Parshvanatha "ganadharas", such as in the Digambara text "Avasyaka niryukti". They believe that Svayambhu was the chief male mendicant ("sadhu"). Svetambara texts such as "Samavayanga" and "Kalpa-sutra" mention Pushpakula as the chief female mendicant ("aryika", "sadhvi") among the female followers of Parshvanatha, whereas the "Digambara" text "Tiloyapannati" states she was Suloka or Sulocana. The "Nirgranthas" (fetter-less) monastic tradition started by Parshvanatha was influential in ancient India, with the parents of Mahavira belonging to it as lay householders supporting the ascetics. According to the "Svetambara" Jain tradition, Parshva and the ascetic community he established followed a Fourfold Restraint. In contrast, Mahavira stipulated
Digambara Samiyar Digambara Samiyar Digambara Samiyar (தமிழ்: திகம்பர சாமியார், English: "Digambara Monk (Or) Digambara Saint") is 1950 Indian Tamil Thriller film directed by T. R. Sundaram and produced under his own production company Modern Theatres. The film was inspired by Vaduvoor K. Duraisamy Ayyangar's novel "Digambara Samiyar". The film script was written by Vaduvoor K. Duraisamy Ayyangar, Ko. Tha. Shanmuga Sundaram and Sinorino. Music was by G. Ramanathan and S. M. Subbaiah Naidu. The film starred M. N. Nambiar and D. Balasubramaniam playing lead roles, with M. S. Draupadi, P. V. Narasimha Bharathi V. K. Ramasamy T. K. Ramachandran and M. G.