Work of breathing When there is increased gas flow resistance, the optimal respiratory rate decreases. This work (generally during the inhalation phase) is stored as potential energy which is recovered during exhalation. A pressure difference is required to overcome the frictional resistance to gas flow due to viscosity, and to provide non-elastic components of movement of the airway tissues to accommodate pulmonary volume change. Total work done against non elastic forces is 35% of total. Work is defined as a force applied over a distance. The SI unit of work is the Joule, equivalent to a force of 1 Newton exerted along a
Energy Research Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences is the director of the Institute. The Institute employs approximately 80 staff members, of whom 65% are highly skilled specialists. It comprises eight scientific departments: The Institute deploys a matrix organizational structure in order to maximize flexibility. Thus, different departments can work together jointly and each can be modified according to the circumstances. The Institute’s mission is to find solutions to a wide range of contemporary challenges including: efficient energy production and consumption techniques to promote energy savings; appropriate pricing mechanisms for energy markets; and legislation, tax policy and other general issues related to domestic energy policy. ERIRAS work is