Stratosphere the stratosphere temperatures increase with altitude "(see temperature inversion)"; the top of the stratosphere has a temperature of about 270 K (−3°C or 26.6°F). This vertical stratification, with warmer layers above and cooler layers below, makes the stratosphere dynamically stable: there is no regular convection and associated turbulence in this part of the atmosphere. However, exceptionally energetic convection processes, such as volcanic eruption columns and overshooting tops in severe supercell thunderstorms, may carry convection into the stratosphere on a very local and temporary basis. Overall the attenuation of solar UV at wavelengths that damage DNA by the ozone layer allows
The Languages of Tolkien's Middle-earth are all the languages in "The Lord of the Rings", except for Entish (of which no real examples are given; the closest we get is Elvish words strung together in an Entish manner, a sort of Ent pidgin). The Languages of Tolkien's Middle-earth The Languages of Tolkien's Middle-earth is a book on the languages of Middle-earth by Ruth S. Noel. The first edition, entitled "The Languages of Middle-earth", was published in 1974 by Mirage Press, Baltimore. The revised version was published in 1980 by Houghton Mifflin. Ruth S. Noel, also known as Atanielle Annyn Noel, is the author of "The