Hexagon has no degrees of freedom but can seen as directed edges. Hexagons of symmetry g2, i4, and r12, as parallelogons can tessellate the Euclidean plane by translation. Other hexagon shapes can tile the plane with different orientations. The 6 roots of the simple Lie group , represented by a Dynkin diagram , are in a regular hexagonal pattern. The two simple roots have a 120° angle between them. The 12 roots of the Exceptional Lie group G2, represented by a Dynkin diagram are also in a hexagonal pattern. The two simple roots of two lengths have a 150° angle between
Real projective plane of the (equivalent) ordinary disk are identified with each other; this is how a real projective plane is formed out of a disk. Therefore the surface shown in Figure 1 (cross-cap with disk) is topologically equivalent to the real projective plane "RP". The points in the plane can be represented by homogeneous coordinates. A point has homogeneous coordinates ["x" : "y" : "z"], where the coordinates ["x" : "y" : "z"] and ["tx" : "ty" : "tz"] are considered to represent the same point, for all nonzero values of "t". The points with coordinates ["x" : "y" : 1] are