Catholic Church and Nazi Germany during World War II of collusion between the late Cardinal Verdier and the Jews". Verdier had described World War II as "a crusade ... We are struggling to preserve the freedom of people throughout the world, whether they be great or small peoples, and to preserve their possessions and their very lives. No other war has had aims that are more spiritual, moral, and, in sum, more Christian". On September 9, the Bishop of Quimper was arrested for opposing Nazi plans for Brittany. The Bishop of Strasbourg was prevented from returning from Vichy France to his dioceses and his Cathedral was closed to the
Morocco in World War II attempting to flee Morocco in favour of America or Palestine, were moved to detention centres, with some refugees who were considered a threat to the Vichy regime being sent to Moroccan labour camps. The American landings in 1942, were hoped by the Jews to mean the end of the Vichy laws, but General Nogues persuaded the Allies to allow for the continuation of French rule and Vichy laws, meaning the discrimination continued. The Moroccan Nationalist movement gained momentum in Morocco in World War II. Nationalists in Spanish Morocco created the 'National Reform Party' and the 'Moroccan Unity Movement', which united