Less-than sign (and SGML and XML), the less-than sign is used at the beginning of tags. The less-than sign may be included with codice_2. The less-than-or-equal-to sign may be included with codice_3. In an inequality, the less-than sign always "points" to the smaller number. Put another way, the "jaws" (the wider section of the symbol) always direct to the larger number. Less-than sign The "less-than sign" is a mathematical symbol that denotes an inequality between two values. The widely adopted form of two equal-length strokes connecting in an acute angle at the left, <, has been found in documents dated as far
Degrees of freedom (statistics) the vectors of residuals are constrained to lie in a space of smaller dimension than the number of components in the vector. That smaller dimension is the number of degrees of freedom for error, also called residual degrees of freedom. Perhaps the simplest example is this. Suppose are random variables each with expected value μ, and let be the "sample mean." Then the quantities are residuals that may be considered estimates of the errors "X" − μ. The sum of the residuals (unlike the sum of the errors) is necessarily 0. If one knows the values of any "n" −