Pelagic fish Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico and the Mediterranean Sea. The term highly migratory species (HMS) is a legal term which has its origins in Article 64 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The highly migratory species include: tuna and tuna-like species (albacore, Atlantic bluefin, bigeye tuna, skipjack, yellowfin, blackfin, little tunny, Pacific bluefin, southern bluefin and bullet), pomfret, marlin, sailfish, swordfish, saury and oceangoing sharks, dolphins and other cetaceans. Essentially, highly migratory species coincide with the larger of the "large pelagic fish", discussed in the previous section, if cetaceans are added and some
Skipjack shad bars. Spawning temperature range is between . Eggs are broadcast over the substrate. Skipjack shad young may reach total lengths of during their first year. The maximum length in adults is 20 inches, but they are most commonly found to be between . The oldest specimen of skipjack shad reported was four years old. High population rates and the fact that there it has little to no interest to fisheries tells us that humans do not have much influence on life history. Impoundments have changed their distribution slightly, but they have no trouble spawning as a result. Human impacts on