusalem, Armenia, Duke of Savoy, count of Maurienne, Marquis (of the Holy Roman Empire) in Italy; Prince of Piedmont, Carignano, Oneglia, Poirino, Trino; Prince and
King of Egypt other monarch to be styled "King of Egypt" was Fouad I's son Farouk I, whose title was changed to "King of Egypt and the Sudan" in October 1951 following the Wafdist government's unilateral abrogation of the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936. The monarchy was abolished on 18 June 1953 following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 and the establishment of a republic. The then-king, the infant Fuad II of Egypt (Farouk having abdicated following the revolution), went into exile in Switzerland. The rulers of Ancient Egypt may be described using the title "King" (a translation of the Egyptian word "nsw") or "Pharaoh"