Modern western square dance of "patter calls" and "singing calls", the two types of square dance calls. The logos shown on the right are the international square dance logo and the modern Alliance of Round, Traditional and Square-Dance logo. Modern western square dancing is a non-competitive activity. There are no dance competitions, and apart from fun events, no prizes are ever offered or sought for 'best dancer' or 'best square'. Particularly at the 'challenge' levels there is large degree of personal satisfaction to be gained from the problem solving element of completing a dance. At all levels the main elements are to enjoy the
Double Irish arrangement and also the world's largest tax haven. In September 2018, Zucman and Wright showed that U.S. corporates were the largest users of BEPS tools, representing almost half of all BEPS activity. The concentration of BEPS activity impacted Ireland's economy in a number of ways: An "artificially inflated GDP-per-capita statistic", is a feature of tax havens, due to the BEPS flows. In February 2017, Ireland's national accounts became so distorted by BEPS flows that the Central Bank of Ireland replaced Irish GDP and Irish GNP with a new economic measure, Irish Modified GNI*. However, in December 2017, Eurostat reported that Modified