Hermit crab increased prevalence of marine debris, but also due to depletion of seashells from beaches due to humans collecting them. Hermit crab species range in size and shape, from species with a carapace only a few millimetres long to "Coenobita brevimanus", which can live 12–70 years and can approach the size of a coconut. The shell-less hermit crab "Birgus latro" (coconut crab) is the world's largest terrestrial invertebrate. The young develop in stages, with the first two (the nauplius and protozoea) occurring inside the egg. Most hermit crab larvae hatch at the third stage, the zoea. In this larval stage, the
Invasive species which were brought to control insects upon the introduced grain crops, have displaced native birds as have rainbow lorikeets and cockatoos (both from Australia) which fly free around areas west of Auckland City such as the Waitakere Ranges. In much of New Zealand, the Australian black swan has effectively eliminated the existence of the previously introduced mute swan. Two notable varieties of spiders have also been introduced: the white tail spider and the redback spider. Both may have arrived inside shipments of fruit. Until then, the only spider (and the only venomous animal) dangerous to humans was the native katipo,