Marshall Space Flight Center a future goal of manned flight, monkeys Able and Baker were the first living creatures recovered from outer space on May 28, 1959. They had been carried in the nose cone on a Jupiter missile to an altitude of and a distance of , successfully withstanding 38 times the normal pull of gravity. Their survival during speeds over 10,000 miles per hour was America's first biological step toward putting a man into space. On October 21, 1959, President Eisenhower approved the transfer of all Army space-related activities to NASA. This was accomplished effective July 1, 1960, when 4,670 civilian employees,
Miss Earth 2011 organizers decided to move the pageant back to the Philippines due to the 2011 Thailand floods. Miss Earth 2010, Nicole Faria of India, crowned her successor Olga Álava of Ecuador as Miss Earth 2011 at the end of the event. The three "elemental titles", which have equal ranking, were awarded to Miss Brazil Drielly Bennettone as Miss Earth-Air 2011, Miss Philippines Athena Imperial as Miss Earth-Water 2011 title, and Caroline Medina of Venezuela as Miss Earth-Fire 2011. The following special awards were given: Final Question in Miss Earth 2011: "Why the candidates chose education as the environmental initiative that world