Energy content of biofuel (J/kg) or equivalent units. Energy density is the amount of energy stored in a fuel per unit volume, expressed in SI units as joule per litre (J/L) or equivalent units. The table below includes entries for popular substances already used for their energy, or being discussed for such use. The second column shows specific energy, the energy content in megajoules per unit of mass in kilograms, useful in understanding the energy that can be extracted from the fuel. The third column in the table lists energy density, the energy content per liter of volume, which is useful for understanding the
Internal energy density called "specific internal energy" which is internal energy per unit of mass (kilogram) of the system in question. The SI unit of specific internal energy is J/kg. If the specific internal energy is expressed relative to units of amount of substance (mol), then it is referred to as "molar internal energy" and the unit is J/mol. From the standpoint of statistical mechanics, the internal energy is equal to the ensemble average of the sum of the microscopic kinetic and potential energies of the system. The internal energy, , expresses the thermodynamics of a system in the "energy-language", or in