Target angle submarine observer estimating target angle pictures himself on the target ship looking back at the submarine. Relative bearing of the submarine is the clockwise angle in degrees from the heading of the target ship to a straight line drawn from the target ship to the submarine. When target angle is 0° (or 360° ) the target ship is coming directly toward the submarine. Target angles between 0° and 90° indicate the target ship is moving toward and to the right of the submarine. Target angles between 90° and 180° indicate the target ship is moving to the right and away
Degrees of freedom (statistics) Gosset did not actually use the term 'degrees of freedom', he explained the concept in the course of developing what became known as Student's t-distribution. The term itself was popularized by English statistician and biologist Ronald Fisher, beginning with his 1922 work on chi squares. In equations, the typical symbol for degrees of freedom is "ν" (lowercase Greek letter nu). In text and tables, the abbreviation "d.f." is commonly used. R. A. Fisher used "n" to symbolize degrees of freedom but modern usage typically reserves "n" for sample size. Geometrically, the degrees of freedom can be interpreted as the dimension