Seal of New York City Seal of New York City The seal of New York City, designed in 1915 and adapted from an earlier form dating back in 1686, bears the legend which means simply "The Seal of the City of New York": "Eboracum" was the Roman name for York in Latin, the titular seat of James II as Duke of York. York was founded by the Romans in 70 AD. The two supporters represent the unity between Native Americans and colonists: dexter, a sailor colonist holds a plummet—a navigational tool—in his right hand, while over his right shoulder is a cross-staff; sinister, a Lenape
English Place-Name Society Society has published an annual "Journal", which contains essays on various place-name topics. English Place-Name Society The English Place-Name Society (EPNS) is a learned society concerned with toponomastics and the toponymy of England, in other words, the study of place-names (toponyms). Its scholars aim to explain the origin and history of the names they study, taking into account factors such as the meaning of the elements out of which they were created (which can be in languages such as Old English, or early Welsh, Danish, Norwegian or Cornish etc.); the topography, geology and ecology of the places bearing the names;