Propolis while also collecting water and tree resin necessary for the production of propolis. The chemical composition and nature of propolis depend on environmental conditions and harvested resources. For centuries, beekeepers assumed that bees sealed the beehive with propolis to protect the colony from the elements, such as rain and cold winter drafts. However, 20th century research revealed that bees not only survive, but also thrive, with increased ventilation during the winter months throughout most temperate regions of the world. Propolis properties may include: The composition of propolis varies from hive to hive, from district to district, and from season to
Hoof glue it retains some flexibility, thus making it ideal for applications where some give in the joint or covering is required. Hoof glue Hoof glue is an adhesive made by boiling down the hooves of ungulates. It is a partially hydrolyzed keratin. It is a type of animal glue. Hoof glue was widely used throughout human history. The oldest known bow was 10,000 years old and made using hoof glue. Hoof glues have been used for things like stiffening bow strings, adhering fabric to wood, stiffening fabric, creating thin lacquers to protect valuable objects , as well as sealing glass into