Treaty of Alliance (1960) Treaty of Alliance (1960) The 1960 Treaty of Alliance was an international agreement regarding the control and administration of the island of Cyprus. It was signed by the governments of Greece, Turkey and Cyprus in Nicosia in August, 1960. Cyprus attained independence from the United Kingdom on 16 August 1960 through the Zürich and London Agreement. The Treaty of Alliance was a simultaneous attempt to defuse the dangerous Cyprus dispute which existed between Greece and Turkey. A major element of the treaty was its specification of the exact number of Greek and Turkish troops which could remain in the new
Independence movement in Puerto Rico but the US granted citizenship to island residents. Despite these failures, De Diego became known as the "Father of the Puerto Rican Independence Movement." The newly created Puerto Rico Union Party advocated allowing voters to choose among non-colonial options, including annexation, an independent protectorate, and full autonomy. Another new party called the Puerto Rico Independence Party emerged, founded by Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón in 1912, which promoted Puerto Rico's independence. That same year, Scott Colón, Zeno Gandía, Matienzo Cintrón, and Luis Lloréns Torres wrote a manifesto for independence. The Independence Party was the first party in the history of the island