Fear of needles Fear of needles Fear of needles, known in medical literature as needle phobia, is the extreme fear of medical procedures involving injections or hypodermic needles. It is occasionally referred to as "aichmophobia" or "belonephobia", although these terms may also refer to a more general fear of sharply pointed objects. It has also been referred to as "trypanophobia", although the origin and proper usage of that term is highly controversial. The condition was officially recognized in 1994 in the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th edition) as a specific phobia of blood/injection/injury type. Phobic level responses to injections cause sufferers to
Irrational number if complex number exponentiation is used). An example that provides a simple constructive proof is The base of the left side is irrational and the right side is rational, so one must prove that the exponent on the left side, formula_17, is irrational. This is so because, by the formula relating logarithms with different bases, which we can assume, for the sake of establishing a contradiction, equals a ratio "m/n" of positive integers. Then formula_19 hence formula_20 hence formula_21 hence formula_22, which is a contradictory pair of prime factorizations and hence violates the fundamental theorem of arithmetic (unique prime factorization).