Slavery in Russia in the Khanate of Khiva from the 17th to the 19th century. At the beginning of the 21st century Chechens and Ingush kept Russian captives as slaves or in slave-like conditions in the mountains of the northern Caucasus. Recent (2009–2012) reports have identified human trafficking and slavery of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan nationals in contemporary Russian society. Slavery in Russia Slavery in Russia was officially abolished in 1723, when Peter the Great converted household slaves to serfs. In 2013, Global Slavery Index reported that unsatisfactory living conditions of migrant workers who for a number of reasons can not obtain work permits
1861 in New Zealand 1861 in New Zealand The following lists events that happened during 1861 in New Zealand. A ceasefire is reached in the First Taranaki War, with British efforts to defeat Māori disaffected over land purchases having largely failed. Prosperity comes to the south with the onset of the Central Otago Gold Rush. Within a year the population of the Tuapeka goldfields is twice that of Dunedin. The general election of 1860–61 concludes on 28 March having begun on 12 December the previous year. The 3rd Parliament commences. The first National Rifle Shooting Championships is held. This is the oldest national championships