Allergic inflammation immediate allergic reaction or as a Type I allergic reaction. The reaction is caused by the release of histamine and mast cell granule proteins by a process called degranulation, as well as the production of leukotrienes, prostaglandins and cytokines, by mast cells following the cross-linking of allergen specific IgE molecules bound to mast cell FcεRI receptors. These mediators affect nerve cells causing itching, smooth muscle cells causing contraction (leading to the airway narrowing seen in allergic asthma), goblet cells causing mucus production, and endothelial cells causing vasodilatation and edema. The late phase of a Type 1 reaction (which develops 8–12
Body substance isolation a part of the National Standards Curriculum for Prehospital Providers and Firefighters. Types of body substance isolation included: It was postulated that BSI precautions should be practiced in environment where treaters were exposed to bodily fluids, such as: Such infection control techniques that were recommended following the AIDS outbreak in the 1980s. Every patient was treated as if infected and therefore precautions were taken to minimize risk. Other conditions which called for minimizing risks with BSI: or any combination of the above. Body substance isolation Body substance isolation is a practice of isolating all body substances (blood, urine, feces, tears,