Welding welding was invented in 1893, and around that time another process, oxyfuel welding, became well established. Acetylene was discovered in 1836 by Edmund Davy, but its use was not practical in welding until about 1900, when a suitable torch was developed. At first, oxyfuel welding was one of the more popular welding methods due to its portability and relatively low cost. As the 20th century progressed, however, it fell out of favor for industrial applications. It was largely replaced with arc welding, as advances in metal coverings (known as flux) were made. Flux covering the electrode primarily shields the base
James Manning (scientist) Reader in 1982. Manning was "a shrewd and exceptional clinician – highly skilled at the laboratory bench – an excellent committee man – (with) diplomacy and breadth of experience". Manning married Grace O'Brien in 1943 and they had one daughter and four sons, one of whom is the British New Zealand atmospheric scientist, Martin Manning. James Manning (scientist) James Dermot Manning (born in Georgetown, British Guyana on 10 September 1917 and died in Wellington, New Zealand on 30 June 1989) was a surgeon, pathologist and public health administrator. He was a leading authority on the laboratory diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis. Manning