Origin of the domestic dog to the domestic dog and modern wolf lineages. The gray wolf is thought to be ancestral to the domestic dog, however its relationship to "C. variabilis", and the genetic contribution of "C. variabilis" to the dog, is the subject of debate. The Zhokhov Island (8,700 YBP) and Aachim (1,700 YBP) canid haplotypes fell within the domestic dog clade, cluster with S805, and also share their haplotypes with – or are one mutation away from – the Tibetan wolf ("C. l. chanco") and the recently-extinct Japanese wolf ("C. l. hodophilax"). This may indicate that these canids retained the genetic signature of
Ticks of domestic animals as an adult on another cow in a three-host lifecycle. Furthermore, this tick commonly feeds as a three-host tick with larvae, nymphs, and adults feeding on separate individual dairy cows confined to cattle housing in zero-grazing systems. "Argas persicus", the fowl tick, is a major pest of poultry birds (see Gallery below for photograph). The tampan ticks within "Ornithodoros moubata" complex of species infest domestic pigs and also feed on humans. "Ornithodoros savignyi" is often found in large numbers at enclosures where camels and cattle are herded. Many species of argasid soft ticks are adapted to live in the nest