Unified field theory 1820 Hans Christian Ørsted discovered that electric currents exerted forces on magnets, while in 1831, Michael Faraday made the observation that time-varying magnetic fields could induce electric currents. Until then, electricity and magnetism had been thought of as unrelated phenomena. In 1864, Maxwell published his famous paper on a dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field. This was the first example of a theory that was able to encompass previously separate field theories (namely electricity and magnetism) to provide a unifying theory of electromagnetism. By 1905, Albert Einstein had used the constancy of the speed of light in Maxwell's theory to
Unified primary Primary For All Candidates." Several variations of this measure have been filed to date: 2014 Initiative Petitions 38 and 51. The campaign did not collect the 87,213 signatures required to get Petition 54 onto the ballot. (The "Open Primary" proposal that used plurality voting did collect enough signatures, but was defeated.) Frohnmayer later joined the campaign for STAR voting, an alternate voting method which would replace blanket/unified primaries with a single election that uses a score ballot and automatic runoff, though still promoting the unified primary under the name "Equal Top Two". Unified primary A unified primary is a proposed