Phan Đình Phùng towards the monarchy. According to Marr, "Phan Dinh Phung's reply was a classic in savage understatement, utilizing standard formalism in the interest of propaganda, with deft denigration of his opponent". Phan appealed to Vietnamese nationalist sentiment, recalling his country's stubborn resistance to Chinese aggression. He cited defensive wars against the Han, Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, asking why a country "a thousand times more powerful" could not annex Vietnam. Phan concluded that it was "because the destiny of our country has been willed by Heaven itself". Phan placed the responsibility for the suffering of the people at the feet
Phan District ("tambon"), which are further subdivided into 229 villages ("muban"). Mueang Phan is a township ("thesaban tambon") which covers parts of "tambon" Mueang Phan. There are a further 15 tambon administrative organizations (TAO). Phan District Phan (; ) is a district ("amphoe") in the southern part of Chiang Rai Province, northern Thailand. Neighboring districts are (from the south west clockwise) Wiang Pa Pao, Mae Suai, Mae Lao, Mueang Chiang Rai, and Pa Daet of Chiang Rai Province, Mae Chai of Phayao province and Wang Nuea of Lampang Province. The mountains of the Phi Pan Nam Range dominate the landscape of the