Geography of Indonesia is responsible for the creation of the Sunda Trench, and mountain ranges across Sumatra, Java, and the Lesser Sunda Islands. Many great earthquakes occurred in the vicinity of the fault, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. Mount Merapi, located in the Java portion of the megathrust, is the most active volcano in Indonesia and is designated as one of world's Decade Volcanoes due to the hazard it poses to the surrounding populated areas. The northern part of Sulawesi and Maluku Islands lie on the convergence of Sunda Plate and Molucca Sea Plate, making it an active tectonic region with
1994 Java earthquake 1994 Java earthquake The 1994 Java earthquake occurred on June 3 at off the coast of Indonesia. The epicenter was off the eastern part of the southern Java coast, near the east end of the Java Trench. This earthquake occurred with a moment magnitude of 7.8 in a region which is characterized as having a weak seismic coupling. Earthquakes with slow rupture velocities are the most efficient tsunami generators, and this earthquake was classified as a tsunami earthquake. The tsunami reached Java and Bali, with runups up to on the east Java coast and up to on the southwestern Bali