Johannes Diderik van der Waals higher temperatures. Nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and helium subsequently succumbed to liquefaction. Heike Kamerlingh Onnes was significantly influenced by the pioneer work of van der Waals. In 1908, Onnes became the first to make liquid helium; this led directly to his 1911 discovery of superconductivity. Van der Waals started his career as a school teacher. He became the first physics professor of the University of Amsterdam when in 1877 the old Athenaeum was upgraded to Municipal University. Van der Waals won the 1910 Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids. Johannes Diderik
Leiden Law School result of this policy, the old Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, named after physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, was restyled into a new home for the law school; the move was completed in 2004. A reorganisation of the faculty, which began in the 1980s, realigned the faculty's focus to major fields such as civil, corporate, notarial, criminal, European and international law; these areas remain Leiden's traditional areas of scholarly strength. The Cleveringa Institute was established in 2001 to maintain the integrity of teaching and intellectual rigour in courses. The faculty's research was moved to the E.M. Meijers Institute in 1997 and emphasised interdisciplinary