Northern rockhopper penguin two genera, "Austrogoniodes" and the monotypic "Nesiotinus". Within rockhopper penguins, the host-specific louse "Austrogoniodes keleri" is present only on southern rockhoppers; the multi-host "Austrogoniodes concii" parasitises only northern rockhoppers and "Austrogoniodes hamiltoni" parasitises only eastern rockhoppers. Cross contamination of the lice is not possible naturally due to the fact that chewing lice have limited mobility and heavily rely on their host for survival, meaning that the lice can only be transmitted across species by way of close physical contact. The northern rockhopper penguin feeds on krill and other sea life such as crustaceans, squid, octopus and fish. It breeds in
Bird flight Bird flight Bird flight is the primary mode of locomotion used by most bird species in which birds take off and fly. Flight assists birds while feeding, breeding, avoiding predators, and migrating. Bird flight is one of the most complex forms of locomotion in the animal kingdom. Each facet of this type of motion, including hovering, taking off, and landing, involves many complex movements. As different bird species have adapted to specific environments, prey, predators, and other needs, they have developed varied forms of wings and varied forms of flight. Research into how birds fly has yielded various theories as