Emma Orczy Emma Orczy Baroness Emma Magdolna Rozália Mária Jozefa Borbála "Emmuska" Orczy de Orci (; 23 September 1865 – 12 November 1947) was a Hungarian-born British novelist and playwright. She is best known for her series of novels featuring the Scarlet Pimpernel, the alter ego of Sir Percy Blakeney, a wealthy English fop who turns into a quick-thinking escape artist in order to save ill-fated French royalty from "Madame Guillotine" during the French revolution, establishing the "hero with a secret identity" into popular culture. Opening in London's West End on 5 January 1905, "The Scarlet Pimpernel" became a favourite of British
Cardinals created by Benedict XV Austrian Cardinal Andreas Frühwirth, who was made a cardinal at the preceding consistory, received his red hat from Pius a few days earlier. In deference to wartime conditions, Benedict created Adolph Bertram a cardinal "in pectore", that is, without his name being announced. Bertram's Polish homeland was fighting alongside Germany and Austria-Hungary against Italy and its allies. Benedict created six cardinals on 15 December 1919, three Italians, two Poles, and one Spaniard. All attended but Juan Soldevilla y Romero, Archbishop of Zaragoza, who received his red hat from King Alfonso XIII of Spain on 25 December. Bertram, created a cardinal