Latvia states of Northern and Eastern Europe were divided into German and Soviet "spheres of influence". In the north, Latvia, Finland and Estonia were assigned to the Soviet sphere. A week later, on 1 September 1939, Germany and on 17 September, the Soviet Union invaded Poland. After the conclusion of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, most of the Baltic Germans left Latvia by agreement between Ulmanis' government and Nazi Germany under the Heim ins Reich programme. In total 50,000 Baltic Germans left by the deadline of December 1939, with 1,600 remaining to conclude business and 13,000 choosing to remain in Latvia. Most of
Latvia–Russia border from the intersection point of the state borders of Latvia, Russia and Belarus, and ends with the joint borders of Latvia, Russia and Estonia. Latvia borders only one oblast of Russia, the Pskov Oblast. Russia borders seven Latvian municipalities. Crossing the border is allowed only at border controls. Most people need a visa on one or both sides of the border. Listed from north: Border crossings can also be done by air travel. The only international airport in Latvia is Riga International Airport which has scheduled flights among other places to Moscow and Saint Petersburg. The airports at Daugavpils, Liepāja,