Telegraphy the sense of a system that can transmit arbitrary messages over arbitrary distances. Lines of signalling relay stations can send messages to any required distance, but all these systems are limited to one extent or another in the range of messages that they can send. A system like flag semaphore, with an alphabetic code, can certainly send any given message, but the system is designed for short-range communication between two persons. An engine order telegraph, used to send instructions from the bridge of a ship to the engine room, fails to meet both criteria; it has a limited distance and
Flags of the Imperial Austrian Army of the Napoleonic Wars reduction to one flag per Line battalion in 1808, there would have been a surplus of Ordinarfahnen, which were probably issued to the Landwehr battalions. Two known Landwehr flags were plain Ordinarfahnen: The 1st Viertel unter Manhartsberg Battalion (Lower Austria) has an identifier in the top corner nearest the staff "1es VUMB"; the Prachin Battalion (Bohemia) is just a plain 1806 pattern. Many Landwehr flags were probably quite simple, especially those reused from the 1800 Legion. A rather plain flag, probably red with local arms is the 1809 Saaz Landwehr flag. However, the Duchy of Styria battalions carried more local