Malus florentina Malus florentina Malus florentina is a species of apple known by the common names Florentine crabapple and hawthorn-leaf crabapple. It is native to the Balkan Peninsula and Italy, and it is grown elsewhere as an ornamental tree. The botanical name "florentina" and common name "florentine" are remarking the source of the municipality of Florence, Italy that has a major history of botanical collection in their famous renaissance gardens, and the other common name "hawthorn-leaf" is remarking its distinct toothed leaf shape which closely resembles that of a hawthorn and is unusual for a crabapple. Tree is deciduous, upright and vase
Bonus-malus company. This strategy is called bonus hunger of the insurance customer. In this strategy, the insurance customer prefers the most profitable financial alternative, after a loss occurrence. A well-designed bonus-malus system must take bonus hunger into consideration. In executive compensation, particularly at banks, bonus-malus refers to schemes where annual bonuses are held in escrow (do not immediately vest), and can be reduced retroactively (clawed back) in case of losses in future years. The intention is to align incentives better and encouraging a long-term view in directors, by discouraging the taking of risks which may yield short-term profits (and hence bonuses