Spermatophyte plants that have unenclosed, "naked seeds": The fifth extant division is the flowering plants, also known as angiosperms or magnoliophytes, the largest and most diverse group of spermatophytes. Angiosperms possess seeds enclosed in a fruit, unlike gymnosperms. In addition to the taxa listed above, the fossil record contains evidence of many extinct taxa of seed plants. The so-called "seed ferns" (Pteridospermae) were one of the earliest successful groups of land plants, and forests dominated by seed ferns were prevalent in the late Paleozoic. "Glossopteris" was the most prominent tree genus in the ancient southern supercontinent of Gondwana during the Permian
Sub-provincial division out of Sichuan altogether. Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps also has the powers of a sub-provincial city. Chengdu is the largest sub-provincial municipality; has a population exceeding that of the independent municipality of Tianjin while, both Harbin and Chengdu have a bigger area than Tianjin. Additionally, the head of Pudong New Area of Shanghai and Binhai New Area of Tianjin, which is a county-level district, is given sub-provincial powers. The National Joint Conference of Sub-provincial City People's Congress Standing Committee Chairpersons () are attended by the chairpersons and vice-chairpersons of all sub-provincial cities. It was proposed by the Guangzhou Municipal