Gemstone usually found in. For example, diamonds, which have a cubic crystal system, are often found as octahedrons. Gemstones are classified into different "groups", "species", and "varieties". For example, ruby is the red variety of the species corundum, while any other color of corundum is considered sapphire. Other examples are the emerald (green), aquamarine (blue), red beryl (red), goshenite (colorless), heliodor (yellow) and morganite (pink), which are all varieties of the mineral species beryl. Gems are characterized in terms of refractive index, dispersion, specific gravity, hardness, cleavage, fracture and luster. They may exhibit pleochroism or double refraction. They may have luminescence
USS Aquamarine (PYc-7) named for the gemstone aquamarine. Assigned to the Naval Research Laboratory, Bellevue, D.C., "Aquamarine" assisted in experimental work, chiefly underwater sound. Although most of her experiments were conducted on the Potomac River and Chesapeake Bay, she also operated off New London, Connecticut, from 16 October to 4 November 1943, and off the Florida coast and in the Bahamas from 24 January 1944 to 18 April 1945. During 1945 and 1946 "Aquamarine" had additional duty as special tender to the presidential yachts and . "Aquamarine" was decommissioned on 21 June 1946 and transferred to the Maritime Commission on 31 January 1947