Per stirpes receive one-third (all of "D"s one-third share). Under "per capita", the two-thirds remaining after "C" 's one-third share was taken would be divided equally among all three children of "B" and "D". (Two-thirds = six ninths) Each would receive two-ninths: "B1", "B2", and "D1" would all receive two-ninths. "Notes:" In many U.S. states, such as New York, a statute has modified the "per stirpes" approach and utilizes instead a per capita with representation approach (also known as modern American per stirpes). Under the per capita with representation approach, the number of branches is determined by reference to the generation nearest
Per minas Per minas Per minas, in British common law, to engage in behavior "by means of menaces or threats". The term comes from Latin. "Per minas" has been used as a defense of duress to certain crimes, as affecting the element of "mens rea". William Blackstone, the often-cited judge and legal scholar, addressed the use of "duress "per minas"" under the category of self-defense as a means of securing the "right of personal security", that is, the right of self-defense. The classic case involves a person who is blackmailed into robbing a bank. In contract law, Blackstone used "per minas" to