Kidney stone disease to a combination of genetics and environmental factors. Risk factors include high urine calcium levels, obesity, certain foods, some medications, calcium supplements, hyperparathyroidism, gout and not drinking enough fluids. Stones form in the kidney when minerals in urine are at high concentration. The diagnosis is usually based on symptoms, urine testing, and medical imaging. Blood tests may also be useful. Stones are typically classified by their location: nephrolithiasis (in the kidney), ureterolithiasis (in the ureter), cystolithiasis (in the bladder), or by what they are made of (calcium oxalate, uric acid, struvite, cystine). In those who have had stones, prevention is
London Connects kept under strict review and revised as deemed appropriate by the London Connects Board and multi-sector Steering Group. Board members were appointed either by the Mayor of London or by the Leaders' Committee of London Councils. London Connects was also the first organisation to set up a Warning, Advice & Reporting Point (WARP). This service facilitates information sharing and helps the London boroughs in the fight against electronic attack. The programme was disbanded in 2009. London Connects London Connects was jointly owned by the Greater London Authority and London Councils. Its purpose was to improve public services in London and