Serfdom in Russia industrial output, and peasants' nutrition in Imperial Russia as a result of the abolition of serfdom in 1861". In Russia, the terms () or (), refer to the obligatory work that the serfs performed for the landowner on his portion of the land (the other part of the land, usually of a poorer quality, the peasants could use for themselves). Sometimes the terms are loosely translated by the term "corvée". While no official government regulation to the extent of existed, a 1797 ukase by Paul I of Russia described a of three days a week as normal and sufficient for
1861 in Australian literature alphabetically by surname) of deaths in 1861 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of birth. 1861 in Australian literature This article presents a list of the historical events and publications of Australian literature during 1861. For an overview of world literature see 1861 in literature. "See also:" 1860 in Australian literature, 1861 in Australia, 1862 in Australian literature. A list, ordered by date of birth (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of births in 1861 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related