Ventricular escape beat reaching the ventricles (normally initiated by the heart's sinoatrial node (SA node), transmitted to the atrioventricular node (AV node), and then further transmitted to the ventricles) falls below the base rate determined by the rate of Phase 4 spontaneous depolarisation of ventricular pacemaker cells. An escape beat usually occurs 2–3 seconds after an electrical impulse has failed to reach the ventricles. This phenomenon can be caused by the sinoatrial node (SA node) failing to initiate a beat, by a failure of the conductivity from the SA node to the atrioventricular node (AV node), or by atrioventricular block (especially third degree
Lunar node about 0.94901 Gregorian year, as do descending-node eclipses. The nodes are called by different names in different areas of the world. In ancient European texts, the ascending node is referred to as the dragon's head ("Caput Draconis", or "Anabibazon"). Its symbol is , the astronomical and astrological symbol for the dragon's head. By the same analogy, the descending node is also known as the dragon's tail ("Cauda Draconis", or "Catabibazon"), and its symbol is the inversion of that of the ascending node: . In Hindu astronomy, the ascending node ☊ is called "Rahu" and the descending node ☋ is called