Vapor-compression refrigeration replaced, such as sulfur dioxide. Haloalkanes are also an order(s) of magnitude more expensive than petroleum derived flammable alkanes of similar or better cooling performance. Unfortunately, chlorine- and fluorine-bearing refrigerants reach the upper atmosphere when they escape. In the stratosphere, CFCs break up due to UV radiation, releasing their chlorine free radicals. These chlorine free radicals act as catalysts in the breakdown of ozone through chain reactions. One CFC molecule can cause thousands of ozone molecules to break down. This causes severe damage to the ozone layer that shields the Earth's surface from the Sun's strong UV radiation, and has
Zombies of the Stratosphere dummy running along a wire, were first used in Republic's "Darkest Africa" (1936) and with greater impact in their "Adventures of Captain Marvel" serial (1941). "Zombies of the Stratosphere"s official release date is July 16, 1952, although this is actually the date the sixth chapter was made available to film exchanges. This was followed by the release of , which had been filmed around the productions of Zombies (three episodes before, the remaining nine afterwards) as a projected twelve-part TV series but which was theatrically issued instead. In this latter film, Judd Holdren played a masked Cody and Aline Towne