Column (botany) the Orchidaceae family, unlike almost all other flowering plants, the single male anther at the tip of the "column" produces pollen that is not free and powdery but held in waxy masses of two, four or six pellets called pollinia. The transfer of "pollinia" from one flower to another, though highly efficient, is often reliant upon one particular species of arthropods and it can be catastrophic for the population if its pollinator disappears from the community. Column (botany) The column, or technically the gynostemium, is a reproductive structure that can be found in several plant families: Aristolochiaceae, Orchidaceae, and Stylidiaceae.
Spore (agricultural publication) publisher, CTA. Recent Special Issues have covered Climate Change (2015), Family Farming (2014), Structured Grain Trading (2013); Agricultural Value Chains (2012); Modernizing Farms (2011) and Population and Agriculture (2010). Issues from September 1997 (No. 72) to the present are available at the magazine's website . Issues 1-69 are available from . Spore (agricultural publication) Spore is a magazine published by the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation ACP-EU (CTA) in English and French. It covers a wide range of agricultural topics and is extensively distributed and widely reproduced throughout African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries and elsewhere. Originally known