Isotoxal figure 2-dimensional tessellation constructed from regular polygons is isotoxal. For instance, the truncated icosahedron (the familiar soccerball) has two types of edges: hexagon-hexagon and hexagon-pentagon, and it is not possible for a symmetry of the solid to move a hexagon-hexagon edge onto a hexagon-pentagon edge. An isotoxal polyhedron has the same dihedral angle for all edges. There are nine convex isotoxal polyhedra formed from the Platonic solids, 8 formed by the Kepler–Poinsot polyhedra, and six more as quasiregular (3 | p q) star polyhedra and their duals. There are at least 5 polygonal tilings of the Euclidean plane that are isotoxal,
Peptide plane flipping Peptide plane flipping Peptide plane flipping is a type of conformational change that can occur in proteins by which the dihedral angles of adjacent amino acids undergo large-scale rotations with little displacement of the side chains. The plane flip is defined as a rotation of the dihedral angles φ,ψ at amino acids "i" and "i+1" such that the resulting angles remain in structurally stable regions of Ramachandran space. The key requirement is that the "sum" of the ψ angle of residue "i" and the φ angle of residue "i+1" remain roughly constant; in effect, the flip is a crankshaft move