Scale (insect anatomy) and enable the insect to escape. (Forsyth 1992:12) Thomas Eisner tested spiderwebs' effectiveness by dropping various insects onto the webs. Moths were consistently able to escape, and all left impact spots where scales had stuck to the web. Eisner found these spots to be common. (Eisner 2003:218-220) Scales also help increase the lift to drag ratio in gliding flight. Successive close-ups of the scales of a Peacock wing Scale (insect anatomy) The presence of scales on the wings of Lepidoptera, comprising moths and butterflies, characterises this order of insects. The name is derived from Ancient Greek λεπίδος (scale) and πτερόν
Holdrian comma equal temperament are closer to Pythagorean tuning than that of 55. Thus Mercator's comma and the Holdrian comma are two distinct but related intervals. The name "Arabian comma" may be inaccurate; the comma has been employed mainly in Turkish music theory by Kemal Ilerici, and by the Turkish composer Erol Sayan. The name of this comma is "Holder koması" in Turkish. For instance, the makam "rast" (similar to the Western major scale) may be considered in terms of Holdrian commas: while in contrast, the makam "nihavend" (similar to the Western minor scale): has medium seconds between d–e, e–f, g–a, a–b,