Environmental issues in Chile the highest water rates in Latin America. Nearly 90% of the water rights for hydroelectric production are owned by three companies. There are more water rights that have been issued than there are reserves in some parts of the country which has led to the drying up of groundwater resources. This shortage has particularly affected the rural and indigenous population of Chile. The mining industry has had a considerable impact on the environment of Chile. One region in particular that been significantly impacted is that of the Atacama Desert, which is considered one of the driest regions in the world.
Christ in the Desert Christ's temptation had attracted Kramskoi already in the early 1860s. In that period he made the first sketch of the composition. The first version of "Christ in the Desert" is dated to 1867, but turned out to be unsuccessful. Kramskoi realized that the choice of vertical format was inappropriate. He opted for the horizontal format and introduced the pallid rocky desert in the background. Kramskoi described the early history of the painting in his letters to writer Vsevolod Garshin. "Christ in the Desert" is one of Kramskoi's Jesus-themed paintings, the other being "Rejoice, King of the Jews" and "Herodias". Kramskoy