Commercial astronaut the 12 months prior to the proposed qualifying flight will be included as a minimum standard. FAA Commercial Astronaut Wings have been awarded to SpaceShipOne pilots Mike Melvill and Brian Binnie and to Virgin Galactic Unity pilots Mark Stucky and CJ Sturckow. Commercial astronaut A commercial astronaut is a person trained to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a privately funded spacecraft. This is distinct from an otherwise non-government astronaut, for example Charlie Walker, who flies while representing a non-government corporation but with funding and/or training coming from government sources. The definition of “astronaut” and the criteria
Chinese as a foreign language use of Westerners. Due to the status of Guangzhou as the only Chinese port open to foreign trade and exchange in the 1700s, Cantonese became the variety of Chinese that came into the most interaction with the Western world in early modern times. Foreign works on Chinese were largely centered around this variant until the opening up of other Chinese regions for commerce through unequal treaties, which exposed European scholars to a much larger number of Chinese varieties. In 1814, a chair of Chinese and Manchu was founded at the Collège de France, and Abel-Rémusat became the first Professor of