Buffer gas Buffer gas A buffer gas is an inert or nonflammable gas. In the Earth's atmosphere, nitrogen acts as a buffer gas. A buffer gas adds pressure to a system and controls the speed of combustion with any oxygen present. Any inert gas such as helium, neon, or argon will serve as a buffer gas. Buffer gases are commonly used in many applications from high pressure discharge lamps to reduce line width of microwave transitions in alkali atoms. A buffer gas usually consists of atomically inert gases such as helium, argon, and nitrogen which are the primary gases used. Krypton, neon,
Grey atmosphere Grey atmosphere The Grey atmosphere (or gray) is a useful set of approximations made for radiative transfer applications in studies of stellar atmospheres based on the simplification that the absorption coefficient formula_1 of matter within the atmosphere is constant for all frequencies of incident radiation. The application of the grey atmosphere approximation is the primary method astronomers use to determine the temperature and basic radiative properties of astronomical objects including the Sun, planets with atmospheres, other stars, and interstellar clouds of gas and dust. Although the model demonstrates good correlation to observations, it deviates from observational results because real atmospheres