Emancipation reform of 1861 century. In Congress Poland, serfdom had been abolished before it became Russian (by Napoleon in 1807). Serfdom was abolished in governorates of Estonia in 1816, in Courland in 1817, and in Livonia in 1819. In 1797, Paul I of Russia decreed that corvee labor was limited to 3 days a week, and never on Sunday, but this law was not enforced. Beginning in 1801, Alexander I of Russia appointed a committee to study possible emancipation, but its only effect was to prohibit the sale of serfs without their families. Beginning in 1825, Nicholas I of Russia expressed his desire for
Crime in Russia or four times a month, 30% three times a week or more, and 35% every day or almost every day. Homicide/murder rate in Russia has fallen dramatically in the last two decades. The homicide rate in Russia more than tripled between 1988 and 1994 and was among the highest in the world. However, by 2017, the murder rate in Russia was only slightly higher than in the US (6 versus 5.6) . Compared to Russia, murder rates in large American cities are vastly higher -- for example, it's 17 in Miami and 55 in Baltimore. In 1998, a total of