Oswaldo Cruz Filho Oswaldo Cruz Filho Oswaldo Cruz Filho (1902/03 in Rio de Janeiro – ?) was a Brazilian chess master. He represented Brazil in 3rd unofficial Chess Olympiad at Munich 1936, in the 8th Chess Olympiad at Buenos Aires 1939 and the 10th Chess Olympiad at Helsinki 1952. He participated in many tournaments played in Rio de Janeiro; shared 3rd with Walter Oswaldo Cruz in 1943 ("Campeonato do CXRJ", Erich Eliskases won), took 2nd in 1943 ("Quadrangular Clube Ginastico Portugues", Eliskases won), took 9th in 1946 (Miguel Najdorf won), took 2nd, behind W. Cruz, in 1948 (the 16th Brazilian Chess Championship), tied
Oswaldo Cruz following year, Cruz was appointed director general of Public Health, a position corresponding to today's Brazilian Minister of Health. Using the Federal Serum Therapy Institute as technical-scientific base, he embarked in quick succession of important sanitation campaigns. His first challenge was a series of yellow fever endemics, which had earned Rio de Janeiro the sinister reputation of 'Foreigners' Grave'. Between 1897 and 1906, 4,000 European immigrants had died there from the disease. Cruz pursued the new technique of eradicating mosquitoes and their breeding grounds, fumigating houses, and isolation of the ill. There was opposition to the campaign by many, including