Nephrology guidance, of a core biopsy needle into the kidney to obtain a small sample of kidney tissue. The kidney tissue is then examined under a microscope, allowing direct visualization of the changes occurring within the kidney. Additionally, the pathology may also stage a problem affecting the kidney, allowing some degree of prognostication. In some circumstances, kidney biopsy will also be used to monitor response to treatment and identify early relapse. Treatments in nephrology can include medications, blood products, surgical interventions (urology, vascular or surgical procedures), renal replacement therapy (dialysis or kidney transplantation) and plasma exchange. Kidney problems can have significant
Polish Society of Nephrology of Science chaired by Professor Tadeusz Orłowski and Nephrology Section of the Polish Society of Internal Medicine chaired by Professor Kazimierz Trznadel. The main initiator of establishment of PSN was Professor Franciszek Kokot, who was then an active member of international nephrology societies i.e. European Dialysis and Transplantation Association. The last conference of the Nephrology Section of the Polish Society of Internal Medicine was thereby the First Funding Congress of PSN. During the Congress Society’s Statute was established and the first Board was elected. The first President of PSN was Professor Tadeusz Orłowski. The main aim of the Society is