Southern Ocean – fairly uniform temperatures of the deep ocean at the poles and the equator which differ by no more than 5 °C, and the major current systems or marine conveyor belt which transport egg and larva stages. The rocky shores of mainland Antarctica and its offshore islands provide nesting space for over 100 million birds every spring. These nesters include species of albatrosses, petrels, skuas, gulls and terns. The insectivorous South Georgia pipit is endemic to South Georgia and some smaller surrounding islands. Freshwater ducks inhabit South Georgia and the Kerguelen Islands. The flightless penguins are all located in the
Southern black tit Southern black tit The southern black tit or simply black tit ("Melaniparus niger") is a species of bird in the tit family Paridae, which is native to woodland habitats in southern Africa. It occurs chiefly in tropical and subtropical savanna woodland, in a semicircular arc from Angola to the Eastern Cape, South Africa. It prefers woodland dominated by broad-leaved trees, most importantly miombo, "Combretum" species, and "Burkea africana". It is especially common in the woodlands of western Zimbabwe, where densities can reach as high as fifty birds per square kilometre. The southern black tit, unlike parids of the Northern Hemisphere