Etruscan numerals whether the numbers on opposite faces of Etruscan dice add up to seven, like nowadays. Some dice found did not show this proposed pattern. An aspect of the Etruscan numeral system is that some numbers, as in the Roman system, are represented as partial subtractions. So "17" is not written *"semφ-śar" as users of the Arabic numerals might reason. One instead finds "ci-em zaθrum", literally "three from twenty". The numbers 17, 18 and 19 are all written in this way. The general agreement among Etruscologists nowadays is the following (except about which of huθ and śa were "four" or "six",
Nontransitive dice in favor of the second player, because the second player can always find a die that will beat the first player's die with probability . The following tables show all possible outcomes for all 3 pairs of dice. Though the three nontransitive dice A, B, C (first set of dice) P(A > B) = P(B > C) = P(C > A) = and the three nontransitive dice A′, B′, C′ (second set of dice) P(A′ > B′) = P(B′ > C′) = P(C′ > A′) = win against each other with equal probability they are not equivalent. While the first