Heart valve chambers are lined with endocardium. Heart valves separate the atria from the ventricles, or the ventricles from a blood vessel. Heart valves are situated around the fibrous rings of the cardiac skeleton. The valves incorporate leaflets or cusps, which are pushed open to allow blood flow and which then close together to seal and prevent backflow. The mitral valve has two cusps, whereas the others have three. There are nodules at the tips of the cusps that make the seal tighter. The pulmonary valve has left, right, and anterior cusps. The aortic valve has left, right, and posterior cusps. The
Lateral ventricles using linear or planar measurements. The volume of the lateral ventricles are known to increase with age. They are also enlarged in a number of neurological conditions and are on average larger in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and Alzheimer's disease. Asymmetry in the size of the lateral ventricles is found in about 5–12% of the population. It has been associated with handedness, where right-handed people have been found to have a larger right lateral ventricle and a longer left occipital horn, whereas left handed people have been found to have longer right occipital horns. A severe