Marquis de Sade Donatien Alphonse François de Sade was born on 2 June 1740, in the Hôtel de Condé, Paris, to Jean Baptiste François Joseph, Count de Sade and Marie Eléonore de Maillé de Carman, cousin and Lady-in-waiting to the Princess of Condé. He was his parents' only surviving child. He was educated by an uncle, the Abbé de Sade. In Sade's youth, his father abandoned the family; his mother joined a convent. He was raised with servants who indulged "his every whim," which led to his becoming "known as a rebellious and spoiled child with an ever-growing temper." Later in his childhood,
Louis Benoît Alphonse Révial Louis Benoît Alphonse Révial Alphonse Révial, real name Marie Pauline Françoise Louis Benoît Alphonse Révial (29 May 1810 – 13 October 1871) was a 19th-century French tenor and singing professor. Born in Toulouse, Révial entered the Conservatoire de Paris on 23 October 1829. He obtained the second prize in singing at the 1831 competition, the first prize in 1832. On 15 April 1833, he made his debut at the Opéra-Comique in Daniel-François-Esprit Auber's "Fra Diavolo". The first role he created was in the "Prison d'Édimbourg", by Michele Enrico Carafa, on 20 July 1833. For a few years he was the