Atomic recoil Atomic recoil Atomic recoil is the result of the interaction of an atom with an energetic elementary particle, when the momentum of the interacting particle is transferred to the atom as whole without altering non-translational degrees of freedom of the atom. It is a purely quantum phenomenon. Atomic recoil was discovered by Harriet Brooks, Canada's first female nuclear physicist. If the transferred momentum of atomic recoil is enough to disrupt the crystal lattice of the material, a vacancy defect is formed; otherwise a phonon is generated. Closely related to atomic recoil is electron recoil (see photoexcitation and photoionization), and nuclear
Barak (given name) root Also see "Baraka" Barak (given name) The given name Barak, also spelled Baraq, from the root "B-R-Q", is a Hebrew name meaning "lightning". It appears in the Hebrew Bible as the name of Barak ( ""), an Israelite general. It is also an Arabic name from the root "B-R-K" with the meaning of "blessed" though it is mostly in its feminine form "Baraka(h)". The Semitic root "B-R-Q" has the meaning "to shine"; "lightning". The biblical name " is given after Barak, a military commander who appears in the Book of Judges. The Arabic cognate is ' (not to be