Kimberlite Kimberlite Kimberlite is an igneous rock, which sometimes contains diamonds. It is named after the town of Kimberley in South Africa, where the discovery of an diamond called the Star of South Africa in 1869 spawned a diamond rush and the digging of the open-pit mine called the Big Hole. Previously, the term kimberlite has been applied to olivine lamproites as Kimberlite II, however this has been in error . Kimberlite occurs in the Earth's crust in vertical structures known as kimberlite pipes, as well as igneous dykes. Kimberlite also occurs as horizontal sills. Kimberlite pipes are the most important
Tianshan Volcanic Group Chinese army) said that when climbing the Tianshan Mountains, saw "The Fire Mountains which send out masses of molten rock which flow for many Li" Tianshan Volcanic Group The Tianshan Volcanic Group is a volcanic field in the Tianshan Mountains in Northwest China. The historically active Cone of Pechan is within the group (also known as Peishan, Baishan, Hochan, Aghie, Bichbalick, Khala, and Boschan). The volcano is 440 km southwest of Urmqui, Xinjiang. Two eruptions are known from Tianshan, in 50 AD (± 50 years)and 650 AD (± 50 years). The book, Aspects of Nature in Different Lands and Different