Group 11 element Parkes process. These metals, especially silver, have unusual properties that make them essential for industrial applications outside of their monetary or decorative value. They are all excellent conductors of electricity. The most conductive of all metals are silver, copper and gold in that order. Silver is also the most thermally conductive element, and the most light reflecting element. Silver also has the unusual property that the tarnish that forms on silver is still highly electrically conductive. Copper is used extensively in electrical wiring and circuitry. Gold contacts are sometimes found in precision equipment for their ability to remain corrosion-free. Silver
Distributed element circuit implement the circuit in this form, it is merely an intermediate step in the design process. Distributed element designs with conductor pairs are limited to a few specialist uses such as Lecher lines and the twin-lead used for antenna connections. Coaxial line, a centre conductor surrounded by a shielding conductor, is widely used for interconnecting units of microwave equipment. It is also used for longer distance transmissions. Manufacture of coaxial distributed element devices was common in the second half of the 20th century. However, these types in many applications have been replaced by planar forms due to cost and size