Symbols of the Federal Bureau of Investigation of the FBI; the red stripes stand for courage, valor, and strength, while the white ones represent light, cleanliness, and truth. Below the wreath and shield is a scroll bearing the words "Fidelity, Bravery, Integrity". This slogan, which was devised in 1935 by FBI Inspector W.H. Drane Lester, describes the high moral standards and high level of motivation the FBI expects from its staff. It also reflects the Bureau's own initials as a "backronym" of sorts. However, a "Newsweek" article from 2008 credits Edward Allen Tamm, once a top aide to J. Edgar Hoover who regularly briefed President Franklin Roosevelt
Integrity pact Integrity pact As "a tool for preventing corruption in public contracting", an integrity pact is a multi-party agreement entered into by a public body seeking to procure goods and services of significant value, the companies interested in bidding to supply the goods and services, and a third party organisation such as a civil society organisation who will have a role in monitoring compliance with the pact. Integrity pacts are promoted and supported by the German-based anti-corruption organisation, Transparency International and by the European Union. Transparency International highlights Mexico and Pakistan as countries which make effective use of integrity pacts. In