Atlanto-axial joint Atlanto-axial joint The atlantoaxial joint is a joint in the upper part of the neck between the first and second cervical vertebrae; the atlas and axis. It is a pivot joint. The atlantoaxial joint is of a complicated nature. It consists of no fewer than four distinct joints. There is a pivot articulation between the odontoid process of the axis and the ring formed by the anterior arch and the transverse ligament of the atlas. There are three atlantoaxial joints: one median and two lateral: The ligaments connecting these bones are: The atlantoaxial joint in common terminology is actually a
The Historical Atlas of China states are often given overly precise and extensive outer borders, often based on contentious claims. In his afterword to volume 8, written in 1987, Tan regretted expanding the borders of Chinese empires to encompass "jimi" and "tusi" regimes. These Wikipedia maps are drawn after "The Historical Atlas of China" (1982). Works cited The Historical Atlas of China The Historical Atlas of China () is an 8-volume work published in Beijing between 1982 and 1988, edited by Tan Qixiang. It contains 304 maps and 70,000 placenames in total. The "Concise Historical Atlas of China" () was published in 1991. The atlas