Dolma leaf stuffed with sweetened cheese was called "thrion". The exact origins are unknown, but the Persian variety has been traced to at least the 17th century and in the 19th century Naser al-Din Shah Qajars chef records several varieties including stuffed grape leaves, cabbage leaves, cucumbers, eggplants, apples, and quinces. The recorded stuffings included ground meat, sauteed mint, rice and saffron. Dolma is a common dish in Iraqi cuisine, which includes a version of stuffed cabbage leaves, onions in aubergines cooked in tomato sauce. Syrians, Lebanese, Palestinians, Iraqis and Iranians have been making stuffed grape leaves for centuries. Over time,
Vine copula Bayesian networks. In finance, vine copulas have been shown to effectively model tail risk in portfolio optimization applications. The first regular vine, avant la lettre, was introduced by Harry Joe. The motive was to extend parametric bivariate extreme value copula families to higher dimensions. To this end he introduced what would later be called the "D-vine". Joe was interested in a class of n-variate distributions with given one dimensional margins, and "n"("n" − 1) dependence parameters, whereby "n" − 1 parameters correspond to bivariate margins, and the others correspond to conditional bivariate margins. In the case of multivariate normal distributions,