Polygraph (duplicating device) lift of the principal pen grasped by the user from the paper to be transferred to the copying pen. Original polygraphs may be viewed at a number of locations around the world. Some United States locations: The original American patent document for the polygraph, issued to John J. Hawkins on May 17, 1803, was lost in a Patent Office fire in 1836. The "Griffin Discovery Room" at Monticello contains a simplified and durable version, intended for use by children. An image of this version in use may be seen here. Polygraph (duplicating device) A Polygraph is a device that produces
What Is a Nation? What Is a Nation? "What is a Nation?" ("Qu'est-ce qu'une nation?") is an 1882 lecture by French historian Ernest Renan (1823–1892), known for the statements that a nation is "a daily referendum", and that nations are based as much on what the people jointly forget, as what they remember. It is frequently quoted or anthologized in works of history or political science pertaining to nationalism and national identity. Renan wrote "What is a Nation" in order to symbolize the nationalism which was born in France as a result of the French Revolution of 1789. Renan begins his essay by noting