Prime minister Bahrain's prime minister, Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah has been in the post since 1970, making him the longest serving non-elected prime minister. The post of prime minister may be encountered both in constitutional monarchies (such as Belgium, Denmark, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Malaysia, Morocco, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom), and in parliamentary republics in which the head of state is an elected official (such as Finland, the Czech Republic, France, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia (1945-1959), Ireland, Pakistan, Portugal, Montenegro, Croatia, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia and Turkey (1923-2018)). See also "First Minister", "Premier",
Deputy Prime Minister of Pakistan Deputy Prime Minister of Pakistan The office of the Deputy Prime Minister of Pakistan () was created by the Prime Minister of Pakistan on 25 June 2012. The main coalition party, Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (PML-Q), demanded to make a post of Deputy Prime Minister which was accomplished by the newly elected Prime Minister Raja Pervez Ashraf. The main purpose of the post was to give a backup to the government in the absence of the Prime Minister. As a result of an agreement between the ruling Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and the PML-Q to share ministries in the federal