Hindu texts the Vedas to be "apauruṣeya", which means "not of a man, superhuman" and "impersonal, authorless". The knowledge in the Vedas is believed in Hinduism to be eternal, uncreated, neither authored by human nor by divine source, but seen, heard and transmitted by sages. Vedas are also called ' ("what is heard") literature, distinguishing them from other religious texts, which are called ' ("what is remembered"). The Veda, for orthodox Indian theologians, are considered revelations, some way or other the work of the Deity. In the Hindu Epic the Mahabharata, the creation of Vedas is credited to Brahma. There are four
Religion and environmentalism ideas that are in line with environmentalism, such as wu wei, moderation, compassion and Taoist animism. Parallels were found between Taoism and deep ecology. Pioneer of environmentalism John Muir was called "the Taoist of the West". Rosenfeld wrote 'Taoism is environmentalism'. In Jainism, the ancient and perhaps timeless philosophical concepts, like "Parasparopagraho Jivanam", were more recently compiled into a Jain Declaration on Nature, which describes the religion's inherent biocentrism and deep ecology. () Religions of the World and Ecology Book Series: Other Texts: Religion and environmentalism Religion and environmentalism is an emerging interdisciplinary subfield in the academic disciplines of religious