Lemon battery Lemon battery A lemon battery is a simple battery often made for the purpose of education. Typically, a piece of zinc metal (such as a galvanized nail) and a piece of copper (such as a penny) are inserted into a lemon and connected by wires. Power generated by reaction of the metals is used to power a small device such as a light emitting diode (LED). The lemon battery is similar to the first electrical battery invented in 1800 by Alessandro Volta, who used brine (salt water) instead of lemon juice. The lemon battery illustrates the type of chemical reaction
Electric vehicle battery battery). In 2012, McKinsey Quarterly linked battery prices to gasoline prices on a basis of 5-year total cost of ownership for a car, estimating that $3.50/gallon equate to $250/kWh. In 2017 McKinsey estimated that electric cars are competitive at a battery pack cost of $100/kWh (around 2030), and expects pack costs to be $190/kWh by 2020. In October 2015, car maker GM revealed at their annual Global Business Conference that they expected a price of $145 per kilowatt hour for Li-ion cells entering 2016. Driving range parity means that the electric vehicle has the same range than an average all-combustion