Propolis Propolis Propolis or bee glue is a resinous mixture that honey bees produce by mixing saliva and beeswax with exudate gathered from tree buds, sap flows, or other botanical sources. It is used as a sealant for unwanted open spaces in the hive. Propolis is used for small gaps (approximately or less), while larger spaces are usually filled with beeswax. Its color varies depending on its botanical source, with dark brown as the most common. Propolis is sticky at and above , while at lower temperatures, it becomes hard and brittle. While foraging, worker bees primarily harvest pollen and nectar,
Hoof glue it retains some flexibility, thus making it ideal for applications where some give in the joint or covering is required. Hoof glue Hoof glue is an adhesive made by boiling down the hooves of ungulates. It is a partially hydrolyzed keratin. It is a type of animal glue. Hoof glue was widely used throughout human history. The oldest known bow was 10,000 years old and made using hoof glue. Hoof glues have been used for things like stiffening bow strings, adhering fabric to wood, stiffening fabric, creating thin lacquers to protect valuable objects , as well as sealing glass into