Oswaldo Cruz Filho Oswaldo Cruz Filho Oswaldo Cruz Filho (1902/03 in Rio de Janeiro – ?) was a Brazilian chess master. He represented Brazil in 3rd unofficial Chess Olympiad at Munich 1936, in the 8th Chess Olympiad at Buenos Aires 1939 and the 10th Chess Olympiad at Helsinki 1952. He participated in many tournaments played in Rio de Janeiro; shared 3rd with Walter Oswaldo Cruz in 1943 ("Campeonato do CXRJ", Erich Eliskases won), took 2nd in 1943 ("Quadrangular Clube Ginastico Portugues", Eliskases won), took 9th in 1946 (Miguel Najdorf won), took 2nd, behind W. Cruz, in 1948 (the 16th Brazilian Chess Championship), tied
American Law Institute American Law Institute The American Law Institute (ALI) was established in 1923 to promote the clarification and simplification of United States common law and its adaptation to changing social needs. Members of ALI include law professors, attorneys, judges and other professionals in the legal industry. ALI writes documents known as "treatises", which are summaries of state common law (legal principles that come out of state court decisions.) Many courts and legislatures look to ALI's treatises as authoritative reference material concerning many legal issues. However, some legal experts and the late Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia have voiced concern about ALI