Propolis propolis has approximately 50 constituents, primarily resins and vegetable balsams (50%), waxes (30%), essential oils (10%), and pollen (5%). Propolis also contains persistent lipophilic acaricides, a natural pesticide that deters mite infestations. In neotropical regions, in addition to a large variety of trees, bees may also gather resin from flowers in the genera "Clusia" and "Dalechampia", which are the only known plant genera that produce floral resins to attract pollinators. "Clusia" resin contains polyprenylated benzophenones. In some areas of Chile and Argentina Andean valleys, propolis contains viscidone, a terpene from "Baccharis" shrubs, and in Brazil and Paraguay, naphthoquinone epoxide has
Fibrin glue Fibrin glue Fibrin glue (also called fibrin sealant) is a surgical formulation used to create a fibrin clot for hemostasis or wound healing. It is made up of fibrinogen (lyophilised pooled human concentrate) and thrombin (bovine, which is reconstituted with calcium chloride) that are applied to a site of tissue damage to glue them together. Thrombin is an enzyme and converts fibrinogen into fibrin monomers between 10 and 60 seconds giving rise to a three-dimensional gel. Factors that influence dimensional structure of fibrin gel giving rise to fine or coarse gel: Formulations from different manufacturers may also contain aprotinin, fibronectin