Continental drift plate tectonics theory. In particular, the English geologist Arthur Holmes proposed in 1920 that plate junctions might lie beneath the sea, and in 1928 that convection currents within the mantle might be the driving force. Holmes' views were particularly influential: in his bestselling textbook, "Principles of Physical Geology," he included a chapter on continental drift, proposing that Earth's mantle contained convection cells which dissipated radioactive heat and moved the crust at the surface. Holmes' proposal resolved the phase disequilibrium objection (the underlying fluid was kept from solidifying by radioactive heating from the core). However, scientific communication in the '30 and
Society for the Study of the Sudans UK Centre in Rutland Gate. More recently, international conferences have been convened in collaboration with the U.S.-based Sudan Studies Association (SSA) in Durham, England (2000), Washington DC (2003), Bergen, Norway (2006), Pretoria (2009) and Bonn (2012). Sandy Sanderson was the Society's second president, followed by the Sudanese novelist Tayeb Salih. The name was changed in 2016 to reflect the independence of South Sudan. Society for the Study of the Sudans UK The Society for the Study of the Sudans UK (SSSUK) is the largest UK-based professional association for scholars of Sudan and South Sudan. Founded in 1986, the Society's "overall aim