Swallowtail butterfly tiger swallowtail), Y-linkage determines whether the females are either wild-type (yellow and black) or melanic (dark melanin replaces the yellow background). This genetic difference stems from the fact that melanism is controlled by a single gene, which controls the level of dopamine in the organism. The enzyme BAS, which assists dopamine in producing the yellow pigmentation, normally found on the wings' background, is suppressed. Without the pigmentation, the butterfly appears mostly black (the melanic form) and is a Batesian mimic of "Battus philenor", the pipevine swallowtail. There are also "Papilio glaucus" that are not wholly black; several possess an intermediate
Comma Press Europe Translated Fiction from the Middle East Reading the City Comma Press Anthologies Essays Poetry Novels Booklets Literature Apps Comma Press Comma Press is a publishing house based in Manchester, UK. It publishes short story anthologies and single-author collections in paperback and eBook formats. Comma Press is one of Arts Council England's 'National Portfolio Organisations'. Comma Press was founded in 2002 by Ra Page, a former editor at Manchester's "City Life" magazine. UK authors published in full-length book form by Comma Press Non-UK authors published in full-length book form by Comma Press Comma Press publishes anthologies of short stories, including