Culture of the United Kingdom battleship the "Bismarck" in May 1941. In 1952, "OXO" (or "Noughts and Crosses"), created by computer scientist Alexander S. Douglas, is regarded as a contender for the first video game. In "OXO", the computer player could play perfect games of tic-tac-toe against a human opponent. In the 1960s, John Shepherd-Barron invented the cash machine (ATM) and James Goodfellow invented Personal identification number (PIN) technology, and on 27 June 1967, the first cash machine was established outside a branch of Barclays Bank in Enfield, north London. Dolly the sheep, the first mammal successfully cloned from an adult somatic cell (by scientists
Mammal destruction]], though there are efforts to combat this. [[File:Mammal species pie chart.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|The orders [[Rodent]]ia (blue), [[Chiroptera]] (red) and [[Soricomorpha]] (yellow) together make up over 70% of mammal species. Mammal classification has been through several iterations since [[Carl Linnaeus]] initially defined the class. No classification system is universally accepted; McKenna & Bell (1997) and Wilson & Reader (2005) provide useful recent compendiums. [[George Gaylord Simpson]]'s "Principles of Classification and a Classification of Mammals" (AMNH "Bulletin" v. 85, 1945) provides [[systematics]] of mammal origins and relationships that were universally taught until the end of the 20th century. Since Simpson's classification, the [[fossil