Political appointments in the United States federal government until 1883. In 1820 Congress limited federal administrators to four-year terms, which led to constant turnover; by the 1860s and the Civil War, patronage had led to widespread inefficiency and political corruption. Although it used to be confined to cabinet positions, department heads, and foreign ambassadorships, by the 1860s patronage had spread to low-level government positions. This meant that when the incumbent political party lost a presidential election, the federal government underwent wholesale turnover. On July 2, 1881, Charles J. Guiteau, a disaffected and mentally unstable political office seeker, assassinated President James Garfield. This highlighted how much the
Female president of the United States in popular culture which began in 2012, Bellamy Young plays Melody Margaret Grant, who becomes the first female president of the United States. In the 2012 Finnish-German-Australian film "Iron Sky", Stephanie Paul plays a female president of the United States as a Sarah Palin-esque parody. In the 2011-2012 English-language Franco-Canadian TV series "", Sally Sheridan appears in two episodes. Mimi Kuzyk plays Sally Sheridan, who becomes the first female president of the United States, but is assassinated. Kuzyk previously appeared as United States President Sally Sheridan in the miniseries "", in which Sheridan is also assassinated. In the HBO TV series "Veep", which