Spandau Citadel, built in 1594, the 1848 St. Marien am Behnitz Catholic church designed by August Soller, and Spandau arsenal, Germany's arms development center until 1919, now a museum. That arsenal's Spandau machine gun inspired the slang "Spandau Ballet" to describe dying soldiers on barbed wire during the First World War, and later was applied to the appearance of Nazi war criminals hanged at Spandau Prison. The notorious prison, built in 1876, held Nazi war criminals after World War II until 1987, when it was demolished after the death of the last surviving prisoner, Rudolf Hess. In 1979, the English New
Imperial Japanese Navy in World War II the end of World War II, numerous Special Attack Units (Japanese: 特別攻撃隊, "tokubetsu kōgeki tai", also abbreviated to 特攻隊, "tokkōtai") were developed for suicide missions, in a desperate move to compensate for the annihilation of the main fleet. These units included "Kamikaze" ("Divine Wind") bombers, "Shinyo" ("Sea Quake") suicide boats, "Kairyu" ("Sea Dragon") suicide midget submarines, "Kaiten" ("Turn of Heaven") suicide torpedoes, and "Fukuryu" ("Crouching Dragon") suicide scuba divers who would swim under boats and use explosives mounted on bamboo poles to destroy both the boat and themselves. "Kamikaze" planes were particularly effective during the defense of Okinawa, in which