UEFA Euro 2012 Final the reportedly unpredictable Adidas Jabulani used at the 2010 World Cup. Pedro Proença, representing the Portuguese Football Federation, was chosen by UEFA as the official referee of the final. He first became an international referee in 2003, and the same year in June, Proença officiated an 2003 Intertoto Cup first round match between Žalgiris and Örgryte. Proença had previously been in charge of two UEFA finals, the 2004 UEFA Under-19 Championship Final between Turkey and Spain, and the 2012 UEFA Champions League Final between Chelsea and Bayern Munich. He has also refereed nine other Champions League matches, and 18 UEFA
Pedro II of Brazil in the Paraguayan War upon the Brazilian province of Rio Grande do Sul. News of the Paraguayan invasions was received with surprise both by the Brazilian government and public. Brazil had previously discounted the war-making potential of neighboring Paraguay. Pedro II, along with most Brazilians, was infuriated at what were seen as unjustified attacks and felt that punitive measures were justified in response. This resolve was strengthened by the Emperor's general antipathy towards all "caudillos"—dictators who were common elsewhere in Latin America. Nevertheless, Pedro II tried to pacify the nation in a speech from the throne on 6 May 1865 during which he addressed