Rust (fungus) of the rust fungi "Cronartium ribicola", preventing the formation of basidiospores which infect the primary host. Although spores from white pines cannot infect other white pines, survival spores may overwinter on infected pines and reinfect "Ribes" spp. the following season. Infected tissue is removed from white pines and strict quarantines of "Ribes" spp. are maintained in high risk areas. "Puccinia graminis" is a macrocyclic heteroecious fungus that causes wheat stem rust disease. The repeating stage in this fungus occurs on wheat and not the alternate host, barberry. The repeating stage allows the disease to persist in wheat even though the
Wheat yellow rust In 1953, Hylander et al. (1953) revived the name P. striiformis. "Yellow rust" takes its name from the appearance of yellow-colored stripes produced parallel along the venations of each leaf blade. These yellow stripes are actually characteristic of uredinia that produce yellow colored urediniospores. Primary hosts of yellow rust are "Triticum aestivum" (bread wheat), "Triticum turgidum" (durum wheat), triticale, and a few "Hordeum vulgare" (barley) cultivars. The alternate host was discovered by accident in 2010. Species of common barberry plants (the alternate host of wheat stem rust) were found harbouring stripe rust. When transferred to grass hosts, Kentucky Bluegrass was