Apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome cases recorded worldwide. Liquorice consumption may also cause a temporary form of AME due to its ability to block 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, in turn causing increased levels of cortisol. Cessation of licorice consumption will reverse this form of AME. Apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome Apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) is an autosomal recessive disorder causing hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypokalemia (abnormally low levels of potassium). It was found by Dr Maria I. New at Weil Cornell Hospital in New York City. It results from mutations in the "HSD11B2" gene, which encodes the kidney isozyme of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. In
Base excess data. The term and concept of base excess were first introduced by Poul Astrup and Ole Siggaard-Andersen in 1958. Base excess can be estimated from the bicarbonate concentration ([HCO]) and pH by the equation: formula_1 with units of mEq/L. The same can be alternatively expressed as formula_2 Calculations are based on the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: Ultimately the end result is: Base excess beyond the reference range indicates Blood pH is determined by both a metabolic component, measured by base excess, and a respiratory component, measured by PaCO (partial pressure of carbon dioxide). Often a disturbance in one triggers a partial compensation