Carrageenan carrageenan were estimated at $640 million. The largest producer of industrial carrageenan was the Philippines, where cultivated seaweed produces about 80% of the world supply, while China is the main exporter to global markets in the US and Europe. The most commonly used sources are "E. cottonii" ("Kappaphycus alvarezii", "K. striatum") and "E. spinosum" ("Eucheuma denticulatum"), which together provide about three-quarters of the world production. These grow from the sea surface to a depth of about 2 metres. The seaweed is normally grown on nylon lines strung between bamboo floats, and it is harvested after three months or so, when
Substance 1987 (2004) that the album is "pure pleasure" and serves as "a guidebook to 1980s pop", along with Prince's "Purple Rain" (1984) and Madonna's 1990 compilation "The Immaculate Collection". "Slant Magazine"'s Sal Cinquemani was less enthusiastic and said that the album is "undeniably a product of its time". In 2005, Will Hermes included "Substance" in his "definitive guide" to dance-rock for "Spin" magazine. Substance 1989 is the video version of "Substance" that first appeared in 1989 on VHS; it was released on LaserDisc in Japan in 1991. The cover is similar to the LP, except "1987" is replaced by "1989" (though