Mass-to-charge ratio used as its unit in the field of mass spectrometry. Some fields use the charge-to-mass ratio ("Q"/"m") instead, which is the multiplicative inverse of the mass-to-charge ratio. The 2014 CODATA recommended value for an electron is = . When charged particles move in electric and magnetic fields the following two laws apply: where F is the force applied to the ion, "m" is the mass of the particle, a is the acceleration, "Q" is the electric charge, E is the electric field, and v × B is the cross product of the ion's velocity and the magnetic flux density. This
Given name (e.g. 'Ann Smith "née" Jones' or 'Adam Smith "né" Jones'). Because they are terms adopted into English from French, they do not have to be italicized, but often are. Given name A given name (also known as a first name, forename or Christian name) is a part of a person's personal name. It identifies a specific person, and differentiates that person from the other members of a group (typically a family or clan) who have a common surname. The term "given name" refers to the fact that the name usually is bestowed upon a person, normally to a child by