Symbols of the Federal Bureau of Investigation of the FBI; the red stripes stand for courage, valor, and strength, while the white ones represent light, cleanliness, and truth. Below the wreath and shield is a scroll bearing the words "Fidelity, Bravery, Integrity". This slogan, which was devised in 1935 by FBI Inspector W.H. Drane Lester, describes the high moral standards and high level of motivation the FBI expects from its staff. It also reflects the Bureau's own initials as a "backronym" of sorts. However, a "Newsweek" article from 2008 credits Edward Allen Tamm, once a top aide to J. Edgar Hoover who regularly briefed President Franklin Roosevelt
Research Action and Information Network for the Bodily Integrity of Women Research Action and Information Network for the Bodily Integrity of Women Research Action and Information Network for the Bodily Integrity of Women - RAINBO alternatively RAINB♀ - is an international non-governmental organisation working to eliminate female circumcision and female genital mutilation. RAINBO was founded in 1994 by a group of African immigrants to the United States including Nahid Toubia, Sudan's first female surgeon. The organisation has offices in New York City and London and works in Uganda, South Africa, The Gambia, and Nigeria. The RAINBO played a prominent role in changing the view of female circumcision/female genital mutilation from being