Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis the C3 pathway in the daytime and the C4 pathway in the nighttime. At night, when temperature and water loss are lower, the CO diffuses through the stomata and produce malate via phosphenolpyruvate carboxylase. During the following day, stomata are closed, malate is decarboxylated, and CO is fixed by RuBisCO. This process alone is similar to that of C4 plants and yields characteristic C4 fractionation values of approximately -11‰. However, in the afternoon, CAM plants may open their stomata and perform C3 photosynthesis. In daytime alone, CAM plants have approximately -28‰ fractionation, characteristic of C3 plants. These combined effects provide
What U Need? Song Festival in Busan, South Korea. "what U need?" was performed together with "Lose Control" at the SMG New Year's Eve Gala 2017 in Baoshan Sports Centre, Shanghai on December 31, 2016. "what U need" stayed at #1 on the Alibaba Real Time Music Chart in China for three consecutive weeks. The single and the music video appeared at the top of music charts in China, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia, Thailand, UK, Turkey, Canada and the United States. The song hit the #4 spot on the China V Chart as well as in Billboard's World Digital Songs. Additionally, the song