Retina bipolar cell Retina bipolar cell As a part of the retina, bipolar cells exist between photoreceptors (rod cells and cone cells) and ganglion cells. They act, directly or indirectly, to transmit signals from the photoreceptors to the ganglion cells. Bipolar cells are so-named as they have a central body from which two sets of processes arise. They can synapse with either rods or cones (rod/cone mixed input BCs have been found in teleost fish but not mammals), and they also accept synapses from horizontal cells. The bipolar cells then transmit the signals from the photoreceptors or the horizontal cells, and pass it
AII amacrine cells AII amacrine cells AII amacrine cells are a subtype of amacrine cells present in the retina of mammals. AII amacrine cell serve the critical role of transferring light signals from rod photoreceptors to the retinal ganglion cells (which contain the axons of the optic nerve) The Classical Rod Pathway described the role of AII amacrine cells in the mammalian retina. This can be summarised as follows: (Once activated, the AII amacrine cell then modulates the cone ON and OFF channels): The ON- and OFF- cone bipolar cells in turn contact the ON- and OFF-centre retinal ganglion cells, respectively. "Note: A