Canard (aeronautics) 1911, few canard types would be produced for many decades. In 1914 W.E. Evans commented that "the Canard type model has practically received its death-blow so far as scientific models are concerned." Experiments continued sporadically for several decades. In 1917 de Bruyère constructed his C 1 biplane fighter, having a canard foreplane and rear-mounted pusher propellor. The C 1 was a failure. First flown in 1927, the experimental Focke-Wulf F 19 "Ente" (duck) was more successful. Two examples were built and one of them continued flying until 1931. Immediately before and during World War II several experimental canard fighters were
Le Canard enchaîné the criticism: Boulin, he said, "was unable to resist the campaign of harassment he was subjected to. Public opinion should severely condemn any other similar campaigns." The "Canard" is published by "Les Éditions Maréchal-Le Canard enchaîné" (Maurice and Jeanne Maréchal founded the "Canard"), which is privately owned; the main associates are Michel Gaillard (CEO and director of publication), André Escaro, Nicolas Brimo, Erik Emptaz and employees of the newspaper. Because it does not accept advertisements (being free of sponsors), being entirely privately owned (being the same,) and because its publishing costs are met by its sales, "Le Canard Enchaîné" is