Western painting critic Robert Coates. Abstract expressionism, Action painting, and Color Field painting are synonymous with the New York School. Technically Surrealism was an important predecessor for Abstract expressionism with its emphasis on spontaneous, automatic or subconscious creation. Jackson Pollock's dripping paint onto a canvas laid on the floor is a technique that has its roots in the work of André Masson. Another important ear<nowiki>ly m</nowiki>anifestation of what came to be abstract expressionism is the work of American Northwest artist Mark Tobey, especially his "white writing" canvases, which, though generally not large in scale, anticipate the "all over" look of Pollock's drip
DRIP-seq of different sizes. For massive parallel sequencing of these fragments, the immunoprecipitated material is sonicated, size selected and ligated to barcoded oligonucleotide adaptors for cluster enrichment and sequencing. To detect sites of R-loop formation, the hundreds of millions of sequencing reads from DRIP-seq are first aligned to a reference genome with a short-read sequence aligner, then peak calling methods designed for ChIP-seq can be used to evaluate DRIP signals. If different cocktails of restriction enzymes were used for different DRIP-seq experiments of the same sample, consensus DRIP-seq peaks are called. Typically, peaks are compared against those from a corresponding RNase