American Polygraph Association proponents of the control question technique of polygraph admission, which includes asking questions designed to gain a greater physiological response from innocent subjects being given a polygraph. About 10 years before the founding of the APA, a future president of the organization, Chris Gugas, demonstrated the polygraph before a national television audience with Groucho Marx on the comedian's show "You Bet Your Life". The American Polygraph Association has been embroiled in lawsuits over the years over allegations of unfair treatment, the most recent of which has occurred in 2013. American Polygraph Association The American Polygraph Association (APA) is a professional
Given name by the parents at birth. In informal situations, given names are often used in a familiar and friendly manner. In more formal situations, a person's surname is more commonly used—unless a distinction needs to be made between people with the same surname. The idioms "on a first-name basis" and "being on first-name terms" refer to the familiarity inherent in addressing someone by their given name. By contrast, a surname (also known as a family name, last name, or "gentile" name), which is normally inherited, is typically shared with other members of one's immediate family. Regnal names and religious or monastic