Petty John's Cave popular destinations of the cave. Formations in Petty John's Cave include: Stalagmites that are a type of speleothem that rises from the floor of a limestone cave due to the dripping of mineralized solutions and the deposition of calcium carbonate. Stalactites are also found in the cave. These formations hang from the ceiling or wall of the cave. There are also pillars, soda straws, cave pearls, flowstones, and cave popcorn are other formations in the cave. In addition, waterfalls can be found in the stream passage section. This cave hosts tri-colored bats during their winter hibernation because temperatures are low
Calcium carbonate caves. Two hydrated phases of calcium carbonate, monohydrocalcite, CaCO·HO and ikaite, CaCO·6HO, may precipitate from water at ambient conditions and persist as metastable phases. In contrast to the open equilibrium scenario above, many swimming pools are managed by addition of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) to about 2 mM as a buffer, then control of pH through use of HCl, NaHSO, NaCO, NaOH or chlorine formulations that are acidic or basic. In this situation, dissolved inorganic carbon (total inorganic carbon) is far from equilibrium with atmospheric CO. Progress towards equilibrium through outgassing of CO is slowed by (i) the slow reaction HCO