Propolis propolis has approximately 50 constituents, primarily resins and vegetable balsams (50%), waxes (30%), essential oils (10%), and pollen (5%). Propolis also contains persistent lipophilic acaricides, a natural pesticide that deters mite infestations. In neotropical regions, in addition to a large variety of trees, bees may also gather resin from flowers in the genera "Clusia" and "Dalechampia", which are the only known plant genera that produce floral resins to attract pollinators. "Clusia" resin contains polyprenylated benzophenones. In some areas of Chile and Argentina Andean valleys, propolis contains viscidone, a terpene from "Baccharis" shrubs, and in Brazil and Paraguay, naphthoquinone epoxide has
Glue semantics Glue semantics Glue semantics, or simply Glue (Dalrymple et al. 1993; Dalrymple 1999, 2001), is a linguistic theory of semantic composition and the syntax-semantics interface which assumes that meaning composition is constrained by a set of instructions stated within a formal logic (linear logic). These instructions, called "meaning constructors", state how the meanings of the parts of a sentence can be combined to provide the meaning of the sentence. Glue was developed as a theory of the syntax-semantics interface within the linguistic theory of lexical functional grammar, and most work within Glue has been conducted within that framework. LFG-Glue assumes