Polygraph (duplicating device) lift of the principal pen grasped by the user from the paper to be transferred to the copying pen. Original polygraphs may be viewed at a number of locations around the world. Some United States locations: The original American patent document for the polygraph, issued to John J. Hawkins on May 17, 1803, was lost in a Patent Office fire in 1836. The "Griffin Discovery Room" at Monticello contains a simplified and durable version, intended for use by children. An image of this version in use may be seen here. Polygraph (duplicating device) A Polygraph is a device that produces
What Is a Nation? to the reasons based on race, geography, history and so on. They argue that Renan maintains his intellectual background but subtly, i.e. the arguments he explicitly used in "What is a Nation?" are not consistent with his thinking. The concept of "daily plebiscite" would be ambiguous. They argue that the definition is an opportunist idealization and it should be interpreted within the Franco-Prussian War and in the midst of the dispute concerning the Alsace-Lorraine region. What Is a Nation? "What is a Nation?" ("Qu'est-ce qu'une nation?") is an 1882 lecture by French historian Ernest Renan (1823–1892), known for the statements