Blood gas tension Blood gas tension Blood gas tension refers to the partial pressure of gases in blood. There are several significant purposes for measuring gas tension; the most common gas tensions measured are oxygen tension (PO), the carbon dioxide tension (PCO) and carbon monoxide tension (PCO). The subscript "x" in each symbol represents the source of the gas being measured; ""a"" meaning arterial, ""A"" being alveolar, ""v"" being venous, ""c"" being capillary. Blood gas tests (such as arterial blood gas tests) measure these partial pressures. PO – Partial pressure of oxygen at sea level (765 mmHg) in arterial blood is between 75
Hemoglobin Hopkins-2 that causes sickle cell, which is a disorder in which red blood cells break down and become abnormally shaped. Hemoglobin S has two beta chains, whereas hemoglobin Hopkins-2 has two alpha chains. Hopkins-2 makes up 22% of hemolysates in single heterozygotes; therefore, there is the normal version of the gene in these patients. Hemolysates are the products of the destruction of red blood cells. Ho-2 also comprises 11% of hemolysates in ‘double’ heterozygotes, which are when the gene contains both Hopkins-2 and Hemoglobin S. There are currently multiple possible explanations as to how the Hemoglobin variant Hopkins-2 works. One explanation