Is the glass half empty or half full? shown that a speaker's choice of frame can reflect their knowledge of the environment, and that listeners can be sensitive to this information. Is the glass half empty or half full? "Is the glass half empty or half full?" is a common expression, a proverbial phrase, generally used rhetorically to indicate that a particular situation could be a cause for optimism (half full) or pessimism (half empty), or as a general litmus test to simply determine an individual's worldview. The purpose of the question is to demonstrate that the situation may be seen in different ways depending on one's point
Acidity function is uncommon. Hammett-type acidity functions are defined in terms of a buffered medium containing a weak base B and its conjugate acid BH: where p"K" is the dissociation constant of BH. They were originally measured by using nitroanilines as weak bases or acid-base indicators and by measuring the concentrations of the protonated and unprotonated forms with UV-visible spectroscopy. Other spectroscopic methods, such as NMR, may also be used. The function "H" is defined similarly for strong bases: Here BH is a weak acid used as an acid-base indicator, and B is its conjugate base. In dilute aqueous solution, the predominant