History of the Italian Republic through a referendum. In April 1945, the Allies of World War II advanced in the Po plain supported by the Italian resistance movement, and defeated the fascist Italian Social Republic, a puppet state instituted by Nazi Germany and headed by Benito Mussolini. Mussolini was killed by resistance fighters in April 1945. Victor Emmanuel formally abdicated on 9 May 1946; his son became king as Umberto II of Italy. A Constitutional Referendum was held on 2 June 1946. Republicans won, and the monarchy was abolished. The Kingdom of Italy was no more. The House of Savoy, the Italian royal family, was
Anna and the King of Siam (film) 1999 as "Anna and the King" with Jodie Foster and Chow Yun-fat. The portrayal of Tuptim in "Anna and the King of Siam", is considerably less sympathetic than in the musical version "The King and I", as the 1946 film shows animosity between Tuptim and Anna, while the musical makes her into a romantic character. Also, Tuptim is ultimately executed cruelly by the king, following an episode in Leonowens's book, while in the musical, her fate is made ambiguous. In 1862. Anna Owens (Irene Dunne) arrives in Bangkok, with her son Louis (Richard Lyon), to tutor the children of the