Scratch hardness Scratch hardness Scratch hardness tests are used to determine the hardness of a material to scratches and abrasion. The earliest test was developed by mineralogist Friedrich Mohs in 1820 (see Mohs scale). It is based on relative scratch hardness, with talc assigned a value of 1 and diamond assigned a value of 10. Mohs' scale had two limitations; it was not linear, and most modern abrasives fall between 9 and 10. Raymond R. Ridgway, a research engineer at the Norton Company, modified the Mohs scale by giving garnet a hardness of 10 and diamond a hardness of 15. Charles E.
Worshipful Company of Scientific Instrument Makers or using scientific instruments. This could be any kind of scientific instrument: a measuring instrument, like a feeler gauge or an atomic clock, or an imaging instrument like a PET scanner. It might even be a piece of control engineering incorporating many instruments. What makes the Company a community is partly a shared interest in scientific instruments and, more generally, in science and engineering. It is also partly a shared love of good company, of meeting for discussion over food and wine, and of bringing partners or guests to a grand banquet in distinguished surroundings. But what makes the Company