Cerium(IV) oxide used as a mixed conductor. Ceria is of interest as a material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) because of its relatively high oxygen ion conductivity (i.e. oxygen atoms readily move through it) at intermediate temperatures (500–650 °C) and lower association enthalpy compared to Zirconia system. The cerium(IV) oxide–cerium(III) oxide cycle or CeO/CeO cycle is a two step thermochemical water splitting process based on cerium(IV) oxide and cerium(III) oxide for hydrogen production. Cerium(IV) oxide Cerium(IV) oxide, also known as ceric oxide, ceric dioxide, ceria, cerium oxide or cerium dioxide, is an oxide of the rare-earth metal cerium. It is a
Dihydrogen complex agostic interaction that is displaced by the H. In other cases, H will displace anionic ligands, sometimes even halides. Treatment of chlorobis(dppe)iron hydride with sodium tetrafluorborate under and atmostphere of hydrogen is one example: Many metal hydrides can be protonated to give dihydrogen complexes: In such cases the acid usually is derived from a weakly coordinating anion, e.g., Brookhart's acid. In 1984, Kubas et al. discovered that the addition of H to the purple-colored species M(CO)(PR) gave a yellow precipitate of mer-trans-M(CO)(PR)(H) (M = Mo or W; R = cyclohexyl, iso-propyl). This result rapidly led to the discovery of a