Antibiotic sensitivity culture the bacteria. This can help in the diagnosis. Once a culture is established, there are two possible ways to get an antibiogram: Once the MIC is calculated, it can be compared to known values for a given bacterium and antibiotic: e.g. a MIC > 0,06 µg/ml may be interpreted as a penicillin-resistant "Streptococcus pneumoniae". Such information may be useful to the clinician, who can change the empirical treatment, to a more custom-tailored treatment that is directed only at the causative bacterium. Often clinical specimens are sent to the clinical laboratory for culture and sensitivity (C&S), which is culture and
Quinolone antibiotic not be used as a first-line agent for community-acquired pneumonia, instead recommending macrolide or doxycycline as first-line agents. The Drug-Resistant "Streptococcus pneumoniae" Working Group recommends fluoroquinolones be used for the ambulatory treatment of community-acquired pneumonia only after other antibiotic classes have been tried and failed, or in cases with demonstrated drug-resistant "Streptococcus pneumoniae". Resistance to quinolones can evolve rapidly, even during a course of treatment. Numerous pathogens, including "Escherichia coli", commonly exhibit resistance. Widespread veterinary usage of quinolones, in particular in Europe, has been implicated. Fluoroquinolones had become the class of antibiotics most commonly prescribed to adults in 2002. Nearly