Center for Drug Evaluation and Research growing crisis around HIV testing and treatment and an inter-agency dispute between officials from the former Bureau of Drugs and officials from the former Bureau of Biologics over whether to approve Genentech's Activase (tissue plasminogen activator) led to the split. In its original form, CDER was composed of six offices: Management, Compliance, Drug Standards, Drug Evaluation I, Drug Evaluation II, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Research Resources. The Division of Antiviral Products was added in 1989 under Drug Evaluation II due to the large amount of drugs proposed for treating AIDS. The Office of Generic Drugs was also formed. In 2002,
Microbial drug delivery has been used to treat forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The most prominently studied vehicles of microbial drug administration are the bacterial species, "Lactococcus lactis" and "Bacteroides ovatus." The usage of recombinant microbes (i.e. microorganisms designed to contain DNA from two or more different species) has applications in treating chronic diseases. In 2006, Braat "et al". implemented microbial drug delivery with "L. lactis" in clinical trials, successfully treating Crohn’s disease (CD), a form of IBD that causes inflammation and ulceration in the intestines. In this study, a recombinant strain of "L. lactis" containing complimentary DNA (cDNA) for the human