Thermosphere gas and the ionospheric plasma. The International Space Station orbits the Earth within the middle of the thermosphere, between . It is convenient to separate the atmospheric regions according to the two temperature minima at about 12 km altitude (the tropopause) and at about 85 km (the mesopause) (Figure 1). The thermosphere (or the upper atmosphere) is the height region above 85 km, while the region between the tropopause and the mesopause is the middle atmosphere (stratosphere and mesosphere) where absorption of solar UV radiation generates the temperature maximum near 45 km altitude and causes the ozone layer. The density
Protein S (Myxococcus xanthus) Protein S (Myxococcus xanthus) Protein S is a protein found in "Myxococcus xanthus". Its name derives from being the "S" band in an alphabetical ordering of proteins run from Myxococcus xanthus cell contents on a SDS-denaturing gel. Its study was initially prompted by the huge increase in Protein S production during sporulation of Myxococcus xanthus. Though it has been purported as recently as 1994 that Protein S enables myxospores of Myxococcus xanthus higher resistance to endure heating, desiccation, UV radiation and sonication no such evidence exists. The work that cites claims no such evidence: and there are other studies that