History of the Canadian Army out of Canada and the responsibility for defending the naval bases at Halifax and Esquimalt was assigned to the militia. The fact the Royal Military College in Kingston only offered instruction in English and English was the sole language of command ensured that French-Canadians were under-represented in the officer corps as English was generally not taught in Quebec's Catholic schools. Sir Samuel Hughes, who became the minister of defence and militia in 1911 after the Conservatives won the general election that year, become the dominating force in Canadian defence policy. Hughes was described by the Canadian historian René Chartrand as
Official language rejected. It has also been described as necessary for the recognition of different groups or as an advantage for the country in presenting itself to outsiders. In accordance with "Chapter 1, Article 16" of the Constitution of Afghanistan, the Afghan government gives equal status to Pashto and Dari as official languages. Belarusian and Russian have official status in the Republic of Belarus. In accordance with the "Constitution Act, 1982" the (federal) Government of Canada gives equal status to English and French as official languages. The Province of New Brunswick is also officially bilingual, as is the Yukon. Nunavut has four