Organ procurement of kidneys is a relatively widespread practice. For the heart normothermic preservation has been used in which the heart is provided with warm oxygenated blood and so continues to beat ex-vivo during its preservation. This technique has also been applied to lungs and led to the emergence of donor lung reconditioning centres in North America. For the liver, hypothermic and normothermic techniques are being used with evidence to suggest that both may be beneficial . The HOPE (HIV Organ Policy Equity) Act allows for clinical research on organ transplantation from HIV+ donors to HIV+ recipients. The Act was passed by
Water organ by the Greeks, the hydraulis continued to be used through antiquity in the Roman world. In the Middle Ages, Eastern Roman (Byzantine) and Muslim inventors developed, among other pieces, an automatic hydraulic organ (described by the Banu Musa in their 9th-century treatise "Book of Ingenious Devices"), a 'musical tree' at the palace of Khalif al-Muqtadir (ruled 908–32), and a long-distance hydraulic organ that could be heard from sixty miles away (described in the Arabic "Sirr al-asrar" and later translated into Latin by Roger Bacon). By the end of the 13th century hydraulic automata had reached Italy and the rest of