Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire religions that we now label "paganism" was seen as the result of the religious intolerance inherent in the monotheistic Christian faith. The classic expression of this view occurs in the work of Edward Gibbon, "Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire." As historian Herbert Drake puts it, "It is difficult to overestimate the influence of Gibbon's interpretation on subsequent scholarship." Herbert Drake takes issue with the historiography of Gibbon, arguing that while persecution certainly occurred for religious reasons, that the underlying motivation was consolidation of power in the Constantinian dynasty, which was offered in the form of promoting the cult
Decline and Fall of the Freudian Empire in "The Politics of Psychoanalysis" (1987). He noted that Freud would not have agreed with Eysenck that psychoanalysis is a matter of "literary art" rather than science. Malcolm Macmillan described Eysenck as one of several authors to have argued that Anna O. suffered from an organic malady in "Freud Evaluated" (1991). He observed these authors provide conflicting accounts of what malady Anna O. suffered from, and argued that establishing any retrospective diagnosis with certainty is difficult. Richard Webster suggested in "Why Freud Was Wrong" (1995) that "Decline and Fall of the Freudian Empire" contains many cogent criticisms of Freud. However,