Rosalind Franklin and DNA best evidence for the structure of DNA. For the discovery of the correct chemical structure of DNA, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962 was shared by her colleagues and close researchers James Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins; she died four years earlier in 1958 making her inelligible for the award. Rosalind Franklin joined the King's College London in January 1951 to work on the crystallography of DNA. By the end of that year, she established two important facts: one is that phosphate groups, which are the molecular backbone for the nucleotide chains, lie on the outside (it
Non-helical models of DNA structure Natural Science, 7, (5), 85-100, 2018. The discovery of topoisomerases, enzymes that can change the linking number of circular nucleic acids and thus "unwind" the replicating bacterial chromosome, was largely seen by the mainstream scientific community to satisfy the topological objection to the Watson–Crick helical structure. The later X-ray crystallography data for the nucleosome, which showed a helical DNA structure wrapped around the protein nucleosome core particle, was considered to provide further affirmation for the existence of the helical structure "in vivo". Non-double-helical models are not currently accepted by the mainstream scientific community. Enzymes capable of unwinding and rewinding DNA