Nirjara Nirjara Nirjara is one of the seven fundamental principles, or Tattva in Jain philosophy, and refers to the shedding or removal of accumulated karmas from the atma (soul), essential for breaking free from samsara, the cycle of birth-death and rebirth, by achieving moksha, liberation. Literally meaning "falling off", the concept is described first in chapter 9 of the classical Jain text, Tattvartha Sutra (True nature of Reality) written by Acharya Umasvati, in 2nd century CE, the only text authoritative in both Svetambara and Digambara sects of Jainism. Later it also finds mention in Dravyasamgraha (Compendium of substances), a 10th-century Jain
Shinto sects and schools Shinto sects and schools , the folk religion of Japan, developed a diversity of schools and sects, outbranching from the original Ko-Shintō (ancient Shintō) since Buddhism was introduced into Japan in the sixth century. The main Shinto schools with traditions traceable to early periods, according to authoritative published records are: Is a folk faith in Japan with Taoist origins, influenced by Shinto, Buddhism and other local beliefs. "Ancient Shintō". These were the various doctrines and myths of Shintō before the integration of Buddhism elements. Two main types of Shinto-inspired religion have emerged in modern times: Sect Shinto ("kyōha Shintō") and