Das Kapital and preparatory work (especially regarding the theory of surplus value), the first volume appeared in 1867 as "The Production Process of Capital". After Marx's death in 1883, from manuscripts and the first volume Engels introduced Volume II: "The Circulation Process of Capital" in 1885; and Volume III: "The Overall Process of Capitalist Production" in 1894. These three volumes are collectively known as "Das Kapital". "Capital, Volume I" (1867) is a critical analysis of political economy, meant to reveal the contradictions of the capitalist mode of production, how it was the precursor of the socialist mode of production and of the
Theories of Surplus Value 1472) running to some 200 printed sheets in length: it is the first systematically worked out draft – though still only rough and incomplete – of all four volumes of "Capital". "Theories of Surplus Value" forms the longest (about 110 printed sheets) and most fully elaborated part of this huge manuscript, and it is the first and only draft of the fourth, concluding volume of "Capital". Marx called this volume, as distinguished from the three theoretical volumes of "Das Kapital", the historical, historico-critical, or historico-literary part of his work. Marx began to write "Theories of Surplus Value" within the framework