Aperture (botany) pollen grain. Aperture (botany) Apertures are areas on the walls of a pollen grain, where the wall is thinner and/or softer. For germination it is necessary that the pollen tube can reach out from the inside of the pollen grain and transport the sperm to the egg deep down in the pistil. The apertures are the places where the pollen tube is able to break through the (elsewhere very tough) pollen wall. The number and configuration of apertures are often very exactly characteristic of different groups of plants. The biggest class of plant species, the Eudicots, usually have three apertures
Enteric coating However, as the solvents for such solutions are organic solvents, there's a concern about the toxicity potential of the traces of the residual solvents in the tablet coating. The first form of gastro-resistant coating was introduced by Unna in 1884 in the form of keratin-coated pills, although it was later discovered that they weren't able to withstand gastric digestion. Salol was also used by Ceppi as one of the first forms of enteric coating. However, the first material that was extensively used as enteric coating agent was shellac, since its introduction in 1930. Properly treated or hydrolyzed shellac showed different