Basal metabolic rate be elevated in stress, illness, and diabetes. Menopause may also affect metabolism. Heart rate is determined by the medulla oblongata and part of the pons, two organs located inferior to the hypothalamus on the brain stem. Heart rate is important for basal metabolic rate and resting metabolic rate because it drives the blood supply, stimulating the Krebs cycle. During exercise that achieves the anaerobic threshold, it is possible to deliver substrates that are desired for optimal energy utilization. The anaerobic threshold is defined as the energy utilization level of heart rate exertion that occurs without oxygen during a standardized test
Heart rate resting heart rate. Some methods of measurement of exercise intensity measure percentage of heart rate reserve. Additionally, as a person increases their cardiovascular fitness, their HR will drop, and the heart rate reserve will increase. Percentage of HR is equivalent to percentage of VO reserve. This is often used to gauge exercise intensity (first used in 1957 by Karvonen). Karvonen's study findings have been questioned, due to the following: For healthy people, the "Target Heart Rate" or "Training Heart Rate" (THR) is a desired range of heart rate reached during aerobic exercise which enables one's heart and lungs to receive