Albinism in humans Albinism in humans Albinism is a congenital disorder characterized in humans by the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes. Albinism is associated with a number of vision defects, such as photophobia, nystagmus, and amblyopia. Lack of skin pigmentation makes for more susceptibility to sunburn and skin cancers. In rare cases such as Chédiak–Higashi syndrome, albinism may be associated with deficiencies in the transportation of melanin granules. This also affects essential granules present in immune cells leading to increased susceptibility to infection. Albinism results from inheritance of recessive gene alleles and is known to affect
Archaic humans In this case the standard taxonomy is used, i.e. "Homo rhodesiensis", or "Homo neanderthalensis". The evolutionary dividing lines that separate modern humans from archaic humans and archaic humans from "Homo erectus" are unclear. The earliest known fossils of anatomically modern humans such as the Omo remains from 195,000 years ago, "Homo sapiens idaltu" from 160,000 years ago, and Qafzeh remains from 90,000 years ago are recognizably modern humans. However, these early modern humans do possess a number of archaic traits, such as moderate, but not prominent, brow ridges. The emergence of archaic humans is sometimes used as an example of