Law of cosines . The power of the point with respect to the circle is equal to both and . Therefore, which is the law of cosines. Using algebraic measures for line segments (allowing negative numbers as lengths of segments) the case of obtuse angle () and acute angle () can be treated simultaneously. By using the law of sines and knowing that the angles of a triangle must sum to 180 degrees, we have the following system of equations (the three unknowns are the angles): Then, by using the third equation of the system, we obtain a system of two equations in
Incircle and excircles of a triangle any vertex to the incircle tangency on either adjacent side is half the sum of the vertex's adjacent sides minus half the opposite side. Thus for example for vertex "B" and adjacent tangencies "T" and "T", The incircle radius is no greater than one-ninth the sum of the altitudes. The squared distance from the incenter "I" to the circumcenter "O" is given by and the distance from the incenter to the center "N" of the nine point circle is The incenter lies in the medial triangle (whose vertices are the midpoints of the sides). The radius of the incircle is