Ocean acoustic tomography water formation and the gyre circulation. Other applications include the measurement of ocean tides, and the estimation of ocean mesoscale dynamics by combining tomography, satellite altimetry, and in situ data with ocean dynamical models. In addition to the decade-long measurements obtained in the North Pacific, acoustic thermometry has been employed to measure temperature changes of the upper layers of the Arctic Ocean basins, which continues to be an area of active interest. using data from acoustic pulses sent from one end of the earth to the other. Acoustic thermometry is an idea to observe the world's ocean basins, and the
Ministry of Earth Sciences located at IITM, Pune is one of the largest computation facility in India. Ministry of Earth Sciences The Ministry of Earth Sciences was formed in the year 2006 from a merger of the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, and Earth Risk Evaluation Centre (EREC), and the Ministry of Ocean Development. Currently, the ministry is headed by Dr. Harsh Vardhan. The Ministry’s mandate is to look after Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean Science & Technology and Seismology in an integrated manner. All institutions under ESSO are connected