Pottok the Losino, the Galician, the Landais, and the Monchino horses. Tests have revealed considerable genetic differences between populations in the Northern Basque Country and the Southern Basque Country, leading some to consider them separate breeds. Some claim the Pottok's origins derive from the horses on ancient cave paintings in the area and thus claim to descend from the Magdalenian horses of 14,000–7000 BC. Other link its origins to an influx of horses during the Bronze Age. However, neither of these theories has to date been scientifically verified. Genetic research by the University of the Basque Country's Genetics, Physical Anthropology and
Basque breeds and cultivars varieties include: A variety of mild peppers with AOC certification, grown in the Northern Basque Country in the Espelette area. Pelua cherries are an early Basque black cherry cultivar. Xapata () cherries are a variety of black cherry with a very short fruiting season, lasting only a few weeks around June. They are cultivates mainly in the area around the Lapurdian town of Itxassou. Several breeds of animals are common both in the Basque Country and other regions straddling the Pyrenees. The Pirenaica is a breed of cattle found in the Basque Country, Aragon and Catalonia. There were more than