Dan (rank) highest level that might be attained, with instructor certification and judge/judgment authorization being understood as higher-level or more sophisticated. Many arts use between one and ten dan ranks: In some martial arts, black belts are worn for all "dan" grades. In others, the highest grade (10th "dan") wears a red colored belt. In Jūdo and Shotokan 6th to 8th "dan" may wear a red and white-patterned belt and 9th to 10th "dan" may wear a solid red belt. There is some variation even within styles. Generally, belts do not have markings that indicate the actual "dan" grade. Okinawan styles used
Kosen judo ordinary contenders, a captain and a vice-captain, and five replacements in case of injuries or retirements. Every match is composed of a single, six-minute round, changed to an eight minute round when the contenders are captains or vice-captains. The league is hosted as a "kachi-nuki shiai", meaning every winner stays on the mat to face the next member of the rival team. At the end of the event, victory is given to the team with the highest numbers of matches won or with the last man on the field. Kosen judo Today, the term "kosen judo" is frequently used to