Malus coronaria Malus coronaria Malus coronaria, also known by the names sweet crabapple or garland crab, is a North American species of "Malus" (crabapple). It grows primarily in the Great Lakes Region and in the Ohio Valley, with outlying populations as far away as Alabama, eastern Kansas, Long Island, and Ontario. "Malus coronaria" often is a bushy shrub with rigid, contorted branches, but frequently becomes a small tree up to 10 meters (33 feet) tall, with a broad open crown. It prefers rich moist soil. Its flowering time is about two weeks later than that of the domestic apple, and its fragrant
Bonus-malus company. This strategy is called bonus hunger of the insurance customer. In this strategy, the insurance customer prefers the most profitable financial alternative, after a loss occurrence. A well-designed bonus-malus system must take bonus hunger into consideration. In executive compensation, particularly at banks, bonus-malus refers to schemes where annual bonuses are held in escrow (do not immediately vest), and can be reduced retroactively (clawed back) in case of losses in future years. The intention is to align incentives better and encouraging a long-term view in directors, by discouraging the taking of risks which may yield short-term profits (and hence bonuses