Byte codified this common meaning. Many types of applications use information representable in eight or fewer bits and processor designers optimize for this common usage. The popularity of major commercial computing architectures has aided in the ubiquitous acceptance of the eight-bit size. Modern architectures typically use 32- or 64-bit words, built of four or eight bytes. The unit symbol for the byte was designated as the upper-case letter "B" by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in contrast to the bit, whose IEEE symbol is a lower-case "b". Internationally, the unit "octet", symbol "o",
Byte (magazine) resumed publication after a few years of interruption. The Arabic edition also ended abruptly. Many of "Byte"'s columnists migrated their writing to personal web sites. One was science fiction author Jerry Pournelle's weblog "The View From Chaos Manor" derived from a long-standing column in "Byte", describing computers from a power user's point of view. After the closure of "Byte" magazine, Pournelle's column continued to be published in the Turkish editions of "PC World", which was soon renamed as "PC Life" in Turkey. "Byte Japan", with the name licensed from McGraw Hill, was the leading computer magazine in Japan, Published by