Carrageenan Carrageenan Carrageenans or carrageenins ( , from Irish "", "little rock") are a family of linear sulfated polysaccharides that are extracted from red edible seaweeds. They are widely used in the food industry, for their gelling, thickening, and stabilizing properties. Their main application is in dairy and meat products, due to their strong binding to food proteins. There are three main varieties of carrageenan, which differ in their degree of sulfation. Kappa-carrageenan has one sulfate group per disaccharide, iota-carrageenan has two, and lambda-carrageenan has three. Gelatinous extracts of the "Chondrus crispus" (Irish moss) seaweed have been used as food additives
Tyrian purple the purple". Some speculate that the dye extracted from the "Bolinus brandaris" is known as () in Biblical Hebrew. Another dye extracted from a related sea snail, "Hexaplex trunculus", produced a blue colour which could be the one known as (), used in garments worn for ritual purposes. The dye substance is a mucous secretion from the hypobranchial gland of one of several species of medium-sized predatory sea snails that are found in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. These are the marine gastropods "Bolinus brandaris" the spiny dyemurex, (originally known as "Murex brandaris" Linnaeus, 1758), the banded dye-murex "Hexaplex trunculus", the