Paper marbling Turkish and Persian, which literally means Frankish. Historic forms of marbling used both organic and inorganic pigments mixed with water for colors, and sizes were traditionally made from gum tragacanth ("Astragalus" spp.), gum karaya, guar gum, fenugreek ("Trigonella foenum-graecum"), fleabane, linseed, and psyllium. Since the late 19th century, a boiled extract of the carrageenan-rich alga known as Irish moss ("Chondrus crispus"), has been employed for sizing. Today, many marblers use powdered carrageenan extracted from various seaweeds. Another plant-derived mucilage is made from sodium alginate. In recent years, a synthetic size made from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, a common ingredient in instant wallpaper
Substance theory inverse relation is participation. Thus in the example above, just as red inheres in the apple, so the apple participates in red. Two common arguments supporting substance theory are the argument from grammar and the argument from conception. The argument from grammar uses traditional grammar to support substance theory. For example, the sentence "Snow is white" contains a grammatical subject "snow" and the predicate "is white", thereby asserting "snow is white". The argument holds that it makes no grammatical sense to speak of "whiteness" disembodied, without asserting that snow or something else "is" white. Meaningful assertions are formed by virtue