Sastrugi breaking equipment—ripples and waves are often undercut and the surface is hard and unforgiving, with constant minor topographic changes between ridge and trough. The words "sastrugi" and "zastrugi" are Russian-language plurals; the singular is "sastruga" or "zastruga". The form "sastruga" started as the German-language transliteration of the Russian word заструга (plural: заструги). A Latin-type analogica singular "sastrugus" is used in various writings on exploration of the South Pole, including Robert Falcon Scott's expedition's diaries and Ernest Shackleton's "The Heart of the Antarctic". Under the action of steady wind, free snow particles accumulate and drift like the sand grains in barchan
Surface wave detection by animals source, the less arc angle will be measured in the distance between the neuromasts). However, there is no evidence of a neural circuit that performs this calculation, and other researchers suggest that the distance between any pair of surface wave neuromasts is too small ("A lineatus’s" head is only 1 cm wide) for the calculation to be made accurately, and then at distances from the stimulus less than 7 cm. The accuracy predicted by a time-difference mechanism (using triangulation of the wave source based on curvature of wave front) doesn’t match actual accuracy. Additionally it has been shown that if