Malus sylvestris Malus sylvestris Malus sylvestris, the European crab apple, is a species of the genus "Malus", native to Europe. Its scientific name means "forest apple" and the truly wild tree has thorns. Wild apple has an expanded crown and often appear more like a bush than a tree. It can live 80–100 years and grow up to 10 m tall with trunk diameters of 23–45 cm. Due to its weak competitiveness and high light requirement, wild apple exist mostly at the wet edge of forests, in farmland hedges or on very extreme, marginal sites. The tree is rather rare but native
Bonus-malus passenger cars emitting more than 120g of CO2 per kilometer emissions(as of 2018). This tax is paid when the registration document (called « carte grise » in french language) is done. Currently, the certificate holder must pay a penalty to the registration, according to the following rates (2018): further taxes may apply according to vehicle classification. Bonus-malus The term bonus-malus (Latin for good-bad) is used for a number of business arrangements which alternately reward (bonus) or penalize (malus). It is used, for example, in the call center and insurance industries. In call centers, a bonus-malus arrangement is a section in