Posterior triangle of the neck which divides the space into two triangles: A) Nerves and plexuses: B) Vessels: C) Lymph nodes: D) Muscles: The accessory nerve (CN XI) is particularly vulnerable to damage during lymph node biopsy. Damage results in an inability to shrug the shoulders or raise the arm above the head, particularly due to compromised trapezius muscle innervation. The Internal jugular vein's superficial location within the posterior triangle also makes it vulnerable to injury. Posterior triangle of the neck The posterior triangle (or lateral cervical region) is a region of the neck. It has the following boundaries: Apex: Union of the sternocleidomastoid and
Head and neck cancer to prevent the development of leukoplakia, the white plaques that are the precursor for carcinomas of the mucosal surfaces, in adult smokers. Another study examined a combination of Vitamin E and beta carotene in smokers with early-stage cancer of the oropharynx, and found a worse prognosis in the vitamin users. Betel nut chewing is associated with an increased risk of squamous cell cancer of the head and neck. Some head and neck cancers are caused by Human papillomavirus (HPV). In particular HPV16, is a causal factor for some head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Approximately 15 to 25% of HNSCC