Wave–particle duality operation of chemical reactions. Electricity, first thought to be a fluid, was now understood to consist of particles called electrons. This was first demonstrated by J. J. Thomson in 1897 when, using a cathode ray tube, he found that an electrical charge would travel across a vacuum. Since the vacuum offered no medium for an electric fluid to travel, this discovery could only be explained via a particle carrying a negative charge and moving through the vacuum. This electron flew in the face of classical electrodynamics, which had successfully treated electricity as a fluid for many years (leading to the
Barak (given name) Barak (given name) The given name Barak, also spelled Baraq, from the root "B-R-Q", is a Hebrew name meaning "lightning". It appears in the Hebrew Bible as the name of Barak ( ""), an Israelite general. It is also an Arabic name from the root "B-R-K" with the meaning of "blessed" though it is mostly in its feminine form "Baraka(h)". The Semitic root "B-R-Q" has the meaning "to shine"; "lightning". The biblical name " is given after Barak, a military commander who appears in the Book of Judges. The Arabic cognate is ' (not to be confused with ', which