Raymond Chandler is "The Big Sleep" (1946), by Howard Hawks, with Humphrey Bogart as Philip Marlowe. William Faulkner was a co-writer of the screenplay. Chandler's few screenwriting efforts and the cinematic adaptation of his novels proved stylistically and thematically influential on the American "film noir" genre. Notable for its revised take on both the Marlowe character, transplanting the novel to the 1970s, is Robert Altman's 1973 neo-noir adaptation of "The Long Goodbye". Chandler was also a perceptive critic of detective fiction; his essay "The Simple Art of Murder" is the canonical essay in the field. Raymond Chandler Raymond Thornton Chandler (July 23,
Film adaptation Meryl Streep for the role, Helen became a significant part of the film. However, characters are also sometimes invented to provide the narrative voice. There have been several notable cases of massive inventive adaptation, including the Roland Joffe adaptation of "The Scarlet Letter" with explicit sex between Hester Prynn and the minister and Native American obscene puns into a major character and the film's villain. The Charlie Kaufman and "Donald Kaufman" penned "Adaptation", credited as an adaptation of the novel "The Orchid Thief", was an intentional satire and commentary on the process of film adaptation itself. All of those are