Kidney structure with a convex and a concave border. A recessed area on the concave border is the renal hilum, where the renal artery enters the kidney and the renal vein and ureter leave. The kidney is surrounded by tough fibrous tissue, the renal capsule, which is itself surrounded by perirenal fat, renal fascia, and pararenal fat. The anterior (front) surface of these tissues is the peritoneum, while the posterior (rear) surface is the transversalis fascia. The superior pole of the right kidney is adjacent to the liver. For the left kidney, it is next to the spleen. Both, therefore, move
Intersegmental artery Intersegmental artery The intersegmental arteries are a set of 30 arteries arising from the embryonic dorsal aorta, with each artery providing blood supply to one somite and its derivatives. The cervical intersegmental arteries merge into the vertebral artery with the exception of the 7th (or possibly the 6th) cervical intersegmental artery, which becomes the subclavian artery. The confusion arises because the vertebral artery drains into the subclavian artery following the disappearance of the dorsal aortae in part of the cervical region. The thoracic intersegmental arteries all develop into the intercostal arteries. The lumbar intersegmental arteries develop into the lumbar arteries,