Chancellor of Germany was not even re-installed. In the 1871 German Empire, the imperial chancellor ("Reichskanzler") served both as the emperor's first minister, and as presiding officer of the Bundesrat, the upper chamber of the German parliament. He was neither elected by nor responsible to Parliament (the "Reichstag"). Instead, the chancellor was appointed by the emperor. The federal level had four organs: Technically, the foreign ministers of the empire's states instructed their states' deputies to the federal council (Bundesrat) and therefore outranked the chancellor. For this reason, Prince Bismarck (as he was from 1871 onwards) continued to serve as both prime minister and
Friedrich von Müller (statesman) Kanzler Friedrich von Müller" (Stuttgart, 1870). Friedrich von Müller (statesman) Friedrich von Müller (13 April 1779 - 21 October 1849) was a German statesman. He was born at Kunreuth, Bavaria, studied law at Erlangen and Göttingen, and in 1801 entered the administrative employ of Weimar. His greatest political achievement was his inducing Napoleon to keep Weimar independent (1806–07). For this he was rewarded by being ennobled and raised to the post of privy councilor. Müller became chancellor in 1815, and from 1835 to 1848 was deputy. He wrote "Erinnerungen aus den Kriegszeiten von 1806-13" (1851). On his friendship with Goethe,