Essential oil which is then collected in the receiving vessel. Most oils are distilled in a single process. One exception is "ylang-ylang" ("Cananga odorata") which is purifed through a fractional distillation. The recondensed water is referred to as a hydrosol, hydrolat, herbal distillate, or plant water essence, which may be sold as another fragrant product. Hydrosols include rose water, lavender water, lemon balm, clary sage, and orange blossom water. The use of herbal distillates in cosmetics is increasing. Most citrus peel oils are expressed mechanically or cold-pressed (similar to olive oil extraction). Due to the relatively large quantities of oil in citrus
Attar of Nishapur Attar of Nishapur Abū Ḥamīd bin Abū Bakr Ibrāhīm (c. 1145 – c. 1221; ), better known by his pen-names Farīd ud-Dīn () and ʿAṭṭār (, Attar means apothecary), was a twelfth-century Persian poet, theoretician of Sufism, and hagiographer from Nishapur who had an immense and lasting influence on Persian poetry and Sufism. Manṭiq-uṭ-Ṭayr ["The Conference of the Birds"] and "Ilāhī-Nāma" are among his most famous works. Information about Attar's life is rare and scarce. He is mentioned by only two of his contemporaries, `Awfi and Tusi. However, all sources confirm that he was from Nishapur, a major city of