Antibiotic penicillin led to renewed interest in the search for antibiotic compounds with similar efficacy and safety. For their successful development of penicillin, which Fleming had accidentally discovered but could not develop himself, as a therapeutic drug, Chain and Florey shared the 1945 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Fleming. Florey credited Rene Dubos with pioneering the approach of deliberately and systematically searching for antibacterial compounds, which had led to the discovery of gramicidin and had revived Florey's research in penicillin. In 1939, coinciding with the start of World War II, Dubos had reported the discovery of the first naturally derived antibiotic,
Antibiotic-Antimycotic reproductive techniques. In animal cell culture, Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution was used to wash goat embryos prior to incubation with oviduct and uterine cells, for enhanced development of embryos into blastocysts. In large-scale bioreactors, contamination risk is high due to the connection of tubing from inlets and outlets. Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution was incorporated into media for culturing suspension-adapted human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cell lines in bioreactors. The ability to isolate cell types is an important component of tissue engineering. In order to prevent contamination during seeding of human fibroblasts followed by endothelial cells on polymeric scaffolds, Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution was used during the