Myelitis as infections. Direct infection by viruses, bacteria, mold, or parasites such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II), syphilis, lyme disease, and tuberculosis can cause myelitis but it can also be caused due to non-infectious or inflammatory pathway. Myelitis often follows after the infections or after vaccination. These phenomena can be explained by a theory of autoimmune attack which states that the autoimmune bodies attack its spinal cord in response to immune reaction. The theory of autoimmune attack claims that a person with neuroimmunologic disorders have genetic predisposition to auto-immune disorder, and the environmental
Acute flaccid myelitis suggesting that the paralysis "per se" is not directly contagious, but arises as a very rare complication of the common respiratory infection. Cases of similar illnesses have been reported in Canada, northern Europe, and Japan. Acute flaccid myelitis Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a rare but serious neurological illness of sudden onset, usually in children. It presents with localised limb weakness and visible changes on MRI. The cause is not currently agreed upon though many sources point to enterovirus 68 as potentially responsible for the condition. Although the illness is not new, a marked increase in cases has been seen