Ear pain with several weeks of IV and oral antibiotics, usually fluoroquinolones. Acute otitis media is an infection of the middle ear. More than 80% of children experience at least one episode of otitis media by age 3 years. Acute otitis media is also most common in these first 3 years of life, though older children may also experience it. The most common causative bacteria are "Streptococcus pneumoniae", "Haemophilus influenzae", and "Moraxella catarrhalis". Otitis media often occurs with or following cold symptoms. The diagnosis is made by the combination of symptoms and examination of the tympanic membrane for redness, bulging, and/or a
Membrane operating conditions, cost and performance, it should prevented, and if necessary, removed. Optimizing the operation conditions is important to prevent fouling. However, if fouling has already taken place, it should be removed by using physical or chemical cleaning. Physical cleaning techniques for membrane include membrane relaxation and membrane backwashing. Chemical cleaning. Relaxation and backwashing effectiveness will decrease with operation time as more irreversible fouling accumulates on the membrane surface. Therefore, besides the physical cleaning, chemical cleaning may also be recommended. They include: Optimizing the operation condition. Several mechanisms can be carried out to optimize the operation conditions of the membrane