Plasma medicine Plasma medicine Plasma medicine is an emerging field that combines plasma physics, life sciences and clinical medicine. It is being studied in disinfection, healing, and cancer. Most of the research is in vitro and in animal models. It uses ionized gas (physical plasma) for medical uses or dental applications . Plasma, often called the fourth state of matter, is an ionized gas containing positive ions and negative ions or electrons, but is approximately charge neutral on the whole. The plasma sources used for plasma medicine are generally low temperature plasmas, and they generate ions, chemically reactive atoms and molecules, and
Positive real numbers Positive real numbers In mathematics, the set of positive real numbers, formula_1, is the subset of those real numbers that are greater than zero. The non-negative real numbers, formula_2, also include zero. The symbols formula_3 and formula_4 are ambiguously used for either of these, so it safer to always specify which. In a complex plane, formula_5 is identified with the positive real axis and is usually drawn as a horizontal ray. This ray is used as reference in the polar form of a complex number. The real positive axis corresponds to complex numbers formula_6 with argument formula_7. The non-negative reals