The Communist Manifesto New York City. However, by the mid 1870s the "Communist Manifesto" remained Marx and Engels' only work to be even moderately well-known. Over the next forty years, as social-democratic parties rose across Europe and parts of the world, so did the publication of the "Manifesto" alongside them, in hundreds of editions in thirty languages. Marx and Engels wrote a new preface for the 1882 Russian edition, translated by Georgi Plekhanov in Geneva. In it they wondered if Russia could directly become a communist society, or if she would become capitalist first like other European countries. After Marx's death in 1883,
Manifesto of the Fascist Intellectuals of the Fascist Intellectuals", among them: Although not at the Conference of Fascist Culture, the dramaturge and novelist Luigi Pirandello publicly supported the "Manifesto of the Fascist Intellectuals" with a letter. Meanwhile, the support of Neapolitan poet Di Giacomo provoked Gentile's falling out with Benedetto Croce, his intellectual mentor, who afterwards responded to the Fascist Government's proclamation with his "Manifesto of the Anti-Fascist Intellectuals". Manifesto of the Fascist Intellectuals The Manifesto of Fascist Intellectuals ("Manifesto degli Intellettuali del Fascismo", ), by the actualist philosopher Giovanni Gentile, formally establishes the political and ideologic foundations of Italian Fascism. It justifies the political