Quick bread leavening agents include a weak base, such as baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) plus a weak acid, such as cream of tartar, lemon juice, or cultured buttermilk, to create an acid–base reaction that releases carbon dioxide. (Quick bread leavened specifically with baking soda is often called "soda bread".) Baking powder contains both an acid and a base in dry powdered form, and simply needs a liquid medium in which to react. Other alternative leavening agents are egg whites mechanically beaten to form stiff peaks, as in the case of many waffle recipes, or steam, in the case of cream puffs. Nevertheless,
Flour extraction the larger flour particles to increase loaf volume while retaining the majority of the nutritional bran and germ elements along with the endosperm. This is accomplished by direct extraction of the fine whole grain flour output of impact or attrition mills. Millers have been able to match the finer particle size distribution of low extraction roller milled white flour (72% extraction) that eliminated all the bran and germ elements with a higher +88% extraction that retains most of them. Flour extraction Flour extraction is the common process of refining Whole Grain Flour first milled from grain or grist by running