François Charles Archile Jeanneret languages at Upper Canada College from 1912 to 1913, and joined the staff of the University of Toronto's University College in 1913. From 1926 to 1941, he directed the Ontario Ministry of Education's oral French course for teachers at Quebec City and was honored by Laval University. He was named an Officer d'Academie in 1940 by France, and was later awarded a medal from the French government in 1959 and the Pierre Chauveau Medal from the Royal Society of Canada. When he returned to the University of Toronto, Jeanneret took on several positions, including chairman of the university's School of
Gris-gris (talisman) by practitioners of Voodoo. However, the practice soon changed, and the gris-gris were thought to bring black magic upon their 'victim.' Slaves would often use the gris-gris against their owners and some can still be seen adorning their tombs. During this period, there were also reports of slaves cutting, drowning or otherwise manipulating the gris-gris of others in order to cause harm. Although in Haiti, gris-gris are thought to be a good amulet and are used as part of a widely practised religion; in the Cajun communities of Louisiana, gris-gris are thought to be a symbol of black magic and