Conserved non-coding sequence degenerate sequences with no biological function. An example of a pseudogene is the gene for L-gulonolactone oxidase, a liver enzyme necessary for biosynthesis of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in most birds and mammals, but which is mutated in the haplorrhini suborder of primates, including humans which require ascorbic acid or ascorbate from food. The remains of this non-functional gene with many mutations is still present in the genomes of guinea pigs and humans. Ultraconserved regions (UCRs) are regions over 200 bp in length with 100% identity across species. These unique sequences are mostly found in noncoding regions. It is still
Vitamin B12 "Corynebacterium", "Flavobacterium", "Lactobacillus", "Micromonospora", "Mycobacterium", "Nocardia", "Protaminobacter", "Proteus", "Rhizobium", "Salmonella", "Serratia", "Streptococcus" and "Xanthomonas" . Six Nobel Prizes have been awarded for direct and indirect studies of vitamin B. Vitamin B12 Vitamin B, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body: it is a cofactor in DNA synthesis, and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. It is particularly important in the normal functioning of the nervous system via its role in the synthesis of myelin, and in the maturation of developing red blood cells in the