Insulin the simplest unicellular eukaryotes. Apart from animals, insulin-like proteins are also known to exist in the Fungi and Protista kingdoms. Insulin is produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets in most vertebrates and by the Brockmann body in some teleost fish. Cone snails "Conus geographus" and "Conus tulipa", venomous sea snails that hunt small fish, use modified forms of insulin in their venom cocktails. The insulin toxin, closer in structure to fishes' than to snails' native insulin, slows down the prey fishes by lowering their blood glucose levels. The preproinsulin precursor of insulin is encoded by the "INS" gene.
British Institute of Organ Studies British Institute of Organ Studies The British Institute of Organ Studies, more commonly known by its acronym BIOS, is a British organisation and registered charity which aims to promote study and appreciation of all aspects of the pipe organ. Further, it acts as a lobbying body to raise awareness of organ issues with appropriate statutory bodies. Membership is open to all. The aims of BIOS are BIOS publishes a quarterly Reporter newsletter and magazine and a yearly Journal which contains articles on organ history. BIOS is also responsible for the National Pipe Organ Register (NPOR), which aims to catalogue all