Great Ormond Street Hospital with water on the brain (hydrocephalus), and non-invasive (percutaneous) heart valve replacements. They did the first UK clinical trials of the rubella vaccine, and the first bone marrow transplant and gene therapy for severe combined immunodeficiency. It is closely associated with University College London (UCL) and in partnership with the UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, which is adjacent to it, is the largest centre for research and postgraduate teaching in children's health in Europe. In 1929, J. M. Barrie donated the copyright to "Peter Pan" to the hospital. After a long campaign by Dr. Charles West, the
Children's hospital was slow to follow and established The Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, England, in 1852, which marked the opening of the first British children's hospital. The United States would soon follow and established The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania in 1855. Canada established their first children's hospital in 1875; The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Ontario, along with the latter all remain open today. By the end of the 19th century, and the during the first two decades of the 20th century, the number of children's hospitals tripled in both Canada and the United States. The first