Magnetic moment and external fields is not part of this internal energy. The unit for magnetic moment in terms of the International System of Units (SI) base units is A⋅m, where A is the ampere (the SI unit of current) and m is the meter (the SI unit of distance). This has equivalents in other units used in SI including: where N is the newton (the SI unit of force), T is the tesla (the SI unit of magnetic flux density), and J is the joule (the SI unit of energy). In the CGS system, there are several different sets of electromagnetism
Magnetic flux quantum holes. The magnetic flux quantum may be measured with great precision by exploiting the Josephson effect. When coupled with the measurement of the von Klitzing constant , this provides the most precise values of Planck's constant obtained to date. This is remarkable since is generally associated with the behavior of microscopically small systems, whereas the quantization of magnetic flux in a superconductor and the quantum Hall effect are both collective phenomena associated with thermodynamically large numbers of particles. Magnetic flux quantum The magnetic flux, represented by the symbol , threading some contour or loop is defined as the magnetic field