Douglas fir Douglas-fir forest is the primary habitat of the red tree vole ("Arborimus longicaudus") and the spotted owl ("Strix occidentalis"). Home range requirements for breeding pairs of spotted owls are at least 400 ha () of old growth. Red tree voles may also be found in immature forests if Douglas-fir is a significant component. The red vole nests almost exclusively in the foliage of the trees, typically above the ground, and its diet consists chiefly of Douglas-fir needles. A parasitic plant sometimes utilizing "P. menziesii" is Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe ("Arceuthobium douglasii"). The leaves are also used by the woolly conifer aphid
Douglas M. Fraser Douglas M. Fraser Douglas Malcolm Fraser (born April 16, 1953), is a retired United States Air Force general who served as the Commander, United States Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM). He was the first U.S. Air Force officer to become USSOUTHCOM's combatant commander. He previously served as Deputy Commander, United States Pacific Command from April 2008 to June 24, 2009. He assumed his final assignment on June 25, 2009. General Fraser earned his commission upon graduation from the United States Air Force Academy in 1975. His operational assignments include Europe, the Pacific, Air Combat Command and Air Force Space Command. He has