4-8-8-2 built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works; the 145 engines built in 1930 and later had cylinders 24 inches by 32 inches, drivers 63-1/2 inches and boiler pressures of 250 psi, giving a calculated tractive effort of 123,400 lb. The locomotives were built as cab-forwards to protect engine crews from exhaust smoke in the many tunnels and snow sheds that were part of their usual routes. Southern Pacific 4294 is the only cab forward that exists today, at the California State Railroad Museum. 4-8-8-2 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, a 4-8-8-2 is a locomotive with four
Minim (unit) size of a drop can vary considerably depending upon the viscosity and specific gravity of the liquid. (At the time, the phenomenon of surface tension was not well understood.) The minim, on the other hand, was measured with a graduated glass tube known as a "minimometer", later known as the minim-tube. The minim-tube was a type of graduated pipette, a device invented in 1791 by François-Antoine-Henri Descroizilles. Apothecaries' measures are fully defined in the United Kingdom's Weights and Measures Act of 1878, but the UK's 1963 Weights and Measures Act provided for the abolition of the minim, fluid scruple, and