Marie Claire Villeval Marie Claire Villeval Marie Claire Odile Villeval (born 26 June 1957) is a French economist and research professor in economics at the National Center for Scientific Research. Marie Claire Villeval obtained her PhD in economics from the Paris-Nanterre University in 1981 and her Habilitation from the University of Lyon in 1998. She is research professor in economics at the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) and she is affiliated with the Groupe d’Analyse et de Théorie Economique (GATE) research institute, at the University of Lyon 2, France. She has been the director of GATE from 2007 to 2016 and is
Al-Fatah (magazine) Al-Fatah (magazine) Al-Fatah ( / ALA-LC: "al-Fatāh", meaning "the young girl") was an Arabic women's magazine published in Alexandria, Egypt. The magazine was the first Arab women's magazine and was one of the earliest publications in the country. It was published from 1892 to 1894. "Al-Fatah" was launched by Hind Nawfal, a Syrian Christian woman, in Alexandria in 1892. Nawfal's father and sister also contributed to the establishment of the magazine of which the first issue appeared on 30 November 1892. "Al-Fatah" was published by Nawfal for two years. She also wrote editorials for the magazine, which was published monthly