The Communist Manifesto Engels in their youth—that he opposed for its violent Blanquist tendencies, and later "mature" Marxism that he supported. This latter form refers to Marx in his later life acknowledging that socialism could be achieved through peaceful means through legislative reform in democratic societies. Bernstein declared that the massive and homogeneous working-class claimed in the "Communist Manifesto" did not exist, and that contrary to claims of a proletarian majority emerging, the middle-class was growing under capitalism and not disappearing as Marx had claimed. Bernstein noted that the working-class was not homogeneous but heterogeneous, with divisions and factions within it, including socialist
William Urwick the younger William Urwick the younger William Urwick the younger (1826–1905) was an Anglo-Irish nonconformist minister and antiquarian chronicler. Born at Sligo on 8 March 1826, he was second son of William Urwick the elder (1791–1868), nonconformist divine, and his wife Sarah (1791–1852), daughter of Thomas Cooke of Shrewsbury. His early education was under his father. He graduated at Trinity College, Dublin, B.A. in 1848, M.A. in 1851. From Dublin he went on to the Lancashire Independent College, Manchester, where he studied (1848–51) under Robert Vaughan and Samuel Davidson. On 19 June 1851 Urwick was ordained minister at Hatherlow, Cheshire, where he