Malus floribunda Malus floribunda Malus floribunda, common name Japanese flowering crabapple, Japanese crab, purple chokeberry, or showy crabapple, originates from Japan and East Asia. It may be a wild species, or a hybrid of "M. sieboldii" x "M. baccata". "Malus floribunda" forms a round-headed, small deciduous tree with narrow leaves on arching branches. The flowers are white or pale pink, opening from crimson buds. The fruit is red and yellow, of about 1 cm in diameter. Tree has good disease resistance to apple scab and powdery mildew. The initiators of the PRI disease resistant apple breeding program have discovered that "Malus floribunda"
Bonus-malus in early years) but with long-term losses (which, under a traditional bonus system, would not be penalized). Such a system was proposed by Raghuram Rajan in January 2008. Author Jim Collins proposed that executives be expected to buy stock with their own money (as was done at IBM in the 1990s) taking on both up-side rewards and down-side risk. In November 2008, UBS AG announced a change to its executive compensation scheme implementing such a system, which it dubbed a "bonus-malus" system. In France, the prices of insurance are calculated as function of the car type, subscribed insurance options, and