Political appointments in the United States federal government until 1883. In 1820 Congress limited federal administrators to four-year terms, which led to constant turnover; by the 1860s and the Civil War, patronage had led to widespread inefficiency and political corruption. Although it used to be confined to cabinet positions, department heads, and foreign ambassadorships, by the 1860s patronage had spread to low-level government positions. This meant that when the incumbent political party lost a presidential election, the federal government underwent wholesale turnover. On July 2, 1881, Charles J. Guiteau, a disaffected and mentally unstable political office seeker, assassinated President James Garfield. This highlighted how much the
Aberdeen F.C. (1881) Aberdeen F.C. (1881) Aberdeen Football Club were a Scottish football team formed in 1881. On 14 April 1903 they merged with the two other Aberdeen clubs Victoria United and Orion to form the current Aberdeen Football Club. The club's first-ever game was a 1–4 defeat at Coupar Angus. Aberdeen played their first Scottish Cup tie against Dundee Harp in 1882. The club won its first trophy in 1888, the Aberdeenshire Cup. In 1891, Aberdeen became a founder member of the newly formed Northern League. On 1 February 1899, the club moved into Pittodrie Stadium which had previously been a dung