President of the Senate U.S. federal government was established in 1789. The vice president with the most tie breaking votes is John Adams (served 1789–1797) with 29. The current Vice President Mike Pence, in office since January 2017, has cast seven tie-breaking votes. In state governments of the United States, the presiding officer of the state senate (the upper house) is a matter decided by the state's constitution. Some states designate the lieutenant governor as president of the senate, while in other states, the Senate elects its own president. The Tennessee Senate elects a senator Speaker of the Senate, who is given the title
President-elect of the United States Administrator to ascertain who the apparent election winner is, and to help facilitate the basic functioning of the president-elect's transition team. By convention, during the period between the election and the inauguration, the president-elect actively prepares to carry out the duties of the office of president and works with the outgoing (or lame duck) president to ensure a smooth handover of all presidential responsibilities. Incumbent presidents who have won re-election for a second term are generally not referred to as president-elect, as they are already in office and are not waiting to become president. Likewise, if a vice president succeeds