London Wall who overran Hadrian's Wall in the 180s. It may be linked to the political crisis that emerged in late 2nd century when the governor of Britain Clodius Albinus was consolidating his power after claiming the right of succession as Roman emperor. After a struggle with his rival, Septimius Severus, Albinus was defeated in 197 AD at the Battle of Lugdunum (near Lyon, France). The economic stimulus provided by the wall and Septimius's subsequent campaigns in Scotland improved Londinium's financial prosperity in the early 3rd century. The wall's gateways coincided with their alignment to the British network of Roman roads. The
Vestiges of the Gallo-Roman wall, Grenoble to the construction of the wall in the end of the 3rd century AD, the Gallic city of Cularo (Grenoble) was surrounded by a fence and a ditch. During the Roman Peace (Pax Romana) period (27 BC to 180 AD), the walls were not guarded. In the 3rd century, the city was weakened by the invasion of barbarians, so the Gallo-Romans built a surrounding wall, under the rule of the Emperor Diocletian. The wall surrounding Cularo covered 9 hectares of land and had two main gates. At the time, the city had an approximate population of 2000 inhabitants. Cularo appears