Copper in architecture used in residential and commercial building structures. Variations in color stem primarily from differences in the alloy chemical composition. Some of the more popular copper alloys and their associated Unified Numbering System (UNS) numbers developed by ASTM and SAE are as follows: In practice, the term ‘bronze’ may be used for a variety of copper alloys with little or no tin if they resemble true bronzes in color. Further information on architectural copper alloys is available. The criteria by which copper and copper alloys are selected for architectural projects include color, strength, hardness, resistance to fatigue and corrosion, electrical and
Antimicrobial copper-alloy touch surfaces in rooms with copper touch surfaces were significantly lower than in rooms without copper surfaces. "Staphylococci" were the most predominant microorganism isolated and copper was effective in reducing the "Staphylococci" microbial burden. Further studies regarding the clinical implications of copper's intrinsic ability to reduce microbial burdens in hospitals are being planned. Researchers from the Kitasato University School of Medicine conducted antimicrobial studies of "S. aureus", "E. coli", and "P. aeruginosa" on various Japanese copper alloy coins and on copper alloy plates. The microbes were strains from hospital environments. Copper and its nickel-silver, cupronickel, and brass alloys were found to kill