The empire on which the sun never sets in all the Asian Subcontinents, and islands in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. However, it was under his son Philip III of Spain that the Spanish Empire acquired its largest extension. Philip III and his son Philip IV of Spain were also kings of Portugal among other territories besides Spain, which made both of them the rulers of the greatest extension on earth of all time, simply by joining the global territories of Spain and Portugal empires account for more extension than any other king has ever ruled. In 1585, Giovanni Battista Guarini wrote "Il pastor fido" to mark
Ocean surface topography Ocean surface topography Ocean surface topography or sea surface topography, also called dynamic topography, are highs and lows on the ocean surface, similar to the hills and valleys of Earth's land surface depicted on a topographic map. These variations are expressed in terms of sea surface height (SSH) relative to the Earth's geoid. The main purpose of measuring ocean surface topography is to understand the large-scale circulation of the ocean. Unaveraged or instantaneous sea surface height (SSH) is most obviously affected by the tidal forces of the Moon and the Sun acting on the Earth. Over longer timescales, SSH is