Brus equation emission energy Δ"E" = "hc"/λ, where c is the speed of light). This is useful for calculating the radius of a quantum dot from experimentally determined parameters. The overall equation is "E", "m"*, and "m"* are unique for each nanocrystal composition. For example, with CdSe nanocrystals: Brus equation The Brus equation can be used to describe the emission energy of quantum dot semiconductor nanocrystals (such as CdSe nanocrystals) in terms of the band gap energy "E", Planck's constant "h", the radius of the quantum dot "r", as well as the effective mass of the excited electron "m"* and of the
Kepler's equation are generally required to evaluate . There are several forms of Kepler's equation. Each form is associated with a specific type of orbit. The standard Kepler equation is used for elliptic orbits (0 ≤ "e" < 1). The hyperbolic Kepler equation is used for hyperbolic trajectories ("e" ≫ 1). The radial Kepler equation is used for linear (radial) trajectories ("e" = 1). Barker's equation is used for parabolic trajectories ("e" = 1). When "e" = 0, the orbit is circular. Increasing "e" causes the circle to become elliptical. When "e" = 1, there are three possibilities: A slight increase in