Pub London's pubs had closed. The closures have been ascribed to factors such as changing tastes, rise in the cost of beer due to applied taxes and the increase in the Muslim population. Inns and taverns feature throughout English literature and poetry, from The Tabard Inn in Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales" onwards. The highwayman Dick Turpin used the Swan Inn at Woughton-on-the-Green in Buckinghamshire as his base. Jamaica Inn near Bolventor in Cornwall gave its name to a 1936 novel by Daphne du Maurier and a 1939 film directed by Alfred Hitchcock. In the 1920s John Fothergill (1876–1957) was the innkeeper of
The Spy Who Loved Me (novel) Bond, but also by the police officer involved. Benson argues that this runs counter to another theme in the novel, which had also appeared in a number of other Bond books including "Goldfinger": the concept of Bond as Saint George against the dragon. In this Black agrees, who sees "The Spy Who Loved Me" as being "an account of the vulnerable under challenge, of the manipulative nature of individuals and of the possibility of being trapped by evil". "The Spy Who Loved Me" was written in Jamaica at Fleming's Goldeneye estate in January and February 1961, and was the shortest