Cruella de Vil "102 Dalmatians"), Rachel York (musical), Victoria Smurfit ("Once Upon a Time"), and Wendy Raquel Robinson ("Descendants"). The character became a pop-culture type epitomizing a person who is very, very mean. Cruella ranked 39th on AFI's list "100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains". Cruella's name is a pun of the words "cruel" and "devil", an allusion which is emphasized by having her country house nicknamed "Hell Hall". In some translations, for instance in Polish, Cruella De Vil is known as "Cruella De Mon", a play on "demon". In Italian, she is called "Crudelia De Mon" (a pun on "crudele", cruel, and "demone",
Breed club (dog) research on breed-specific health issues. Breed clubs for agricultural stock breeds became popular social clubs in England in the late 18th century and early 19th century. The first breed club for chickens, for example, was formed in 1815 as an elite and expensive activity. By the mid-19th century, dog shows were becoming a pastime in Victorian England, and the bulldog was a popular pet. In order to make the bulldog breed smaller and more gentle, crossbreeding with pugs and other types of dogs was being done, leading to the formation of the first breed club, the Bulldog Club, in 1864,