Extrachromosomal DNA DNA in a variety of different organisms. Extrachromosomal DNA Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside the nucleus also serves important biological functions. In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. The fact that this organelle contains its own DNA supports the hypothesis that
Single-cell DNA template strand sequencing Single-cell DNA template strand sequencing Single-cell DNA template strand sequencing, or strand-seq, is a technique for the selective sequencing of a daughter cell’s parental template strands. This technique has many applications, including the identification of sister chromatid exchanges in the parental cell prior to segregation, the identification of misoriented contigs during alignment of reads to the reference genome, and the assessment of non-random segregation of sister chromatids. Strand-seq (single strand sequencing) was first described in 2012 as a technique to isolate sequenced reads from parental template strands in single-cell DNA libraries. As a proof of concept study, the authors demonstrated