Umberto II of Italy in preparation on the abolition of the monarchy in 1946, Victor Emmanuel abdicated his throne in favour of Umberto in the hope his exit might bolster the monarchy. However, the referendum passed, Italy was declared a republic, and Umberto lived out the rest of his life in exile in Cascais, on the Portuguese Riviera. Umberto was born at the Castle of Racconigi in Piedmont. He was the third child, and the only son, of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and his wife, Elena of Montenegro. As such, he became heir apparent upon his birth, since the Italian throne was
King of the Forest Rangers King of the Forest Rangers King of the Forest Rangers (1946) is a Republic film serial. "King of the Forest Rangers" was budgeted at $134,948 although the final negative cost was $137,320 (a $2,372, or 1.8%, overspend). It was the cheapest Republic serial of 1946. It was filmed between 27 September and 25 October 1945. The serial's production number was 1595. Republic liked calling their heroes "King" in order to use the title "King of..." The studio had found success with this naming scheme following the adaptation of Zane Grey's "King of the Royal Mounted". Special effects created by the