Xingu Indigenous Park notable. He sought a city which Europeans had heard rumor of since their early 16th-century colonial contact, and he disappeared in the jungle in 1925. David Grann wrote an article about his exploration, followed by an expanded book, "The Lost City of Z" (2009) on the same subject and with the same title. It documents those early explorations. It also explores archeological evidence found since the late 20th century of large-scale indigenous civilizations that pre-date Spanish and Portuguese contacts and colonization. Xingu Indigenous Park The Xingu Indigenous Park (, pronounced ) is an indigenous territory of Brazil, first created in
Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests many smaller blackwater rivers including the Pacajá and Anapu tributaries of the Amazon River, the Bacajá and Fresco tributaries of the Xingu, and the Parauapebas and Catete tributaries of the Tocantins. The ecoregion is in the neotropic ecozone and the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests biome. The Köppen climate classification is "Am": equatorial, monsoonal. Temperatures are fairly steady throughout the year, slightly higher in April and slightly lower in July. Average temperatures range from , with a mean of . The region is drier than the ecoregions further to the west. In the middle Xingu annual rainfall is .