François Charles Archile Jeanneret François Charles Archile Jeanneret François Charles Archile Jeanneret (November 18, 1890 – 1967) was the 22nd Chancellor of the University of Toronto, holding the position from 1959 to 1965. Jeanneret was born in Elmira, Ontario, Canada on November 18, 1890. He graduated with honors from Berlin Collegiate and played on the school's soccer team, winning the Dominion Football Association championship. After high school, Jeanneret attended the University of Toronto, the University of Chicago, and finally the University of Paris in Paris, France. When he completed his academic studies, he took a position as the head of the department of modern
Gris-gris (talisman) originates with the French "joujou" meaning doll or play-thing. It has otherwise been attributed in scholarly sources to the Mandingo word meaning "magic." The gris-gris originated in Dagomba in Ghana and was associated with Islamic traditions. Originally the gris-gris was adorned with Islamic scripture and was used to ward off evil spirits (evil djinn) or bad luck. Historians of the time noted that they were frequently worn by non-believers and believers alike, and were also found attached to buildings. The practice of using gris-gris, though originating in Africa, came to the United States with enslaved Africans and was quickly adopted