Work of breathing Work of breathing Work of breathing (WOB) is the energy expended to inhale and exhale a breathing gas. It is usually expressed as work per unit volume, for example, joules/litre, or as a work rate (power), such as joules/min or equivalent units, as it is not particularly useful without a reference to volume or time. It can be calculated in terms of the pulmonary pressure multiplied by the change in pulmonary volume, or in terms of the oxygen consumption attributable to breathing. In a normal resting state the work of breathing constitutes about 5% of the total body oxygen consumption.
Energy and Climate Partnership of the Americas to reduce both conventional pollution and the carbon footprint of fossil fuels, as well as best practices on land use management. Energy Infrastructure: Foster modernized, integrated, and more resilient energy infrastructure, particularly electrical grids and gas pipelines. Energy Poverty: Target urban and rural energy poverty with strategies to promote sustainable urban development and improve access to modern clean energy services and appropriate technologies in rural areas that can improve public health and reduce fuel wood use that benefits forest management. Regional energy integration:Promote regional energy coordination, cooperation, or harmonization (where feasible) and interconnection between and among countries in the Americas,