Geography of Indonesia is responsible for the creation of the Sunda Trench, and mountain ranges across Sumatra, Java, and the Lesser Sunda Islands. Many great earthquakes occurred in the vicinity of the fault, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. Mount Merapi, located in the Java portion of the megathrust, is the most active volcano in Indonesia and is designated as one of world's Decade Volcanoes due to the hazard it poses to the surrounding populated areas. The northern part of Sulawesi and Maluku Islands lie on the convergence of Sunda Plate and Molucca Sea Plate, making it an active tectonic region with
Hjort Trench below sea level. To the east, the Hjort ridge follows the general curve of the trench, separating the trench from the Hjort Plateau. The Hjort trench lies in an area of transpression where the plate boundary transitions from a transform boundary to a convergent one. As such, this region provides an example of how a transform boundary with a vertical or near-vertical transform fault becomes an area of under-thrusting. Hjort Trench The Hjort Trench is a linear topographic depression south of Macquarie Island in the southwest Pacific Ocean. Geologically, the depression is considered to be the seafloor expression of an