International Temperature Scale of 1990 value may then be converted to, and expressed as, a value on the Fahrenheit scale (e.g. 211.953 °F). ITS–90 does not address the highly specialized equipment and procedures used for measuring temperatures extremely close to absolute zero. For instance, to measure temperatures in the nanokelvin range (billionths of a kelvin), scientists using optical lattice laser equipment to adiabatically cool atoms, turn off the entrapment lasers and simply measure how far the atoms drift over time to measure their temperature. A cesium atom with a velocity of 7 mm/s is equivalent to a temperature of about 700 nK (which was a
Planck temperature scale Planck temperature scale The Planck temperature scale is an absolute temperature scale using natural units. On this scale, 0 is absolute zero, and 1 is the Planck temperature. Quantum Theory states that the Planck temperature is the hottest possible temperature. The symbol used for this scale is "T". The freezing/melting point of water on this scale would be written 1.928 × 10"T". A way of expressing temperatures in more familiar sized units is to use centimicroyocto plank temperatures (cµy"T"). The freezing point of water is 1.928 × 10"T". By simply moving the decimal point 32 places to the right, you