Muscarinic antagonist brain, involving both increased levels of acetylcholine and degeneration of dopaminergic pathways (nigrostriatal pathway). Thus, in parkinsonism there is decreased level of dopaminergic activity. One method of balancing the neurotransmitters is through blocking central cholinergic activity using muscarinic receptor antagonists. Atropine acts on the M2 receptors of the heart and antagonizes the activity of acetylcholine. It causes tachycardia by blocking vagal effects on the sinoatrial node. Acetylcholine hyperpolarizes the sinoatrial node, which is overcome by MRA and thus increases the heart rate. If atropine is given by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection, it causes initial bradycardia. This is because by i.m/s.c
Lunar node about 0.94901 Gregorian year, as do descending-node eclipses. The nodes are called by different names in different areas of the world. In ancient European texts, the ascending node is referred to as the dragon's head ("Caput Draconis", or "Anabibazon"). Its symbol is , the astronomical and astrological symbol for the dragon's head. By the same analogy, the descending node is also known as the dragon's tail ("Cauda Draconis", or "Catabibazon"), and its symbol is the inversion of that of the ascending node: . In Hindu astronomy, the ascending node ☊ is called "Rahu" and the descending node ☋ is called