Oswaldo Cruz Oswaldo Cruz Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz, better known as Oswaldo Cruz (; August 5, 1872 in São Luís do Paraitinga, São Paulo province, Brazil – February 11, 1917 in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro state), was a Brazilian physician, pioneer bacteriologist, epidemiologist and public health officer and the founder of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute. He occupied the fifth chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1912 until his death in 1917. Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz was born on August 5, 1872 in São Luis do Paraitinga, a small city in São Paulo Province, to the physician Bento Gonçalvez Cruz and Amália Bulhões
American Red Cross Institute for the Blind Institution for the Blind. The Committee of Direction of the Red Cross Institute for the Blind was composed of five members, each appointed by the General Manager of the American Red Cross. American Red Cross Institute for the Blind Red Cross Institute for the Blind (also known as Evergreen) was established by the American Red Cross in 1917. It was located in Baltimore, Maryland. The institute furnished the connecting link between the military and civil life of the injured men. The Red Cross Institute for the Blind was organized at the request of the Surgeon General of the United States