Work of breathing Work of breathing Work of breathing (WOB) is the energy expended to inhale and exhale a breathing gas. It is usually expressed as work per unit volume, for example, joules/litre, or as a work rate (power), such as joules/min or equivalent units, as it is not particularly useful without a reference to volume or time. It can be calculated in terms of the pulmonary pressure multiplied by the change in pulmonary volume, or in terms of the oxygen consumption attributable to breathing. In a normal resting state the work of breathing constitutes about 5% of the total body oxygen consumption.
Energy Research Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences is the director of the Institute. The Institute employs approximately 80 staff members, of whom 65% are highly skilled specialists. It comprises eight scientific departments: The Institute deploys a matrix organizational structure in order to maximize flexibility. Thus, different departments can work together jointly and each can be modified according to the circumstances. The Institute’s mission is to find solutions to a wide range of contemporary challenges including: efficient energy production and consumption techniques to promote energy savings; appropriate pricing mechanisms for energy markets; and legislation, tax policy and other general issues related to domestic energy policy. ERIRAS work is