Douglas fir Douglas-fir forest is the primary habitat of the red tree vole ("Arborimus longicaudus") and the spotted owl ("Strix occidentalis"). Home range requirements for breeding pairs of spotted owls are at least 400 ha () of old growth. Red tree voles may also be found in immature forests if Douglas-fir is a significant component. The red vole nests almost exclusively in the foliage of the trees, typically above the ground, and its diet consists chiefly of Douglas-fir needles. A parasitic plant sometimes utilizing "P. menziesii" is Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe ("Arceuthobium douglasii"). The leaves are also used by the woolly conifer aphid
Steamboats of the Lower Fraser River and Harrison Lake Puget Sound and the Fraser River. Ships that called in were the "Suprize", "Enterprise", and the "Wilson G. Hunt". At the onset of the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush and the accompanying declaration of the Colony of British Columbia, British colonial Governor James Douglas, was worried about an American monopoly on British trade and thus declared a law preventing steamboat traffic operating under the American flag from conducting trade in the colony. This did two things, it enabled a local shipbuilding industry and, in as a result in some cases, ship owners changed flags and registry to British shipping. Two dominant