Marquis de Sade Donatien Alphonse François de Sade was born on 2 June 1740, in the Hôtel de Condé, Paris, to Jean Baptiste François Joseph, Count de Sade and Marie Eléonore de Maillé de Carman, cousin and Lady-in-waiting to the Princess of Condé. He was his parents' only surviving child. He was educated by an uncle, the Abbé de Sade. In Sade's youth, his father abandoned the family; his mother joined a convent. He was raised with servants who indulged "his every whim," which led to his becoming "known as a rebellious and spoiled child with an ever-growing temper." Later in his childhood,
Alphonse de Beauchamp Alphonse de Beauchamp Alphonse de Beauchamp (1767–1832) was a French historian. He was born in Monaco, he was educated in Paris. He entered the Sardinian military service in 1784, but suffered imprisonment in 1792 for refusing to bear arms against the French Republic. Beauchamp escaped to France, where he obtained a position in the office of the Minister of Police, and was assigned the surveillance of the press. Beauchamp commenced his "Histoire de la Vendée et des Chouans" (three volumes, Paris, 1806), which depicted the cruelties of the Fouché regime. This book displeased the Emperor, and Beauchamp was banished to