Sastrugi dunes, and the resulting drifting snow shapes are also popularly referred to as "barchans". Inuit of Canada call them "kalutoqaniq". When winds slacken, the drifted formations consolidate via sublimation and recrystallization. Subsequent winds erode kalutoqaniq into the sculptured forms of sastrugi. Inuit call large sculpturings "kaioqlaq" and small ripples "tumarinyiq". Further erosion may turn "kaioqlaq" back into drifting "kalutoqaniq". An intermediate stage of erosion is "mapsuk", an overhanging shape. On the windward side of a ridge, the base erodes faster than the top, producing a shape like an anvil tip pointing upwind. Sastrugi are more likely to form on first-year
Galactic winds Galactic winds Galactic winds are high velocity stellar winds. The phenomena is caused by either strong stellar winds emanating from newly formed massive stars or as the result of the effects of supermassive black holes. Galactic winds are strong stellar winds made up of charged particles, ejecta, and varying amounts of hot and cool gas. These gusts are caused by the release of ejecta by massive stars, spiral density waves, or supernovae. In galaxies with active galactic nuclei, galactic winds can also be driven by the effects of super-massive black holes. Galactic winds are considered an important function in the