20th-century Western painting painted women, reminiscent of African tribal masks and his own new proto-Cubist inventions. Analytic cubism, exemplified by "Violin and Candlestick, Paris", was jointly developed by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque from about 1908 through 1912. Analytic cubism was followed by Synthetic cubism, characterized by the introduction of different textures, surfaces, collage elements, papier collé and a large variety of merged subject matter. Crystal Cubism was a distilled form of Cubism consistent with a shift between 1915 and 1916 towards a strong emphasis on flat surface activity and large overlapping geometric planes, practised by Braque, Picasso, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Juan
Constant Nieuwenhuys himself artistically and experimented with multiple techniques of art-making. He was inspired by Cubism, especially by Georges Braque. In 1946 his daughter Martha was born, followed by his daughter Olga in 1948. In 1946 Constant travelled to Paris for the first time where he met the young Danish painter Asger Jorn. The friendship between Jorn and Constant later formed the basis for the avant-garde movement CoBrA. July 1948 Constant founded Reflex "" with Corneille, Karel Appel and his brother Jan Nieuwenhuys. The first edition of the magazine "Reflex" was published with a manifesto written by Constant. For Constant art had