Work of breathing When there is increased gas flow resistance, the optimal respiratory rate decreases. This work (generally during the inhalation phase) is stored as potential energy which is recovered during exhalation. A pressure difference is required to overcome the frictional resistance to gas flow due to viscosity, and to provide non-elastic components of movement of the airway tissues to accommodate pulmonary volume change. Total work done against non elastic forces is 35% of total. Work is defined as a force applied over a distance. The SI unit of work is the Joule, equivalent to a force of 1 Newton exerted along a
The Year's Work in Modern Language Studies comprehensive bibliographical listings waned somewhat, and the focus of the work became more strongly evaluative. Traditionally the contributors to YWMLS were scholars of Modern Languages at British universities, and there was a strong focus on British scholarship. However since the beginning of the 21st century there have been a growing number of American and continental European contributors, and the focus has become more international. The Year's Work in Modern Language Studies The Year's Work in Modern Language Studies ("YWMLS") is an English-language evaluative bibliographical journal which appears annually, containing reports on new scholarship in the fields of European languages, linguistics,