Pseudonym the attempt was not entirely successful – and the two are still sometimes confused by booksellers. A pen name may be used specifically to hide the identity of the author, as in the case of exposé books about espionage or crime, or explicit erotic fiction. Some prolific authors adopt a pseudonym to disguise the extent of their published output, e.g. Stephen King writing as Richard Bachman. Co-authors may choose to publish under a collective pseudonym, e.g., P. J. Tracy and Perri O'Shaughnessy. Frederic Dannay and Manfred Lee used the name Ellery Queen as both a pen name for their collaborative
Frederic Lindsay Caton-Jones and featuring the actors Stratford Johns, John Hannah and James Cosmo. One of Lindsay's works has been made into a film: in 1999 "Jill Rips" was made into an independent Hollywood film (also known in the United States as "Jill the Ripper" for its video release and "Tied Up" for its TV debut) directed by Anthony Hickox and starring Dolph Lundgren. Frederic Lindsay Frederic Lindsay (12 August 1933 – 31 May 2013) was a Scottish crime writer, who was born in Glasgow and lived in Edinburgh. He was a full-time writer from 1979 and previously worked as a lecturer,