Cable-stayed bridge replace older bridges all lowered the relative price of these designs. Cable-stayed bridges date back to 1595, where designs were found in "Machinae Novae", a book by Venetian inventor Fausto Veranzio. Many early suspension bridges were cable-stayed construction, including the 1817 footbridge Dryburgh Abbey Bridge, James Dredge's patented Victoria Bridge, Bath (1836), and the later Albert Bridge (1872) and Brooklyn Bridge (1883). Their designers found that the combination of technologies created a stiffer bridge. John A. Roebling took particular advantage of this to limit deformations due to railway loads in the Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge. The earliest known surviving example
Acoustic suspension acoustic suspension, with a separate, sealed air-space, even if the woofer itself is not. One notable exception to this was the Sonus Faber Stradivari Homage which uses a ported enclosure for the midrange. The two most common types of speaker enclosure are acoustic suspension (sometimes called pneumatic suspension) and bass reflex, so they are worth comparing. In both cases, the tuning affects the lower end of the driver's response but above a certain frequency, the driver itself becomes the dominant factor and the size of the enclosure and ports (if any) become irrelevant. In general, acoustic suspension systems (driver +