Jerzy Zdrada Jerzy Zdrada Jerzy Zdrada (1936–present) is a Polish historian and politician. He is a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences and a professor at the Jagiellonian University since 1993. As a historian, he specializes in the history of Poland in the 19th century. He was an activist of the Solidarity movement in communist Poland. After the fall of communism, he was a member of the Democratic Union (UD) and Freedom Union (UW) parties. He was a deputy to the Polish parliament (Sejm) from 1989 to 1997. Afterwards, he was a Deputy Minister in the cabinet of Jerzy Buzek (1997–2001).
Prime Minister of Sweden Sweden had been exercised through the King in Council. Constitutional reform provided a new Instrument of Government which "de jure" established the parliamentary system and created a cabinet government with constitutional powers not derived from the Crown. Whenever a Prime Minister resigns, dies, or is forced from office by the Riksdag, the Speaker of the Riksdag asks the Prime Minister (or their deputy) to keep the government as a caretaker government until a successor has been elected. The Speaker then holds consultations with the party leaders and appoints a Prime Minister-designate, who is submitted for approval to the Riksdag. If