Being and Time essence of being is time is the opposite of Hegel's view that being is the essence of time. Karl Jaspers, writing in the first volume of his work "Philosophy" (1932), credited Heidegger with making essential points about "being in the world" and also about "existence and historicity". Heidegger's work has been suggested as a possible influence on Herbert Marcuse's "Hegel's Ontology and the Theory of Historicity" (1932), though Marcuse later questioned the political implications of Heidegger's work. Jean-Paul Sartre, who wrote "Being and Nothingness" (1943) under the influence of Heidegger's work, has been said to have responded to "Being and
Being and Nothingness of metaphysics which denies or refuses grace inevitably ends by setting up in front of us the image of an atrophied and contradictory world where the better part of ourselves is finally unable to recognise itself." The philosopher Jean Wahl criticized Sartre's arguments about the topic of "nothing". The philosopher Frederick Copleston, writing in "A History of Philosophy" (1946–1986), described Sartre's view that all human actions are the result of free choice as "highly implausible", though he noted that Sartre had ways of defending his position. The British philosopher A.J. Ayer said that, apart from some psychological insights, the book