Stem rust more harsh, resulting in reduced wheat harvests. Laws banning barberry were established in 1660 in Rouen, France. This was due to the fact that European farmers noticed a correlation between barberry and stem rust epidemics in wheat. The law banned the planting of barberry near wheat fields and was the first of its kind before the parasitic nature of stem rust was discovered in the 1700s. Two Italian scientists, Fontana and Tozzetti, first explained the stem rust fungus in wheat in 1767. Italian scientist Giuseppe Maria Giovene (1753-1837), in his work "Lettera al dottor Cosimo Moschettini sulla ruggine", also thoroughly
White rust (disease) White rust (disease) White rust is a disease in plants caused by the oomycete "Albugo candida" or one of its close relatives. Plants susceptible to this disease generally include members of the Brassica family. White rust has been known to cause agricultural losses in fields cultivating members of this family including broccoli, cauliflower, and Indian mustard. Despite the name, it is not considered true rusts. Signs and symptoms of infection include chlorosis on leaf surfaces, white blister-like growths on the underside of leaves and on the stems of the plant, and swelling of the roots. In addition, abnormalities in the