Chancellor of Germany was usually held by Archbishops of Mainz. The title was, at times, used in several states of German-speaking Europe. The modern office of chancellor was established with the North German Confederation, of which Otto von Bismarck became "Bundeskanzler" (meaning "Federal Chancellor") in 1867. With the enlargement of this federal state to the German Empire in 1871, the title was renamed to "Reichskanzler" (meaning "Chancellor of the Realm"). With Germany's constitution of 1949, the title of "Bundeskanzler" was revived. During the various eras, the role of the chancellor has varied. From 1867 to 1918, the chancellor was the only responsible minister
Allaire Iron Works Stoudinger built the engine and boiler for the last steamboat contracted for by the Fulton shop, the "Chancellor Livingstone", which was completed about a year later. Stoudinger himself died shortly after completion of "Chancellor Livingstone", after which Allaire decided to move Fulton's equipment from its location in New Jersey to his brassworks at Cherry St., New York. With the consolidation of his business at the Cherry St. plant, Allaire renamed it the Allaire Iron Works. In 1817, the Allaire Iron Works supplied the engine cylinder for "Savannah", the first steamship to make a transatlantic crossing. The cylinder, one of the