Artificial heart valve was later changed to use silicone-coated material. The first implantation of mechanical heart valve to human was performed by Dr. Hufnagel on 11 September 1952, using the valve that he developed. This event accelerated the development of other artificial heart valves. Artificial heart valve An artificial heart valve is a device implanted in the heart of a patient with valvular heart disease. When one of the four heart valves malfunctions, the medical choice may be to replace the natural valve with an artificial valve. This requires open-heart surgery. Valves are integral to the normal physiological functioning of the human heart.
Artificial human companion selling rail or airline tickets. The core issue in all such systems is the dialog manager which is the element of system that determines what the system should say next and so appear intelligent or compliant with the task at hand. This research, along with work on computing emotion, speech research and Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs) has led to the beginnings of more companionable systems, particularly for the elderly. The EU supported Companions Project is a 4-year, 15-site project to build such companions, based at the University of Sheffield. Artificial human companion Artificial human companions may be any kind of