Comma splice Jr. advises using a semicolon, not a comma, to join two grammatically complete clauses, except when the clauses are "very short" and "similar in form", for example: Comma splices are similar to run-on sentences, which join two independent clauses without any punctuation and without a conjunction such as "and", "but" "for", etc. Sometimes the two types of sentences are treated differently based on the presence or absence of a comma, but most writers consider the comma splice as a special type of run-on sentence. According to "Garner's Modern English Usage": Comma splices often arise when writers use conjunctive adverbs (such
Irony punctuation mark was used earlier by Marcellin Jobard in an article dated June 11, 1841, and commented in an 1842 report. Hervé Bazin, in his 1966 essay "Plumons l'Oiseau" (“Let's pluck the bird”), used the Greek letter ψ with a dot below for the same purpose . In the same work, the author proposed five other innovative punctuation marks: the “doubt point” , “conviction point” , “acclamation point” , “authority point” , and “love point” . In March 2007, the Dutch foundation CPNB "(Collectieve Propaganda van het Nederlandse Boek)" presented another design of an irony mark, the "ironieteken": (). Tom Driberg