Classical unified field theories a survey of classical relativistic field theories of gravitation that have been motivated by theoretical concerns other than unification, see Classical theories of gravitation. For a survey of current work toward creating a quantum theory of gravitation, see quantum gravity. The early attempts at creating a unified field theory began with the Riemannian geometry of general relativity, and attempted to incorporate electromagnetic fields into a more general geometry, since ordinary Riemannian geometry seemed incapable of expressing the properties of the electromagnetic field. Einstein was not alone in his attempts to unify electromagnetism and gravity; a large number of mathematicians and
Unified field theory formula_7 manifold. In mathematics, if f(z) is a holomorphic function restricted to the Real Numbers, it has the complex conjugate properties of f (z) = f *(z*), which leads to the above equation when formula_21 is satisfied. All four of the known fundamental forces are mediated by fields, which in the Standard Model of particle physics result from exchange of gauge bosons. Specifically the four fundamental interactions to be unified are: Modern unified field theory attempts to bring these four interactions together into a single framework. The first successful classical unified field theory was developed by James Clerk Maxwell. In