Liquid helium of liquid water. Helium was first liquefied on July 10, 1908, by the Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes at the University of Leiden in the Netherlands. At that time, helium-3 was unknown because the mass spectrometer had not yet been invented. In more recent decades, liquid helium has been used as a cryogenic refrigerant, and liquid helium is produced commercially for use in superconducting magnets such as those used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), and experiments in physics, such as low temperature Mössbauer spectroscopy. The temperature required to produce liquid helium is low because
Heike Matthiesen at festivals and in guitar concert series and a juror in national and international competitions. Heike Matthiesen is especially passioned about the music of female composers. Heike Matthiesen represents a new generation of classical musician, communicative, open for new media and an avid ambassador for classical music on all relevant social media platforms. Solo: Heike Matthiesen Heike Matthiesen (born 27 June 1969) is one of Germany's leading classical guitarists whose virtuosity and spirited performance, coupled with a charismatic stage presence, are regularly highlighted by the press. Heike Matthiesen was born in Braunschweig, into a family of classical musicians. From early