Computation of cyclic redundancy checks may use whichever form is more convenient. Parallel update for a byte or a word at a time can also be done explicitly, without a table. This is normally used in high-speed hardware implementations. For each bit an equation is solved after 8 bits have been shifted in. The following tables list the equations for some commonly used polynomials, using following symbols: As the CRC-32 polynomial has a large number of terms, when computing the remainder a byte at a time each bit depends on several bits of the previous iteration. In byte-parallel hardware implementations this calls for either multiple-input
Women in computing in Canada Computing: The Pacific Northwest Celebration of Women in Computing: In 2014/2015, Ontario Celebration of Women in Computing and Pacific Northwest Celebration of Women in Computing joined forces and became the Canadian Celebration of Women in Computing (CAN-CWiC): Many of the statistics reported by Canadian studies and agencies are similar to those found in North America as a whole. In the US, the percentage of computer science degrees awarded to women dropped from 37.1% to 26.7% between 1984 and 1998. As well, a recent survey indicated that less than 12% were awarded to women in 2010-2011. Like Canada, the US has