Renal artery located above the renal vein. Supernumerary renal arteries (two or more arteries to a single kidney) are the most common renovascular anomaly, occurrence ranging from 25% to 40% of kidneys. Renal artery stenosis, or narrowing of one or both renal arteries will lead to hypertension as the affected kidneys release renin to increase blood pressure to preserve perfusion to the kidneys. RAS is typically diagnosed with duplex ultrasonography of the renal arteries. It is treated with the use of balloon angioplasty and stents, if necessary. Atherosclerosis can also affect the renal arteries and can lead to poor perfusion of the
Medial plantar artery of the first three spaces. A superficial branch which supplies a plantar digital artery to the medial side of the 1st toe, and a deep branch which assists in supplying blood to the plantar metatarsal arteries. Medial plantar artery The medial plantar artery (internal plantar artery), much smaller than the lateral plantar artery, passes forward along the medial side of the foot. It is at first situated above the abductor hallucis, and then between it and the flexor digitorum brevis, both of which it supplies. At the base of the first metatarsal bone, where it is much diminished in size,