Nicolaus Copernicus surviving primary documents on the early years of Copernicus's childhood and education. Copernicus biographers assume that Watzenrode first sent young Copernicus to St. John's School, at Toruń, where he himself had been a master. Later, according to Armitage, the boy attended the Cathedral School at Włocławek, up the Vistula River from Toruń, which prepared pupils for entrance to the University of Kraków, Watzenrode's alma mater in Poland's capital. In the winter semester of 1491–92 Copernicus, as "Nicolaus Nicolai de Thuronia", matriculated together with his brother Andrew at the University of Kraków (now Jagiellonian University). Copernicus began his studies in the
Nicolas Rapin "La Douche"), and at times idealized and Neoplatonic ("L'Amour philosophe"). He also wrote eclogues praising the country life, as in Horace ("Les Plaisirs du gentilhomme champestre", 1575 and "Elegie Patorale pour un Adieu", 1581-3), epitaphs on war ("Le Siège de Poitiers") and occasional verse of consolation, victory and other matters. His satirical vein is most apparent in his contributions to the Satire Ménippée (1593/1594) which railed against the Holy League. Finally, his will and the 30 letters by Rapin that have survived are important documents of late-Renaissance humanism in France. Nicolas Rapin Nicolas Rapin (1535 – 16 February 1608) was