Discrimination against drug addicts that suffer with an addiction, only a few will receive treatment due to the complexity of health care systems. Most health care systems do not have insurance coverage for addiction recovery and many health care providers have little to no training in treating addiction. Some doctors do not feel comfortable treating an addiction due to their lack of knowledge and training of the topic. This is one of the reasons why drug dependence is difficult to recover from. Among injecting drug users, the incidence of HIV infection is higher than among other drug addicts, however punitive and discriminatory measures against
Pre-existing condition The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center defines a pre-existing condition as a "medical condition that occurred before a program of health benefits went into effect". J. James Rohack, president of the American Medical Association, has stated on a "Fox News Sunday" interview that exclusions, based upon these conditions, function as a form of "rationing" of health care. Conditions can be broken down into two further categories, according to Lisa Smith of Investopedia: Which definition may be used was sometimes regulated by state laws. Some states required insurance companies to use the objective standard, while others required the prudent person standard.