Work of breathing Work of breathing Work of breathing (WOB) is the energy expended to inhale and exhale a breathing gas. It is usually expressed as work per unit volume, for example, joules/litre, or as a work rate (power), such as joules/min or equivalent units, as it is not particularly useful without a reference to volume or time. It can be calculated in terms of the pulmonary pressure multiplied by the change in pulmonary volume, or in terms of the oxygen consumption attributable to breathing. In a normal resting state the work of breathing constitutes about 5% of the total body oxygen consumption.
National Modern Energy Holdings National Modern Energy Holdings National Modern Energy Holdings Ltd. (NME) is a British Virgin Islands-registered, Hong Kong-based holding company, which owns National Electric Vehicle Sweden (NEVS) together with Japan-based Sun Investment LLC. NEVS acquired the assets of Saab Automobile AB, Saab Automobile Powertrain AB, and Saab Automobile Tools AB from a bankruptcy estate. National Modern Energy Holdings has operations in China, Macau, and Hong Kong. The owner of the holding company and its subsidiaries is the Chinese-Swedish businessman Kai Johan Jiang. Other operations by the holding company are the building of a battery manufacturing plant in Beijing named Beijing National