Transgender hormone therapy (male-to-female) rare cases of liver damage and lung disease however. Nonsteroidal antiandrogens like bicalutamide may be a particularly favorable option for transgender women who wish to preserve sex drive, sexual function, and/or fertility, relative to antiandrogens that suppress testosterone levels and can greatly disrupt these functions like cyproterone acetate and GnRH modulators. GnRH modulators are powerful antigonadotropins and hence functional antiandrogens. In both males and females, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is produced in the hypothalamus and induces the secretion of the gonadotropins luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. The gonadotropins signal the gonads to make sex hormones
Trophic hormone causes hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells which may transform into carcinoid tumors. Trophic hormone Trophic hormone is a hormone that has a growth effect, hyperplasia or hypertrophy, on the tissue it is stimulating. The term "trophic" is from Ancient Greek τροφικός ("trophikós") meaning "pertaining to food or nourishment", here used to mean "growth"; this is the same origin as "atrophy." This should not be confused with "tropic," as in the similar-sounding tropic hormone – the words and concepts are both unrelated. A key example of this is thyroid-stimulating hormone stimulating the thyroid; excess thyroid-stimulating hormone can create a goitre. Trophic hormones