Free fatty acid receptor 2 Free fatty acid receptor 2 Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) is a G-protein coupled receptor encoded by the FFAR2 gene. FFAR2 mRNA is expressed in adipose tissue, pancreas, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. FFAR2 transcription is regulated by the XBP1 transcription factor which binds to the core promoter. Mouse studies utilizing Ffar2 gene deletions have implicated the receptor in the regulation of energy metabolism and immune responses. Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA's) generated in the processing of fiber by intestinal microbiota act as ligands for the receptor and can affect neutrophil chemotaxis. However, discrepancies
Generative tissue becoming a living tissue. To date, the types of gTissue created can be characterized as variants of soft connective tissues including dermis, tendon, ligament, and fascia. Initially the cell-free ECM biomaterial is implanted and progressively adopted by the host. Immediately upon surgical implantation, the porous material becomes soaked in blood. This seeds the material with a population of circulating stem cells, and growth factors to support gTissue development. As generation progresses, the growth factors, cytokines, and fibrin provisional matrix signals host cells to repopulate the matrix. To support the metabolic activity of these cells, a vascular network is simultaneously created