Parshvanatha of only four restraints in the Parshva tradition called "caujjama dhamma". Further scholarship, states Dundas, suggests a more complex uncertain situation, because some of the earliest Jain literature such as section 1.8.1 of "Acaranga Sutra" connects Mahavira with just three restraints (non-violence, non-lying, non-possession). The "less than Five vows" view in Svetambara canonical texts is however not accepted by the Digambaras, a tradition whose canonical texts have been long lost and who do not accept Svetambara Jain texts as canonical to Digambara tradition. Digambara do have a vast literature, which explains their disagreement with the Svetambara interpretations. Prafulla Modi, for
Freedom of religion in Japan estimates that there are approximately 2,000 Jews in the country, most of them foreign-born. As of December 2017, under the 1951 Religious Juridical Persons Law, the Government recognized 157 schools of Buddhism. The six major schools of Buddhism are Tendai, Shingon, Jōdō, Zen (Sōtō and Rinzai sects), Nichiren, and Nanto Rokushū. In addition, there are a number of Buddhist lay organizations, including Soka Gakkai, which reported a membership of eight million. The two main schools of Shinto are the Association of Shinto Shrines and Kyohashinto. The Constitution provides for freedom of religion, and the government respects this right in practice.