Litmus test (politics) Litmus test (politics) A litmus test is a question asked of a potential candidate for high office, the answer to which would determine whether the nominating official would proceed with the appointment or nomination. The expression is a metaphor based on the litmus test in chemistry, in which one is able to test the general acidity of a substance, but not its exact pH. Those who must approve a nominee, such as a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, may also be said to apply a litmus test to determine whether the nominee will receive their vote.
Alkalinity with salinity. This mixing pattern is most important in late winter and spring, because snowmelt increases the river’s outflow. As the season progresses into summer, river processes are less significant, and current mixing can become the dominant process. Oceanic alkalinity also follows general trends based on latitude and depth. It has been shown that A is often inversely proportional to sea surface temperature (SST). Therefore, it generally increases with high latitudes and depths. As a result, upwelling areas (where water from the deep ocean is pushed to the surface) also have higher alkalinity values. Throughout recent history, there have been