Octet (computing) has represented various storage sizes in the history of computing. Due to the influence of several major computer architectures and product lines, the byte became overwhelmingly associated with eight bits. This meaning of "byte" is codified in such standards as ISO/IEC 80000-13. While "byte" and "octet" are often used synonymously, those working with certain legacy systems are careful to avoid ambiguity. Octets can be represented using number systems of varying bases such as the hexadecimal, decimal, or octal number systems. The binary value of all eight bits set (or activated) is , equal to the hexadecimal value , the decimal
Stochastic computing can take the logical AND of the two streams. The probability of a one in the output stream is formula_5. By observing enough output bits and measuring the frequency of ones, it is possible to estimate formula_5 to arbitrary accuracy. The operation above converts a fairly complicated computation (multiplication of formula_3 and formula_4) into a series of very simple operations (evaluation of formula_9) on random bits. More generally speaking, stochastic computing represents numbers as streams of random bits and reconstructs numbers by calculating frequencies. The computations are performed on the streams and translate complicated operations on formula_3 and formula_4 into