Nationality law of the People's Republic of China territory "before or after" their transfer of sovereignty to China are regarded as "born in China". Those who are of ethnic Chinese origin are Chinese nationals before and after the handovers. Having said that, people born in Hong Kong or Macao in the years before handover, were usually given British nationality (mostly British Dependent Territories Citizenship) and full Portuguese citizenship, based on British and Portuguese laws. For Hong Kong residents, the "Interpretation" of the Nationality Law was adopted at the Nineteenth Session of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on May 15, 1996, a year prior to
The Quality of Nationality Index proportionately on the basis of the ranking scale used by the GPI. External factors identify the quality of opportunities and diversity the holder of a nationality can pursue outside the country of origin. Diversity of Travel Freedom is based on how many destinations the holder of a particular nationality can visit without a visa or with a visa-on-arrival for short-term tourist or business purposes. The data is sourced from the International Air Transport Association IATA. The diversity of Travel Freedom accounts for 15% of the total QNI General Ranking scale. Weight of Travel Freedom evaluates the quality of the travel