Signal original form to a waveform expressed as a current ("I") or a voltage ("V"), or an electromagnetic waveform, for example, an optical signal or radio transmission. Once expressed as an electronic signal, the signal is available for further processing by electrical devices such as electronic amplifiers and electronic filters, and can be transmitted to a remote location by electronic transmitters and received using electronic receivers. In Electrical engineering programs, a class and field of study known as "signals and systems" (S and S) is often seen as the "cut class" for EE careers, and is dreaded by some students as
Improvised Electronic Device releases, Schiller stated, "there is nothing here that hasn't been done before." — With the exception of the opening track "I.E.D.", as Schiller expressed his surprise: "The first ever Front Line Assembly song with five beats in every measure." Trey Spencer of Sputnikmusic looked very critically at the musical output between "Hard Wired" and "Artificial Soldier". These releases he called "disappointing results", and deemed the band to be "back on track" with "Artificial Soldier", seeing "Improvised Electronic Device" in the vein of its predecessor: "Bill Leeb was able to retain his focus and deliver an album that mixes the modern