Henry Jones Shrapnell tympanic membrane is known as "Shrapnell's membrane". During the same year, Shrapnell published two other articles in the same journal, these being in regards to the function of the tympanic membrane and the nerves of the ear. In 1833, he published an article (again in the same journal) on the anatomy of the incus. Henry Jones Shrapnell Henry Jones Shrapnell (1792–1834) was an English anatomist. For a period of time during his career he was a colleague to Edward Jenner (1749-1823), creator of the vaccine for smallpox. Shrapnell is remembered for his pioneer work in otology. He was the first
Dirac membrane Dirac membrane A model of a charged membrane introduced by Paul Dirac in 1962. Dirac's original motivation was to explain the mass of the muon as an excitation of the ground state corresponding to an electron. Anticipating the birth of string theory by almost a decade, he was the first to introduce what is now called a type of Nambu–Goto action for membranes. In the Dirac membrane model the repulsive electromagnetic forces on the membrane are balanced by the contracting ones coming from the positive tension. In the case of the spherical membrane, classical equations of motion imply that the