Magnetic flux area S is where "B" is the magnitude of the magnetic field (the magnetic flux density) having the unit of Wb/m (tesla), "S" is the area of the surface, and "θ" is the angle between the magnetic field lines and the normal (perpendicular) to S. For a varying magnetic field, we first consider the magnetic flux through an infinitesimal area element dS, where we may consider the field to be constant: A generic surface, S, can then be broken into infinitesimal elements and the total magnetic flux through the surface is then the surface integral From the definition of the
Spectral flux density In a region in which the material is uniform and the radiative field is isotropic and homogeneous, let the spectral radiance (or specific intensity) be denoted by , a scalar-valued function of its arguments , , , and , where denotes a unit vector with the direction and sense of the geometrical vector from the source point to the detection point , where denotes the coordinates of , at time and wave frequency . Then, in the region, takes a constant scalar value, which we here denote by . In this case, the value of the vector flux density at