Polish Society of Nephrology Polish Society of Nephrology Polish Society of Nephrology (PSN; Polish: Polskie Towarzystwo Nefrologiczne) – non-profit medical-scientific association, established in 1983, with a current headquarters in Warsaw that unites nephrologists, physicians and other scholars, experts and professionals in the fields of kidney diseases, dialysis therapy and renal transplantation. Polish Society of Nephrology was established during the First Funding Congress, which was held in September 1983 in Bydgoszcz and registered in the District Court in Łódź. To that time there were two separate societies gathering doctors and other health care professionals specialized in kidney diseases - Nephrology Committee of the Polish Academy
Transplantable organs and tissues a procedure carried out to replace both heart and lungs in a single operation. Due to a shortage of suitable donors, it is a rare procedure; only about a hundred such transplants are performed each year in the United States. The patient is anesthetised. When the donor organs arrive, they are checked for fitness; if any organs show signs of damage, they are discarded and the operation cancelled. In order to avoid removal of recipient organs when donor organs are not viable, it is standard procedure that the patient is not operated on until the donor organs arrive and are