Insulin signal transduction pathway signals the conversion of the glycogen already stored in the liver cells into glucose. This process is called glycogenolysis. Conversely, when the blood-glucose levels are too high, the pancreas is signaled to release insulin. Insulin is delivered to the liver and other tissues throughout the body (e.g., muscle, adipose). When the insulin is introduced to the liver, it connects to the insulin receptors already present, that is tyrosine kinase receptor. These receptors have two alpha subunits (extracellular) and two beta subunits (intercellular) which are connected through the cell membrane via disulfide bonds. When the insulin binds to these alpha subunits,
Insulin aspart be used with external insulin pumps. The insulin in reservoirs of insulin pumps and infusion sets should be changed every 48 hours to avoid insulin degradation and loss of preservative. The following insulin pumps have been used in Novolog® clinical or in vitro studies conducted by Novo Nordisk: Medtronic Paradigm® 512 and 712, Minimed 508, Disetronic® D-TRON® and H-TRON®. NovoLog Mix 70/30 is a product marketed by Novo Nordisk which contains 30% insulin aspart and 70% insulin aspart protamine. The insulin aspart protamine portion is a crystalline form of insulin aspart, which delays the action of the insulin, giving it