Santa's Little Helper greyhound's lack of intelligence. In an article that compared "The Simpsons" to the animated series "Family Guy", Todd Camp of the "Fort Worth Star-Telegram" noted that "though Santa's Little Helper may be the only Simpson who's dumber than Homer, the Griffins' pooch <nowiki>[</nowiki>Brian Griffin<nowiki>]</nowiki> is the brainiest member of the household". In 1991, Copley News Service's Alison Ashton described Santa's Little Helper as a "sweet and stupid dog". Tom Coombe of "The Morning Call" wrote in 2002 that "fans of "The Simpsons" will tell you that the cartoon family's dog [...] is often dumb, disobedient and skittish. Fans of the
T helper cell because such knowledge may be very useful in the treatment of disease and in increasing the effectiveness of vaccination. Proliferating helper T cells that develop into effector T cells differentiate into two major subtypes of cells known as T1 and T2 cells (also known as Type 1 and Type 2 helper T cells, respectively). T1 helper cells lead to an increased cell-mediated response, typically against intracellular bacteria and protozoa. They are triggered by IL-12 and their effector cytokines are IFN-γ and IL-2. The main effector cells of T1 immunity are macrophages as well as CD8 T cells, IgG B cells,