Islam in the Ottoman Empire schools). Both the Maturidi and Ash'ari schools of Islamic theology used Ilm al-Kalam (reason) to understand the Quran and the hadith (sayings and actions of Mohammed and the Rashidun) so as to apply Islamic principles to fatwas (Islamic rulings). This is in contrast to the Athari (or literal) school of Islamic theology which takes the Quran and the hadith literally. Kemal Ataturk stated: "Our religion is a rational, plausible religion, which is why it is the last valid religion. Such as regular Islam, followed the 5 pillars of faith: Ottomans often wore little charms, such as necklaces, to protect themselves
Religion in the Comoros Religion in the Comoros The predominant religion in the Comoros is Islam, and it is the state religion of the country according to its constitution ratified in 2001 and revised in 2009. Islam is followed by over 98 percent of nearly 800,000 Comorians, almost all of whom belong to the Shafi'i fiqh of Sunni Muslims. Following a 1999 military coup, the May 2000 constitution did not allow for freedom of religion. The new constitution of Comoros that was ratified in December 2001 did provide for "the equality of all concerning rights and duties without distinctions based on sex, origin, race,