Roentgen (unit) Roentgen (unit) The roentgen or röntgen () (symbol R) is a legacy unit of measurement for the exposure of X-rays and gamma rays. It is defined as the electric charge freed by such radiation in a specified volume of air divided by the mass of that air. In 1928 it was the first international measurement quantity for ionising radiation to be defined for radiation protection, and was an easily replicated method of measuring air ionization directly by using an ion chamber. It is named after the German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen, who discovered X-rays. Although relatively easy to measure, it had
Ludwig Wilhelm Sachs "Geheimen Medizinalrat" (private medical advisor). Ludwig Wilhelm Sachs Ludwig Wilhelm Sachs (29 December 1787 in Groß-Glogau – 17 June 1848 in Königsberg) was a German physician. From 1807 studied medicine at the universities of Königsberg, Berlin and Göttingen, receiving his doctorate at the latter institution with the dissertation-thesis ""De Humorum corporis animalis vi vitali"" (1812). He later served as a physician in war-time hospitals in Königsberg, and in 1816 obtained his habilitation. In 1818 he became an associate professor at Königsberg, followed by a full professorship in 1826. In 1832 he was named director of the medical clinic, then in