Holoaden Holoaden Holoaden (common name: highland frogs) is a small genus of craugastorid frogs endemic to southeastern Brazil. "Holoaden" is the type genus of subfamily Holoadeninae that was erected in 2008 and placed in family Strabomantidae, erected at the same time. Before that, it was in Brachycephalidae. However, later research has led the whole Strabomantidae, Holoadeninae included, to become included in Craugastoridae. This arrangement is not followed by all, and the AmphibiaWeb still keeps Holoadeninae, and consequently "Holoaden", in Strabomantidae. "Holoaden" grow to snout–vent length at most. Head is narrower than the body. Differentiated tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus are absent.
Translocase of the inner membrane modified complex containing Tim12, on the outer surface of the TIM22 complex. Tim12 is membrane bound and thus may act as a linker molecule docking Tim9 and Tim10 to the face of the TIM22 complex. The carrier preprotein is then inserted into the inner mitochondrial membrane in a potential-dependent fashion. The membrane potential is necessary for both insertion of the precursor into the carrier translocase and lateral release of the protein into the lipid phase of the inner mitochondrial membrane, which completes protein translocation. However this membrane potential-dependent process takes place in absence of ATP-driven machinery. TIM17A; TIMM17A; TIMM17B; TIMM22;