De Olifant, Burdaard Each revolution of the screw lifts of water. The drive to the Archimedes' screw that pumps water into the polder is from a 38-cog gear wheel meshing with the "great spur wheel". This drives a 25 stave gear wheel which drives a "wallower" (30 cogs). The "wallower" drives a gear wheel with 31 cogs. This drives a cast iron gear wheel with 48 teeth. This drives the Archimedes' screw via a cast iron gear wheel with 60 cogs on the axle of the Archimedes' screw. This Archimedes' screw has an axle diameter of and is diameter overall. It is inclined
Archimedes include deriving an accurate approximation of pi, defining and investigating the spiral bearing his name, and creating a system using exponentiation for expressing very large numbers. He was also one of the first to apply mathematics to physical phenomena, founding hydrostatics and statics, including an explanation of the principle of the lever. He is credited with designing innovative machines, such as his screw pump, compound pulleys, and defensive war machines to protect his native Syracuse from invasion. Archimedes died during the Siege of Syracuse when he was killed by a Roman soldier despite orders that he should not be harmed.