Masonry oven India, tandoors are traditional clay ovens, although these days modern electrically fired tandoors are available. The open-topped tandoor is a transitional design between the earth oven and the Roman-plan masonry oven. In the precolumbian Americas, similar ovens were often made of clay or adobe and are now referred to by the Spanish term "horno" (meaning "oven"). Horns are also traditional in the American Southwest. The traditional direct-fired masonry design is often called a "Roman" or "black" oven and dates in Western culture to at least the Roman Republic. It is known as a black oven because the fire generates soot
Moorish oven the ovens are located near the historic centers of Madrid municipalities. The name comes from the use made during the Al-Andalus era of "Aljezares" in the production of plaster. These furnaces were in production until mid-century. Moorish oven A moorish oven ("hornos morunos" in Spanish) is a traditional clay wood-fired oven. Calera is a type of Moorish traditional oven for the manufacture of plaster. It is commonly used in Morocco and environs. During the Moorish period, the plaster produced was intended to erect walls on the humble homes of Madrid. Its use dates back to the early Middle Ages, and