Viceroyalty of Peru Guayaquil and El Callao, but on 4 February he captured Valdivia, called at the time "The Key of the South Seas" and the "Gibraltar of the Pacific", due to its huge fortifications. However the viceroyalty managed to defend Chiloé Island until 1826. On September 8, 1820, the "Expedición Libertadora" of Peru, organized mainly by Argentinians and with some Peruvian and Chilean involvement, landed on the beach at Paracas Bay, near the city of Pisco, Peru. The army was under the command of José de San Martín. After fruitless negotiations with the viceroy, San Martín occupied the Peruvian capital of Lima
Pampas, Peru Pampas, Peru Pampas is a city in Peru. It is the capital of the Tayacaja Province and it was established on June 21, 1825. According to the 2007 census had a population of 9,973 (11,566 in the metropolitan area). It has an approximate altitude of 3,276 metres. The city is connected to the nearby cities like Huancayo and Ayacucho by partially paved roads. The city house a branch of the Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica and it is home of a local technical institute; the "Instituto Tecnologico Pampas - Tayacaja". The city has now a new hospital, the "Hospital Pampas" that