Hermit crab increased prevalence of marine debris, but also due to depletion of seashells from beaches due to humans collecting them. Hermit crab species range in size and shape, from species with a carapace only a few millimetres long to "Coenobita brevimanus", which can live 12–70 years and can approach the size of a coconut. The shell-less hermit crab "Birgus latro" (coconut crab) is the world's largest terrestrial invertebrate. The young develop in stages, with the first two (the nauplius and protozoea) occurring inside the egg. Most hermit crab larvae hatch at the third stage, the zoea. In this larval stage, the
History of manifolds and varieties spaces with a differentiable or topological structure, while "variety" refers to spaces with an algebraic structure, as in algebraic varieties. In Romance languages, manifold is translated as "variety" – such spaces with a differentiable structure are literally translated as "analytic varieties", while spaces with an algebraic structure are called "algebraic varieties". Thus for example, the french word "" means topological manifold. In the same vein, the Japanese word "" (tayōtai) also encompasses both manifold and variety. ("" (tayō) means various.) Ancestral to the modern concept of a manifold were several important results of 18th and 19th century mathematics. The oldest