Stereotypes of East Asians in the United States forms of racial discrimination or social issues in American society at large, and that their community is thriving, having "gained" socioeconomic success through their own merit. Fu Manchu and Charlie Chan are two important and well-known fictional East Asian characters in America's cultural history. Created by Sax Rohmer and Earl Derr Biggers in the early part of the 20th century, Fu Manchu is the embodiment of America's imagination of a threatening mysterious East Asian people while Charlie Chan is an apologetic submissive Chinese-Hawaiian detective who represents America's archetypal "good" East Asian. Both characters found widespread popularity in numerous novels and
Charlie Chan (composer) downloads and music ecommerce in Australia. Chan has since moved on into the field of application development, partnering with several technology firms to develop new music distribution models. A "Soundscapes" feature article summarised Chan's musical career this way: "Charlie Chan is a refreshing change. … She composes and she improvises (with) fluency and simplicity … the wide appeal of her music is attested to by the amount of work she (is) commissioned to write and perform." As a composer for feature films, TV series, documentaries, dance and theatre productions, Chan has myriad screen and stage musical credits. These include soundtracks