German philosophy German philosophy German philosophy, here taken to mean either (1) philosophy in the German language or (2) philosophy by Germans, has been extremely diverse, and central to both the analytic and continental traditions in philosophy for centuries, from Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz through Immanuel Kant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Arthur Schopenhauer, Karl Marx, Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger and Ludwig Wittgenstein to contemporary philosophers. Søren Kierkegaard (a Danish philosopher) is frequently included in surveys of German (or Germanic) philosophy due to his extensive engagement with German thinkers. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) was both a philosopher and a mathematician who wrote primarily in
Lars Bergström (philosopher) Lars Bergström (philosopher) Lars Bergström is a Swedish philosopher and professor of practical philosophy at Stockholm University. In 2017, he was awarded the "Rettigska priset" by the Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities for his "internationally influential philosophical authorship and his valuable contributions to the philosophical discussion in Sweden". Bergström received his PhD in 1966. His dissertation "The Alternatives and Consequences of Actions" attracted considerable international attention and sparked a lively and extensive discussion in professional philosophical journals. He served as a professor of practical philosophy at the University of Uppsala from 1974 until 1987, when he assumed