Shield volcano are cave-like volcanic straights formed by the hardening of overlaying lava. These structures help further the propagation of lava, as the walls of the tube insulates the lava within. Lava tubes can account for a large portion of shield volcano activity; for example, an estimated 58% of the lava forming Kīlauea comes from lava tubes. In some shield volcano eruptions, basaltic lava pours out of a long fissure instead of a central vent, and shrouds the countryside with a long band of volcanic material in the form of a broad plateau. Plateaus of this type exist in Iceland, Washington, Oregon,
Name of Croatia the derivation of Proto-Slavic *xъrvatъ from the Old Persian "xaraxwat-", attested by the Old Iranian toponym "Harahvait-", the native name of Arachosia. "Arachosia" is the Latinized form of Ancient Greek Ἀραχωσία ("Arachosíā"); in Old Persian inscriptions, the region is referred to as "" (). In Indo-Iranian it actually means "one that pours into ponds", which derives from the name of the Sarasvati River of Rigveda. However, although the somewhat suggestive similarity, the connection to the name of Arachosia is etymologically incorrect. The first etymological thesis about the name of the Croats stems from Constantine Porphyrogennetos (tenth century), who connected the