Rank in Judo first five are colored black, 6th, 7th, and 8th "dan" have alternating red and white panels (dandara), and for 9th, 10th "dan" and above, the belts are solid red. In judo's promotion system as originally finalized by Kanō around 1926 there was no maximal dan rank, and judoka holding 10th dan would normally wear a red belt, but also could wear a white belt, the same color as the lowest kyū rank. However, since the highest dan rank reached in judo for a living person or conferred posthumously remains 10th dan, any judo dan rank higher than 10th dan is
Judo in Canada aspects of Judo. The most complete history of Canadian Judo is Glynn Leyshon's "Judoka: the history of Judo in Canada" (1998). However, while Leyshon is Professor Emeritus of Kinesiology at the University of Western Ontario, "Judoka" is a popular history published by Judo Canada rather than an academic study. Anne Doré's article "Japanese-Canadian Sport History in the Fraser Valley: Judo and Baseball in the Interwar Years" (2002) and Joseph Svinth's book "Getting a Grip: Judo in the Nikkei Communities of the Pacific Northwest, 1900-1950" (2003) both address the history of Judo in British Columbia. Luiz Moraes' PhD thesis in Education