Batman predecessors in pulp fiction, comic strips, newspaper headlines, and autobiographical details referring to Kane himself. As an aristocratic hero with a double identity, Batman had predecessors in the Scarlet Pimpernel (created by Baroness Emmuska Orczy, 1903) and Zorro (created by Johnston McCulley, 1919). Like them, Batman performed his heroic deeds in secret, averted suspicion by playing aloof in public, and marked his work with a signature symbol. Kane noted the influence of the films "The Mark of Zorro" (1920) and "The Bat Whispers" (1930) in the creation of the character's iconography. Finger, drawing inspiration from pulp heroes like Doc Savage,
Which? to own Which? Ltd and retains its own name. Following the deregulation of the gas and electricity industry, "Which?" launched a free online energy comparison service called "Switch with Which?" in 2005, to compare energy tariffs. The service was awarded Energywatch Confidence Code accreditation in 2006. In the 2010 Superbrands index, "Which?" ranked fifth in the "Media — Newspapers and Magazines" category and 256th overall. "Which?" carries out systematic testing of consumer products and financial services, the results of which are published in reports in "Which? magazine" and on the "Which?" website. Tests are carried out on goods, services, and