Swallowtail butterfly tiger swallowtail), Y-linkage determines whether the females are either wild-type (yellow and black) or melanic (dark melanin replaces the yellow background). This genetic difference stems from the fact that melanism is controlled by a single gene, which controls the level of dopamine in the organism. The enzyme BAS, which assists dopamine in producing the yellow pigmentation, normally found on the wings' background, is suppressed. Without the pigmentation, the butterfly appears mostly black (the melanic form) and is a Batesian mimic of "Battus philenor", the pipevine swallowtail. There are also "Papilio glaucus" that are not wholly black; several possess an intermediate
Nephele comma Nephele comma Nephele comma is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is very common throughout the Ethiopian Region, including Madagascar. The length of the forewings is 32–39 mm and the wingspan is 76–86 mm. It is a very variable species. The body and forewings are dark olive green to reddish-brown and to light ochreous-brown. The dorsum of the abdomen is broadly of the same colour as the thorax. There are three large quadrate blackish lateral spots. The forewings have irregular dark transverse bands which are usually much better developed in the olive or ochreous specimens than in the reddish