Bird migration as they ride the "roaring forties" outside the breeding season. The tubenoses spread widely over large areas of open ocean, but congregate when food becomes available. Many are also among the longest-distance migrants; sooty shearwaters "Puffinus griseus" nesting on the Falkland Islands migrate between the breeding colony and the North Atlantic Ocean off Norway. Some Manx shearwaters "Puffinus puffinus" do this same journey in reverse. As they are long-lived birds, they may cover enormous distances during their lives; one record-breaking Manx shearwater is calculated to have flown 8 million km (5 million miles) during its over-50 year lifespan. Some large
Tropical shearwater Tropical shearwater The tropical shearwater ("Puffinus bailloni") is a seabird in the family Procellariidae formerly considered conspecific with Audubon's shearwater ("Puffinus lherminieri"). There are five listed subspecies of the tropical shearwater: The tropical shearwater is found in the tropical parts of the western Indian Ocean from east Africa to southern India and in similar regions of the Pacific from just to the southeast of Japan to French Polynesia. The total population has not been definitively quantified. Subspecies "P. b. dichrous" is estimated to number 1,000–10,000 pairs on the Line Islands and 10,000–100,000 pairs on the Phoenix Islands, with the nominate