Hindu texts Vedas: the Rigveda, the Yajurveda, the Samaveda and the Atharvaveda. Each Veda has been subclassified into four major text types – the Samhitas (mantras and benedictions), the Aranyakas (text on rituals, ceremonies, sacrifices and symbolic-sacrifices), the Brahmanas (commentaries on rituals, ceremonies and sacrifices), and the Upanishads (text discussing meditation, philosophy and spiritual knowledge). The Upanishads are a collection of Hindu texts which contain some of the central philosophical concepts of Hinduism. The Upanishads are commonly referred to as "Vedānta", variously interpreted to mean either the "last chapters, parts of the Veda" or "the object, the highest purpose of the Veda".
Glossary of ancient Roman religion laws, and science of Etruscan religion and cosmology was known as the "disciplina Etrusca". Divination was a particular feature of the "disciplina". The Etruscan texts on the "disciplina" that were known to the Romans are of three kinds: the "libri haruspicini" (on haruspicy), the "libri fulgurales" (lightning), and the "libri rituales" (ritual). Nigidius Figulus, the Late Republican scholar and praetor of 58 BC, was noted for his expertise in the "disciplina". Extant ancient sources on the "Etrusca disciplina" include Pliny the Elder, Seneca, Cicero, Johannes Lydus, Macrobius and Festus. The adjective "divus", feminine "diva", is usually translated as "divine." As