Umbilical cord postpartum hemorrhage or neonatal mortality, low Apgar score. On the other hand, delayed clamping resulted in an increased birth weight of on average about 100 g, and an increased hemoglobin concentration of on average 1.5 g/dL with half the risk of being iron deficient at three and six months, but an increased risk of jaundice requiring phototherapy. In 2012, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists officially endorsed delaying clamping of the umbilical cord for 30–60 seconds with the newborn held below the level of the placenta in all cases of preterm delivery based largely on evidence that it reduces
The Authors' Circular of Journalism (which prepared students for the examinations of the Institute of Journalists was printed in each issue, giving insight into the practical art of journalism as it was then conceived. Early in 1898, Charles Norris, secretary of the English School of Journalism, who was intimately involved in the production of its journal, died which destabilised the publication and its continuation. The Authors' Circular The Authors' Circular was a short-lived monthly publication of 16 pages running from January to April 1898. It was subtitled the "Official Organ of the English School of Journalism". It aimed to "foster business relations between