Roux in Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, and Macedonian, () in Bulgarian, in Hungarian and in German. Japanese curry, or , is made from a roux made by frying yellow curry powder, butter or oil, and flour together. The French term has become a loanword in Japanese, , or more specifically . Roux ("meyane") has been used in Ottoman and Turkish cuisine since at least the 15th century. The fat is heated in a pot or pan, melting it if necessary. Then the flour is added. The mixture is heated and stirred until the flour is incorporated, and then cooked until at least
Churning (butter) as well as the rapid technical development that has led to the advanced machinery now used. The commercial cream separator was introduced at the end of the 19th century, the continuous churn had been commercialized by the middle of the 20th century. Changing whole milk to butter is a process of transforming a fat-in-water emulsion (milk) to a water-in-fat emulsion (butter). Whole milk is a dilute emulsion of tiny fat globules surrounded by lipoprotein membranes that keep the fat globules separate from one another. Butter is made from cream that has been separated from whole milk and then cooled; fat