Holoaden Holoaden Holoaden (common name: highland frogs) is a small genus of craugastorid frogs endemic to southeastern Brazil. "Holoaden" is the type genus of subfamily Holoadeninae that was erected in 2008 and placed in family Strabomantidae, erected at the same time. Before that, it was in Brachycephalidae. However, later research has led the whole Strabomantidae, Holoadeninae included, to become included in Craugastoridae. This arrangement is not followed by all, and the AmphibiaWeb still keeps Holoadeninae, and consequently "Holoaden", in Strabomantidae. "Holoaden" grow to snout–vent length at most. Head is narrower than the body. Differentiated tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus are absent.
Plasma membrane H+-ATPase Plasma membrane H+-ATPase This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides to catalyse transmembrane movement of substances. To be specific, the protein is a part of the P-type ATPase family. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP phosphohydrolase (-exporting). -exporting ATPase is also known as proton ATPase or more simply proton pump. Other names in common use include proton-translocating ATPase, yeast plasma membrane -ATPase, plant plasma membrane -ATPase, yeast plasma membrane ATPase, plant plasma membrane ATPase, and ATP phosphohydrolase. The yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) enzyme is encoded by the gene Pma1 and hence