Das Kapital class struggle rooted in the capitalist social relations of production. The first of three volumes of "Das Kapital. Kritik der politischen Ökonomie" ("Capital. Critique of Political Economy") was published on 14 September 1867, dedicated to Wilhelm Wolff and was the sole volume published in Marx’s lifetime. "Capital, Volume II", subtitled "The Process of Circulation of Capital", was prepared by Engels from notes left by Marx and published in 1885. It is divided into three parts: "The Metamorphoses of Capital and Their Circuits", "The Turnover of Capital" and "The Reproduction and Circulation of the Aggregate Social Capital". In "Volume II", the
Biographies of Karl Marx (1925), Japanese (1930), Spanish (1932), and English (1935). Marx: Man and Fighter is a biography by Boris Nicolaievsky, first published in German in 1933. It was translated into English by Otto Mänchen-Helfen and published in 1936. Some subsequent English editions restore the notes, appendices, and bibliography omitted from the first English edition. Karl Marx: His Life and Environment is a 1939 biography of Karl Marx by Isaiah Berlin, in which Berlin argues that Marx's system of thought depends upon indefensible metaphysical presuppositions. Karl Marx: His Life and Thought is a 1973 biography of Karl Marx by political scientist David McLellan.