Oswaldo Cruz Oswaldo Cruz Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz, better known as Oswaldo Cruz (; August 5, 1872 in São Luís do Paraitinga, São Paulo province, Brazil – February 11, 1917 in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro state), was a Brazilian physician, pioneer bacteriologist, epidemiologist and public health officer and the founder of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute. He occupied the fifth chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1912 until his death in 1917. Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz was born on August 5, 1872 in São Luis do Paraitinga, a small city in São Paulo Province, to the physician Bento Gonçalvez Cruz and Amália Bulhões
American Poster Institute These exhibitions typically feature as many as 100 poster artists from all over the US, overseas, and Canada. The first FLATSTOCK show was held in San Francisco in 2002. Each Spring since March 2003, the FLATSTOCK show has been part of the South by Southwest Music Conference (SXSW) in Austin, Texas, and it has been a part of the Bumbershoot Music Festival in Seattle each Fall. American Poster Institute The American Poster Institute (API) is a California nonprofit corporation dedicated to promoting poster art and serving poster artists. Among the API’s stated goals are: (1) support for the community of