Rockhopper penguin subspecies and they are defined by their location of reproduction. The subspecies "E. c. filholi" (eastern) is known to reproduce in the sub-Antarctic around the Prince Edward Islands, Crozet Islands, Kerguelen Islands, Heard Island, Macquarie Island and Campbell, Auckland and Antipodes Islands. The subspecies "E. c. chrysocome", which may be referred to the true southern subspecies, reproduces at offshore islands in southern Chile, Argentina and at the Falkland Islands. The Falkland Islands are known to have one of the largest populations of Southern Rockhopper penguins. The subspecies in the group are: Northern rockhopper penguins breed in cool temperate climates including
Bird netting of a barrier to their diving into the ponds. Bird netting is one of the most effective and long lasting ways of bird proofing buildings and other structures against all urban bird species. It provides a discreet and impenetrable barrier that protects premises without harming the birds. Bird netting can be particularly effective for large open areas such as roofs and loading bays. Design considerations include the type and material of the fixings utilized and the bird species requiring exclusion. Miners will use chemical agents to extract minerals or metals from crushed rocks. These harmful chemical agents must be confined