Emissary veins passing through the foramen ovale, jugular foramen, foramen lacerum, and hypoglossal canal. Because the emissary veins are valveless, they are an important part in selective brain cooling through bidirectional flow of cooler blood from the evaporating surface of the head. In general, blood flow is from external to internal but the flow can be altered by increased intracranial pressure. A type of emissary vein goes through the sphenoidal emissary foramen inferior to the zygomatic arch with the cavernous sinus on the inside of the skull. This is an important route for spread of infection because cranial nerve VI and the
Varicose veins insufficiency method (CHIVA), which intends saving the veins, decreases varicose veins and is safer than vein stripping in those with chronic venous insufficiency. CHIVA comes from the French translation for the technique, conservatrice et hémodynamique de l'insuffisance veineuse en ambulatoire. The operation involves performing one to four small incisions on average, under local anesthesia, to remove by precise ligatures abnormal blood flow due to valvular incontinence and responsible for varicose vein dilation. The patient returns home the same day. This method tends to correct the venous functions in order to cure the symptoms of venous insufficiency such as varicose veins,