Gendai budō Gendai budō , literal meaning "modern budo", or , literally meaning "new budo" are both terms referring to modern Japanese martial arts, which were established after the Meiji Restoration (1866–1869). Koryū are the opposite of these terms referring to ancient martial arts established before the Meiji Restoration. Any martial art created after the Meiji Restoration of 1868 is Gendai Budo. Koryu Budo are schools of budo that predate 1868. Some examples of Gendai budō are aikido, judo, karate and shorinji kempo. The Japanese art of sumo is often defined as a gendai budō. This definition is incorrect as sumo is
Japanese particles (written using a hiragana character with no other use in modern Japanese, originally assigned as "wo", now usually pronounced "o", though some speakers render it as "wo"). These exceptions are a relic of historical kana usage. There are eight types of particles, depending on what function they serve. Note that some particles appear in two types. For example, ""kara"" is a "case marker" where it describes where something is from or what happens after something; when it describes a cause it is a "conjunctive particle". "Ni" and "de" can both be used to show location, corresponding to the prepositions "in"