Anatolian Tigers European Stability Initiative that was focused on Kayseri uses the term "Islamic Calvinists" to define the entrepreneurs and their values. Several business awards or conferences in Turkey draw reference from the term "Anatolian Tigers" or its variants. The term was copied after the "Asian Tigers". According to the 2005 Istanbul Chamber of Industry's annual ranking of Turkey's top 1000 industrial enterprises, the adjacent table contains cities which best fit the definition of Anatolian Tigers. Among these cities Trabzon has one company in top 25. Anatolian Tigers Anatolian Tigers () is a term internationally used in the context of the Turkish
Anatolian beyliks with the Battle of Köse Dağ in 1243 which had the indirect consequence of extending the Turkic territory in Western Anatolia toward the end of the 13th century. Three Anatolian regions remained Christian until their defeat and Ottoman conquest: Combined with the Seljuqs and the immigration of Turkic tribes into the Anatolian mainland the Anatolian Beyliks spread Turkish and Islamic influence in Anatolia. Unlike the Seljuqs, whose language of administration was Persian, the Anatolian emirates adopted spoken Turkish as their formal literary language. The Turkish language achieved widespread use in these principalities and reached its highest sophistication during the Ottoman