Trough battery spaces between the plates (the troughs) were filled with dilute sulfuric acid. So long as the box was not knocked about, there was no risk of electrolyte spillage. Trough battery The trough battery was a variant of Alessandro Volta's Voltaic Pile and was invented by William Cruickshank c. 1800. Volta's battery consisted of brine-soaked pieces of cloth sandwiched between zinc and copper discs, piled in a stack. This resulted in electrolyte leakage as the weight of the discs squeezed the electrolyte out of the cloth. Cruickshank solved this problem by laying the battery on its side in a rectangular box.
Buffalo Electric Carriage "Buffalo Tonneau" was a tonneau model. It could seat 4 passengers and sold for US$3000. The dual electric motors, situated at the rear of the car, produced 5 hp (3.7 kW) each and used a 40-cell pasted plate battery. The car weighed 3600 lb (1633 kg). Buffalo Electric Carriage Buffalo Electric Carriage Company was a Brass Era manufacturer of electric automobiles in Buffalo, New York. The 1904 "Buffalo Stanhope" was a stanhope model. It could seat 2 passengers and sold for US$1650. The single electric motor produced 2.5 hp (1.9 kW). The car weighed 1800 lb (816 kg). The 1904