Southern Ocean – fairly uniform temperatures of the deep ocean at the poles and the equator which differ by no more than 5 °C, and the major current systems or marine conveyor belt which transport egg and larva stages. The rocky shores of mainland Antarctica and its offshore islands provide nesting space for over 100 million birds every spring. These nesters include species of albatrosses, petrels, skuas, gulls and terns. The insectivorous South Georgia pipit is endemic to South Georgia and some smaller surrounding islands. Freshwater ducks inhabit South Georgia and the Kerguelen Islands. The flightless penguins are all located in the
Southern Kangaroo Island Marine Park (state waters) by the Southern Kangaroo Island Marine Park which is a marine protected area managed by the Australian government, on its southern side at the limits of state waters. As of 2016, the marine park has been classified under the IUCN system of protected area categories with the “restricted access zone” being Category Ia, the “sanctuary zone” being IUCN Category II and the “habitat protection zones” being IUCN Category IV. Southern Kangaroo Island Marine Park (state waters) Southern Kangaroo Island Marine Park is a marine protected area in the Australian state of South Australia located in state coastal waters adjoining both