Valerian (herb) particular binding site. Hydrophilic extractions of the herb commonly sold over the counter, however, probably do not contain significant amounts of isovaltrate. Valerenic acid in valerian stimulates serotonin receptors as a partial agonist, including 5-HT which is implicated in the sleep-wake cycle. The chief constituent of valerian is a yellowish-green to brownish-yellow oil present in the dried root, varying in content from 0.5 to 2.0%. This variation in quantity may be determined by location; a dry, stony soil yields a root richer in oil than moist, fertile soil. The volatile oils that form the active ingredient are pungent, somewhat reminiscent
Valerian Gunia Valerian Gunia Valerian "Valiko" Gunia (; 21 January 1862 – 31 July 1938) was a Georgian dramatist, actor, director, critic, and translator. His contribution to the Georgian scene won him the title of People's Artist in 1934. Born in the village of Eki, Kutais Governorate, Russian Empire, in what is now the Senaki Municipality of a family of untitled Mingrelian nobility, Gunia attended the "realschule" in Tiflis until being expelled for participation in student protests in 1881. He then studied at the Petrovsko-Razumovsky Agricultural Academy in Moscow. In 1882 he joined the Georgian Dramatical Troupe in Tiflis. As an actor,