Francis Crick DNA crystals revealed to Crick that the two DNA strands were antiparallel. In January 1953, Watson was shown an X-ray photograph of B-DNA (called photograph 51), by Wilkins. Wilkins had been given photograph 51 by Rosalind Franklin's Ph.D. student Raymond Gosling. Wilkins and Gosling had worked together in the Medical Research Council's (MRC) Biophysics Unit before director John Randall appointed Franklin to take over both DNA diffraction work and guidance of Gosling's thesis. It appears that Randall did not communicate effectively with them about Franklin's appointment, contributing to confusion and friction between Wilkins and Franklin. In the middle of February
X-ray crystallography polymethylcyanoacrylaon of Boin crystal parameters. Heating or burning of bones causes recognizeable changes in the bone mineral that can be detected using X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. During the first 15 minutes of heating at 500 °C or above, the bone crstals began to change. At higher temperatures, thickness and shape of crystals of bones appear stabilized, but when the samples were heated at lower temperature or for shorter period, XRD traces showed extreme changes in crystal parameters. X-ray diffraction has been demonstrated as a method for investigating the complex structure of integrated circuits. X-ray crystallography X-ray crystallography is a technique