Antibiotic whether or not antibiotics cause obesity in humans. Studies have found a correlation between early exposure of antibiotics (<6 months) and increased body mass (at 10 and 20 months). Another study found that the type of antibiotic exposure was also significant with the highest risk of being overweight in those given macrolides compared to penicillin and cephalosporin. Therefore, there is correlation between antibiotic exposure in early life and obesity in humans, but whether or not there is a causal relationship remains unclear. Although there is a correlation between antibiotic use in early life and obesity, the effect of antibiotics on
Antibiotic use in livestock in its inaugural 2013 report on antibiotic resistance threats in the United States, the CDC identified resistant non-typhoidal "Salmonella" and "Campylobacter" as "serious threats" and called for improved surveillance and intervention in food production moving forward. There are other bacteria as well, where research is evolving and revealing that bacterial resistance acquired through use in livestock may be contributing to disease in humans. Examples of these include Enterococcus (including "E. coli" 0157) and "Staphylococcus aureus". For foodborne illness from "E. coli", which is still not typically treated with antibiotics because of associated risk of renal failure, increasing rates of antibiotic-resistant