Fluorescent lamp began with the Geissler tube continued as even better vacuums were produced. The most famous was the evacuated tube used for scientific research by William Crookes. That tube was evacuated by the highly effective mercury vacuum pump created by Hermann Sprengel. Research conducted by Crookes and others ultimately led to the discovery of the electron in 1897 by J. J. Thomson and X-rays in 1895 by Wilhelm Roentgen. But the Crookes tube, as it came to be known, produced little light because the vacuum in it was too good and thus lacked the trace amounts of gas that are needed
Kaiser Wilhelm II Land 370 metre high extinct volcano which was named after the mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss. Kaiser Wilhelm II Land Kaiser Wilhelm II Land (also Wilhelm II Coast) is the part of Antarctica lying between Cape Penck, at 87°43'E, and Cape Filchner, at 91°54'E and is claimed as part of the Australian Antarctic Territory, although this claim is not universally recognized. The area was discovered on February 22, 1902 during the Gauss expedition (1901-1903), led by Arctic veteran and geology professor Erich von Drygalski. Drygalski named it after Kaiser Wilhelm II who had funded the expedition with 1.2 million Goldmarks.