Telegraphy the sense of a system that can transmit arbitrary messages over arbitrary distances. Lines of signalling relay stations can send messages to any required distance, but all these systems are limited to one extent or another in the range of messages that they can send. A system like flag semaphore, with an alphabetic code, can certainly send any given message, but the system is designed for short-range communication between two persons. An engine order telegraph, used to send instructions from the bridge of a ship to the engine room, fails to meet both criteria; it has a limited distance and
Flags of the Holy Roman Empire is not to be confused with the ', granted to the Electors of Saxony in their function as '. This latter flag showed two crossed swords in a black and white field. Some free imperial cities took to displaying symbols of the empire, especially the Imperial eagle, as part of their flags or coats of arms. Flags of the Holy Roman Empire The Flag of the Holy Roman Empire was not a national flag, but rather an imperial banner used by the Holy Roman Emperor; black and gold were used as the colours of the imperial banner, a black eagle