Neandertal (valley) most of the limestone and dramatically changed the shape of the valley. It was during such a quarrying operation that the bones of the original Neanderthal man were found in a cave known as Kleine Feldhofer Grotte. Neither the cave nor the cliff in which the bones were located still exists. During the 19th century the valley was called "Neandershöhle" (Neander's Cave), and, after 1850, "Neanderthal". It was named after Joachim Neander, a 17th-century German pastor. "Neander" is the Greek translation of his family name "Neumann"; both names mean "new man". Neumann lived in nearby Düsseldorf and loved the valley
Adelophthalmus until the subsequent stage, the Sakmarian (from 295 to 290.1 million years ago), which also saw the appearance of "A. nebraskensis" in Nebraska, USA. The youngest described species is "A. sellardsi", known from the Artinskian (290.1 to 283.5 million years ago) stage of Elmo in Kansas, USA. "A. luceroensis", named after the Lucero Mesa of New Mexico (which is located near where its fossil was found), was closely related to other species found in the United States, but can be distinguished by its unusually wide prosoma. As with many other species of "Adelophthalmus", "A. luceroensis" appears to have lived in