Mass-to-charge ratio refers to the molecular or atomic mass number and "z" to the charge number of the ion; however, the quantity of "m"/"z" is dimensionless by definition. An ion of 100 atomic mass units ("m" = 100) carrying two charges ("z" = 2) will be observed at "m"/"z" = 50. In the 19th century, the mass-to-charge ratios of some ions were measured by electrochemical methods. In 1897, the mass-to-charge ratio of the electron was first measured by J. J. Thomson. By doing this, he showed that the electron was in fact a particle with a mass and a charge, and that
Given name (e.g. 'Ann Smith "née" Jones' or 'Adam Smith "né" Jones'). Because they are terms adopted into English from French, they do not have to be italicized, but often are. Given name A given name (also known as a first name, forename or Christian name) is a part of a person's personal name. It identifies a specific person, and differentiates that person from the other members of a group (typically a family or clan) who have a common surname. The term "given name" refers to the fact that the name usually is bestowed upon a person, normally to a child by