Ideal gas except for the specification of these constants. The results of the quantum Boltzmann gas are used in a number of cases including the Sackur–Tetrode equation for the entropy of an ideal gas and the Saha ionization equation for a weakly ionized plasma. The classical thermodynamic properties of an ideal gas can be described by two equations of state: The ideal gas law is the equation of state for an ideal gas, given by: where The ideal gas law is an extension of experimentally discovered gas laws. It can also be derived from microscopic considerations. Real fluids at low density and
Negative and positive rights Under the theory of positive and negative rights, a negative right is a right "not to be" subjected to an action of another person or group—a government, for example—usually in the form of abuse or coercion. As such, negative rights exist unless someone acts to "negate" them. A positive right is a right "to be" subjected to an action of another person or group. In other words, for a positive right to be exercised, someone else's actions must be "added" to the equation. In theory, a negative right forbids others from acting against the right holder, while a positive right