Polish Society of Nephrology to represent nephrologists’ community i.e. to develop and promote up-to-date clinical practice in the fields of nephrology, dialysis therapy and kidney transplantation as well as to take part in health care organization in the area of Society’s competence. PSN promotes kidney health by organizing educational meetings and cooperating with patient organizations. The aim of PSN is also to promote continuous professional development, research activities and international cooperation among its members. Young Nephrologists’ Club (YNC) of the PSN was established in 2014. The aim of the YNC is to cooperate with the Young Nephrologists’ Platform of the ERA-EDTA and to promote
Circumventricular organs isoleucine, calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P and somastotin. However, these probably accumulate in the pineal but are not produced by the gland itself. Circumventricular organs Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are structures in the brain characterized by their extensive and highly permeable microvasculature, unlike those in the rest of the brain where there exists a blood brain barrier (BBB). The term "circumventricular organs" was originally proposed in 1958 by Austrian anatomist Helmut Hofer, in recognition of the distribution of the structures around the ventricular system of the brain. The circumventricular organs are midline structures around the third and fourth ventricles that are