Brownish elaenia the Xingu River in the south of Pará state, North Region, Brazil; it ranges upstream on the Xingu for 700 km, then a tributary to the west of the Xingu, the Rio Iriri, for another 700 km. The next upstream tributary for the bird's range, is the Madeira River in the Amazon Basin's southwest, Amazonas state. The range proceeds 2400 km upstream into the headwaters of the Madeira in northern Bolivia. To the west the brownish elaenia's range continues as the Amazon River becomes the Marañón River and proceeds to the headwaters in northern Peru; this is also along the
South Fork American River Creek, and Silver Fork American River. Most of the watershed consists of high, forested mountains and steep-sided valleys that receive up to of annual precipitation, except for the westernmost section which consists of drier foothill country. The river also contributes about a third of the total outflow of the American River system. According to a U.S. Geological Survey stream gage at Lotus, about above Folsom Lake, the average discharge was from 1951 to 1995. The highest recorded flow was on January 1, 1997 (see ), and the lowest monthly mean was in July 1977. Rafting and Kayaking The South Fork