Swallowtail butterfly tiger swallowtail), Y-linkage determines whether the females are either wild-type (yellow and black) or melanic (dark melanin replaces the yellow background). This genetic difference stems from the fact that melanism is controlled by a single gene, which controls the level of dopamine in the organism. The enzyme BAS, which assists dopamine in producing the yellow pigmentation, normally found on the wings' background, is suppressed. Without the pigmentation, the butterfly appears mostly black (the melanic form) and is a Batesian mimic of "Battus philenor", the pipevine swallowtail. There are also "Papilio glaucus" that are not wholly black; several possess an intermediate
Comma certain homonyms. The comma therefore functions as a silent letter in a handful of Greek words, principally distinguishing ("ó,ti", "whatever") from ("óti", "that"). The enumeration or ideographic comma——is used in Chinese, Japanese punctuation, and somewhat in Korean punctuation. In the People's Republic of China and in North/South Korea, this comma ( , , "dùnhào") is usually used only to separate items in lists, while in Japan it is the more common form of comma (, "tōten", "clause mark"). In documents that mix Japanese and Latin scripts, the full-width comma () is used; this is the standard form of comma (