Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis the C3 pathway in the daytime and the C4 pathway in the nighttime. At night, when temperature and water loss are lower, the CO diffuses through the stomata and produce malate via phosphenolpyruvate carboxylase. During the following day, stomata are closed, malate is decarboxylated, and CO is fixed by RuBisCO. This process alone is similar to that of C4 plants and yields characteristic C4 fractionation values of approximately -11‰. However, in the afternoon, CAM plants may open their stomata and perform C3 photosynthesis. In daytime alone, CAM plants have approximately -28‰ fractionation, characteristic of C3 plants. These combined effects provide
What You Need (Stacy Lattisaw album) peaking at #1 on the "Billboard" R&B singles chart in 1990. What You Need (Stacy Lattisaw album) What You Need is the tenth and final studio album by American contemporary R&B singer Stacy Lattisaw, released October 17, 1989 via Motown Records. It did not chart on the "Billboard" 200, but it peaked at #16 on the "Billboard" R&B chart. It was also Lattisaw's final album before she retired from the music industry. Four singles were released from the album: "What You Need", "Where Do We Go from Here", "Dance for You" and "I Don't Have the Heart". "Where Do We