Renal artery stenosis a minimally-invasive angioplasty with or without stenting. It is unclear if this approach yields better results than the use of medications alone. It is a relatively safe procedure. If all else fails and the kidney is thought to be worsening hypertension and revascularization with angioplasty or surgery does not work, then surgical removal of the affected kidney (nephrectomy) may significantly improve high blood pressure. Angioplasty with or without stenting is the best option for the treatment of renal artery stenosis due to fibromuscular dysplasia. Renal artery stenosis Renal artery stenosis is the narrowing of one of the renal arteries, most
Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery Bland, Paul Dudley White, and Joseph Garland. Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA or Bland-White-Garland syndrome or White-Garland syndrome) is a rare congenital anomaly in which the left coronary artery (LCA) branches off the pulmonary artery instead of the aortic sinus. After birth, the pressure in other coronary arteries (namely the RCA) will have a pressure that exceeds the LCA and collateral circulation will increase. This, ultimately, can lead to blood flowing from the RCA into the LCA (retrograde) and into the pulmonary artery, thus forming a left-to-right shunt.