Volcano were proposed for volcano behavior before the modern understanding of the Earth's mantle structure as a semisolid material was developed. For decades after awareness that compression and radioactive materials may be heat sources, their contributions were specifically discounted. Volcanic action was often attributed to chemical reactions and a thin layer of molten rock near the surface. Volcano A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major,
Volcano tectonics understood within the framework of a reasonable model or theory of volcano behaviour. Quantitative and testable models must, in the end, be related to some physical theories and thus to physics. In Volcano-Tectonics, like in solid-earth geophysics in general, the main physical theories used are those that derive from continuum mechanics. For solid-earth sciences, these are mainly solid mechanics, including rock mechanics, fracture mechanics and general tectonophysics, and fluid mechanics, including fluid transport in rock fractures. Volcano tectonics Volcano tectonics is a scientific field that uses the techniques and methods of structural geology, tectonics, and physics to analyse and interpret