Column (botany) the Orchidaceae family, unlike almost all other flowering plants, the single male anther at the tip of the "column" produces pollen that is not free and powdery but held in waxy masses of two, four or six pellets called pollinia. The transfer of "pollinia" from one flower to another, though highly efficient, is often reliant upon one particular species of arthropods and it can be catastrophic for the population if its pollinator disappears from the community. Column (botany) The column, or technically the gynostemium, is a reproductive structure that can be found in several plant families: Aristolochiaceae, Orchidaceae, and Stylidiaceae.
Resting spore recycled back into the food web of the photic zone. Resting spore A resting spore is a resistant cell, used to survive adverse environmental conditions. Resting spore is a term commonly applied to both diatoms and fungi. A resting spore can be a spore created by fungi which is thickly encysted (has a thick cell wall) in order to survive through stressful times, such as drought. It protects the spore from biotic (microbial, fungal viral), as well as abiotic (wind, heat, xeric conditions) factors. It is found in "Anabaena". Resting spores of a particular fungus are known create the phenomenon