Advanced Chess man and machine." The concept of computer-assisted chess tournaments originated in science fiction, notably in "The Peace War" written by Vernor Vinge in 1984. The former world champion grandmaster Garry Kasparov, who retired from competitive chess in 2005, has a long history in playing "Man vs. Machine" events. Among the most important are his matches against IBM's computer Deep Blue, which Kasparov defeated in February 1996, scoring 4–2 in a 6-game match, and lost to, –, in a May 1997 rematch. This 1997 match was famous, as it was the first time in the history of chess in which a
Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov the only game in the match that Black won. "February 17". The sixth game was an illustration of just how badly computers can play in some positions. Employing anti-computer tactics and keeping the focus of the game on long-term planning, Kasparov slowly improved his position throughout the mid-game while Deep Blue wasted time doing nothing. By the end of the game, Deep Blue's pieces were crammed into its queenside corner, with no moves to make aside from shuffling its king. Kasparov had all the time in the world to finish the rout. Kasparov's next move would probably have been 44.Qe7