Ancient Greece and wine help satisfy demand. Wine historians have theorized that the Greeks may have introduced viticulture to Spain and Portugal, but competing theories suggest that the Phoenicians probably reached those areas first. The grape clusters, vines and wine cups that adorn Greek coins from classical times bear witness to the importance of wine to the ancient Greek economy. With every major trading partner, from the Crimea, Egypt, Scythia, Etruria and beyond, the Greeks traded their knowledge of viticulture and winemaking, as well the fruits of their own production. Millions of amphora pieces bearing the unique seals of various city-states and Aegean islands
Names of the Greeks the colonists and then for all Greeks; this became the root of all relevant terms in European languages. The Persians used the name "Yaunas" ("Yunans") after the Ionians, a Greek tribe who colonized part of the coasts of western Asia Minor. The term was used later in Hebrew ("Yevanim", ), Arabic, and also by the Turks. The word entered the languages of the Indian subcontinent as the "Yona". A unique form is used in Georgian, where the Greeks are called "Berdzeni" (ბერძენი). By Late Antiquity (c. 3rd–7th century CE), the Greeks referred to themselves as "Graikoi" (, "Greeks") and "Rhomaioi"/"Romioi"