Bird migration as they ride the "roaring forties" outside the breeding season. The tubenoses spread widely over large areas of open ocean, but congregate when food becomes available. Many are also among the longest-distance migrants; sooty shearwaters "Puffinus griseus" nesting on the Falkland Islands migrate between the breeding colony and the North Atlantic Ocean off Norway. Some Manx shearwaters "Puffinus puffinus" do this same journey in reverse. As they are long-lived birds, they may cover enormous distances during their lives; one record-breaking Manx shearwater is calculated to have flown 8 million km (5 million miles) during its over-50 year lifespan. Some large
Trevor H. Worthy the Waitomo frog ("Leiopelma waitomoensis"). In the 1990s Worthy discovered several fossil bird species new to science, including the long-billed wren ("Dendroscansor decurvirostris") in 1991, Scarlett's shearwater ("Puffinus spelaeus") in 1991, and the Niue night heron ("Nycticorax kalavikai") in 1995. In 1991 he also described the Northland skink, a fossil skink species new to science. In 1998 Worthy excavated subfossil bones in Fiji, where he found remains of the flightless Viti Levu giant pigeon ("Natunaornis gigoura"), the Viti Levu scrubfowl ("Megapodius amissus"), the Viti Levu snipe ("Coenocorypha miratropica"), the giant Fiji ground frog ("Platymantis megabotoniviti"), and the small freshwater crocodile